Chapter 1

DUEÑAS GENERAL COMPREHENSIVE1 HIGH SCHOOL
SPECIAL PROGRAM IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
Chapter 1
Introduction to the Study
This chapter is divided into five parts: (1) Background of the Study, (2) Statement of the
Problem and Hypothesis, (3) Significance of Study, (4) Definition of Terms, and (5)
Scope and Delimitation of the Study.
Part One, Background of the Study, includes the potential contribution of the
study and the background information.
Part Two, Statement of the Problem and Hypotheses, indicates the purpose of
the investigation generally using both descriptive and inferential questions.
Part Three, Significance of the Study, includes the benefits to be derived from the
results of the study clarify and understanding.
Part Four, Definition of Terms, alphabetically lists and defines difficult words or
terms used in the study for clarity and understanding.
Part Five, Scope and Delimitation of the Study, gives brief and concise scope or
boundaries of the study.
Background of the Study
People have always dislike gray hairs brought about by aging. Thus resorting to
hair color treatments. But these might prove harmful to the scalp due to their strong
chemical contents. Nearly 50% of people over the age of 50 deal with the issue of
baldness and hair aging (Anggraini et al., 2019). Graying of hair is usually genetic hence
parents with gray hairs could potentially pass it onto their child.
Once the hair grows, new white hair or roots come out, prompting an individual to
get another color treatment. This cycle results in severe damage to the scalp, leading to
early-age hair fall, sensitive and inflamed scalp, and, in addition, damaged and dry hair,
split ends, breakage, and more.

Some dyes rely on strong chemicals, while others advertise natural ingredients.
However, not all dyes labeled “natural” are chemical-free. While some may not contain
chemical additives, natural hair dyes only use plants, herbs, and other natural
ingredients in place of synthetic chemicals.
Siam Weed or Chromolaena odorata is most commonly known in the Philippines
as ‘Hagonoy’. Hagonoy is considered an invasive plant species which is abundant in the
country. It is popular as a plant used to treat wounds and skin infections (Stuart, 2019).
The researchers have found out that using “Hagonoy” contains Saponins and Phenols
responsible for their colouration (Casas et al., 2016). Phenols are proven to be used in
the dye industry. They are used to dye hair with intensely colored dye’s(Clark,2023).
To address the need of eliminating white/gray hairs, the researchers decided to
pursue the study. Moreover, Siam Weed leaves have Phenolic Compounds needed in
the production of natural hair dyes. This strengthens the idea of utilizing Siam Weed
(Chromolaena odorata) leaves extract as a natural hair dye.
Research Paradigm
Independent Variables Dependent Variables
100% Siam Weed Leaves extract

Color
75% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 25% water
Odor
50% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 50% water
Color Fastness
Henna Natural Hair Dye(Control)
Figure 1.1 Shows the Research Paradigm of the Study

Statement of the Problem
Generally, this study was conducted to determine the acceptability of Siam Weed
leaves extract as an alternative hair dye. To obtain all the essential knowledge, data,
and information, the research sought to answer the following questions :
1. What is the sensory characteristic of Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) Leaves
Extract as Natural Hair Dye at different concentrations in terms of color?
a. 100% Siam Weed Leaves extract
b. 75% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 25% water
c. 50% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 50% water
d. Henna Natural Hair Dye(Control)
Extract as Natural Hair Dye at different concentrations in terms of odor?
3. What is the color fastness of Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) Leaves Extract as
Natural Hair Dye at different concentrations?

4. Is there a significant difference between the acceptability of Siam Weed
(Chromolaena odorata) Leaves Extract as Natural Hair Dye at different
concentrations and the Henna Natural Hair Dye in terms of color?
concentrations and the Henna Natural Hair Dye in terms of odor?
concentrations and the Henna Natural Hair Dye in terms of color fastness?

