CONTRIBUTORY FACTORS TO JUVENILES LEADING TO

DELINQUENCY ACTS

A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the

School of Criminology Polytechnic
College of La Union

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

For the Degree Bachelor of
Science in Criminology

By:

DOMINGO, JORIELYN M.

MANIGUAY, JOCELYN A.

MADRIAGA, BENSON L.

BELLOSILLO, JAVEE LYNNE L.

VILLANUEVA, MARK JHERVIN B.

December 2023

i
 APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis entitled “Contributory Factors to Juvenile Leading to

Delinquency Acts”, prepared and submitted by Jorielyn Domingo,
Jocelyn Maniguay, Javee Lynne Bellosillo, Benson Madriaga and Mark
Jhervin Villanueva in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree,
Bachelor of Science in Criminology.

DESIRE G. ESTRADA, PhD.

Adviser

Approved by the panel of examiners in partial fulfillment of the

requirements in Bachelor of Science in Criminology.

________________________
RENOR A. APELA, MSCJ
Chairman

________________________ __________________________
JESSE M. PABUNAN, MSCJ MICHAEL SALINAS, MSCJ, JD
Member Member

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree

Master of Science in Criminal Justice with specialization in Criminology.

NELSON E. FONBUENA, MSCJ

Dean- School of Criminology

Rating: Passed

Date: December 17, 2023

ii
 DEDICATION

The researcher dedicated this research to our loving God who is the

Author of Life for all the goodness he has done for us and for giving us the

most wonderful persons who are always with us as we go through our

course in life, We wholeheartedly and humbly dedicated this piece of work.

To fellow Filipinos who believe for an equal and hospitable

government service, trusting and having faith with the system of the

government regarding to their respective needs and services.

To our ever supportive and loving parents who serves as our

source of strength and inspiration. To our siblings who add spices to our

lives. To our relatives who are always there ready to lend their hands,

guide, and support us. To our genuine friends who never let us face all

the challenges alone.

Also, dedicated this research to the professors of Polytechnic

College of La Union for their expertise and experience to develop the skill

and knowledge of the researcher and to the adviser Dr. Desire G. Estrada

for the desirous motivation and limitless support from the initial start until

the finality process of this research.

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers wish to express their profound gratitude to the

following who have contributed to the success of this study.

To their beloved Alma Mater, the Polytechnic College of La Union

(PCLU) that serves as an instrument towards the realization of their

dreams and which molds them to become real and globally competitive

professionals;

To Prof. Nelson E. Fonbuena, the distinguished, talented and

brilliant Dean of the College of Criminology, for his great efforts toward the

betterment of the college, faculty and students.

To our kind, supportive and understanding research teacher, Dr.

Desire G. Estrada, for her patience in checking and giving insights to our

action research and for her approval to continue our study in this school,

for her profound concern and assistance. Who fixed our research title and

for giving her opinions and suggestions to make our research successful.

iv
 To Mr. Jesse M. Pabunan, Mr. Jayson E. Necida and Mr. Renor A.

Apela, Members of the Panel, for the guidance, the support, and

encouragement to the researchers.

To Prof. Ryan E. Ponce, for his incomparable constructive

suggestions, opinions, and worthy instructions towards the finishing point

of the study and who validated our survey questionnaire.

To our dear respondents, for accepting and honestly answering our

questionnaires and help us to find the solution in this study.

To our families and friend who gave their words of encouragement

and always there beside us and always motivate us to not give up in our

research.

And above all, Lord God, granting us patience, strength, and

knowledge to accomplish this work.

v
 ABSTRACT

Introduction: Juvenile Delinquency is the habitual committing of criminal

acts or offenses by a young person, especially one below the age at which

ordinary criminal prosecution is possible. This study aims to find out about

the contributory factors to juvenile leading to delinquency acts.

Methods: This qualitative descriptive research determined the contributory

factors to juveniles leading to delinquency acts of 30 respondents from

San Nicolas West Agoo, La Union Home for Girls. A survey questionnaire

was used. Data were analyze using frequency and percentage distribution

and mean.

Results and Discussion: Majority of the respondents belongs to age

group of 15-18 years old and were all females. Most of the respondents

are from poor economic status. In terms of family, most of the respondents

are broken family. In the part of education, majority of the respondents

says they have failing grade levels have the highest mean scores of 2.8. In

social relationship, the most common reason of doing delinquent acts is

vi
poverty. And the environmental factors, the children involve have big

impact on what is happening in the community. The results from the survey

questionnaire shows that majority of the respondents has significant factor

in what delinquent acts can be committed have the highest mean scores of

3.27.

Conclusion: Majority of the respondents are responsible for the custody of

CICLs. These facilities are expected to provide for the safety of youth and

the public and to fulfill a variety of other functions. Together with

extracurricular activities that is suited for the needs of the CICLs, it will

reinforce and offers opportunity to apply real-world context and generate a

well-rounded child later on the process.

Keywords: Juvenile Delinquency, Juveniles, Delinquents,

vii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page

Title Page i

Approval Sheet ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgement iv

Abstract vi

Table of Contents viii

List of Tables x

List of Figures & Appendices xi

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study 1

Statement of the Problem 7

Theoretical Framework 8

Research Paradigm 10

Research Hypothesis 11

Scope and Delimitation 11

Significance of the Study 12

Definition of Terms 13

viii
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES 14

METHODOLOGY

Research Design 22

Research Locale 22

Sample and Sampling Technique 23

Research Instrument 23

Data Gathering Procedure 24

Statistical Treatment of Data 25

Ethical Consideration 27

RESULTS and ANALYSIS

Problem No. 1 29

Problem No. 2 32

Problem No. 3 36

Problem No. 4 38

DISCUSSIONS

Summary of Findings 39

Conclusion 41

Recommendation 42

REFERENCES 43

APPENDICES 46

ix
 List of Tables

Table Title Page

1 Percentage Distribution of Respondents in 29

terms of Sex.

2 Percentage Distribution of Juvenile Delinquent 30

in terms of Age

3 Percentage Distribution of Juvenile Delinquent 31

in terms of Economic Status.

4 Respondents’ Evaluation on Factors to 32

Juvenile Leading to Delinquency Acts in terms
of Family.

5 Respondents’ Evaluation on Factors to 33

Juvenile Leading to Delinquency Acts in terms
of Education.

6 Respondents’ Evaluation on Factors to 34

Juvenile Leading to Delinquency Acts in
Terms of Social Relationship.

