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    Switch Gear and Protection

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    Switch Gear and Protection

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    kavyakavi1977
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    Switch-Gear-and-Protection

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    7 views2 pages

    Switch Gear and Protection

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    SWITCH GEAR AND PROTECTION

    Course Code Category Hours / Week Credits Maximum Marks

    L T P C CIE SEE Total


    A4EE23 PCC
    3 0 0 3 30 70 100

    PREREQUISITE(S):

    POWER SYSTEMS

    COURSE OBJECTIVES:

    The course should enable the students to:

    To educate the causes of abnormal operating conditions (faults, lightning and switching surges) of the apparatus
    and system.
    To introduce the characteristics and functions of relays and protection schemes.
     To impart knowledge on apparatus protection
     To introduce static and numerical relays
     To impart knowledge on functioning of circuit breakers
    COURSE OUTCOMES
    Ability to understand and analyze power system operation, stability, control and protection.
    1. Understand and working of circuit breakers
    2. Analyze the operation of circuit breaker
    3. Understand the usage of the different relays
    4. Understand and analyze reflection and refraction coefficients
    5. Analyze and understand the power system protection

    SYLLABUS

    UNIT I PROTECTION SCHEMES: Classes: 10\

    Principles and need for protective schemes – nature and causes of faults – types of faults – fault current
    calculation using symmetrical components – Methods of Neutral grounding – Zones of protection and essential
    qualities of protection – Protection schemes

    UNIT II ELECTROMAGNETIC RELAYS: Classes: 10

    Operating principles of relays - the Universal relay – Torque equation – R-X diagram – Electromagnetic
    Relays – Overcurrent, Directional, Distance, Differential, Negative sequence and Under frequency relays.

    UNIT III APPARATUS PROTECTION: Classes: 10

    Current transformers and Potential transformers and their applications in protection schemes - Protection of
    transformer, generator, motor, busbars and transmission line.

    UNIT IV STATIC RELAYS AND NUMERICAL PROTECTION: Classes: 10


    Static relays – Phase, Amplitude Comparators – Synthesis of various relays using Static comparators – Block
    diagram of Numerical relays – Overcurrent protection, transformer differential protection, distant protection of
    transmission lines.

    UNIT V CIRCUIT BREAKERS: Classes: 10

    Physics of arcing phenomenon and arc interruption - DC and AC circuit breaking – re-striking voltage and
    recovery voltage - rate of rise of recovery voltage - resistance switching - current chopping - interruption of
    capacitive current - Types of circuit breakers – air blast, air break, oil, SF6 and vacuum circuit breakers –
    comparison of different circuit breakers – Rating and selection of Circuit breakers.

    TEXT BOOKS:

    1. Sunil S.Rao, ‘Switchgear and Protection’, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 2008.

    2. B.Rabindranath and N.Chander, ‘Power System Protection and Switchgear’, New Age International (P)
    Ltd., First Edition 2011.

    3. M.L.Soni, P.V.Gupta, U.S.Bhatnagar, A.Chakrabarti, ‘A Text Book on Power System Engineering’,


    Dhanpat Rai & Co.,1998.

    REFERENCES:

    1. Badri Ram ,B.H. Vishwakarma, ‘Power System Protection and Switchgear’, New Age International Pvt Ltd
    Publishers, Second Edition 2011.

    2. Y.G.Paithankar and S.R.Bhide, ‘Fundamentals of power system protection’, Second Edition, Prentice Hall
    of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2010.

    3. C.L.Wadhwa, ‘Electrical Power Systems’, 6th Edition, New Age International (P) Ltd., 2010

    4. Ravindra P.Singh, ‘ Switchgear and Power System Protection’, PHI Learning Private Ltd., New Delhi,
    2009.

    5. Bhavesh Bhalja, R.P. Maheshwari, Nilesh G. Chotani,’Protection and Switchgear’ Oxford University Press,
    2011.

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