Hypothesis
Null Hypothesis
1. There is no significant difference on the acceptability of the Siam Weed Leaves
extract, a. 100% Siam Weed Leaves extract; b. 75% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 25%
water; c. 50% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 50% water; d. Henna Natural Hair
Dye(Control) in terms of color.
Dye(Control) in terms of odor.
Dye(Control) in terms of color fastness.
Definition of terms
To better understand the study, the conceptual and operational definitions are as
follows:
Extract means to obtain a substance from something else, for example by
using industrial or chemical processes (Collins Dictionary, n.d.).
In this study, this referred to the substance obtained from Siam Weed Leaves by
means of squeezing it with the use of a cheesecloth.
Hair is a slender threadlike outgrowth of the epidermis of an animal especially:
one of the usually pigmented filaments that form the characteristic coat of a mammal
(Merriam-Webster, 2023).
In this study, this referred to the subject to which the natural hair dye will be
applied and tested at.
Hair dye are chemicals that are used to change hair color (What are hair dyes?,
2019).
In this study, this referred to the product from the extracted Siam Weed leaves.
Leaves , any usually flattened green outgrowth from the stem of a vascular plant
(Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia, 2022).
In this study, this referred to the part of Siam Weed plant that is extracted to
produce natural hair dye.
Water is a substance composed of the chemical elements hydrogen and oxygen
and existing in gaseous, liquid, and solid states. It is one of the most plentiful and
essential of compounds (Zumdahl, S. S.,2023).
In this study, this referred to one of the ingredients added to the extracted Siam
Weed Leaves to make it thicker.
Color is a phenomenon of light (such as red, brown, pink, or gray) or visual
perception that enables one to differentiate otherwise identical objects (Merriam-
Webster, n.d.)
In this study, this referred to as one of the dependent variables that was tested.
Odor is a sensation perceived by the sense of smell; scent (“Dictionary.com |
Meanings & Definitions of English Words,” 2020).
Color fastness is the resistance of a material to change in any of its colour
characteristics, including the transfer of its colorants to adjacent materials( ProductIP,
n.d.).
Significance of the Study
This study aimed at providing a natural and cheaper hair dye out of Siam Weed
leaves extract. This is beneficial to the following:
To hair dye manufacturer since they can produce hair dye from Siam Weed
leaves that are abundant everywhere.
To the customer, providing with a cheaper and natural hair dye alternative.
To the environment, since this study promotes the use of eco-friendly product
from local plants.
Lastly, to the future researchers, as reference source from similar studies.
Scope and Delimitation of the Study
This study is entitled “Acceptability of Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) Leaves
Extract as a Natural Hair Dye”. The research includes the substances that are needed in
making the alternative hair dye, such as azo dye which was extracted from Siam Weed
leaves. The Siam Weed Plants were gathered from Brgy. Capuling, Dueñas, Iloilo. Siam
Weed leaves were used since Siam Weed is abundant and because of the extract’s
tinted property. 20 respondents evaluated the Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata)
Leaves Extract as a Natural Hair Dye at different concentrations and the Henna Natural
Hair Dye (Control). The test used for pilot testing was Cronbach Alpha and the statistical
tool used in this study was ANOVA. There were three dependent variables that were
tested: color, odor, and color fastness.
This study was conducted at Dueñas General Comprehensive High School
Laboratory last December 2023. The study involved a series of testing and evaluation of
the proposed alternative hair dye. The study used human white hair strands for each
concentration needed.
Chapter 2
Review of Related Literature
Chapter 2 includes three parts: (1) Siam Weed Leaves, (2) Natural Hair dye, and (3)
Summary.
Part one, Siam Weed leaves, is a discussion of related literature's about the
components of Siam weed leaves. Likewise, it discusses what components can make
Siam Weed leaves a natural hair dye.
Part Two, Natural Hair dye, discusses how or what methods can make the extracts
of Hagonoy leaves a natural hair dye. Likewise, it enumerates the factors affecting the
color of the hair dye and discusses it's color fastness.
Part three, Summary, summarizes researches relevant to the present study.
Siam Weed leaves
Chromolaena odorata or Hagonoy is one of the invasive and abundant plants in the
Philippines. Hagonoy (Chromolaena odorata) is a weed belonging to the Asteraceae