7 Respondents’ Evaluation on Factors to 35

Juvenile Leading to Delinquency Acts in
Terms of Environmental Factors.

8 If there is any significant relationship between 36

demographic profile and factors leading to

x
 juvenile delinquency.

9 Based from the findings of the study, what 38

program maybe proposed?

List of Figures

1 Research Paradigm 10

List of Appendices

A Letter of Permission to Conduct Study 46

B Informed Consent Form 47

C Survey Questionnaire 48

D Letter Request for the Validation of the 51

Research Instrument

E Curriculum Vitae 52

xi
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

The primary causes of juvenile delinquency can include

dysfunctional homes, single-parent families, divorced families, ongoing

parent conflicts, lack of trust in one another among the parents, criminal

parents, or psychological issues in the parents. According to (Nagle, 2019)

Crimes are on the rise and nowadays these crimes are committed not only

by adults but by children as well.

Juvenile delinquency as cited by (Aclis, 2016) is defined as the

habitual committing of criminal acts or offenses by a young person,

especially one below the age at which ordinary criminal prosecution is

possible. Though the definition pertains to the acts committed by children,

it is also very important to consider the age of criminal responsibility since

this is one of the most common differences by several states in its

universal perspective. Model programs have given families and kids

information that has benefited them. Some programs educate parents on

how to raise healthy kids; others tell kids about the dangers of drugs,

gangs, sex, and weapons; yet others try to convey to young people the

1
inherent value they and all other people possess. All of these initiatives

teach young people that their actions have repercussions. This is crucial in

a time when young people are constantly exposed to sexual and violent

imagery. The overarching goal of educational initiatives is to provide young

people hope and possibilities.

A controversy has been born as to how to handle juvenile offenders

with some people arguing that they should be treated like adult offenders.

The government has considered both public safety and the need to

rehabilitate the juvenile offenders in its effort to fight this behavior. This has

been effective in reducing the case of juvenile delinquency. All over the

world, an examination of the juvenile justice system is being done. (Aala

et.al., 2013) in their study pointed out that among the areas of concern

undergoing re-investigation is the philosophy of punishment involving

juvenile offenders and the process of bringing them into the juvenile

system of justice. While their focus is on the philosophy of punishment as a

deterrent to juvenile delinquency, the present study focuses on the

philosophy of rehabilitation as part of the tertiary interventions without

resorting to juvenile justice process.

2
 The Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) maintains that

children in conflict with the law have the right to treatment that promotes

their sense of dignity and worth, takes into account their age, and aims at

their reintegration into society. Also, placing children in conflict with the law

in a closed facility should be a measure of last resort, to be avoided

whenever possible. The convention prohibits the imposition of the death

penalty and sentences of life imprisonment for offenses committed by

persons under the age of 18.

Republic Act 9344 otherwise known as the Juvenile Justice Law of

2006 sets the minimum age of criminal liability at 15 years old – meaning

those between 15 to 18 years old may be detained in youth centers and be

put through rehabilitation programs. Those under 15 years old are

exempted from criminal liability and undergo intervention. Section 5

chapter 2 of the said law stipulates the rights of every child in conflict with

the law, among others, the right not to be subjected to torture to other

cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment of punishment; the right not to be

imposed a sentence of capital punishment of life imprisonment, without the

possibility of release; the right not to be deprived, unlawfully or arbitrarily,

of his liberty, detention or imprisonment being a disposition of last resort,

and which shall be for the shortest appropriate period; the right to be

3
treated with humanity and respect, for the inherent dignity of the person,

and in a manner which takes into account the needs of a person of his/her

age. In particular, a child deprived of liberty shall be conveyed separately

to or from the court. He/she shall await hearing of his/her case in a

separate holding area. The child in conflict with the law shall have the right

to maintain contact with his/her family through correspondence and visits,

save in exceptional circumstances, the right to prompt access to legal and

other appropriate assistance, as well as the right to challenge the legality

of the deprivation of his/her liberty before the court or any competent,

independent and impartial authority, and to a prompt decision on such

action; the right to bail and recognizance, in appropriate cases; the right to

testify as a witness in his/her behalf under the rule on examination of a

child witness; the right to probation as an alternative to imprisonment, and

many more.

Before this law, children were locked up in jail together with adults

even for petty offenses. They were vulnerable to abuse during arrest and

detention. An average of 10, 515 children were arrested every year as

reported by the Department of Social Welfare and Development in 2014.

According to (Young et al., 2017) the sentencing of an individual

convicted of a criminal offense is largely driven by three key

4
considerations: retribution (punishment), deterrence and rehabilitation. In

the case of juvenile offenders, the principle of rehabilitation is often

assigned the greatest weight.

Poverty, lack of access to quality education, and limited economic

opportunities. A lack of positive role models and family supported can also

play a role. A lack of constructive extracurricular activities or after-school

programs can leave youth with too much free time, making them more

susceptible to delinquent behavior.

The majority time, these crimes result in adolescents losing their

freedom because they may be sentenced to probation or even

imprisonment. Due to the fact that they will miss academic events that take

place while on probation or jail, this has a detrimental impact on their

academic wellness as well. The concept of a right to treatment was first

introduced to the mental health field in 1960 by (Morton et al., 2000).

Based on the available records of the Agoo Police Office, the most

prevalent case committed by children at risk is theft, snatching, and pick

pocketing. There is also the incidence of street fights or trouble.

In the light of the above-mentioned situations, the proponent of this

study decided to look into the effectiveness of the duty bearers in handling

cases of children in conflict with the law, with a focus on the barangay

5
officials in charge of the Barangay Council for the Protection of Children

and the social workers, by looking into their knowledge, attitudes, and

practices to determine whether the basic rights of the children are

respected as provided in several laws for the protection of the said children

until they are integrated into the mainstream of the society. According to

section 44 of RA 9344 likewise provides the objective of rehabilitation and

reintegration of children in conflict with the law and that is to provide them

with interventions, approaches and strategies that will enable them to

improve their social functioning with the end goal of reintegration to their

families and as productive members of their communities.

6
Statement of the Problem

This study aims to find out about the contributory factors to juvenile

leading to delinquency acts. It would sought answer to the following sub-

questions;

1) What is the demographic profile of the respondents?

1.1 Age

1.2 Sex

1.3 Economic Status

2) What are contributory factors to juvenile leading to delinquency

acts?

2.1 Education

2.2 Family Background

2.3 Social relation

2.4 Environmental factors

3) Is there any significant relationship between demographic profile and

factors leading to juvenile delinquency?

