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Form 1

The document contains mathematical formulae related to algebra, quadratic equations, arithmetic and geometric progressions, factorials, and expansions of binomial expressions. Some key formulae include: 1) The formula for expanding (a + b)2 and (a - b)2. 2) The formulae for the roots of a quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0. 3) The formulae for the nth term and sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic progression and geometric progression. 4) The formula for expanding (a + b)n as a polynomial involving terms of an, bn, and intermediate terms with coefficients that are binomial coefficients.

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Prashant Patel
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66 views

Form 1

The document contains mathematical formulae related to algebra, quadratic equations, arithmetic and geometric progressions, factorials, and expansions of binomial expressions. Some key formulae include: 1) The formula for expanding (a + b)2 and (a - b)2. 2) The formulae for the roots of a quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0. 3) The formulae for the nth term and sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic progression and geometric progression. 4) The formula for expanding (a + b)n as a polynomial involving terms of an, bn, and intermediate terms with coefficients that are binomial coefficients.

Uploaded by

Prashant Patel
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATHEMATICAL FORMULAE Algebra 1. (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2 ; a2 + b2 = (a + b)2 2ab 2. (a b)2 = a2 2ab + b2 ; a2 + b2 = (a b)2 + 2ab 3. (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ca) 4.

) 4. (a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b); a3 + b3 = (a + b)3 3ab(a + b) 5. (a b)3 = a3 b3 3ab(a b); a3 b3 = (a b)3 + 3ab(a b) 6. a2 b2 = (a + b)(a b) 7. a3 b3 = (a b)(a2 + ab + b2 ) 8. a3 + b3 = (a + b)(a2 ab + b2 ) 9. an bn = (a b)(an1 + an2 b + an3 b2 + + bn1 ) 10. an = a.a.a . . . n times 11. am .an = am+n am 12. n = amn if m > n a =1 if m = n 1 = nm if m < n; a R, a = 0 a 13. (am )n = amn = (an )m 14. (ab)n = an .bn a n an 15. = n b b 16. a0 = 1 where a R, a = 0 1 1 17. an = n , an = n a a 18. ap/q = q ap 19. If am = an and a = 1, a = 0 then m = n 20. If an = bn where n = 0, then a = b 21. If x, y are quadratic surds and if a + x = y, then a = 0 and x = y 22. If x, y are quadratic surds and if a + x = b + y then a = b and x = y 23. If a, m, n are positive real numbers and a = 1, then loga mn = loga m+loga n m 24. If a, m, n are positive real numbers, a = 1, then loga = loga m loga n n 25. If a and m are positive real numbers, a = 1 then loga mn = n loga m logk a 26. If a, b and k are positive real numbers, b = 1, k = 1, then logb a = logk b 1 27. logb a = where a, b are positive real numbers, a = 1, b = 1 loga b 28. if a, m, n are positive real numbers, a = 1 and if loga m = loga n, then m=n
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29. if a + ib = 0

where i =

30. if a + ib = x + iy,

1, then a = b = 0 where i = 1, then a = x and b = y b + b , 2a 2a

31. The roots of the quadratic equation ax2 +bx+c = 0; a = 0 are

b2 4ac 2a

The solution set of the equation is where = discriminant = b2 4ac

32. The roots are real and distinct if > 0. 33. The roots are real and coincident if = 0. 34. The roots are non-real if < 0. 35. If and are the roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, a = 0 then b coe. of x = i) + = a coe. of x2 c constant term ii) = = a coe. of x2 36. The quadratic equation whose roots are and is (x )(x ) = 0 i.e. x2 ( + )x + = 0 i.e. x2 Sx + P = 0 where S =Sum of the roots and P =Product of the roots. 37. For an arithmetic progression (A.P.) whose rst term is (a) and the common dierence is (d). i) nth term= tn = a + (n 1)d ii) The sum of the rst (n) terms = Sn = where l =last term= a + (n 1)d. is (), i) nth term= tn = a n1 . ii) The sum of the rst (n) terms: Sn a(1 n) 1 a( n 1) = 1 = na = if < 1 if > 1 if = 1 . n n (a + l) = {2a + (n 1)d} 2 2

38. For a geometric progression (G.P.) whose rst term is (a) and common ratio

39. For any sequence {tn }, Sn Sn1 = tn where Sn =Sum of the rst (n) terms. 40. n (n + 1). 2 =1 n n 41. 2 = 12 + 22 + 32 + + n2 = (n + 1)(2n + 1). 6 =1 = 1 + 2 + 3 + + n =
n

3
n

42.
=1

3 = 13 + 23 + 33 + 43 + + n3 =

n2 (n + 1)2 . 4

43. n! = (1).(2).(3). . . . .(n 1).n. 44. n! = n(n 1)! = n(n 1)(n 2)! = . . . . . 45. 0! = 1. 46. (a + b)n = an + nan1 b + bn , n > 1. n(n 1) n2 2 n(n 1)(n 2) n3 3 a b + a b ++ 2! 3!

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