family which has now become so common in the Philippines since its introduction from
South America through the country's southern backdoor in the 1960's. It is said to be a
herbal cure for some skin infections and as a blood clotting agent on open wounds.
Other researches have suggested that "Hagonoy" can be made as an antimicrobial,
wound healing, hemostatic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, anticancer,
hypoglycemic, insecticidal, and etc. It also contain nitrogen for soil amelioration
(Information Bulletin on Biological Control of ‘Hagonoy’, 2003).
Cassas et al.(2016) have found that using "Hagonoy", color changes because of the
presence of Saponins and Phenols. Phenols are a class of organic compounds
containing a hydroxyl group and a benzene ring, the simplest of which is referred to as
phenol (Gattey,2008). Other substituted phenols are used in the dye industry to make
intensely colored azo dyes(Clark,2023).
According to Stuart Jr. (2019), the active phenolic phytochemical substances yielded
on Siam weed (Hagonoy) dried leaves are flavonoid aglycones (flavanones, flavonols,
flavones) including acacetin, chalcones, eupatilin,and etc.; essential oils; alkaloids
including pyrrolizidine; saponins and tannins; phenolic acids including ferulic acid and
protocatechuic acid; and phytoprostane compound including chromomoric acid.
The principle coloring found in natural dyes are: lawsone, apigenin, juglone,
curcuminoids, quercetin, alkaloids, flavonoids resins, polyacetylenes, triterpenes,
glycosides, gualazune, brazilein, santalin A and B, Anthraquinones, tannins and
polysaccharides, Triolein, Tripalmitin, Trilinolein, Squalene and Tocopherol, and etc.
(Shahi et al., 2017). In other words Hagonoy leaves have the components that can make
a natural hair dye. Phenolic compounds are also one of the component of Siam Weed
leaves that can make natural hair dye's
Amongst all compounds, phenolic acids, a subclass of plant phenolics, account for
about 35 percent of all polyphenols. Phenolic acids are an immensely skin-healthy type
of natural plant antioxidant. Caffeic acid, benzoic acid, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, and
trans-cinnamic acid are other subclasses of these compounds(Sharma, n.d.).
Bernardo & Laureta (2020), stated that the biosphere is gifted as more than 500
plant species which yield natural dyes. With the worldwide concern over the use of eco-
friendly and biodegradable materials, the use of natural dyes has undoubtedly once
again gained interest and momentum. The results of the study showed that it has
phenolic and flavonoids content, Further ferric ion reducing antioxidant power, with this
the researcher will be using Atsuete and Alugbati plants to formulate hair dye.
According to Im & Jeon (2016), products derived from laccase-catalyzed coupling
reactions of plant-derived phenols can be used to dye gray hair through extincubation
DUEÑAS GENERAL COMPREHENSIVE10HIGH SCHOOL
and can be developed as alternatives to commercially avalable dyes. Such alternatives
are important, since commercial hair-dyeing agents are based on phenylenediamine
(PPD), PPD-related diamine compounds, and hydrogen peroxide, which have been
shown to be t carcinogenic, and allergenic to humans.
Natural hair dyes
Natural hair dyes contain plant-based ingredients rather than harsher chemicals.
The dyes included in this article feature ingredients such as henna, rhubarb root, an
indigo powder as alternatives to chemicals (Natural hair dyes: 5 of the best, 2017).
According to Panse (2023), natural hair dye is hair dye extracted from plants and
vegetables. It is usually used in a pure extract form and does not contain chemicals like
Ammonia, Resorcinol and Phenylenediamine which are found in commercial hair dyes:
Being non-toxic, natural hair dyes do not pose a health or environmental hazard. They
do not harm the hair structure, can even help with conditioning and hair moisturizing,
and so are generally good for long-term use.
According to Im & Jeon (2016), the results demonstrated that it is possible to dye
hair from gray to deep black. While the pH 3 and pH 11 conditions had little effect on
delta E (color difference), the resulting color was noticeably different. The color of the
hair also changed depending on which pH adjusting agent was used. Despite similar
delta E values, color parameters of the hair were relatively disparate under different
conditions, consistent with the observed diversity. Detergent resistance tests revealed
that all conditions maintained delta E values against 200mg of SDS (Sodium dodecyl
sulfate) treatments in general. This demonstrated that the use of polymeric dyes, either
with or without mordanting, resulted in permanent dyeing.
Analyses of enzyme kinetic constants, liquid chromatography, and electrospray
ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) coupled with collision-induced dissociation

