MATH ENHANCEMENT 8 HANDOUT

Unit 1: Statistics

Lesson
2

DIRECTIONS: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. It is an oral or verbal communication method of collecting data where the interviewer asks
questions generally in a face-to-face contact to the other person or persons.
A. Experiment Method C. Observation Method
B. Interview Method D. Questionnaire Method
2. It is a method used when the objective is to determine the cause and effect relationship of
a certain phenomenon under controlled condition.
A. Experiment Method C. Observation Method
B. Interview Method D. Questionnaire Method
3. It is a data you first gather from an experiment or study. The data is raw that is, it’s not sorted into
categories, classified, or otherwise grouped.
A. Frequency data C. Histogram
B. Grouped data D. Ungrouped data
4. It is a data that has been bundled together in categories.
A. Frequency data C. Histogram table
B. Grouped data D. Ungrouped data
5. It is the difference between the upper and lower boundaries of any class in a frequency distribution
table.
A. Average C. Data
B. Class width D. Frequency
6-8. The data below shows the mass of 40 students in a class. The measurement is to the nearest kg.

Mass (kg) Frequency

45 – 49 2
50 – 54 4
55 – 59 7
60 – 64 10
65 – 69 4
70 – 74 6
75 – 79 7

6. What is the range of the given data above?

A. 26 B. 28 C. 30 D. 34

7. What is the width of the class interval of the given data above?
 A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7
8. What is the total frequency of the given data?
A. 30 B. 35 C. 40 D. 50

9-11. Given below are marks obtained by 20 students in Math.

21 23 19 17 12 15 15 17 17 19

23 23 21 23 25 25 21 19 19 19

9. What value appears most frequently in the given data?

A. 17 B. 19 C. 21 D. 23
10. What is the total frequency of the data?
A. 10 B. 15 C. 18 D. 20
11. What is the lowest data value?
A. 12 B. 15 C. 17 D. 19
12-15. Given the data for the Ages of 50 students enrolled in Math.

Age Frequency
12 2
13 13
14 27
15 4
16 3
17 1

12. What is the total frequency of the given data?

A. 30 B. 40 C. 45 D. 50
13. How many students enrolled in Mathematics have an age of 15?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 13 D. 27
14. How many students enrolled in Mathematics have an age of 13?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 13 D. 27
15. How many students enrolled in Mathematics have an age of 14?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 13 D. 27

Collection of data is an important part of Statistics. Data should be collected in a

manner that they are accurate and convenient to use.
Data is a collection of facts or information. They may be gathered by using the following methods.
 1. Conducting Surveys

Example: Teacher made a form and ask the students to fill out the previous grades and
return the form to him/her.

2. Observing the Outcomes of Events

Example: Jessa wanted to find whether a die was fair or biased. She tossed the die 40 times
and recorded the results.
3. Taking measurements in experiments

Example: The physicist and chemist conducted an experiment on how can saw dust be
substituted for sand in the production of hollow blocks.
4. Reading Statistical Publication

Example: Mr. Rivera check the date of birth of each student in the class registry.

Methods Used in the Collecting Data

 Interview Method – this method of collecting data is an oral or verbal communication
where the interviewer asks questions in any mode (face to face, telephone, or virtual)
to an interviewee. The person gathering the data is called the interviewer, while the
person supplying the data is the interviewee.

 Questionnaire Method – on this method data is gathered through a set of question that
is mailed or handed to respondents who are expected to read and understand them.
And the respondents then, write down their responses in the space provided the
accomplished questionnaire is then returned for appropriate processing.
 Observation Method – the data on this method are gathered either individually or
collectively by means of observation. The person who gathers the data is called an
 investigator while the person being observed is called the subject.
 Experiment Method – this method is used when the objective is to determine the cause
and effect relationship of a certain phenomenon under controlled condition.

After gathering data, we need to organize them. If we don’t do this, we might

miss important information about the data and may result to difficulty in interpreting the data
that we have gathered. Using frequency table helps us to record, clarify and easily find what
we are looking for our data. In a tally table, tally marks ( I ) are used to record data, while in
a frequency table, numbers are
used instead of tally marks.

Frequency – the number of occurrences of a data

Frequency table – is a table that lists items and shows the number of times the
items occur.

Steps in constructing a frequency table (for ungrouped data)

Step 1: Make three columns. Arrange the data in order in the first column.
Step 2: Make a tally.
Step 3: Count the tallies then write the frequencies
Step 4: Total all the frequencies

Example 1:
Below are the results of a survey about the favorite colors of 15 students in a freshman
class. What color is the most favorite of the students and the least favorite color?

Green Red Yellow White Red

Violet Black Green Yellow Black
Yellow Red White Red Green

Solution:
1. Write the colors in the first column.
2. Make a tally.
3. Count the tallies then write the frequencies.
4. Total all the frequencies.

Color Tally Frequency

Green III 3
Red IIII 4
Yellow III 3
Violet I 1
White II 2
Black II 2
TOTAL 15

Based on the table, it shows that red is the most favorite color and violet is the least favorite
color of the 15 students.
 Example 2:
An airline asked their passenger on a flight to rate the quality of their service. The table
below shows the ratings of 24 passengers. Make a frequency distribution table of the data
collected. How many passengers gave a rating of 3 and below?