7
 4) Based from the findings of the study, what program maybe

proposed?

Theoretical Framework

This research ground in the Social control, family structure, and

juvenile delinquency in fragile families by Alison L. Van glad in 2018.

Families come in many different structures and sizes, therefore; it is critical

to examine how families impact children. Empirical research has shown

that a child’s upbringing has the potential to influence delinquent behavior.

However, existing literature using Fragile Families has not tested this

association at the most recent wave. This thesis examines the relationship

between family structure, relationships with parents, conventional beliefs,

parental incarceration and juvenile delinquency at age 15 using Hirschi’s

social control theory. Data from year 15 of Fragile Families and Child

Wellbeing is employed to test these relationships using ordinary least

aquares regression models. Models one through four were used to

investigate the impact of demographics, family structure, parental

8
attachment, parental involvement, and conventional beliefs on a

delinquency index. Model five includes all of the previous variables to

examine the significance of all variables together. Results indicate support

for social control theory’s bonds of attachment, involvement, and belief.

The family structures of two parent step- family and other caregiver are no

longer significant indicators of juvenile delinquency when parental

attachment is considered. These results have implications for family policy

in the areas of family relationship quality and parental incarceration.

The researches were inspired to examine the contributory factors to

juveniles leading to delinquency acts to enlighten the mind of the juvenile

not to do such act. It will evaluate the most common reason why juvenile

come up their behavior. Parents has important role to guide their children

therefore the relationship must there. The researchers will remind their

parents to give what is lack of them.

9
Conceptual Framework
A Paradigm of the Conceptual Framework of the Study

10
 Education
Contributory Factors to Juvenile
leading to Deliquent Acts

Family Background

Profile of the
Respondents

Social Relation

Environmental Factors

Figure 1.
Figure 1 shows that the Contributory Factors to Juvenile Leading to
Delinquency Acts includes education, family background, social relation
and environmental factors. These factors has relation together with the
demographic profile of the respondents.

Hypothesis

11
 The researcher hypothesis that there is significant relationship of

Education, Family background, Social relation, Environment into

delinquent respondent.

Scope and Delimitation

The subject of the study was the Child in Conflict with the Law

(CICL) section of San Nicolas West, Agoo, La Union. The respondents of

the study were the Juvenile Delinquent of San Nicolas West, Agoo La

Union. It will concentrated the factors which leads to delinquent acts of

juvenile. It will cover the education, family background, social relation and

environmental factors.

This study was delimited on the demographic-profile of juvenile

delinquent of San Nicolas West, Agoo, La Union. It covered a period of two

(2) semester from September to June 2024. The researcher was interested

in conducting the study because we want to understand and know why

juvenile do such acts.

Significance of study

12
 The result of this will be helpful to the following;

Juvenile delinquent. This study help them educate and understand that

those act is not accepted to the society.

Parents. The results of the study may encourage them to provide what is

lack of their child that leads to being delinquent.

National government. Findings of this study will help them to advocate

program to eliminate juvenile delinquency.

Researches. Finding of this study will serve as an instrument that will

guide the researches further understand the topic. Indeed, this research is

going to be main source of enlightenment that they need.

Future researches. Findings of this study will serve as a reference of their

study which related to juvenile delinquency.

Definition of Terms

13
 For a better understanding of this research report, the following

terms are conceptually and operationally defined:

Juvenile Delinquency a young people under 18 who do such delinquent

act.

Juvenile the respondents of the study which will help the researchers to

fulfill the study.

Juvenile Delinquency Factors the main view of the study finding the

bigger factor of being juvenile delinquent.

Delinquent the action or the behavior of the juvenile that is not acceptable

to the society which leads to community crime.

Social relation the relationship of the respondents to the people

surrounding her/him. Such family, friends, and other group of people.

Environmental Factors is the situation of the neighborhood of where

she/he lived.

This will make sense especially to the state of mind. This will give

bigger impact to the behavior of the juvenile family background of the

family will reflect to the child, why he/she come up to the situation.

CHAPTER II

14
Review and Related Literature and Studies

There are many factors at the micro and macro societal levels which

could become sources of delinquency. At the micro social environment, the

family is considered a key factor behind children’s indulgence in

delinquency, resulting from the interaction between personality traits and

familial relationships Rathinabalan and Naaraayan (2017). Other socio-

economic and psychological indicators include parents' background,

behavior, and approaches to discipline their children as well as family

structure and characteristics (Ahmed & Murtaza, 2016).

In order to investigate the effects of parental monitoring, parental

involvement, ethnicity, and being U.S born on juvenile violent and non-

violent delinquency, an analysis was run using a public data set from The

National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (ADD). Prior

research has focused on the types of juvenile delinquent behaviors but not

specifically how their social environments are related to these behaviors. It

was hypothesized that social influences and/or factors such as parental

monitoring, parental involvement, ethnicity, and being U.S born will all be

associated with juvenile delinquent behaviors. The findings of the study

showed no significant associations between parental monitoring and

15
parental involvement with juvenile violent and nonviolent behavior.

However, there do tend to be trends indicating that the lower the parental

involvement the more likely the juvenile had non-violent behaviors. The

research also shows a significant association between U.S born juveniles

and violent juvenile delinquency. Keywords: Juvenile, juvenile delinquency,

non-violent behaviors, violent behaviors, public school, private school,

family structure, family type. Factors that Contribute to Juvenile

Delinquency (Olivia & Dunn, 2017).

Moreover there are a variety of factors contributing to the

delinquency of juveniles. This study examined Los Angeles Risk and

Resiliency Checkup (LARCC) to determine the frequency and percentage

of protective and risk factors regarding delinquency, education, family,

peers, and substance use and the individual. This study included 40

LARRC records from juveniles on probation at Los Angeles Probation

South Central Gang Unit. Risk factors that contributed to juvenile

delinquency ranged from absentee parents, significant crime in the

neighborhood, gang affiliation, and drug and alcohol use. Protective factors

that helped juveniles resist delinquent behavior ranged from a supportive

community, positive interaction with teachers, family support, pro-social

peer relations, and able to manage stress well. Results indicated no

16
significant correlation between the number of prior arrests and the risk

level for male offenders. Social control, family structure, and juvenile

delinquency in fragile families (Alison & Crosby, 2017).