MS/MS(tandem mass spectrometry) show that both monomers in reactions involving
catechin and catechol, as well as ferulic acid and syringic acid, are colored by
heteropolymer synthesis, whereas the gallic acid/syringic acid combination is based on
homopolymer mixture formation. When used to dye gray hair, each material coloured
hair appropriately and the dyeing showed excellent resistance to conventional
shampooing (Kim et al., 2010).
According to Sankar et al. (2021), the results show that there is no significant color
wash as a result of soap and shampoo washes. AE values(color difference) ranged from
0.213 to 0.435 for shampoo washes and 0.259 to 0.644 for soap washes. Cationic guar
molecules have a positive side chain change and easily develop an ionic bond with the
negative changed hair, providing a shield to the hair while maintaining its hydrophobic
nature and minimizing color leach outs. A chromometer was used to test the color
uptake and retention of henna-based herbal hair dyes. Color fading was measured after
three consecutive washes with leading market shampoo and soap samples. People in
rural areas use soap for hair cleansing. Soaps with a higher pH, greater than 9.0, open
the cuticles easily and cause color fading. Delta E values(color difference) for one set of
dyed hair swatches washed with leading shampoo and another set washed with soap
samples.
The air-dried, course pulverized herbal drugs (5 kg each) were extracted with
distilled water. Fourteen herbal hair colorants were prepared by mixing dried aqueous
herbal extracts and powdered herbs, in sufficient quantity of distilled water to make
uniform viscous paste. Sufficient quantities of anti-oxidants and preservatives were also
added. A 30% w/v solution of reetha was prepared by boiling reetha pericarp with
distilled water for half an hour. The extract was filtered and used as a natural detergent
for washing of coloured sheep wool fibers. Patch test, a small quantity of each hair
formulation was applied on the back portion (skin) of the ear. Applying herbal hair
colorants on bleached sheep wool fibers. Testing the coloured wool fiber if there is any
effect depending on the room temperature, sunlight, natural detergent, and human
volunteers(Singh, 2015).
The Researchers evaluated the absorbance level of the Atsuete-Alugbati hair dye
via spectrophotometer and found that the treatment (20ml atsuete seeds dye with 10ml
Alugbati stem dye) formulation yield for the least absorbance of light(Bernardo, 2019).
According to (Pal et al., 2018), henna leaves and hibiscus flowers were collected
from the PSIT herb garden. They are quality certified in the Institute's Pharmacognosy
Laboratory. Reetha, coffee, tea, shikakai, amla, bringraj and jatamansi were all in
powder form and were obtained in powder form from authorized distributors in local
markets. Henna leaves and hibiscus flowers were shade-dried and ground to a coarse
powder. All ingredients were then evenly mixed to create a uniform formulation. Powder
packs are applied weekly to wet hair to form a paste of optimum consistency in water.
Apply evenly with a brush from root to tip. The scalp should be covered. It should be left
on the scalp for 2-3 hours until it dries completely. After that, it must be removed by
washing with fresh water. A patch test is usually done by dabbing a small amount of
aqueous hair dye solution onto a tom area behind the ear or inside the elbow, letting it
dry, and observing for signs of irritation. Stability testing of the prepared formulations
was performed by storing for 1 month under various temperature conditions.
Prepare dye preparation and prepare a simple dye solution, first mix five milliliters of
distilled water with one milliliter of the concentrated, desalted polymeric dye. Next,
prepare a mordent solution by combining one milliliter of the concentrated desalted
polymeric dye, five milliliters of distilled water, and 0.33 grams of iron sulfate. Make an
acidic dye solution by measuring five milliliters of distilled water and then adjusting the
pH to three, using hydrochloric acid. Add one milliliter of desalted polymeric dye solution
and 0.33 grams of iron sulfate. Then, prepare an alkaline dye solution by adjusting the
pH of five milliliters of distilled water to 11 using sodium hydroxide. Add one milliliter of
the polymeric dye stock, and 0.33 grams of iron sulfate (Im & Jeon, 2016).
Summary
Siam Weed or commonly known in the Philippines as called 'Hagonoy'. Siam Weed
is an invasive weed species and a herbaceous perennial that forms dense tangled
bushes. Siam weed (Hagonoy) dried leaves are flavonoid aglycones; essential oils;
alkaloids including pyrrolizidine; saponins and tannins; phenolic acids and
protocatechuic acid; and phytoprostane compound. Phenolic compounds are also one of
the component of Siam Weed leaves that can make natural hair dye's. Phenols are a
class of organic compounds containing a hydroxyl group and a benzene ring. It has been
found that Phenols can make color changes for 'Hagonoy, Phenolic and flavanoid
contents can be used to formulate a natural hair dye. Plant-derived phenols can be used
to dye gray hair through in situ incubation and can be developed as alternatives to
commercially available dyes.
With the worldwide concern over the use of eco-friendly and biodegradable
materials, Natural hair dyes are recognized more and more. Natural hair dyes use
plants, herbs, and other natural ingredients in place of synthetic chemicals. Natural hair
dyes are important since commercial hair-dyeing agents are based on p-
phenylenediamine (PPD), PPD-related diamine compounds, and hydrogen peroxide,
which have been shown to be toxic, carcinogenic, and allergenic to humans. The color of
the hair dye changes depending on which pH agent was used, Cationic guar molecules
have a positive side chain change and easily develop an ionic bond with the negative
changed hair, providing a shield to the hair while maintaining its hydrophobic nature and
minimizing color leach outs.

