NEW HORIZON SCHOLARS SCHOOL, THANE

Grammar Exercise
Grade – 11
_________________________________________
Sentence Transformation
Q.1. Use the Active/ passive form of the verb given
in the bracket and get handy tips of road use.
1. Speed restrictions and highway codes………………(design) to
protect us.
2. Multitasking-makeup; messaging and making/attending phone
calls_____________(avoid)
3. Appropriate distance from other
vehicles___________(maintain).
4. On a two-wheeler you___________(ensure) to fix the helmet
strap.
5. If you are tired_____________(avoid)driving.
6. Other road users____________(observe) and
____________(anticipate)
7. You______(fine) for overloading. So do not exceed the number
of passengers allowed to travel in your vehicle.

Q.2. Change the voice in the following sentences.

1. The grandmother fed the dogs every day.
_______________________________________________.
2. The sparrows haven’t eaten the crumbs
_______________________________________________.
3. The people of Egypt love the pharaoh.
_______________________________________________.

4. Sue showed bravery in crisis.

__________________________________________________.
5. Teaching of moral values increases the value of schooling.
___________________________________________________.
6. Aram was not riding the horse in the beginning.
___________________________________________________.
7.Taploo is waiting for Mr. Crocker Harris.
___________________________________________________.
8. Virginia had helped the ghost.
____________________________________________________.
9.The shopkeeper didn’t give me the bill of purchase.
_____________________________________________________.
10. Ratna hadn’t noticed Ranga.
_____________________________________________________.
11.Did Mr. S steal things of narrator’s house?
_____________________________________________________.
12. Who is clicking mother’s photograph?
_____________________________________________________.
13. Has albert told a lie to the doctor?
______________________________________________________.
14. Will the rain sing a song again?
_______________________________________________________.
15. Who chose the new king?
________________________________________________________.
Tense ACTIVE PASSIVE
Present Simple I do my Homework My homework is done

Present I am doing my homework is being done

Continuous My homework
Past Simple I did my homework My homework was done
Past continuous I was doing my My homework was being
homework done
Present perfect I have done my My homework has been
homework done
Past perfect I had done my My homework had been
homework done
Future simple I will do my homework My homework will be
done
Future be going I’m going to do my My homework is going
to homework to be done
Modal I must do my My homework must be
homework done
Modal Perfect I should have done my My homework should
homework have been done

Q.3. Change the Voice of the verb

1. Who did the job?

2. Can you break the door?

3. Will she sing a song?
________________________________________________________
4. Is he speaking English?

5. Are you eating a Banana?

6. Why are you washing the car?

7.When will he give the money?

_______________________________________________________.
Where will he meet you?

9. How do you make a cake?

________________________________________________________.
10. Whom did you tell the story?
________________________________________________________.
11. He was struck by lightning.

12. I was quite shocked by the language that he used.

________________________________________________________.

Answer Key:

Q.1. Fill in the blanks with correct verb forms.

 1. Speed restrictions and highway codes are designed to protect us.
2. Multitasking-makeup; messaging and making/attending phone calls should
be avoided.
3. Appropriate distance from other vehicles should be maintained.
4. On a two-wheeler you should ensure to fix the helmet strap.
5. If you are tired avoid driving.
6. Other road users should be observed and anticipated.
7. You will be fined for overloading. So do not exceed the number of
passengers allowed to travel in your vehicle.

Q.2. Change the voice of the following sentences.

1. The grandmother fed the dogs every day. The dogs were fed by the
grandmother every day.
2. The sparrows haven’t eaten the crumbs The crumbs haven’t been eaten by
the sparrows.
3. The people of Egypt love the pharaoh. The pharaoh is loved by the people
of Egypt.
4. Sue showed bravery in crisis. Bravery was shown by Sue in crisis.
5. Teaching of moral values increases the value of schooling. The value of
schooling is increased by teaching of moral values.
6. Aram was not riding the horse in the beginning. The horse was not being
ridden by Aram in the beginning.
7. Taploo is waiting for Mr. Crocker Harris. Mr. Crocker Harris is being
waited for by Taploo.
8. Virginia had helped the ghost. The ghost had been helped by Virginia.
9. The shopkeeper didn’t give me the bill of purchase. I wasn’t given the bill
of purchase by the shopkeeper.
10. Ratna hadn’t noticed Ranga. Ranga hadn’t been noticed by Ratna.
11. Did Mr. S steal things of narrator’s house? Were things of narrator’s
house stolen by Mr. S?
12. Who is clicking mother’s photograph? Mother’s photograph is being
clicked by whom?
13. Has Albert told a lie to the doctor? Has a lie been told to the doctor by
Albert?
14. Will the rain sing a song again? Will a song be sung by the rain again?
15. Who chose the new king? By whom was the new king chosen?

Q.3. Change the voice of the verb.

