LAWS OF MOTION

MARCH 2014
1. We are familiar with Newton’s laws of motion
(a)State Newton’s second law of motion
(b)Using the above law, explain:
(i) Impulse-momentum principle [1]
(ii) Law of conservation of linear momentum
[1]
(c) A circular racetrack of radius 300 m is banked at an angle of 15°. The coefficient of friction
between the wheels of a race car and the road is 0.2. Find:
(i) The optimum speed of the race car to avoid wear and tear on its tyres [1]
(ii) Maximum permissible speed to avoid slipping [2]
SAY 2014
1. Newton formulated the famous laws of motion.
(a) Give the significance of Newton’s first law [1]
(b) Action and reaction are equal and opposite, yet they do not cancel each other. Why?
[1]
2. Friction is defined as the force which opposes the relative motion between two surfaces in
contact
(a) Friction is a necessary evil. Explain.
(b) What is mean by banking of roads?
(c) Obtain an expression for maximum safe speed on a banked road without considering
friction. [3]
MARCH 2015
1. (a) State whether the following statements are True or False. Correct the statement if it is
false.
(i) The spring balance gives the mass of a body while a common balance gives its weight.
(ii) If the same force is applied on two bodies of different masses for the same time, then the
change in momentum of two bodies is the same.
[2]
(b) State Newton’s second law and arrive at the equation of force. [2]
(c) A motorcycle and a bus are moving with same momentum. Which of them has greater
kinetic energy? Justify [1]
SAY 2015
1.

The given graph ABCD shows a variation of force with time for a body placed on a smooth
horizontal surface.
(a) Using the given graph, state whether the following statements are true or false.
(i) The force acting on a body along AB is constant.
(ii) The force acting on a body along CD is zero.
[2]
(b) (i) State the law of conservation of linear momentum.
(ii) Find the region on the graph at which the body moves with constant momentum.
[2]
(c) Draw a momentum - time graph for the given graph
[1]
MARCH 2016
1. When a horse suddenly starts moving the rider falls backward.
(a) Name and state the law used to explain the above situation. [2]
(b) State the law of conservation of linear momentum and prove it on the basis of second law
of motion. [2]
(c) State true or false. An iron ball and a wooden ball of the same radius are released from a
height in vacuum; the iron ball will reach the ground first.
[1]
SAY 2016
1. Observe the following diagram

(a) The forces 𝐹⃗1 , 𝐹⃗2 , and 𝐹⃗3 are together called……. [1]
(b) Calculate the mass of the stone using the parallelogram law of vector addition.
2. A person drives a car along a circular track on a level ground.
(a) Derive an expression for the maximum safe speed of the car. [2]
(b) Why do we give banking to curved roads?
[1]
MARCH 2017
1. The schematic diagram of the circular motion of a car on a banked road is shown in the
figure.
(a) If the centripetal force is provided by the horizontal components of ‘N’ and ‘f’, arrive at an
expression for maximum safe speed. [4]
(b) The optimum speed of the car on a banked road to avoid wear and tear on its tyres is given
by ……….
(i) √Rg Tan θ (ii) √Rg Cot θ
(iii) √Rg Sin θ (iv) √Rg Cos nθ
SAY 2017
1. A man pulls a rope of negligible mass attached to a block. The man wears shoes that does
not slip on the floor. The block moves towards the stationary man.

(a) The law which relates the forces that two different bodies exert on each other is
(i) Newton’s first law
(ii) Newton’s second law
(iii) Newton’s third law
(iv) Newton’s law of cooling [1]
(b) “The man remains stationary”. Substantiate the statement based on the various forces acting
on the man.
[2]
(c) Explain how, the block moves even if the net force on the moving block is zero, though a
net nonzero force is initially required. [3]
MODEL 2018
1. Give the magnitude and direction of the net force on a stone of mass 0.1 kg.
(a) Just after it is dropped from the window of a train accelerating 1 𝑚𝑠 −2
(b) Lying on the floor of a train which is accelerating with 1𝑚𝑠 −1, the stone being at rest
relative to the train. [1]
2. (a) What is meant by ‘banking of roads’?
(b) With neat diagram, derive an equation for the maximum velocity of a car on a banked road.
[3]
(c) What is the optimum speed of the car along the banked road? [1]
MARCH 2018
1. A gun moves backwards when a shot is fired from it.
(a) Choose the correct statement. [1]
(i) The momentum of the gun is greater than that of the shot.
(ii) The momentum acquired by the gun and shot have the same magnitude.
(iii) Gun and the shot acquire the same amount of kinetic energy.
(b) A shell of mass 0.020 kg is fired by a gun of mass 100 kg. If the muzzle speed of the shell
is 80 m/s, what is the recoil speed of the gun. [2]
2. (a) What is the condition for the equilibrium of concurrent forces? [1]
(b) A mass of 6 kg is suspended by a rope of length 2 m from the ceiling. A force of 50 N in
the horizontal direction is applied at the midpoint P of the rope, as shown.
What is the angle, the rope makes with the vertical in equilibrium?
Neglect the mass of the rope. (Take g = 10 ms −2 )
[3]