There are a lot of tests that can be used to test the color fastness of the natural hair
dye. Color uptake and retention of henna-based herbal hair dyes can be tested using a
chromometer. A patch test is carried out by dabbing a small amount of aqueous hair dye
solution onto a 1cm² area behind the ear or inside the elbow, allowing it to dry, and then
observing for signs of irritation. The prepared formulations were tested for by storing
them for one month at various temperatures and lastly a spectrophotometer is a color
measurement device used to capture and evaluate color. Detergent resistance tests
revealed that all conditions maintained delta E values against 200mg of SDS (Sodium
dodecyl sulfate) treatments in general. This demonstrated that the use of polymeric
dyes, either with or without mordanting, resulted in permanent dyeing.

Chapter 3
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
This chapter includes the research design, materials, and data gathering
procedure which aimed to find out the Acceptability of Siam Weed Leaves
(Chromolaena odorata) as an alternative to commercial hair dyes.
The Research Design
This study entitled “Acceptability of Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) Leaves
extract as Natural Hair Dye” is an experimental research that conducted a series of
observations and testing to measure the acceptability of the product. The product was
created to find an alternative solution to the expensive colorants with extreme amount of
chemicals.
The chosen research design was Post- Test only Controlled Group:
Siam Weed Leaves Extract

Hair Dye in different Observation
concentrations
Henna Natural Observation

Hair Dye
Figure 3.1 Shows the selected research design of the study
Methodology
Materials:
350 mL Distilled Water 4 Beakers Stirring Rod
Colorimeter 3 Mortar and Pestle 4.2 g Ferrous Sulfate
Electric Hair Dryer 1,200 white hair strands Blender
2.5 kg of Siam Weed Leaves (15 cm long) White Cloth
Brush Cheesecloth Filter Paper

A. Collecting and Extracting the Siam Weed Leaves
1. Siam Weed Leaves were gathered from Barangay Capuling, Duenas, Iloilo.
2. The leaves were washed thoroughly and air dried for 30 minutes and
weighed
3. The Siam Weed Leaves were pounded using the mortar and pestle and a
blender.
4. The tinted extract was separated from it’s residue with the use of
cheesecloth.
5. A 225-ml, Siam Weed Leaves extract was gathered.
B. Preparing the Different Concentrations of Siam Weed Leaves extract
1. 3 beakers were labeled 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 respectively.
2. The collected 225 ml of Siam Weed Leaves extract was measured. The 100
mL Siam weed Leaves extract was poured in a beaker with label 1.1. The
75 mL was poured in a beaker with label 1.2, and 50 mL Siam Weed
Leaves extract was poured in beaker with label of 1.3.
3. The 25 mL of distilled water was added in the beaker with label 1.2.
4. The 50 mL of distilled water was added in the beaker with label 1.3.
5. All the ingredients in each beaker were mixed by stirring with the use of a
stirring rod.
C. Preparing the Mordant Solutions
1. 4.2 g of Ferrous Sulfate was weighed.
2. The ferrous sulfate was then poured into a beaker.
3. 1 cup (225 ml) of warm water was added and was stirred well to dissolve
completely.
4. The undissolved grains of Ferrous Sulfate was strained out with a filter paper.
D. Dyeing Process
1. The dye was applied on the hair (300 strands,15 cm long per concentration).
2. The hair was soaked in the dye in different concentration.
3. The dyed hair strand was soaked for 30 minutes in the Mordant Solution.
Testing Process
A. Color & Odor
The researchers prepared a researcher-made sensory evaluation sheet. It
undergone pilot testing before it was given to the participants. 20 DGCHS teachers
participated in which they were chosen through purposive sampling.
B. Color Fastness
The samples of the hair that were dyed, were rinsed twice in purified water and
washed in running water for 10 minutes. The wet part of the hair was then pressed
onto the white cloth. The dyes color fastness is determined by the amount of color
that comes off from the white cloth.

