Chua Chu Kang Secondary School

3 Pure C7 The Mole Calculations – Assignment

Name: __________________________ Class: __________ Date: ___________

7.2-7.4: Percentage mass, The Mole, Empirical & Molecular formula

1 Which one of the following compounds contains the highest percentage by mass of
nitrogen?

A ammonia B ammonium carbonate

C hydrazine, N2H4 D ammonium sulfate (C )

2 A 20 g sample of calcium carbonate is heated strongly and completely converted into

anhydrous calcium chloride. What mass of the anhydrous product is formed?

A 11.1 g B 22.2 g
C 15.1 g D 111 g (B )

3 Calculate the maximum mass of aluminium that can be obtained from 306 g of
aluminium oxide.

A 108 g B 27 g
C 81 g D 162 g (D )

4 Which one of the following contains the most number of atoms?

A 1 g of copper B 1 g of silver
C 1 g of iron D 1 g of gold (C )

5 Calculate the mass of copper in 48 g of copper(II) sulfate. [19.2 g]

64
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 ∶ × 48 = 19.2g
64+32+4(16)

6 Calculate the number of moles of sulfuric acid in 25.0 cm3 of 2.0 mol/dm3 sulfuric acid
solution. [0.05 mol]

𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙: 0.0025 × 2 = 0.05𝑚𝑜𝑙

7 200 cm3 of solution contains 36.5 g of HCl. Calculate the concentration in

(a) g/dm3 [18.25 g/dm3]
200
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ∶ 36.5 ÷ 1000 = 182.5 𝑔/𝑑𝑚3

(b) mol/dm3 [5 mol/dm3]

182.5
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ∶ = 5 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑑𝑚3
36.5
8 What mass of potassium hydroxide must be dissolved to make a 250 cm3 of solution
of concentration 0.4 mol/dm3? [5.6 g]
𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝐾𝑂𝐻 ∶ 0.25 × 0.4 = 0.1𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 ∶ 0.1 × (39 + 16 + 1) = 5.6 𝑔

9 A compound X contains 50% sulfur and 50% oxygen by mass. What is the empirical
formula of compound X? [SO2]

S O
% composition 50 50
/%
mass of 50 50
element in
100g /g
no.of moles / 50 50
mol = 1.56 = 3.125
32 16
Mole ratio 1 2
Empirical formula : SO2

10 A sample of 0.1 mol of metal X (relative atomic mass 27) was burned in oxygen. The
resulting oxide had a mass of 5.1 g. What is the formula of the metal oxide likely to be?
[X2O3]
Mass of metal X: 0.1 x 2.7 = 2.7g
Mass of oxygen: 5.1-2.7 = 2.4g

X O
Mass/g 2.7 2.4
No.of moles/mol 0.1 0.15
Mole ratio 1 1.5

Empirical formula: X2O3

11 0.2 mol of a hydrocarbon Z contains 9.6 g of carbon and 2 g of hydrogen.

(a) Calculate the relative molecular mass of Z. [58]

Mass of Z: 9.6 + 2 = 11.6g

Mr = 11.6 / 0.2 = 58

(b) Calculate the molecular formula of Z. [C4H10]

C H
Mass/g 9.6 2
No.of moles/mol 0.8 2
Mole ratio 1 5/2

Empirical formula : C2H5

n(2(12)+5) = 58
n = 2 Molecular formula: C4H10

Chemistry Assignment | Page 2of 8

7.5: Stoichiometric Calculation, Volumetric analysis, Limiting reactant

1 Limestone decomposes when heated as shown in the equation:

CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

What mass of limestone is needed to produce 1200 cm3 of carbon dioxide at r.t.p?
[5g]
No. of mol of carbon dioxide: 1.2/24 = 0.05 mol
No. of mol of limestone: 0.05mol
Mass of limestone: 0.05 x (40+12+48) = 5g

2 Hydrogen sulfide burns in an excess of oxygen according to the following equation:

2 H2S (g) + 3 O2 (g) → 2 H2O (g) + 2 SO2 (g)

If 28 dm3 of hydrogen sulfide are burned completely in an excess of oxygen, what

volume of sulfur dioxide will be formed at r.t.p? [28 dm3]

Vol. of sulfur dioxide : 28 dm3

3 Copper reacts with dilute nitric acid according to the equation:

3 Cu + 8 HNO3 → 3 Cu(NO3)2 + 4 H2O + 2 NO

(a) What mass of copper would be required to react with 63 g of nitric acid? [24 g]

No. of moles of nitric acid: 63 / (1+14+48) = 1 mol

No. of moles of copper: 1 ÷ 8 × 3 = 0.375 mol
Mass of copper = 0.375 x 64 = 24g

(b) What mass of the product copper(II) nitrate would be formed as a result?
[70.5 g]

No. of moles of Cu(NO3)2 : 0.375 mol

Mass : 0.375 x(64+28+96) = 70.5g

Chemistry Assignment | Page 3of 8

4 Sulfur dioxide reacts with calcium carbonate to produce calcium sulfite (CaSO3) and
carbon dioxide.

(a) Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.