(c) What will be the angle made by the rope with the vertical if its length is doubled?
[1]
SAY 2018
1. A man jumping out of a slow-moving bus fall forward.
(a) This is due to………… [1]
(b) Which Newton’s law gives the above concept? State the law. [2]
(c) What is the net force acting on a book at rest on the table? [1]
2. To reduce friction and accident by skidding, the roads are banked at curves.
(a) What is meant by banking of roads?
(b) Sketch the schematic diagram of a vehicle on a banked road with friction and mark the
various forces. [1]
(c) Derive an expression for maximum safe speed of a vehicle on a banked road with friction.
[2]
MODEL 2019
1. State Newton’s second law of motion. What is the SI unit of impulse? [2]
2. Draw the various forces acting on the block shown.
[2]
3. A cricketer moves his hands backwards while holding a catch. Explain why?
[2]
4. The position-time graph of a particle of mass 4 kg is shown. What is the force on the particle
at 0 < 𝑡 < 4𝑠?
[2]

MARCH 2019
1. A light bullet is fired from a heavy gun.
(a) Choose the CORRECT. [1]
(i) Speed of the gun and the bullet are equal.
(ii) Momenta of the bullet and gun are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
(iii) Momenta of the gun and bullet are in magnitude and are in the same direction.
(iv) Velocity of gun and bullet are equal.
(b) By using suitable conservation law in Physics, prove your above answer.
[2]
2. Static friction opposes impending motion.
(a) Write the mathematical equation connecting the limiting value of static friction with normal
reaction. [1]
(b) Choose the CORRECT statement
[1]
(i) Both kinetic friction and static friction are independent of the area of contact.
(ii) Kinetic friction depends on area of contact but static friction do not.
(iii) Static friction depends on area of contact but kinetic friction do not.
(iv) Both kinetic friction and static friction depend of the area of contact.
(c) A mass rests on a horizontal plane. The plane is gradually inclined until at an angle? With
the horizontal, the mass just begins to slide. Show that the coefficient of static friction between
the block and the surface is equal to tan𝜃? [3]
SAY 2019
1. A large force acting for a short interval of time is called impulsive force.
(a) What is the SI unit of impulse? [1]
(b) Two billiard balls each of mass 0.05 kg moving in opposite direction with speed 6 m/s
collide and rebound with the same speed. What is the impulse imparted to each ball due to the
other? [1]
2. The static friction comes into play at the moment the force is applied.
(a) Write the relation between static friction and normal reaction. [1]
(b) Determine the maximum acceleration of the train in which a box lying on its floor will
remain stationary, given that the co-efficient of static friction between the box and the train’s
floor is 0.15. [2]
(c) State the laws of limiting friction.
[2]
MODEL 2020
1. (a) State laws of static friction. [1]
(b) Rolling friction is less than sliding friction. Why?
[1]
2. A cyclist speeding at 18 km/hr on a level road takes a sharp turn without reducing the speed.
(Radius of the circular path = 3m)
(a) Centripetal force is provided by ……….
[1]
(b) Derive an expression for safe speed of the cyclist at the turning [2]
(c) If the co-efficient of friction between the tyre and the road is 0.10, will the cyclist slip while
taking the turn? [2]
MARCH 2020
1. Newton’s first law of motion describes the …….
[1]
(a) Energy (b) Work
(c) Inertia (d) Momentum
2. State the law of conservation of linear momentum.
[2]
3. Circular motion of car on a banked road is shown in figure.

(a) Write the name of forces A, B, C, D in the figure.

[2]
(b) Write the equation which equate forces on the car along horizontal and vertical direction.
[2]
(c) State the law of static friction [1]
SAY 2020
1. When a moving bus suddenly stops passengers tends to fall forward. This is due to ……….
[1]
2. Using Newton’s second law of motion, derive the equation 𝐹⃗ = 𝑚𝑎⃗.
[2]
3. A vehicle of mass m is moving on a banked road to radius r.
(a) What are various forces acting on the vehicle?
[1]
(b) Obtain an expression for maximum safe speed of the vehicle on a banked road.
[3]
(c) A circular road of radius 300 m is banked at an angle of 15°. If the coefficient of friction
between the wheels of a car and the road is 0.2, what is the optimum speed of the car? (g=9.8
m/s²) [1]
MODEL 2021
1. The maximum value of static friction is called ……….
[1]
2. Say whether the following statements are true/false:
[3]
(a) Kinetic friction depends on velocity of the body
(b) Static friction is independent of area of contract.
(c) Kinetic friction is directly proportional to normal reaction.
3. State Newton’s second law of motion. Using it derive an equation for force.
[3]
4. (a) Define impulsive force. Give one example for it.
[2]
(b) A batsman hits back a ball straight in the direction of the bowler without changing its initial
speed of 12 𝑚𝑠 −1. If the mass of the ball is 0.15 kg, determine the impulse imparted to the ball.
(Assume linear motion of the ball)
[2]
5. A car of mass ‘m’ moves with a speed ‘v’ along a banked road of radius ‘R’.
(a) Draw a diagram showing all the forces acting on the car. [2]
(b) Using a diagram derive an equation for the maximum safe speed.
[3]
MARCH 2021
1. Momentum is a ……… quantity. (vector/scalar)
[1]
2. State Newton’s second law of motion and write the equation of force. [3]
3. State the law of static friction. [3]
4. Various forces acting on a car in circular motion through a banked road is shown.