Chapter 4
RESULTS, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter presents the results and interpretation of data gathered on the study
“Acceptability of Siam Weed (Choromolaena odorata) Leaves extract as a Natural Hair
Dye”. These are presented in tables following the sequence of this research study.
Table 4.1 Mean Results on the Sensory Characteristics in terms of color of the natural
hair dye at different concentrations.
B(5)- Black BG(4)- Blackish Green DG(3)- Dark Green
LB(2)- Light Brown G(1)- Gray
Color
a. 100% Siam b. 75% Siam c. 50% Siam d. Henna
Weed Weed Leaves Weed Leaves Natural Hair
Leaves Extract Extract: 25% Extracts:50% Dye
Respondents water water (Control)
B BG DG LB G B BG DG LB G B BG DG LB G B BG DG LB G
(5) (4) (3) (2) (1) (5) (4) (3) (2) (1) (5) (4) (3) (2) (1) (5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
Total 3 9 7 1 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 1 18 1 20 0 0 0 0
Percentage 15% 45% 35% 5% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%0%0% 0% 5% 90% 5% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Color
As shown on the table,in concentration A (100% Siam Weed Leaves Extract),
15% of the respondents evaluated the color of the dyed hair as Black(B), 45% of the
respondents evaluated the color of the dyed hair as Blackish Green(BG), 35% of the
respondents evaluated the color of dyed hair as Dark Green(DG), and 5% of
respondents evaluated the the color of dyed hair as Light Brown(LB). In concentration B
(75% Siam Weed Leaves Extract : 25% water), 100% of the respondents evaluated the
color of dyed hair as Light Brown(LB). While in concentration C (50% Siam Weed
Leaves Extract : 50% water), 90% of the respondents evaluated the color of the hair also
as Light Brown(LB), 5% as Dark Green(DG), and 5% as Gray(G). Using Henna Natural
Hair Dye (Control), 100% of the respondents evaluated the color of the dyed hair as
Black(B).
Table 4.2 Mean Results on the Sensory Characteristics in terms of odor of the natural
HA(5)- Highly Acceptable MA(4)-Moderately Acceptable A(3)-Acceptable
Total 1 5 5 3 6 4 3 9 4 0 3 4 6 6 1 9 2 5 4 0
Percentage 5% 25% 25% 15% 30% 20% 15% 45% 20% 0% 15% 20% 30% 30% 5% 45% 10% 25% 20% 0%
Odor
Weed Leaves Weed Leaves Weed Leaves Natural Hair
Extract Extract: 25% Extract:50 % Dye
Respondents water water (Control)
HA MA A FA PA HA MA A FA PA HA MA A FA PA HA MA A FA PA
(5) (4) (3) (2) (1) (5) (4) (3) (2) (1) (5) (4) (3) (2) (1) (5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
FA(2)- Fairly Acceptable PA(1)- Poorly Acceptable
Odor
As shown on the table, in concentration A (100% Siam Weed Leaves Extract),
5% of the respondents evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as Highly Acceptable(HA),
25% of the respondents evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as Moderately
Acceptable(MA), 25% of the respondents evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as
Acceptable(A), 15% of respondents evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as Fairly
Acceptable(FA), and 30% of the respondents evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as
Poorly Acceptable(PA). In concentration B (75% Siam Weed Leaves Extract : 25%
water), 20% of the respondents evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as Highly
Acceptable(HA), 15% of the respondents evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as
Moderately Acceptable(MA), 45% of the respondents evaluated the odor of the dyed hair
as Acceptable(A), and 20% of respondents evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as Fairly
Acceptable(FA). While in concentration C (50% Siam Weed Leaves Extract : 50%
water), 15% of the respondents evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as Highly
Acceptable(HA), 20% of the respondents evaluated the dyed hair as Moderately
Acceptable(MA), 30% of the respondents evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as
Acceptable(A), 30% of respondents evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as Fairly
Acceptable(FA), and 5% of the respondents evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as
Poorly Acceptable(PA). Using Henna Natural Hair Dye(Control), 45% of the respondents
evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as Highly Acceptable(HA), 10% of the respondents
evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as Moderately Acceptable(MA), 25% of the
respondents evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as Acceptable(A), and 20% of
respondents evaluated the odor of the dyed hair as Fairly Acceptable(FA).

