DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN SCIENCE 8

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students must have:
1. Identify and describe the forces that cause objects to accelerate and that its acceleration is the
rate of change of velocity.
2. Apply the concepts of Acceleration and force in solving problems, and
3. Interpret real-life scenarios involving forces and acceleration.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

TOPIC: Acceleration

LEARNING COMPETENCY: Forces that cause objects to accelerate and that acceleration
of an objects is its rate of change of velocity.
MATERIALS: Instructional Materials
SUBJECT INTEGRATION: English and Visual Arts
VALUES INTEGRATION: Cooperation, Active Participation, Self-
Confidence, Discipline and Creativity
STRATEGIES: Discussion and Cooperative Learning Approach

’Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. DAILY ROUTINE

1. Prayer
Everybody stand up and let us pray.
, please lead the prayer.

2. Greetings
Good morning class!
Good morning Sir !
3. Classroom Management
Before you take your seat kindly (Students will pick the pieces of trash
pick up the pieces of trash under then arrange their chairs properly.)
your chair and arrange your chair
properly.

Please be seated.

4. Checking of attendance
Angel, is there any absentee for
today?
 Very Good!

5. Checking of assignment
Did you do your assignment I gave
yesterday? Yes, Ma’am.

Very Good! Just keep it. I collect it

later.

6. Review
Who can recall our previous Ma’am !
lesson?

Yes,
Last meeting, we discussed about…

Very Good!

B. LESSON PROPER

1. Motivation
Before we proceed to the next
lesson let us first have our
preliminary activity.

Are you ready class?

“Tug of War”

This game is simple. I will group you into

two and you have to follow the
instructions.

Instruction
1. Each team stand on either side of the
rope, facing each other.
2. The team that is told to “STOP” will
stop while the other team pull and move
when they are told to “MOVE”.
3. Both teams must exert their maximum
effort to pull the rope towards their side.

Is that clear class?

Yes sir.
Congratulations to the winning group!
2. Presentation of Lesson
The game we just did have
something to do with our lesson for
today.

Class who among you here have an

idea about what is a force? Students raised their hands.

Yes, John.
Force sir is the pull or push applied to an
object.

Yes, correct. Very Good, John.

Now, Force is the fundamental

concept that describes the push or
pull on an object. It is a Vector
Quantity, which means it has both
magnitude and direction. Forces can
cause objects to accelerate and that
acceleration of an object is its rate of
change of velocity.

For example, I have here a toy truck.

As I exert force on this toy with my
hands, the force causes the box to
accelerate in the direction I am
pushing it. The greater the force I
exert, the faster the toy accelerate. If I
stop pushing, the toy car will
eventually come to a stop due to the
opposing force of friction.

There are different forces that cause

objects to accelerate. But, I will
discuss the three common forces.

1. Applied Force- is a force that is

directly applied to an object,
typically by a person or another
object.
2. Gravity-is a force that attracts
objects towards each other.
3. Friction-is a force that opposes the
motion of an object when it comes
into contact with another surface.
Any questions, class?
A student raised his hand. Sir, What will
happen if the force applied to the toy car is
greater than the force of friction?
Okay, According to Newton’s Second
Law of Motion, the Acceleration of an
object is directly proportional to the
net force acting on it and inversely
proportional to its mass. It can be
expressed as;

𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎

This means that a greater force will

result in a higher acceleration.
Conversely, if the mass of the object

is increased while the force remains

constant, the acceleration will
decrease. In this scenario, the car will
continue to accelerate as long as the
applied force remains greater than the
force of friction.

Am I clear, class?

Any question? Yes, sir.

None, sir.

C. GENERALIZATION

Okay moving forward let us discuss

that acceleration of an object is its
rate of change of velocity.

When we are in a stationary car that

moves rapidly to gain speed, we get
pushed back against our seat. And
when brakes are applied, we get
pushed ahead. Or when we take a
sharp right turn, we are pushed
towards the left. These are all
situations where we are accelerating.
We all experience this whether in a
car, or a bus or while riding a
motorcycle. Simply put, when velocity
changes, we have acceleration.

