GIS-SMART ALERTING SYSTEMS

M.Mithra1,S.Padmasai2,S.Rechel3,S.JGhanapriyan4.
Abstract:
Landslides pose significant threats to human life, infrastructure, and the environment. Timely detection and
monitoring are crucial for mitigating these risks. This project presents a user-friendly Geographic Information
System (GIS) mapping system for landslide detection and monitoring. The system integrates satellite imagery,
terrain data, and machine learning algorithms to identify potential landslide areas. A web-based interface allows
users to input parameters, visualize results, and receive alerts. The system aims to enhance landslide risk assessment,
support early warning systems, and facilitate informed decision-making. By providing an intuitive and accessible
tool, this project bridges the gap between advanced technologies and practical applications, ultimately saving lives
and reducing economic losses.

Keywords: Landslide detection, GIS mapping, user interface,risk assessment, early warning system.

INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Landslides are a recurring natural hazard that poses significant threats to human settlements, infrastructure, and the
environment. The increasing frequency and severity of landslides necessitate the development of effective monitoring
and early warning systems. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and sensor technologies have emerged as
valuable tools for landslide mapping and monitoring. However, the integration of these technologies with user-
friendly interfaces remains a challenge. This study aims to bridge this gap by developing a comprehensive landslide
mapping system that leverages GIS, sensors, and a user interface platform to enhance landslide risk assessment,
monitoring, and management.

Landslides are a major geological hazard affecting various regions worldwide, resulting in significant economic
losses and human casualties. Traditional landslide mapping methods rely on field observations, which are time-
consuming, labor-intensive, and often limited by accessibility. Recent advancements in GIS and sensor technologies
offer opportunities for efficient and accurate landslide mapping. GIS enables spatial analysis and visualization, while
sensors provide real-time data on terrain conditions. However, the complexity of these technologies hinders their
adoption by non-technical stakeholders. A user-friendly interface is essential to facilitate the use of landslide
mapping technologies by practitioners, decision-makers, and communities at risk. This study addresses this need by
integrating GIS, sensors, and a user interface platform to create a comprehensive landslide mapping system.

The project aims to creation of online platforms intergrated with GIS (Geographical Information System) hazard
susceptibility mapping .This platform provides immideate alterts(via messages) to the vulnerable places by tracking
current location.Thus,awareness about the diasters are provided to the vulnerable people and hence mitigation
measures are analysed and protection measures are carried out.The idea of smart alterting systems with intergrated
user interfaces ensures minimized risk hazards and lose of livelihood in landslide prone areas.
METHODOLOGY

Landslides are governed by several factors; in the present study factors were considered for landslide
susceptibility mapping. They are lithology, fault, drainage,rainfall, slope, slope aspect and landuse. Though
rainfall and earthquakes are the two important triggering. The factors considered here are essentially the
preparatory factors, which can be collected easily from the field and available information. The thematic data
layers for each of the factors were prepared in GIS based on topographic, remote sensing and field data.The
landslide susceptibility map was finally prepared by integrating the data in GIS and classifying the integrated
values into different classes of landslide susceptibility. The landslide susceptibility map was then validated.
Drainage:
The drainage information was derived from the topographic maps on 1:50,000 scale. The drainage
lines were digitized and the map was prepared in GIS. The drainages were then classified based on
stream order. Since landslides in this area are mostly associated with 1st and 2nd order stream, a
drainage buffer map was prepared in GIS considering 1st and 2nd order streams. The buffer widths
considered were 0–50m, 50–100m and > 100m

Land use:
The land use map of the area was prepared from the remote sensing data. Ground truth data were
collected from the field and also perceived from the topographical maps. IRS LISS II satellite image
was interpreted for various land use in terms of vegetation cover. The land use map, thus prepared,
classifies the area into thick forest, moderate forest, sparse forest, agriculture land and barren land.
The area is mostly covered by moderate and sparse forest categories, followed by agriculture land
and thick forest respectively. The barren land, which occupies least area, is predominant at higher
elevation in the northeastern part

Web application developed as a user interface platform

Landslide Tracking Electronics Systems:
Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board supported by ATmega328P . It has fourteen digital input/output pins, six analog
inputs, an USB association, an influence jack, Associate in Nursing ICSP header and a button. It contains everything
required to support the microcontroller it is merely connect it to a laptop with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC
adapter or battery to induce started.

Vibration detector could be a detector that operates supported totally different optical otherwise mechanical principles
for police investigation ascertained system vibrations .The sensitivity of those sensors unremarkably ranges from ten
mV/g to a hundred mV/g, and there square measure lower and better sensitivities are accessible. The sensitivity of the
detector will be chosen supported the appliance. thus it's essential to understand the amount of vibration amplitude vary
to that the detector are exposed throughout measurements. during a customary application.

Soil Moisture Sensor,The Soil wet level sensing element uses the capacity to monitor the insulator the permittivity level of
a encircling medium. In soil, insulator level could be a perform of the water content. The sensing element creates a
voltage proportional to the insulator permittivity, and so the water content of the soil. The sensed element averages the
moisture content over the complete length of the sensing element. there's a two cm zone of influence with relevancy the
smooth surface of the sensing element, however it's very small at the intense edges. The Soil wet level sensing element is
used to monitor the wet level of the soil and to monitor the wet level of the soil.

Accelerometer Sensor An measuring device coul d be a device that measures correct acceleration. An measuring device is
like a drop mass on a spring. once acceleration is intimate by this device, the mass gets displaced until the spring will
simply move the mass, with an equivalent rate capable the acceleration it detected. Then this displacement worth is
employed to live the offer the acceleration.

Temperature sensors is used to measure the value and employed in many applications particularly HV system and AC
system environmental controls. The most frequent style of temperature detector could be a measuring instrument,
accustomed confirm the temperature of solids, liquids, and gases. It's conjointly principally used for non-scientific
functions because it isn't thus correct.

GSM module is used for sending and receiving message and calls over a network source. It is used to connect GSM to
AVR as well as link the sim card to the server’s.The module uses the SIM Comm process. AT commands is used to
communicate with the module.. GSM contains several methods for communication. This GSM modem can work with
any GSM network operator SIM card like a mobile phone with its IMEI number.

GPS is a satellite navigation system for positioning the particular system .It uses a digital signal at above the rate of 1.5
GHz from the satellite to send data to the user. The system reduce the exact value of the satellite,also because the
geographic position of the system. The Global Positioning is one of the situation on the planet directly below the satellite.
So as for the system to work , there must be a minimum of 4 satellites seen to the user within the least times.
Buzzer is also called as Beeper. It is a sound signalling mechanical device. Typical uses of buzzers are used in various
places.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The present work is an attempt towards application of GIS for landslide susceptibility mapping intergrated with user
interface platforms and electronic landslide tracking systems.Different thematic data layers have been prepared and the
numerical weights of the categories of the factors have been determined using Information value method. This method
was found to be useful for landslide susceptibility mapping.
The varied Sensors that discover the landslide and with facilitate GSM and GPS. This method helps out individuals to
succeed in to the closest safe place before disaster. The message is sent to the user while entering a vulnerable area to
point out the safe place in disaster.It will facilitate to avoid wasting the lifetime of human in addition on avoid the
massive disaster.

REFERENCES
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242073557_GIS_Based_Landslide_Susceptibility_Mapping__A_Case_Study_in_Indian_
Himalaya,https://geoenvironmental-disasters.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40677-020-00155-x,https://www.mdpi.com/383324