Service Ratings
3 5 4 2 4 3
4 2 1 4 3 5
5 1 2 5 3 1
4 3 5 2 5 2
5: Excellent 4: Very Good 3: Good 2: Fair 1: Poor

Solution:
1. Write the service ratings in order.
2. Make a tally.
3. Count the tallies then write the frequencies.
4. Total all the frequencies.

Service Rating Tally Frequency

Excellent 6
Very Good 5
Good 5
Fair 5
Poor 3
TOTAL : 24

The rates of 3 and below consist of good (3), fair (2), and poor (1). Their frequencies
are 5, 5, and 3, respectively. Adding these three frequencies will result to 13, the number of
passengers who gave a rating of 3 and below.

The word data refers to information that is collected and recorded. It can be in the form
of numbers, words, measurement and much more.
Grouped data is the type of data which is classified into groups after collection.
Ungrouped data which is also known as raw data that has not been placed in any
group or category after collection.

Steps in constructing a frequency table for a given ungrouped data to be transformed as a grouped data.

1. Determine the range.

Range is the difference between the highest value H and the lowest value L
in the set of data. R=H–L

2. Determine the desired number of the class interval or categories. The ideal number
of class interval in somewhere between 5 and 15.
 3. Determine the class width or approximate size of the class interval by
dividing the range by the desired number of class intervals.
Range
Class size =
Class Iyterval

4. Write the class intervals starting with the lowest lower value as determined in the data.
Then add the class width to the starting point to get the next interval. Do this until the
highest value is contained in the last interval.

5. Tally the corresponding number of scores in each interval. Then summarize the results
or sum up the tallies under the frequency column.

Example 1:
The following are the test scores of students. Construct a suitable frequency table.
Use 6 as the desired number of class interval.

14 15 30 19 10 18
26 30 10 15 15 28
10 30 34 40 20 40
20 30 10 22 36 36
22 18 14 26 17 37
21 19 11 16 29

Solution:
1. Determine the range.
R = H – L
= 40 – 10
= 30
2. Class Interval = 6

3. Determine the Class Width

W = � = 30 = 5
�� 6

4. Write the class intervals starting with the lowest lower value as determined in the data.
- Starting with 10 and with w = 5, the class intervals are: 10 – 15, 16 – 21,
22 – 27, 28 – 33, 34 – 39, 40 – 45.
5. Tally the corresponding number of scores in each interval. Then summarize the
results or sum up the tallies under the frequency column.
 Scores Tally Frequency
10 – 15 10
16 – 21 9
22 – 27 4
28 – 33 6
34 – 39 4
40 – 45 2
TOTAL 35

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer in a
separate sheet of paper.
1. It is a table that lists numerical data that have been grouped in intervals and the
frequency of occurrence of the data.
A. Average C. Data
B. Class width D. Frequency table

2-5. Identify which type of data collection was used from the following situations:

2. Nick stood outside a movie theater and asked many of the patrons if the movie
they saw was good.
A. Experiment Method C. Observation Method
B. Interview Method D. Questionnaire Method
3. Shiena gave each member of the class a random cookie, some from recipe
A and some from recipe B. Then she noted the students who asked for a second cookie.
A. Experiment Method C. Observation Method
B. Interview Method D. Questionnaire Method

4. Steven observed students enter a classroom for class, and recorded

whether the students will sit in front or not.
A. Experiment Method C. Observation Method
B. Interview Method D. Questionnaire Method
5. Marilyn searched the internet to find comments and reviews from people who
owned the type of laptop she was thinking of buying.
A. Experiment Method C. Observation Method
B. Interview Method D. Questionnaire Method

6. The ages of children at a summer camp are recorded as follows:

10 9 8 10 10 11 12 8 8 9 9
9 10 9 10 10 11 11 10 9 9 8

What type of data is this?

A. Average Data C. Statistical Data

B. Grouped Data D. Ungrouped Data
7-10. Given below are marks obtained by 20 students in a 25 point test in Math.

21 23 19 17 12 15 15 17 17 19
23 23 21 23 25 25 21 19 19 19

7. What is the total frequency of the given data?

A. 15 B. 20 C. 25 D. 30
8. How many students got a mark of 25?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
9. How many students got the lowest score in Math test?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
10. What type of data is this?
A. Average Data C. Statistical Data
B. Grouped Data D. Ungrouped Data
11-12. The following are the results of pulse rates, beats per minute. Complete the
frequency table below then answer the following questions?

Pulse Rates, Frequency

Beats per Minute
85-89
80-84
75-79
70-74
65-69
60-64
Total

11. How many people were in the survey?

A. 40 B. 50 C. 60 D. 70

12. How many people had a pulse rate of 75-79 beats per minute?
A. 23 B. 24 C. 25 D. 26
13-15. The following are scores obtained by a group of students on their Math VII
examination. Prepare a frequency distribution for these data using a class interval of
7 and answer the following questions below.
34 45 37 29 20 21 40
36 20 20 34 45 20 20
40 40 34 45 40 34 34
30 30 20 29 36 29 29
36 30 34 29 21 20 21

13. What is the lowest data value?

A. 20 B. 30 C. 36 D. 45
14. What is the total frequency of the data?
A. 25 B. 30 C. 35 D. 40
15. What is the range of data?
A. 25 B. 26 C. 28 D. 30