Also, families come in many different structures and sizes, therefore;

it is critical to examine how families impact children. Empirical research

has shown that a child’s upbringing has the potential to influence

delinquent behavior. However, existing literature using Fragile Families

has not tested this association at the most recent wave. This thesis

examines the relationship between family structure, relationships with

parents, conventional beliefs, parental incarceration and juvenile

delinquency at age 15 using Hirschi’s social control theory. Data from year

15 of Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing is employed to test these

relationships using ordinary least squares regression models. Models one

through four were used to investigate the impact of demographics, family

structure, parental attachment, parental involvement, and conventional

beliefs on a delinquency index. Model five includes all of the previous

variables to examine the significance of all variables together. Results

indicate support for social control theory’s bonds of attachment,

involvement, and belief. The family structures of two parent step-family and

other caregiver are no longer significant indicators of juvenile delinquency

17
when parental attachment is considered. These results have implications

for family policy in the areas of family relationship quality and parental

incarceration (Glad, 2018).

In comparison, delinquency has traditionally been viewed as a male

phenomenon, often defined in androcentric terms, and neglecting females

in studies regarding delinquent behavior. However, females are the fastest

growing subpopulation of the correction population, which amplifies the

importance of understanding the nature and etiology of their offending.

Recent research has suggested that predictors of male juvenile

delinquency do not adequately explain delinquency in females, because

the androcentric research ignores the damaging impact of sexual

childhood abuse and other prominent family factors on female juvenile

delinquents. This study aimed to examine the impact of childhood parental

sexual abuse on female juvenile delinquency from a social developmental

perspective by testing a sub-model of the SDM using a longitudinal

database of child abuse and neglect (Nagle, 2019).

This study is aimed to measure the influence of youth employment,

children living in single parent families, children living in poverty and, youth

dropout, on juvenile violent and property arrests. The study was conducted

18
through quantitative research methods, which focused on using secondary

data, related to the issues in question. Analysis of the data was conducted

to determine if there is a statistically significant relationship between youth

employment, children living in single parent families, children living in

poverty and, youth dropout, on juvenile violent and property arrests.

Consequently, the study found that youth employment influenced juvenile

violent and property crime arrests. Children living in single parent families

influenced juvenile violent crime arrests but did not show any statistically

significant relationship with property crime arrests. Haigh school dropout

and children living in poverty did not show a statistically significant

relationship with juvenile violent and property crime arrests (Almutairi,

2017).

Juvenile delinquency is a global phenomenon, and interest in

comparative studies of juvenile offending and society’s reaction to it has

been steadily growing, despite the inherent difficulties of comparing

juvenile justice processes across different regions. Both adolescence and

the concept of juvenile delinquency are social constructs that vary by time

and place. To know what constitutes a juvenile, or a delinquent act,

requires detailed knowledge of a jurisdiction’s social, political, cultural, and

legal history. International data in the form of officially recorded contact of

19
juveniles with formal institutions are scarce, and they are often limited in

their use for direct comparisons, due to divergent definitions and recording

practices, or coverage of geographical regions. The United Nations

Surveys on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems

(UN-CTS) have the widest geographical reach, but lack transparency of

definitions or verification (Neissl & Singer, 2020).

According to (Alcantara, 2019) in answering the possible reasons

behind juvenile delinquency in Manila, Philippines and the problems with

regards to juvenile justice, the researcher identify first the problems with

juvenile justice wherein the Republic Act 9344 under Section 6 contradicts

the bill that lowering the minimum age when it comes to responsibility in

crime from eighteen years old to twelve years old (18-12 years old) and the

absence of counsel for the minor in order for them to realize that their

actions always have consequences. With that, numerous minors are

growing into adulthood in many municipal and provincial jail. Next are the

causes and reasons behind why children or teenagers become juvenile

delinquents—where they experience bad family relationship, lack of

communication between the parent and the child, lack of finances, lack of

social and moral training and substance abuse such as use of drugs,

alcohol and etc.

20
 In the report written (Conde, 2019) the Philippine government is one

step closer to prosecuting young children as adults, a key plank in

President Rodrigo Duterte’s abuse-ridden anti-crime campaign. On

Monday, a congressional committee approved a bill that would lower the

age of criminal responsibility from 15 to 9. If the Senate makes good on its

promise to pass this version, and it’s signed into law by the president, this

would no doubt worsen the plight of Filipino children caught up in the

justice system. Proponents of the bill argue that children would be better

protected from criminals who are trying to exploit them. But the law’s

impact would be punitive: children from 14 to 9 who commit serious crimes

such as murder, illegal detention, or “carnapping,” or violate the country’s

draconian drug laws can be sentenced to “mandatory confinement” of up

to 12 years. The national Commission on Human Rights denounced the

bill, saying that “punishing children for the crime and abuse of syndicates

and other people is against the state’s responsibility to look after the

interests and welfare of children.” The Philippines representative of the

United Nations children’s organization, UNICEF, cited neuroscientific

research that shows that the brain is still developing into the mid-20s,

including the ability to inhibit impulses, weigh consequences of decisions,

prioritize, and strategize.

21
 In a local study (N.a, 2022) it was discovered that a typical Filipino

delinquent is usually a male between 14 to the prevalence of juvenile

delinquency is primarily due to poverty, according to the Philippine

National Police (PNP) considering that theft is the common offense

committed by children. Some of the latest juvenile delinquency statistics

include: In 2012, police arrested 182 violent juvenile offenders for every

100,000 juveniles. Attitude, Legislation and Litigation towards Students,

Outline How Legislation, Policies and Procedures. Child – refers to a

person under the age of eighteen (18) years old He, together with 3 of his

friends, is accused of murder for killing a member of a rival gang in 2014 –

a crime punishable by reclusion Perpetua. Philippine Standard

Classification of Crime for Statistical Purposes (PSCCS) Inventory of

Statistical Standards in the Philippines (ISSiP) Civil Registration It is easy

to change under a controlled and healthy place.

22
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

The descriptive method of research is a quantitative method of

research that collects data from the respondent and would be subject to

statistical analysis. Descriptive studies are used to described the behavior

of a sample population the three (3) main purpose of descriptive research

are describing, explaining and validating the finding (kakka, 2019).

Research Locale

The study conducted at San Nicolas West Agoo, La Union. The

respondents would be answered a survey questionnaire in any comfortable

place where they would choose to. The researchers also gathered data to

the respondents residing in the same Barangay. The researchers chose

the place because it will give the researchers the needed information for

the juveniles. The study will be conducted in the first semester year 2023-

2024.