Table 4.3 Mean Results of the Observation Table in terms of colorfastness of the natural
HA(5)- Highly Acceptable MA(4)-Moderately Acceptable A(3)-Acceptable
FA(2)- Fairly Acceptable PA(1)- Poorly Acceptable
Color Fastness
Weed Weed Leaves Weed Leaves Natural Hair
Leaves Extract Extract: 25% Extracts:50% Dye
Trials water water (Control)
HA MA A FA PA HA MA A FA PA HA MA A FA PA HA MA A FA PA
(5) (4) (3) (2) (1) (5) (4) (3) (2) (1) (5) (4) (3) (2) (1) (5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
Total 1 2 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0
Percentage 33% 67% 0% 0% 0% 100 0% 0% 0% 0% 67% 33% 0% 0% 0% 0% 67% 33 0% 0%

% %
Color Fastness
As shown on the table, in concentration A (100% Siam Weed Leaves Extract),
33% of the 3 trials is Highly Acceptable(HA) in terms of color fastness and 67% as
Moderately Acceptable(MA) using concentration a (100% Siam Weed Leaves Extract).
In concentration B (75% Siam Weed Leaves Extract : 25% water), 100% of the 3 trials is
Highly Acceptable(HA) in terms of colorfastness. While in concentration C (50% Siam
Weed Leaves Extract : 50% water), 67% of the of the 3 trials is Highly Acceptable(HA) in
terms of color fastness and 33% as Moderately Acceptable(MA). Using Henna Natural
Hair Dye(Control), 67% of the 3 trials is Moderately Acceptable(MA) in terms of color
fastness and 33% as Acceptable.

Table 4.4 Shows the Summary of Results in terms of color of the natural hair dye at
different concentrations.
Concentrations Mean Color
a.100% Siam Weed

3.7 Blackish Green
Leaves Extract
b. 75% Siam Weed

2 Light Brown
Leaves Extract : 25%
water
c. 50% Siam Weed

2 Light Brown
water
d. Henna Natural Hair Dye 5 Black

(Control)
Range
4.50-5.00 Black
3.50-4.49 Blackish Green
2.50-3.49 Dark Green
1.50-2.49 Light Brown
1.00-1.49 Gray
Based on the results of the table, the mean of A. (100% Siam Weed Leaves
Extract) is 3.7, the mean of B. (75% Siam Weed Leaves Extract : 25% water) and C.
(50% Siam Weed Leaves Extract : 50% water) is 2. Lastly, the mean of D. Henna
Natural Hair Dye (Control) is 5.
Based on the range given, the color of A. (100% Siam Weed Leaves Extract) is
Blackish Green. The color of B. (75% Siam Weed Leaves Extract : 25% water) and C.
(50% Siam Weed Leaves Extract : 50% water) is Light Brown. The color of D. Henna
Natural Hair Dye (Control) is Black.
According to Im & Jeon (2016), plant-derived phenols can be used to dye gray
hair and can be developed as alternatives to commercially available dyes. Cassas et al.
(2016) have found that using "Hagonoy", color changes because of the presence of
Saponins and Phenols. It is proven that plants with phenolic compunds could be a
natural hair dye.
Table 4.5 ANOVA Table of the color of the natural hair dye at different concentrations.
Sources of Variation SS df MS F
Between Groups 127.35 3 42.45 227.005
Within Groups 14.2 76 0.187
Total 141.55 79
The table value set at .05 level of significance is 2.725. Since the computed
value of F of 227.005 exceeded the tabular value of 2.725, the null hypothesis of no
difference among means is rejected and the alternative hypothesis that the means of 4
groups are not the same is accepted.