1. Who did the job? By whom was the job done?

2. Can you break the door? Can the door be broken by you?
3. Will she sing a song? Will a song be sung by her?
4. Is he speaking English? Is English being spoken by him?
5. Are you eating a banana? Is a banana being eaten by you?
 6. Why are you washing the car? Why is the car being washed by you?
7. When will he give the money? When will the money be given by him?
8. Where will he meet you? Where will you be met by him?
9. How do you make a cake? How is a cake made by you?
10. Whom did you tell the story? Who was told the story by you?
11. He was struck by lightning. Lightning struck him.
12. I was quite shocked by the language that he used. The language that he
used quite shocked me.

Practice Exercises
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.
a) The soup would have tasted better, if you_____________ some more
salt. (add).
b) By whom __________ you ________ French? (teach)
c) This time tomorrow I _____________ on the beach in Singapore. (sit)
d) He _____________ happier if he were more honest. (be)
e) After the law _____________, this form of crime ceased. (pass)
Find out the errors in the following sentences and rewrite them correctly.
a) He gave me an advice but I refused to listen to him.
b) The introduction of tea and coffee and such other beverages haven’t
been without some effect.
c) The moment she will enter the room, we will start singing the birthday
song.
d) Me and him will have attended the meeting tomorrow.
Do as directed.
a) This question will be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. (Change the
Voice.)
b) Alfred was the best king that ever reigned in England. (Change into
Negative Sentence.)
c) He was unlucky and therefore met with a bad accident on the eve of his
examination. (Change into Simple Sentence.)
d) We must finish this exercise. There are still three sentences. (Join the
two sentences using an Infinitive.)

***************************************
Q.4. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in brackets.

1. She ___________ (study) for her exam right now.

2. He ___________ (visit) his grandparents last week.
3. They ___________ (watch) a movie when the phone rang.
4. She ___________ (not like) spicy food.
5. He ___________ (write) a letter to his friend yesterday.
6. They ___________ (play) soccer every weekend.
7. She ___________ (be) a doctor.
8. He ___________ (have) a big house in the city.
9. They ___________ (go) to the park tomorrow.
10. She ___________ (sing) very well.

Answers:
1. She is studying for her exam right now.
2. He visited his grandparents last week.
3. They were watching a movie when the phone rang.
4. She does not like spicy food.
5. He wrote a letter to his friend yesterday.
6. They play soccer every weekend.
7. She is a doctor.
8. He has a big house in the city.
9. They are going to the park tomorrow.
10. She sings very well.

Q.5. Identify the type of verb in each sentence. Choose from main verb,
auxiliary verb, modal verb, or phrasal verb.

1. He can speak three languages. (___________)

2. She is reading a book. (___________)
3. They have finished their homework. (___________)
4. He turned off the light. (___________)
5. She should study harder. (___________)
6. He ran away from the police. (___________)
7. She has a beautiful voice. (___________)
8. He was sleeping when I arrived. (___________)
9. They will help you if you ask. (___________)
10. She looked up the word in the dictionary. (___________)

Answers:
1. He can speak three languages. (modal verb)
2. She is reading a book. (auxiliary verb)
3. They have finished their homework. (auxiliary verb)
 4. He turned off the light. (main verb)
5. She should study harder. (modal verb)
6. He ran away from the police. (phrasal verb)
7. She has a beautiful voice. (main verb)
8. He was sleeping when I arrived. (auxiliary verb)
9. They will help you if you ask. (modal verb)
10. She looked up the word in the dictionary. (phrasal verb)

What is the Main Verb, Auxiliary verb, and Modal verb

 A main verb is a verb that expresses the main action or state of being in a sentence.
For example, in the sentence “She sings very well.”, the main verb is sings.
 An auxiliary verb is a verb that is used together with a main verb to create various
tenses, moods, and voices. For example, in the sentence “She is singing very well.”,
the auxiliary verb is is and the main verb is singing.
 A modal verb is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to indicate modality, such as
possibility, necessity, or permission. For example, in the sentence “She can sing very
well.”, the modal verb is can and the main verb is sing.

Some examples of main verbs are: run, eat, sleep, etc. Some examples of auxiliary verbs are:
be, have, do, etc. Some examples of modal verbs are: can, could, shall, should, will, would,
may, might, must, etc.

Q.6. Find out the errors in the following sentences and rewrite them correctly.