23
Sample and Sampling Technique

The researcher intends to use purposive sampling. According to

(Pillai & kaushai, 2020), purposive sampling, also known as judgment,

selective or subjective sampling, is a sampling technique in which the

researcher relies on his her or judgment when choosing members of a

population to participate in the study. Purposive sampling occurs when

elements selected for the sample are chosen by the judgment of the

researcher. Researcher often believe that they can obtain a representative

sample by using a sound judgment, which will result in saving time and

money.

The study would help us and the respondents to come up with a

solution about the juvenile to know the answer to the question we prepared

for respondents in a barangay. According to what we discussed together

we will have is respondent.

Research Instrument

24
 For sets of survey questionnaire were prepared by the researchers.

The first set was prepared for juvenile delinquent of San Nicolas West

Agoo, La Union. The first part determined the demographic profile of the

respondents in terms of age group, sex, and economic status. The second

part was contributory factors to juveniles leading to delinquency acts and it

was divided into four parts. Those are family, education, social relation and

environmental factors. The third part shows if there is any significant

relationship between demographic profile and factors leading to juvenile

delinquency. And lastly, the recommended programs to prevent juvenile

delinquent acts.

Data Gathering Procedure

The following procedures were undertaken in gathering data after

the validation of the instrument.

1. Prepared and submitted the needed communication letter for the

residents of San Nicolas West Agoo La Union.

2. The researcher disseminated the questionnaires to respondents.

3. The researchers collected the answered instrument.

4. Sorted and tallied response.

25
 5. The researchers tabulated and computed the data that has been

gathered with the assistance of our adviser and thesis professor,

and

6. Analyzed and presented the data in textual and tabular forms with

due consideration of the sub-problems and hypothesis of this study.

STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

The following statistical procedures was used to achieve an in-depth

evaluation of data in order to make the results of this study clear to

everyone:

1. The percentage technique used in analyzing and evaluating the

data profile of the respondents using the formula;

F
P
x100
=
N
Where:

P – Percentage

26
 f – Frequency obtained from the count of responses

N – Total number of respondents

100– Constant value of factor

The Average Weighted Mean (AWM) was utilized to measure

the central tendency in the interpretation of the issues being discussed in

the study which will be assessed by the respondents. The average

weighted mean refers to the accumulated responses which determine the

corresponding weight using the formula:

∑fx
WM =
N
Where:

WM – Weighted Mean

∑ – Summation Symbol

f – Frequency obtained from the count of responses

x – Weight of each value of the scale

N – Total number of respondents

27
 Likert scale. This treatment was used to determine the analysis of

the respondent’s assessment in the contributory factors to juvenile’s

delinquency acts in San Nicolas West, Agoo La Union.

Ethical Considerations

In this study, the information that was revealed was treated with

confidentiality. No other persons including the members of the panel had

the access to the information without the permission from the participants.

Confidential information was not also included in the transcripts of the

interview. Further, the information that was revealed was used for this

research only. Prior to the survey questionnaire, consent, assent, and

declaration of non-disclosure forms were provided. The contents of these

forms were fully explained to the participants, parents and/or

representatives and if necessary were explained in a manner that the

28
participants, parents and/or representatives were understood the risks and

benefits of participating in this study. By signing the informed consent and

the assent forms, the participants voluntarily agree to participate in the

interview. No remuneration or any forms of reward were given to them.

Such acts of volunteerism however, were maintained throughout the

conduct of interview and actual observation. In case that the participants

withdraw his participation in this study, he was not forced to continue from

participating and the interview notes and audio recordings were to be

turned over to the participants and any information that the participants

have provided in the manuscript was not used. The researchers did their

best to erase traces of the participants upon withdrawal from participating.

Further, the transcripts of the interview were kept and these shall be

destroyed after two years. Lastly, anonymity of the participants was

maintained throughout the study. Their names were not be divulged in this

study and no identifying statement has made that shall point at him as the

source of the information. Therefore, coding was designated to each of the

participants.

29
 CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

This presents the tabulated information of the gathered data which

includes the analysis as well as the interpretation of the results that

specifically answers the following questions:

Problem No. 1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in

terms of sex; age; and economic status?

30
 Table 1

Percentage Distribution of Respondents in terms of Sex.

Sex Frequency Percentage%

Male 0 0

Female 30 100%

TOTAL: 30 100

Table 1. Shows the percentage distribution of Juvenile Delinquent in

terms of sex. All of the respondents are female or 100%. The respondents

are all female because they are from Home for Girls located at San Nicolas

West, Agoo, La Union.

Table 2

Percentage Distribution of Juvenile Delinquent in terms of Age

Age Frequency Percentage%

7-12 0 0

13-15 10 33.33

16-17 20 66.67

31
 TOTAL 30 100

Table 2 shows the percentage distribution of juvenile delinquent in

terms of age. Majority of the respondents are 16-17 years old with 20

respondents or 66.67%; and 13-15 years with 10 respondents or 33.33%.

Table 3

Percentage Distribution of Juvenile Delinquent in terms of Economic

Status.

Economic Status Frequency Percentage%

Poor 18 60

32
 Average 12 40

Rich 0 0

TOTAL 30 100

Table 3 shows the percentage distribution of juvenile delinquent in

terms of economic status. Majority of the respondents are poor with 18

respondents or 60% and average with 12 respondents or 40%.

Problem No. 2. Respondents’ Evaluation on Factors to Juvenile

Leading to Delinquency Acts in terms of, Family; Education; Social

Relation and Environmental Factors.

Table 4

Respondents’ Evaluation on Factors to Juvenile Leading to

Delinquency Acts in terms of Family.

33
 A. Family Results Mean Interpretation

Lack of moral guidance and 20 2.93 Agree

supervision

Violence at home 14 2.8 Agree

Broken family 20 2.67 Agree

Bad home condition 14 2.67 Agree

Composite Mean 2.77 Agree

Table 4 shows respondent’s evaluation on Factors to Juvenile

Leading to Delinquency Acts in terms of Family. First in the list is the lack

of moral guidance and supervision with a mean of 2.93. Seconded is the

violence at home with a mean of 2.8. Third and fourth list is the broken

family and bad home condition with the same mean 2.67.

Table 5

Respondents’ Evaluation on Factors to Juvenile Leading to

Delinquency Acts in terms of Education.