SO2 + CaCO3 → CaSO3 + CO2

(b) A large coal-fired power station produces 960 tonnes of sulfur dioxide each
year. Calculate the mass of calcium carbonate (in tonnes) needed to react with
960 tonnes of sulfur dioxide. [1500 tonnes]

960×106
No. of mol SO2 = 64 = 1.5 × 107 𝑚𝑜𝑙
No. of mole of CaCO3 : 1.5 × 107 𝑚𝑜𝑙
Mass of CaCO3 : 1.5 × 107 × 100 = 1.5 × 109 𝑔 = 1500 tonnes

5 What volume of hydrochloric acid of concentration 0.25 mol/dm3 is required to

neutralise 22.5 cm3 of 0.4 mol/dm3 sodium hydroxide solution? [36 cm3]

HCl +NaOH → NaCl + H2O

No. of mol of NaOH : 0.0225 x 0.4 = 0.009 mol

No. of mol of HCl needed: 0.009 mol
Vol. of HCl needed: 0.009 / 0.25 = 0.036 dm3

6 Calculate the concentration of sodium hydroxide used when 9.88 cm3 of sodium
hydroxide was used to neturalise 24.7 cm3 of 0.1 mol/dm3 sulfuric acid. [0.5 mol/dm3]

2 NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2 H2O

24.7
No. of mol of H2SO4 : 1000 × 0.1 = 0.00247 𝑚𝑜𝑙
No. of mol of NaOH used: 0.00247 x 2 = 0.00494 mol
9.88
Concentration of NaOH: 0.00494 ÷ 1000 = 0.5 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑑𝑚3

7 Ethane, C2H6, burns in oxygen according to the equation:

2 C2H6 (g) + 7 O2 (g) → 4 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (l)

20 cm3 of ethane was reacted with 100 cm3 of oxygen gas. Calculate

(a) the volume of CO2 produced [40 cm3]

Vol: 20 x 2 = 40cm3

(b) the volume of oxygen used. [70 cm3]

Vol: 20 /2 x 7 = 70cm3

Chemistry Assignment | Page 4of 8

8 Solution BA1 contains 8.36 g/dm3 of an acid, HA.
Solution BA2 contains 3.80 g/dm3 of sodium hydroxide.
25.0 cm3 of BA2 was completely neutralised by 23.0 cm3 of BA1

(a) Construct a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.

HA + NaOH → NaA + H2O

(b) From the information given, calculate the concentration, in mol/dm3 of BA2.
[0.095 mol/dm3]
3
Conc: 3.80 / (23+16+1) = 0.095 mol/dm

(c) Using the titration results and your answer to (b), calculate the concentration,
in mol/dm3, of BA1. [0.103 mol/dm3]
25
No. of mol of NaOH reacted: 1000 × 0.095 = 0.002375 𝑚𝑜𝑙
No. of mol of HA reacted: 0.002375mol
23
Concentration of BA1: 0.002375 ÷ 1000 = 0.103 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑑𝑚3

(d) From the information given and your answers to (b), calculate the relative
molecular mass of HA. [81]

Molar mass: 8.36 / 0.10326 = 80.961 g/mol ≈ 81.0

(e) Calculate the relative atomic mass of A. [80]

Ar of A: 80.961 -1 = 79.961

(f) Using your answer to (e) and the Periodic Table, suggest the identity of A.

A is bromine

Chemistry Assignment | Page 5of 8

9 When sulfur is heated with iron, iron(II) sulfide is formed:
Fe + S → FeS
In an experiment, 5.6 g of iron and 4 g of sulfur are heated.

(a) What substances are found at the end of the experiment? [S, FeS]

No. of mol of Fe:5.6 / 56 = 0.1 mol

No. of mol of S: 4/32 = 0.125 mol
Fe is present in lower amounts, since mole ratio is 1:1, Fe will be fully used up.
Excess S will be left behind and FeS formed will be found.