Yes, sir.
Examples:

A. A car is travelling in a straight line

 at a constant speed of 80 km/hr.

Do you understand, class?

B. A plane is travelling in a straight

line at a constant speed of 1000
km/hr.

In which case do you think class that

The car, sir?
acceleration is involved?

Yes, mark. I mean, none, sir.

The car? Are you sure mark? Check

again.

Yes correct. Very good, mark. None,

in both cases, the velocity is not
changing at all. Hence, there will be
acceleration in either of the cases.

Acceleration will only exist if there is a

change in velocity.

Do you remember what is velocity?

Velocity is the rate at which an

object’s position changes. It includes
both speed and direction.

Why is this important?

Let’s say a car moves from rest and

reaches a velocity of 20km/hr in 5
seconds.
 Yes, sir.

Will acceleration be involved here, Because the car’s velocity sir changes.
class?

Why?

Yes, correct. Because the velocity is

changing. Initially, it was zero and at
the end of five seconds it’s 20 km/hr. Yes, sir.

Did you understand class?

How is Acceleration calculated?

Acceleration is defined as the rate at

which an objects velocity changes
over time. Mathematically, it can be
written as;

𝑎 = ∆𝑣/𝑡

For example, this car is at rest at point

A and it then travels to the right and
attains the velocity of 10 m/s in five
seconds. What is the acceleration in
point B?

Given:
Initial velocity= 0m/s
Final velocity= 10 m/s
Time= 5 seconds

𝑎 = 𝑣0 − 𝑣𝑓 /𝑡

a= 10m/s – 0m/s / 5s
a= 10m/s/5s
 a= 2m/s2
Yes, sir.
So, the acceleration in this problem is
2m/s2.

Did you understand class?

C. APPLICATION

Get ½ sheet of paper. Answer the following

problem. The initial velocity is 0 (from rest) and the
final velocity is 36 km/h. Hence
1. A car accelerates from rest to a speed of
36 km/h in 20 seconds. What is the acceleration = ( 36 km/h - 0 ) / 20 seconds =
acceleration of the car in m/s2? 36 km/h / 20 seconds
We now convert 36 km/h into m/s as follows
Solution:
36 km/h = 36 * 1000 m / 3600 s = 10 m/s
acceleration = ( 36 km/h - 0 ) / 20 seconds =
36 km/h / 20 seconds acceleration = 10 m/s / 20 seconds = 0.5 m/s
We now convert 36 km/h into m/s as follows 2.

36 km/h = 36 * 1000 m / 3600 s = 10 m/s

acceleration = 10 m/s / 20 seconds = 0.5 m/s

2.
The initial velocity is 72 km/h and the final
2. A car slows down from a speed of 72 velocity is 0 (rest). Hence
km/h to rest in 25 seconds. What is the average acceleration = ( 0-72 km/h ) / (25
acceleration of the car in m/s 2 ? seconds) = -72 km/h / 25 seconds
We now convert 72 km/h into m/s as follows
Solution: 36 km/h = 72 * 1000 m / 3600 s = 20 m/s

The initial velocity is 72 km/h and the final

velocity is 0 (rest). Hence
average acceleration = ( 0-72 km/h ) / (25
seconds) = -72 km/h / 25 seconds
We now convert 72 km/h into m/s as follows
36 km/h = 72 * 1000 m / 3600 s = 20 m/s

D. ASSESSMENT

Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What is the definition of acceleration?

a) The rate of change of position
b) The rate of change of velocity
 c) The rate of change of speed
d) The rate of change of time

2. What are the units of acceleration in the

International System of Units (SI)?
a) Meters per second (m/s)
b) Meters per second squared (m/s²)
c) Meters per kilogram (m/kg)
d) Kilograms per second (kg/s) Answers:
1. b) The rate of change of velocity
3. If an object is moving with a constant 2. b) Meters per second squared (m/s²)
velocity, its acceleration is: 3. a) Zero
a) Zero 4. c) Negative
b) Positive 5. c) A satellite orbiting the Earth
c) Negative 6. b) Force
d) Cannot be determined 7. a) The car is moving forward and
speeding up.
4. When an object slows down, its 8. a) The acceleration doubles.
acceleration is: 9. c) Centripetal acceleration
a) Zero 10. b) The object is moving forward and
b) Positive slowing down.
c) Negative
d) Constant

