Medicinal Plants of Tamil Nadu and Kashmir

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1 Gaozaban(Borago officinalis)

Borage seed oil is used for skin disorders including eczema (atopic dermatitis),
red, itchy rash on the scalp (seborrheic dermatitis), and a type of skin condition
called neurodermatitis. It is also used for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), swelling of the
gums, stress, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), diabetes, attention deficit-
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS), alcoholism, pain and swelling (inflammation), asthma, and for
preventing heart disease and stroke. Borage oil is sometimes added
to infant formula in small amounts to provide fatty acids needed to promote
development of preterm infants.
Borage flower and leaves are used for fever, cough, and depression.
Borage is also used for a hormone problem called adrenal insufficiency, for
"blood purification," to increase urine flow, to prevent inflammation of the lungs,
as a sedative, and to promote sweating. Borage is also used to
increase breast milk production and to treat bronchitis and colds.

2 Harad (Terminalia chebula)


Terminalia is a tree. Three species of terminalia are used for medicine, especially
as part of Ayurvedic medicine. These species are Terminalia arjuna, Terminalia
bellirica, and Terminalia chebula. Terminalia is most commonly used
for heart ailments including heart failure and chest pain. It is also used for
diabetes, high cholesterol, and many other conditions, but there is no good
scientific evidence to support these uses.

Medicinal plants are part and parcel of human society to combat diseases from the
dawn of civilization. Terminalia chebula Retz. (Fam. Combretaceae), is called the ‘King
of Medicine’ in Tibet and is always listed at the top of the list of ‘Ayurvedic Materia
Medica’ because of its extraordinary power of healing. The whole plant possesses high
medicinal value and traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments for human
beings. Some of the folklore people used this plant in the treatment of asthma, sore
throat, vomiting, hiccough, diarrhea, dysentery, bleeding piles, ulcers, gout, heart and
bladder diseases. The plant has been demonstrated to possess multiple
pharmacological and medicinal activities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial,
antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, antiproliferative,
radioprotective, cardioprotective, antiarthritic, anticaries, gastrointestinal motility and
wound healing activity.

3 Saffron(Crocus sativus)
Saffron (Crocus sativus) is a plant. The dried thread-like parts of the flower
(stigmas) are used to make saffron spice, food coloring, and medicine.

Saffron contains chemicals that might alter mood, kill cancer cells, decrease
swelling, and act like antioxidants. It can take 75,000 saffron blossoms to produce
a single pound of saffron spice. Saffron is largely cultivated in Iran and harvested
by hand. It's one of the world's most expensive spices.

People commonly use saffron for depression, anxiety, Alzheimer


disease, menstrual cramps, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and many other
conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support many of these uses.

4. Amla(Emblica officinalis)

5. Arjun (Terminalia arjuna),

It is used in the treatment of fractures, ulcers, hepatic and showed hypocholesterolemic, antibacterial,
antimicrobial, antitumoral, antioxidant, antiallergic and antifeedant, antifertility and anti-HIV activities. T.
arjuna is reported that to possess strong hydrolipidemic properties. Terminalia arjuna, commonly known
as arjuna, belongs to the family of Combretaceae. Its bark decoction is being used in the Indian
subcontinent for anginal pain, hypertension, congestive heart failure, and dyslipidemia, based on
the observations of ancient physicians for centuries. It has various medicinal properties like antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial. Arjuna helps reduce the risk of heart diseases. It strengthens and
tones the heart muscles and helps in proper functioning of the heart. Arjuna tree also has strong anti-
hypertensive property and helps reduce high blood pressure.