(a) Write the name of forces A and B.

[2]
(b) A cyclist travelling on a level road takes a sharp circular turn of radius 3 m without reducing
the speed. The co-efficient of static friction between the tyres and the roads is 0.1. Calculate
the maximum permissible speed to avoid slipping.
[3]
SAY 2021
1. The limiting value of static friction is
[1]
(i) Proportional to area of contact
(ii) Inversely proportional to area of contact
(iii) Proportional to square of area of contact
(iv) Independent of area of contact
2. State Newton’s second law of motion and derive the equation 𝐹⃗ = 𝑚𝑎⃗ [3]
3. The various forces acting on a car (P) on a banked road are shown in figure.

(a) Name the forces labelled N and f.

[2]
(b) The sum of the forces ………. and ………… provides the necessary centripetal force for
the car. [1]
4. (a) State Newton’s third law of motion.
(b) Two billiard balls each of mass 0.05 kg moving in opposite directions with speed 6 𝑚𝑠 −1
collide and rebound with the same speed. What is the impulse imparted to each ball due to the
other?
5. A car of mass m is taking a circular turn of radius R on a horizontal road. The coefficient
of static friction between the tyres and the road is 𝜇.
(a) Derive an expression for the maximum possible safe speed of the car.
(b) Let 𝜇 = 0.1 and 𝑅 = 20 𝑚. If the car moves at a speed of 5 𝑚𝑠 −1 , will the car slip while
taking the turn? [2]
MODEL 2022
1. When a bus suddenly moves forward, a passenger gets thrown backward with a jerk. Name
the law used to explain the above situation. [1]
(a) Law of area
(b) Second law of motion
(c) Law of inertia
2. Show that impulse is equal to change in momentum.
[2]
3. A mass rests on a horizontal plane. The plane is gradually inclined with the horizontal until
the mass just begins to slide. Find an equation for the coefficient of static friction (𝜇𝑠 )
between the block and the surface. [3]
4. A car is moving on a circular level road.
(i) What are the three forces acting on the car?
[1]
(ii) Derive an expression for maximum safe speed of the car. [4]
MARCH 2022
1. A light body and a heavy body have equal momentum. Which one has greater kinetic
energy? [1]
2. A person firing a bullet from a gun experiences a backward jerk:
(a) Write the principle behind this.
[1/2]
(b) A bullet of mass 15 g fired with a velocity of 100 𝑚𝑠 −1 from a gun of mass 2 kg. Find the
recoil speed of gun.
[1½]
3. A child of mass 30 kg is standing inside a lift.
(a) What happens to the apparent weight of the child if the lift is moving up with a uniform
acceleration? [1]
(b) Write an expression for the apparent weight of the child. [1]
(c) Find the apparent weight of the child, if the lift is moving down with constant acceleration
of 5 𝑚𝑠 −2. [2]
4. Banking of roads helps to increase the limit of maximum safe speed of a vehicle at a curve.
(a) Draw the schematic diagram of a vehicle on a banked road and mark the various forces
acting on it. [2]
(b) Obtain an expression for the maximum safe speed of a vehicle at a banked road with
frictional force. [3]
SAY 2022
1. State and prove Newton’s second law of motion.
[3]
2. Derive the expression for maximum speed of a car on a banked road (Considering friction)
[3]
3. (a) State law of static friction. [2]
(b) Determine the maximum acceleration of the train in which a box lying on its floor will
remain stationary given that coefficient of friction between the box and the train’s floor is 0.15.
Take 𝑔 = 10𝑚𝑠 −2 . [3]
MODEL 2023
1. (a) Define impulse. [1]
(b) Why is it more dangerous to fall on frozen ice than fresh snow? [1]
(c) The passengers fall backward when a bus at rest, starts moving suddenly. Why?
[1]
2. (a) State Newton’s second law of motion.
[1]
(b) Arrive at the law of conservation of momentum from second law and state the law of
conservation of momentum.
(c) A bullet of mass 0.010 kg is fired by a gun of mass 100 kg. If the muzzle speed of the bullet
is 50 m/s, what is the recoil speed of the gun? [1]
MARCH 2023
1. While firing a bullet the gun recoils.
(a) Which conservation law helps you to explain this phenomenon? [1]
(b) “In the firing process, the speed of the gun is very low compared to the speed of bullet”.
Substantiate the above statement mathematically. [2]
2. (a) Sketch the schematic diagram of a vehicle on a banked road and mark various forces
acting on it. [2]
(b) Obtain an expression for maximum safe speed for a vehicle in the banked road. (Without
considering friction)
[2]