5. Which of the following is an example of

centripetal acceleration?
a) A car accelerating on a straight road
b) A ball rolling down a hill
c) A satellite orbiting the Earth
d) A person running on a treadmill

6. According to Newton's Second Law of

Motion, acceleration is directly proportional to:
a) Mass
b) Force
c) Speed
d) Distance

7. If a car's acceleration is positive and its

velocity is positive, what can be said about its
motion?
a) The car is moving forward and speeding
up.
b) The car is moving forward and slowing
down.
c) The car is moving backward and
speeding up.
d) The car is moving backward and slowing
down.

8. What happens to the acceleration of an

object if the net force acting on it doubles?
a) The acceleration doubles.
b) The acceleration halves.
c) The acceleration quadruples.
d) The acceleration remains unchanged.
9. Which type of acceleration occurs when an
object changes its direction of motion without
changing its speed?
a) Tangential acceleration
b) Radial acceleration
c) Centripetal acceleration
d) Linear acceleration

10. If an object's acceleration is negative and

its velocity is positive, what can be said about
its motion?
a) The object is moving forward and
speeding up.
b) The object is moving forward and
slowing down.
c) The object is moving backward and
speeding up.
d) The object is moving backward and
slowing down.

Answers:
1. b) The rate of change of velocity
2. b) Meters per second squared (m/s²)
3. a) Zero
4. c) Negative
5. c) A satellite orbiting the Earth
6. b) Force
7. a) The car is moving forward and speeding
up.
8. a) The acceleration doubles.
9. c) Centripetal acceleration
10. b) The object is moving forward and
slowing down.

E. ASSIGNMENT

Study Uniform Circular Motion.

PREPARED BY:
JOHN PAUL D. TIMBAL
 ASSESSMENT

Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What is the definition of acceleration?

a) The rate of change of position
b) The rate of change of velocity
c) The rate of change of speed
d) The rate of change of time

2. What are the units of acceleration in the International System of Units (SI)?
a) Meters per second (m/s)
b) Meters per second squared (m/s²)
c) Meters per kilogram (m/kg)
d) Kilograms per second (kg/s)

3. If an object is moving with a constant velocity, its acceleration is:

a) Zero
b) Positive
c) Negative
d) Cannot be determined

4. When an object slows down, its acceleration is:

a) Zero
b) Positive
c) Negative
d) Constant

5. Which of the following is an example of centripetal acceleration?

a) A car accelerating on a straight road
b) A ball rolling down a hill
c) A satellite orbiting the Earth
d) A person running on a treadmill

6. According to Newton's Second Law of Motion, acceleration is directly proportional to:

a) Mass
b) Force
c) Speed
d) Distance

7. If a car's acceleration is positive and its velocity is positive, what can be said about its
motion?
a) The car is moving forward and speeding up.
b) The car is moving forward and slowing down.
c) The car is moving backward and speeding up.
d) The car is moving backward and slowing down.

8. What happens to the acceleration of an object if the net force acting on it doubles?
a) The acceleration doubles.
b) The acceleration halves.
c) The acceleration quadruples.
d) The acceleration remains unchanged.

9. Which type of acceleration occurs when an object changes its direction of motion without
changing its speed?
a) Tangential acceleration
 b) Radial acceleration
c) Centripetal acceleration
d) Linear acceleration

10. If an object's acceleration is negative and its velocity is positive, what can be said about its
motion?
a) The object is moving forward and speeding up.
b) The object is moving forward and slowing down.
c) The object is moving backward and speeding up.
d) The object is moving backward and slowing down.

ANSWER KEY:
1. b) The rate of change of velocity
2. b) Meters per second squared (m/s²)
3. a) Zero
4. c) Negative
5. c) A satellite orbiting the Earth
6. b) Force
7. a) The car is moving forward and speeding up.
8. a) The acceleration doubles.
9. c) Centripetal acceleration
10. b) The object is moving forward and slowing down.