B. Education Results Mean Interpretation

Poor educational quality 20 3.07 Agree

Failing grade levels 22 3 Agree

34
Poor student-teacher relationship 16 2.73 Agree

Early drop-out from school 16 2.8 Agree

Composite Mean 2.9 Agree

Table 5 shows the respondents evaluation on Factors to Juvenile

Leading to Delinquency Acts in terms of education. First in the list is the

poor educational quality with a highest mean of 3.07. Second in the list is

the failing grade levels with a mean of 3. Third in the list is the poor

student-teacher relationship with a mean of 2.73. Lastly is the early drop-

out from school with a mean of 2.8.

Table 6

Respondents’ Evaluation on Factors to Juvenile Leading to

Delinquency Acts in Terms of Social Relationship.

C. Social Relationship Results Mean Interpretation

Unstable neighborhoods 14 2.33 Agree

Early exposure to violence 16 2.33 Agree

35
 Peer pressure for deviance 16 3.07 Agree

Poverty 18 3 Agree

Composite Mean 2.68 Agree

Table 6 shows the respondents evaluation on Factors to Juvenile

Leading to Delinquency Acts in Terms of Social Relationship. First in our

list is the unstable neighborhoods of the respondents with a mean of 2.33.

The second list is the early exposure to violence with the same mean 2.33.

The third one is the peer pressure for deviance with the highest mean of

3.07. Lastly, the poverty with a mean of 3.

Table 7

Respondents’ Evaluation on Factors to Juvenile Leading to

Delinquency Acts in Terms of Environmental Factors.

D. Environmental Factors Results Mean Interpretation

The neighborhood of juvenile can 16 2.93 Agree

affect the behaviour

The juveniles imitating what he/she 20 2.6 Agree

sees in the community

36
 Is he argumentative? 12 2.4 Agree

Are juveniles increasing in the 16 2.6 Agree

community?

Do the children involve have big 24 3 Agree

impact on what is happening in your
barangay?
2.71 Agree
Composite Mean

Table 7 shows the respondents evaluation on Factors to Juvenile

Leading to Delinquency Acts in Terms of Environmental Factors. First in

the list is the neighborhood of juvenile can affect the behavior with a

highest mean of 2.93. The juveniles imitating what he/she sees in the

community and if the juveniles increasing in the community with a mean of

2.6. The third one if the juvenile is

argumentative with a mean of 2.4. Lastly, if the children involve have big

impact on what is happening in your barangay with a highest mean of 3.

Problem No. 3. If there is any significant relationship between

demographic profile and factors leading to juvenile delinquency.

Table 8

E. Demographic Profile Results Mean Interpretation

The age of the person is a significant 18 3 Agree

37
 factor in what delinquent acts can be
committed?

The sex of the juvenile is a significant 2.8

factor in what delinquent acts can be 20 Agree
committed?

Being poor can cause you to do 2.93

delinquent acts? 12 Strongly Disagree

Having an average family can cause 3.27

them to do such delinquent acts. 16 Agree

Having a rich family can cause you to 2.47

commit delinquent acts. 10 Agree

Composite Mean 2.89

Agree

Table 8 shows the significant relationship between demographic

profile and factors leading to juvenile delinquency. First in list is the age of

the person is a significant factor in what delinquent acts can be committed

with a mean of 3. Second in the list is the sex of the juvenile is a significant

factor in what delinquent acts can be committed with a mean of 2.8. The

third one is being poor can cause you to do delinquent acts with a mean of

2.93. Having an average family can cause them to do such delinquent acts

38
with a mean of 2.93. Lastly, having a rich family can cause you to commit

delinquent acts 3.27.

Problem No. 4. Based from the findings of the study, what program

maybe proposed?

Table 9

F. Programs/Activities
Parent-child interaction program 22 3.73 Strongly Agree
Bullying Prevention Program 22 3.73 Strongly Agree

39
Education 16 3.33 Agree
After School Programs 18 3.13 Strongly Agree
Sports 18 3.6 Strongly Agree
Family Day 14 3.27 Agree

Composite Mean 3.47 Strongly Agree

Table 9 shows the findings of the study and the programs be

proposed. The parent-child interaction and bullying prevention program

with a highest mean of 3.73. Second in the list is the education with a

mean of 3.33. Next is the after school program with a mean 3.13. The

sports program with a mean of 3.13. Lastly is the family day with a mean of

3.27.

CHAPTER V

FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of Findings

40
 Our 30 respondents are female and majority of their age is 16-17,

the other 10 respondents answered their age are 13-15. Majority of the

respondents are poor while the 12 others are average in terms of the

economic status.

In the family part, Out of 30 respondents 20 respondents or 66.67 %

agreed they are lack of moral guidance and supervision and broken

families. While violence in bad home conditions had a lower response rate

of agree. Some answered strongly agree, strongly disagree, and the least

number of responses was disagree.

In the area of education, out of 30 respondents 22 of 73.33% agreed

they have failing grade levels. The poor quality education got 20 total of

agree. Poor student-teacher relationships and early dropout rates have the

same total of agree, which is 16, and some answered strongly agree,

strongly disagree, and the least responses was disagree.

Also in the part of social relation, poverty is the highest total of agree

with 60%, while peer pressure for deviance and early exposure to violence

has the same, it has 16 total of agree, unstable neighborhoods are the

least number of agrees; the others answered strongly disagree, strongly

agree, and the least number is disagree.

41
 On the part of environmental factors, the children involved have a

big impact on what is happening in the barangay has the highest number

of total of agree with 24 or 80%. The second to the highest number of total

agree is the juveniles imitating what he or she sees in the community, and

the neighborhood of juveniles can affect the behavior and is given as

increasing in the community has the same total of agree, the lowest

number of agree is argumentative. And the other answers are strongly

agree, strongly disagree, and disagree.

Out of 30 respondents, 20 of the respondents answered the sex of

the juvenile has a significant factors in what delinquent acts can be

committed and has a mean of 28.

The programs may be recommended to the respondents was

parent-child interaction program and bullying prevention program has the

equal result, those are the highest mean which is 3.73

Conclusions

Based on the foregoing discussions of findings, it was concluded that;

1. The respondents of the study were predominantly 16- 17 years

old, females and their economic status are poor.

42
 2. A majority percentage of family factor are lack of moral guidance

and supervision and respondents have broken families. Also in educational

factor, the respondents have failing grades in school. In addition social

relation factor, poverty has the highest number of total of number. Lastly,

environmental factors, the neighborhood of juvenile can affect the behavior

is the highest mean for this factor

3. The sex of the juvenile has a significant factors in what delinquent

acts can be committed and has a mean of 28.