(b) Give the amount of each of the substances named in (a) in mol.
[S= 0.025 mol, FeS =0.1 mol]
No. of mol left for S: 0.125 – 0.1 = 0.025 mol
No. of mol of FeS formed: 0.1 mol

10 A sample of 50 cm3 of carbon monoxide was burned in 50 cm3 of oxygen to form carbon
dioxide. What was the composition of the gas remaining after the reaction? (All
measurements were made at r.t.p) [25 cm3 of O2 and 50 cm3 of CO2]

2CO(g) + O2 (g) → 2CO2 (g)

By mol ratio: CO: O2

2 :1
(if CO used up)50cm3:25 cm3 [ reaction possible, sufficient oxygen]

Volume of CO2 formed: 50cm3

Volume of O2 remaining: 50-25 = 25cm3

11 28 g of lithium is added to 100 g of water to produce lithium hydroxide and hydrogen.

(a) Identify the limiting reactant in this reaction. [lithium]

2Li (s) + 2 H2O (l)→ 2 LiOH (aq)+ H2 (g)

No. of mol of Li: 4 mol
No. of mol of H2O: 5.5556 mol
Li fully used up. Therefore, Li is LR.

(b) What is the total mass of the solution obtained when the reaction is completed?
[124 g]

No. of mol of LiOH obtained: 4 mol

Mass of LiOH = 4 ( 7+16+1) = 96g
No. of mol of remaining H2O : 5.5556 -4 = 1.5556mol
Mass of H2O = 1.5556 x 18 = 28.001g
Total mass: 96g+28.001g = 124g (3sf)

Chemistry Assignment | Page 6of 8

12 In an experiment, 0.65 g of zinc was added to a solution containing 0.2 mol/dm 3 of
sulfuric acid to form zinc sulfate and water.

(a) Calculate the maximum volume of hydrogen produced at r.t.p. [0.24 dm3]

No. of mol of Zn: 0.65 / 65 = 0.01 mol

No. of mol of H2: 0.01 mol
Vol of H2 produced: 0.24 dm3

(b) Explain why the reaction stops.

All the zinc has reacted with sulfuric acid, hence the reaction stops.

13 2.0 g of calcium carbonate is added to 25 cm3 of 0.002 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid.

Calculate
(a) the maximum volume of carbon dioxide produced. [0.6 cm3]

CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2

No. of mol of CaCO3 : 0.02mol

No. of mol of HCl: 0.00005 mol
HCl is the LR.
No. of carbon dioxide: 0.000025 mol
Vol.: 0.000025 x 24 = 0.006 dm3

(b) the mass of water produced [0.00045 g]

No. of mol of water produced:0.000025mol
Mass: 0.000025 x 18 = 0.00045 g

Chemistry Assignment | Page 7of 8

7.6: Percentage yield & Percentage purity

1 Limestone decomposes on heating to form lime (CaO) and carbon dioxide gas.
Calculate the percentage yield if on heating 50 g of limestone, 21 g of lime was
obtained. [75%]
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
No. of mol of CaCO3 : 0.5 mol
No. of mol of CaO(theoretical): 0.5 mol
Theoretical mass of CaO: 0.5 x (40 +16) = 18g
21
% yield: 28 × 100% = 75%

2 In an experiment, 100 cm3 of 2 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid was needed to react

completely with magnesium oxide present in 5.0 g of an impure sample of magnesium
oxide. In the reaction, magnesium chloride and water were the products that were
formed in the reaction.

(a) Calculate the mass of pure magnesium oxide present in the sample. [4 g]

2HCl + MgO → MgCl2 + H2O

No. of mol of HCl : 0.2 mol
No. of MgO reacted: 0.2 / 2 = 0.1 mol
Mass of pure MgO: 0.1 x(24+16) = 4 g

(b) Calculate the percentage purity of the magnesium oxide. [80%]

4
% purity: 5 × 100% = 80%

3 2.4 dm3 of carbon dioxide at r.t.p. were liberated when excess of hydrochloric acid was
added to 15 g of impure copper(II) carbonate. Calculate the percentage purity of the
carbonate. [82.7%]
CuCO3 + 2 HCl → CuCl2 + CO2 + H2O
No. of mol of CO2 : 2.4 / 24 = 0.1 mol
No. of mol of CuCO3 reacted: 0.1 mol
Mass of CuCO3 reacted: 0.1 x(64+12+48) = 12.4g
12.4
% purity : 15.0 × 100 = 82.7% (3𝑠𝑓)

Chemistry Assignment | Page 8of 8