 Incorrect: He don’t know how to swim.

o Correct: He doesn’t know how to swim.
o Explanation: The verb don’t is incorrect for a singular subject. It
should be doesn’t.
 Incorrect: She is very happy, because she have a new bike.
o Correct: She is very happy, because she has a new bike.
o Explanation: The verb have is incorrect for a singular subject. It
should be has.
 Incorrect: They was late for the meeting.
o Correct: They were late for the meeting.
o Explanation: The verb was is incorrect for a plural subject. It should
be were.
 Incorrect: I have ate my lunch already.
o Correct: I have eaten my lunch already.
o Explanation: The verb ate is incorrect for the present perfect tense. It
should be eaten, which is the past participle form.
 Incorrect: She can sings very well.
o Correct: She can sing very well.
 o Explanation: The verb sings is incorrect after a modal verb. It should
be sing, which is the base form.
 Incorrect: He is more smarter than his brother.
o Correct: He is smarter than his brother.
o Explanation: The adjective smarter is incorrect with the word more.
It should be smarter, which is the comparative form.
 Incorrect: She has been study hard for the exam.
o Correct: She has been studying hard for the exam.
o Explanation: The verb study is incorrect for the present perfect
continuous tense. It should be studying, which is the present
participle form.
 Incorrect: He went to the market and buy some fruits.
o Correct: He went to the market and bought some fruits.
o Explanation: The verb buy is incorrect for the past tense. It should be
bought, which is the past tense form.

Q.7. Do as Directed

a) This question will be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. (Change the Voice.)

The voice of this sentence is already passive, so to change it to active, we need to

do the following:

 Move the subject of the passive sentence (this question) to the end of the
sentence and add the preposition “by” before it.
 Remove the auxiliary verb “be” (will be) and change the main verb
(discussed) to its base form (discuss).
 Add a new subject at the beginning of the sentence that makes sense in the
context.

The active voice of this sentence could be:

 They will discuss this question at the meeting tomorrow.

 We will discuss this question at the meeting tomorrow.
 The committee will discuss this question at the meeting tomorrow.

Here are some more examples of do as directed questions and answers:

b) She wrote a letter to her friend. (Change the Voice.)

The voice of this sentence is active, so to change it to passive, we need to do the

following:

 Move the object of the active sentence (a letter) to the beginning of the
sentence.
  Add the auxiliary verb “be” (was) before the main verb (wrote) and change
the main verb to its past participle form (written).
 Add the preposition “by” and the subject of the active sentence (she) at the
end of the sentence.

The passive voice of this sentence is:

 A letter was written by her to her friend.

c) The door was opened by him. (Change the Voice.)

The voice of this sentence is passive, so to change it to active, we need to do the

following:

 Move the subject of the passive sentence (him) to the beginning of the
sentence and remove the preposition “by”.
 Remove the auxiliary verb “be” (was) and change the main verb (opened) to
its base form (open).
 Move the object of the passive sentence (the door) to the end of the
sentence.

The active voice of this sentence is:

 He opened the door.

Examples of sentences that have different verb tenses and how to change their
voice:

 Present Simple Tense

o Active: He loves her.
o Passive: She is loved by him.
 Present Continuous Tense
o Active: They are playing chess.
o Passive: Chess is being played by them.
 Present Perfect Tense
o Active: She has finished her homework.
o Passive: Her homework has been finished by her.
 Present Perfect Continuous Tense
o Active: He has been studying for the exam.
o Passive: The exam has been being studied for by him.
 Past Simple Tense
o Active: She wrote a letter.
o Passive: A letter was written by her.
 Past Continuous Tense
o Active: He was driving the car.
 o Passive: The car was being driven by him.
 Past Perfect Tense
o Active: They had left the party.
o Passive: The party had been left by them.
 Past Perfect Continuous Tense
o Active: She had been working hard.
o Passive: Hard work had been being done by her.
 Future Simple Tense
o Active: He will buy a new car.
o Passive: A new car will be bought by him.
 Future Continuous Tense
o Active: They will be singing a song.
o Passive: A song will be being sung by them.
 Future Perfect Tense
o Active: She will have cooked the dinner.
o Passive: The dinner will have been cooked by her.
 Future Perfect Continuous Tense
o Active: He will have been living in this house for ten years.
o Passive: This house will have been being lived in by him for ten
years.

Some examples of changing the voice, simple sentences, complex sentence, and
negative sentences. Here are some examples:

 Change the voice: This means to change a sentence from active voice to
passive voice or vice versa, without changing its meaning. For example:
o Active: She loves him.
o Passive: He is loved by her.
o Passive: The cake was baked by her.
o Active: She baked the cake.
 Simple sentence: This is a sentence that has only one independent clause,
which means it has one subject and one predicate. For example:
o She sings very well.
o He ran away.
 Complex sentence: This is a sentence that has one independent clause and
one or more dependent clauses, which means it has a main clause and one or
more subordinate clauses. For example:
o She is happy because she has a new bike. (The dependent clause is
“because she has a new bike”.)
o When he arrived, they were watching a movie. (The dependent clause
is “when he arrived”.)
 Negative sentence: This is a sentence that expresses a negation or denial of
something. For example:
o She does not like spicy food.
o He will not buy a new car.