4. Majority of the respondents recommended that they should have

parent-child interaction program and bullying prevention program to

prevent in wrong activities.

Recommendations

Based on the findings and conclusions drawn, the following

recommendations are made:

43
 1. Attendance to therapy management and behavioral management

seminars and trainings by the parents and juveniles are appreciated.

2. For the Barangay officials, it is suggested to have sport and

physical activity program for the benefit of the youth of their barangay. The

programs will help to lessen the occurrence of youth’s delinquent behavior.

3. Different livelihood program is also suggested to conduct that will

give earnings to the youth and also to avoid in committing crime such as

stealing, vagrancy and bullying.

4. It is recommended to Barangay officials the reimplementation of

the program specifically the activities in addressing substance abuse of

youth like seminars, film showing, etc.

5. To parents, to give support, guide and encourage their children in

joining activities for the youths.

REFERENCES

De Cadiz (2013). Relevance and Sustainability of Master in Rural

Development Projects in Improving Rural Communities in the Philippines.
https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/86633386/Relevance-and-

44
Sustainability-of-Master-in-Rural-Development-Projects-inImproving-Rural-
Communities-with-cover-page-v2

Ahmed & Murtaza (2016) J.D.C Lobos faculty journal, Vol 7(2018)
https://www.studocu.com

Crosby (2017). Factors That Contribute to Juvenile Delinquency.

https://libguides.dlsu.edu.ph/c.php?g=939096&p=6797264

Fields (2017). Philippine Youth Gangs and Delinquent: An Overview.

https://www.ijisrt.com/assets/upload/files/IJISRT20MAY895.pdf

Nagle (2019). Examination of Relationship between Child Abuse Type,

Gender, and Violence in Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Dependency
Subjects.
https://libguides.dlsu.edu.ph/c.php?g=939096&p=6797264

Neissl & Singer (2020). Juvenile Delinquency in an International Context.

https://oxfordre.com/criminology/view/10.1093/acrefore/
9780190264079.001.0001/acrefore-9780190264079-e-567

Glad (2018). Social Control, Family Structure, and Juvenile Delinquency in

Fragile Families.
https://libguides.dlsu.edu.ph/c.php?g=939096&p=6797264

N.a. (2020). Local studies about juvenile delinquency in the Philippines.

https://www.rlisty.eu/8qh7fuy/fc1caa-local-studies-about-juvenile

Almutairi (2017). Economic and Sociological Indicators for Juvenile

Delinquency and Arrest. https://libguides.dlsu.edu.ph/c.php?
g=939096&p=6797264

Conde (2019). Children in the Philippines as Crime Scapegoats.

https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/01/22/children-philippines-crime-
scapegoats

Alcantara (2019). Juvenile Delinquency in Manila, Philippines

https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/61388064/JD20191201-84393-
107c0qi-with-cover-page v2

45
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/cvict.htm

https://www.researchgate.net › 3534…

https://www.researchgate.net

https://cod.pressbohttps://cod.pressbooks.pub

46
 APPENDICES

APPENDIX A
LETTER OF PERMISSION TO CONDUCT STUDY
November 29, 2023

REGINA A. BULATAO
Head Officer

47
DSWD Home for Girls
San Nicolas, Agoo, La Union

Dear Ms. Bulatao,

The undersigned researcher are fourth year students of Bachelor of Science in
Criminology at Polytechnic College of La Union. We are currently working on our
research paper entitled, “Contributory Factors to Juveniles Leading to
Delinquency Acts”. This is to know what program be recommended in
preventing juvenile delinquency.
In line with this, we are requesting for you to allow us to conduct the study about
the Contributory Factors to Juveniles Leading to Delinquency Acts.
If you have any question and concern, kindly contact us at +639695423833. Your
support and approval on this matter is greatly appreciated.

Thank you very much.

Respectfully yours,

JORIELYN M. DOMINGO
Researcher Leader

Noted by:

DESIRE G. ESTRADA JD, PH.D.CJ NELSON E. FONBUENA, MS

CRIM
Research adviser Dean - College of Criminology

APPENDIX B

INFORMED CONSENT FORM

As a participant of the study, you are warmly invited to take part in an actual
qualitative research activity entitled Contributory Factor to Juveniles Leading

48
to Delinquency Acts. You are free to decide either to participate or to withdraw
at any time during the entire conduct of the study.

You are allowed to clarify matters while the research process is taking place and
to validate findings towards the end part of the whole process. Be assured that
your name will not be associated with any research findings. Likewise, your
identity as a participant will be confidential. Direct quotations may be undertaken
in this research, however rest assured that your statements will be appropriately
followed and highly respected.

The process of this study is to evoke your thoughts, feelings, insights, and
experiences about the topic/theme under study. The ultimate benefit that you will
obtain from participating in this study is the acquisition of direct experience on
how to undertake a qualitative research.

In this research, the one involved in drawing out information is the researcher.
Information is gathered via survey questionnaire. Discomfort known in this study
may include possibility of having conflicting ideas, viewpoints and standpoints.
Be assured though that the researcher is equipped with adequate knowledge and
skills in drawing out information to ensure convergence and respect of views
judgments and experiences.

Please affix your signature herein below to signify your consent and full
knowledge of the nature and purpose of the study and its procedures. A copy of
this consent form will be given to you for you to keep.

_______________________________________
Signature above the name of the Participant

_________________
Date

APPENDIX C

November 30, 2023

Dear Respondents:

49
The undersigned is conducting a study on the Contributory Factors to Juveniles
Leading to Delinquency Acts. This is in partial fulfillment of the requirements
leading to the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Criminology.

In line with this, may we request you to honestly answer the questionnaire
below? Rest assured that any information gathered from you as a result of this
study will be dealt with utmost confidentiality according to the ethics of research
and the Data Privacy Act of 2021 and will not be taken against you.

Thank you very much.

Survey Questionnaire
Please supply information on the following:
Name (optional): _____________________________
Date: ______________________________________
Direction: Indicated below are statements descriptive of the Contributory
Factors to Juveniles Leading to Delinquency Acts. Please check the space
below the given number which you perceive using with its descriptive
equivalent.
4- Strongly agree
3- Agree
2- Strongly Disagree
1- Disagree
Part I. Please supply information on the following:
Sex: ___ Male ___ Female

Age Group: ___7-12 ___ 13-15 ___ 16-17

Economic Status: ___ Rich ___ Average ___ Poor

Part II. Evaluation of Contributory Factors to Juveniles Leading to

Delinquency Acts.