6 . Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera),


Ashwagandha, or Withania somnifera, is an herb native to Asia
and Africa. Also called “Indian ginseng,” it’s been used in
traditional Indian Ayurvedic medicine for thousands of years to
ease pain and inflammation, treat insomnia, and
boost nutrition, along with Stress and Anxiety There are a few human
studies on its stress-relieving properties. , Cancer Several studies
have shown ashwagandha has compounds that may help fight
certain types of cancer. , Neurodegenerative Diseases Studies show
ashwagandha can slow, stop, and possibly reverse certain types
of nerve cell damage., Arthritis One study found ashwagandha
eased arthritis-related symptoms like pain and joint swelling in
people with rheumatoid arthritis. , Exercise Performance Another
study found healthy young adults who took 500 milligrams of
ashwagandha daily for 8 weeks had more speed and strength
during exercise than people who took a placebo. , Male Infertility,
sleep

7 Baheda(Terminalia bellirica),
The fruits, apart from being an integral part in Triphala, are widely used in various
traditional therapeutic formulations in the indigenous system of medicine either alone
or in combination with other plant-based drugs [14]. The fruit of T. bellirica has been
consumed as food by several ethnic groups of Nepal [15]. The fruits have laxative,
astringent, anthelmintic and antipyretic properties and are used in Ayurveda against
various disorders like hepatitis, bronchitis, asthma, dyspepsia, piles, diarrhea, coughs,
eye diseases [16]. The fruits elicit various pharmacological properties like antioxidant,
antidiabetic, analgesic, antidiarrhoeal, anti-inflammatory [17] in its different extracts.
The fruit possess strong antioxidant properties and has reported hepatoprotective
activity in its ethanolic extract.

Terminalia is most commonly used for heart ailments including heart


failure and chest pain. It is also used for diabetes, high cholesterol, and many
other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.

8. Banafsha(Viola odorata)

 It can help relieve respiratory problems such as cough, asthma, nasal congestion, and ease body pain, fever
and headaches. The powder is highly useful for treating skin related problems such as pimples, acne, and
other skin irritations. The Ayurvedic content of this product may also soothe inflammations and purify the
blood. Can relieve respiratory ailments such as cough, asthma, and nasal congestions
 May improve mood disorders and reduce stress, depression, fatigue and insomnia

 Helpful for alleviating dermatological problems like acne, pimples, itching, dry skin, and other skin irritations

 Useful for easing swelling and inflammation to reduce body pain

9. giloy (tinospora cordifolia),

A variety of active components derived from the plant like alkaloids, steroids,
diterpenoid lactones, aliphatics, and glycosides[4] have been isolated from the
different parts of the plant body, including root, stem, and whole plant. Recently,
the plant is of great interest to researchers across the globe because of its
reported medicinal properties like anti-diabetic, anti-periodic, anti-spasmodic,
anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, anti-oxidant, anti-allergic, anti-stress, anti-
leprotic, anti-malarial, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory and anti-neoplastic
activities. Tinospora cordifolia contains many different chemicals that
might affect the body. Some of these chemicals might have antioxidant
and anti-inflammatory effects. Others might affect the immune system.

People use Tinospora cordifolia for hay fever, athletic performance,


diabetes, high cholesterol, upset stomach, and many other conditions,
but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.

10. Kansi (Cichorium intybus)


Cichorium intybus Linn. It is Sedative, Anti-diabetic and Hepatoprotective, Cholagogue, Deobstruent,
Febrifuge, Laxative and Resolvent. Root is Aperient, Bitter, Cholagogue, Deobstruent, Diuretic,
Emmenagogue, Febrifuge, Resolvent. Root is used in Fever, Renal Calculi, Gastritis, Dyspepsia and
Dropsy. Seed is Appetizer, Carminative, Demulcent and Tonic. Seeds are used in Obstructive Jaundice, Hepatitis,
Renal Calculi and Chronic Fever. Juice of the leaves is indicated in Metritis, Salpingitis and Cervicitis. Leaves are
used in Dropsy, Gout, Rheumatism, Warts, Headache, Ophthalmia, Arthritis, Stomach Inflammation and Irritation etc.

Chicory is used for liver and heart health, constipation, swelling, and other
conditions, but there is no good evidence to support its use.

In foods, chicory leaves are often eaten like celery, and the roots and leaf buds are
boiled and eaten. Chicory is also used as a cooking spice and to flavor foods and
beverages. Some coffee mixes include ground chicory to enhance the richness of
the coffee.

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