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VLSI Assignment-Question Bank

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8 views

VLSI Assignment-Question Bank

Uploaded by

ANUJ KALRA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. Describe various steps in fabrication of a CMOS.

2. Describe various steps in fabrication of a BiMOS.


3. Describe various steps in fabrication of a P-MOS.
4. What is the difference in physical structure between E-MOSFET and D-MOSFET
for n-channel? How is the channel formed in E-MOSFET?
5. Why N-MOSFET is preferred over P-MOSFET?
6. Realize two input NAND and NOR gate Using a) N-MOS b) CMOS
7. Explain the structure and operation of E-MOSFET.
8. Explain the structure and operation of D-MOSFET.
9. What are the advantages of ICs over discrete circuits?
10. Discuss N-well Process for CMOS fabrication.
11. Describe various fabrication steps involved for fabricating ICs.
12. What are the advantages of BiCMOS over CMOS?
13. Why active load is preferred over passive load?
14. Explain CMOS inverter briefly. And Draw Input/output characteristics of
CMOS inverter. Why CMOS inverter is better than NMOS or PMOS inverter?
15. Differentiate between
a) D-MOSFET and E-MOSFET.
b) ICs and Discrete components
c) BJT and FET
d) PMOS and NMOS
16. What is ion implantation, and how does it differ from diffusion in terms of
dopant introduction?
17. Describe the process of encapsulation in the context of IC fabrication.
Why is encapsulation necessary, and what materials are typically used for
encapsulating ICs?
18. What is probe testing in the IC manufacturing process?
Explain how probe testing is carried out and why it is an essential step before
packaging the ICs.
19. Why is CMOS technology the preferred choice for high-performance
processors, and what are the key advantages it offers?
20. Compare and contrast the power consumption and speed of NMOS, PMOS,
and CMOS technologies.
21. Describe the three regions of operation: cutoff, linear (triode), and
saturation
22. What is the threshold voltage (Vth) of a MOSFET?
23. Define transconductance (gm) for a MOSFET.
24. Define the figure of merit (FoM) for a MOS transistor.
25. Explain the operation of an NMOS pass transistor in a pass-gate circuit.
26. What are the advantages and limitations of using an NMOS pass transistor in
logic circuits?
27. Draw and explain all logic gates using pass transistors.
28. In which applications are BiCMOS inverters preferred over CMOS inverters?
29. What are the trade-offs between speed and power consumption when using
BiCMOS technology?
30. Explain the VLSI Design Flow in detail.
31. What are the major challenges faced during the VLSI design process?
32. Why is it important to optimize the design during the VLSI design flow?
33. What are the different layers used in MOS IC fabrication?
34. Explain the concept of a stick diagram and its role in VLSI design.
35. Draw the stick diagram for a basic NMOS transistor and a PMOS transistor
and all 7 logic gates using CMOS.
36. What are design rules in the context of VLSI layout?
37. Draw the layout for a basic NMOS transistor and an PMOS transistor.
38. Explain Lamda-rule.
39. What are the CMOS design rules for wires and contacts?
40. What are the design considerations for transistor layout in CMOS
technology?
41. Explain the concept of vias and their importance in CMOS design.
42. Explain Scaling of MOS circuits and discuss Limitations of Scaling.
43. Explain the impact of scaling on the threshold voltage (Vth), drive current
(Id), and short-channel effects.
44. What is a Hardware Description Language (HDL)?
45. Why is VHDL one of the most widely used HDLs in digital design?
46. What are the primary applications of HDL in modern VLSI design?
47. Explain the concept of Entity in VHDL.
48. What is the difference between Entity and Architecture in VHDL?
49. How is an Entity declared and what are the common components included
in an Entity declaration?
50. Provide an example of a simple VHDL design where the Entity and
Architecture are defined separately.
51. Describe the three main types of architecture in VHDL: Structural,
Behavioral, and Dataflow.
52. Provide an example of a VHDL structural description for a simple AND gate
53. Provide an example of a behavioral description of a 2-input AND gate in
VHDL.
54. Explain the difference between concurrent statements and sequential
statements in VHDL.
55. Provide an example of dataflow modeling for a simple 2-input OR gate.
56. What is the role of a process block in VHDL?
57. What is the difference between simulation and synthesis in the context of
VHDL?
58. All programming done in Practical file.
59. Writes notes on PAL, PLA, FPGA,CPLDs.
60. Design a simple combinational circuit (e.g., a 3-input AND gate, 2-input OR
gate) using a PLA.
61. What tools and languages are used to program an FPGA?
62. What is a CPLD, and how does its architecture differ from that of an FPGA?
63. What are the advantages and limitations of using CPLDs compared to
FPGAs?
64. What is a PAL, and how is it different from a PLA?
65. Given a Boolean function, explain how it can be implemented using a PAL
device.
66. What are standard cells in digital ASIC design?
67. What types of cells are included in a standard cell library?
68. Explain Advantages and Challenges of Standard Cells.
69. Discuss the trade-offs between CMOS and BiCMOS technology in terms of
speed, power, and complexity.
70. Explain how clock gating is used in reducing power consumption in complex
logic designs.

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