50
 A. FAMILY 1 2 3 4

Lack of moral guidance and supervision

Violence at home

Broken family

Bad home condition

B. EDUCATION
Poor educational quality

Failing grade levels

Poor student-teacher relationship

Early drop-out from school

C. SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS
Unstable neighborhoods

Early exposure to violence

Peer pressure for deviance

Poverty

D. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
The neighborhood of juvenile can affect the behavior

The juveniles imitating what he/she sees in the community

Is he argumentative?

Are juveniles increasing in the community?

Do the children involve have big impact on what is happening

in your barangay?

Part III. Is there any significant relationship between demographic profile

and factors leading to juvenile delinquency?
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE 1 2 3 4

The age of the person is a significant factor in what

51
delinquent acts can be committed?

The sex of the juvenile is a significant factor in what

delinquent acts can be committed?

Being poor can cause you to do delinquent acts?

Having an average family can cause them to do such

delinquent acts.

Having a rich family can cause you to commit delinquent

acts.

Part IV. Based from the findings of the study, what program maybe
proposed?
PROGRAMS/ACTIVITIES 1 2 3 4

Parent-child interaction program

Bullying prevention program

Education

After school program

Sports

Family day

APPENDIX D

CERTIFICATION

52
 This is to certify that I have evaluated the instrument prepared by

Jorielyn Domingo, Jocelyn Manaiguay, Javee Lynne Bellosillo, Benson

Madriaga and Mark Jhervin Villanueva for research titled, “ Contributory

Factors to Juveniles Leading to Delinquency Acts” based on my

expertise.

______________________
PSSG RYAN E. PONCE

CURRICULUM VITAE

JORIELYN MABITAZAN DOMINGO

Rizal, Tubao, La Union

53
Cell Number: 09388611598
e-mail address: domingojorielyn@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION______________ ________

NICKNAME : Jhor
BIRTHDAY : November 2, 2001
BIRTHPLACE : Tubao, La Union
AGE : 22 years old
NATIONALITY : Filipino
RELIGION : Roman Catholic
CIVIL STATUS : Single
FATHER’S NAME : Reynante A. Domingo
MOTHER’S NAME : Jo Ann M. Domingo

------------------ -----EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND----------------------------

TERTIARY : POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE OF LA UNION

San Nicolas Sur, Agoo, La Union
Bachelor of Science in Criminology
2023 - present

SECONDARY : ANDUYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Anduyan, Tubao La Union
2018-2019

54
PRIMARY : RIZAL ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Rizal, Tubao, La Union
2012-2013

CURRICULUM VITAE

JOCELYN ABRIAS MANIGUAY

Sagampud st. Poblacion West, Pugo La Union

55
Cell Number: 09772106433
e-mail address: jocelynmaniguay02@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION____________ ________

NICKNAME : Banny
BIRTHDAY : April 22, 2002
BIRTHPLACE : Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya
AGE : 21 years old
NATIONALITY : Filipino
RELIGION : Roman Catholic
CIVIL STATUS : Single
FATHER’S NAME : Rogelio Maniguay
MOTHER’S NAME : Joan Maniguay

------------------ ------EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND---------------------------

TERTIARY : POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE OF LA UNION

San Nicolas Sur, Agoo, La Union
Bachelor of Science in Criminology
2023 - present

SECONDARY : PUGO CENTRAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Sitio Dacnap, Cares, Pugo La Union
2018-2019

56
PRIMARY : PUGO CENTRAL SCHOOL
Cares, Pugo La Union
2012-2013

CURRICULUM VITAE

JAVEE LYNNE LARON BELLOSILLO

57
Zone 5, Anduyan, Tubao, La Union
Cell Number: 09187472216
e-mail address: javeelynnebellosillo@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION___ _________ ________

NICKNAME : Ingkit
BIRTHDAY : September 18, 2001
BIRTHPLACE : Anduyan,Tubao, La Union
AGE : 22 years old
NATIONALITY : Filipino
RELIGION : Roman Catholic
CIVIL STATUS : Single
FATHER’S NAME : N/A
MOTHER’S NAME : Marlyn G. Laron
------------------ ---EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND------------------------------

TERTIARY : POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE OF LA UNION

San Nicolas Sur, Agoo, La Union
Bachelor of Science in Criminology
2023 - present

SECONDARY : ANDUYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Anduyan, Tubao La Union
2018-2019

58
 PRIMARY : ANDUYAN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Anduyan, Tubao, La Union
2012-2013

CURRICULUM VITAE

BENSON LAROYA MADRIAGA

59
Purok 5, Linapew, Tubao, La Union
Cell Number: 09096730936
e-mail address: madriagabenson052@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION____ ________ ________

NICKNAME : Bentong
BIRTHDAY : November 14, 2001
BIRTHPLACE : Linapew, Tubao, La Union
AGE : 22 years old
NATIONALITY : Filipino
RELIGION : Roman Catholic
CIVIL STATUS : Single
FATHER’S NAME : Edwin Madriaga
MOTHER’S NAME : Lanie Madriaga

------------------ ----EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND-----------------------------

TERTIARY : POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE OF LA UNION

San Nicolas Sur, Agoo, La Union
Bachelor of Science in Criminology
2023 - present

SECONDARY : PUGO CENTRAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Sitio Dacnap, Cares, Pugo La Union

60
 2018-2019

PRIMARY : LINAPEW ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Linapew, Tubao, La Union
2013-2014

CURRICULUM VITAE

MARK JHERVIN DACANAY VILLANUEVA

61
Sta. Rita West, Aringay, La Union
Cell Number: 09052121840
e-mail address: markjhervinvillanueva87@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION____________ ________

NICKNAME : Babs
BIRTHDAY : May 5, 2001
BIRTHPLACE : Aringay, La Union
AGE : 22 years old
NATIONALITY : Filipino
RELIGION : Roman Catholic
CIVIL STATUS : Single
FATHER’S NAME : Chito Villanueva
MOTHER’S NAME : Rosalia Villanueva

------------------ -----EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND----------------------------

TERTIARY : POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE OF LA UNION

San Nicolas Sur, Agoo, La Union
Bachelor of Science in Criminology
2023 - present

SECONDARY : NOTRE DAME INSTITUTE ( SHS)

Poblacion, Aringay, La Union

62
 2018-2019

PRIMARY : STA. RITA WEST ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Poblacion, Aringay, La Union
2012-2013

63