Table 4.6 Shows the Summary of Results in terms of odor of the natural hair dye at
different concentrations.
Concentrations Mean Odor
a.100% Siam Weed

2.6 Acceptable
Leaves Extract
b. 75% Siam Weed

3.35 Acceptable
water
c. 50% Siam Weed

3.1 Acceptable
water
d. Henna Natural Hair Dye 3.8 Moderately

Acceptable
(Control
Range
4.50-5.00 Highly Acceptable
3.50-4.49 Moderately Acceptable
2.50-3.49 Acceptable
1.50-2.49 Fairly Acceptable
1.00-1.49 Poorly Acceptable

Extract) is 2.6, the mean of B. (75% Siam Weed Leaves Extract : 25% water) is 3.35 and
C. (50% Siam Weed Leaves Extract : 50% water) is 3.1. Lastly, the mean of d. Henna
Natural Hair Dye (Control) is 3.8.
Based on the range given, the odor of A. (100% Siam Weed Leaves Extract) is
Acceptable. The odor of B. (75% Siam Weed Leaves Extract : 25% water) is Acceptable.
The odor of C. (50% Siam Weed Leaves Extract : 50% water) is Acceptable. The odor of
d. Henna Natural Hair Dye (Control) is Moderately Acceptable.
Table 4.7 ANOVA Table of the odor of the natural hair dye at different concentrations.
Between Groups 15.0375 3 5.0125 3.515
Total 123.3875 79
The table value set at .05 level of significance is 2.725. Since the computed
value of F of 3.515 exceeded the tabular value of 2.725, the null hypothesis of no
difference among means is rejected and the alternative hypothesis that the means of 4
groups are not the same is accepted.

Table 4.8 Shows the Summary of Results in terms of color fastness of the natural hair
dye at different concentrations.
Concentrations Mean Color Fastness
a.100% Siam Weed

4.33 Highly Acceptable
Leaves Extract
b. 75% Siam Weed Moderately

5 Acceptable
water
c. 50% Siam Weed

4.67 Highly Acceptable
water
d. Henna Natural Hair Dye 3.67 Moderately

Acceptable
(Control
Range
4.50-5.00 Highly Acceptable
3.50-4.49 Moderately Acceptable
2.50-3.49 Acceptable
1.50-2.49 Fairly Acceptable
1.00-1.49 Poorly Acceptable

Extract) is 4.33, the mean of B. (75% Siam Weed Leaves Extract : 25% water) is 5 and
C. (50% Siam Weed Leaves Extract : 50% water) is 4.67. Lastly, the mean of D. Henna
Natural Hair Dye (Control) is 3.67.
Based on the range given, the colorfastness of A. (100% Siam Weed Leaves
Extract) is Moderately Acceptable. The colorfastness of B. (75% Siam Weed Leaves
Extract : 25% water) is Highly Acceptable. The colorfastness of C. (50% Siam Weed
Leaves Extract : 50% water) is Highly Acceptable. The odor of D. Henna Natural Hair
Dye (Control) is Moderately Acceptable.
According to Im & Jeon (2016), detergent resistance tests revealed that all
conditions maintained delta E values against 200mg of SDS (Sodium dodecyl sulfate)
treatments in general. This demonstrated that the use of polymeric dyes, either with or
without mordanting, resulted in permanent dyeing. Based on the results, the mordant
solutions helped the dye to stick to the white hairs.
Table 4.9 ANOVA Table of the color fastness of the natural hair dye at different
concentrations.
Between Groups 2.9067 3 0.9689 3.856
Total 4.9167 11
The table value set at .05 level of significance is 7.59. Since the computed value
of F of 3.856 has not exceeded the tabular value of 7.59, the null hypothesis of no
difference among means is accepted and the alternative hypothesis that the means of 4
groups are not the same is rejected.
Chapter 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATION
This chapter presents the summary obtained statistically, conclusion from the
obtained results, and recommendation for future undertakings.
The main problem of the study was to find out the acceptability of Siam Weed
leaves extract in different concentrations as an alternative hair dye.
Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:
Extract as Natural Hair Dye in different concentrations in terms of color?
Extract as Natural Hair Dye in different concentrations in terms of odor?
3. What is the color fastness of Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) Leaves Extract as
Natural Hair Dye in different concentrations?

(Chromolaena odorata) Leaves Extract as Natural Hair Dye in different
concentrations and the Henna Natural Hair Dye in terms of color?
concentrations and the Henna Natural Hair Dye in terms of odor?
concentrations and the Henna Natural Hair Dye in terms of color fastness?

Summary of findings
This study is a quantitative study which was designed to investigate the
“Acceptability of Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) Leaves Extract as a Natural Hair
Dye.” A purposive sampling technique was employed in which researcher-made sensory
evaluation sheets were respectively distributed to 20 DGCHS Teachers.
1. In terms of color, concentration (A), the color is blackish green. For
concentration (B) and (C), the color is light brown. Lastly for concentration (D) (control),
the color is black.
2. In terms of odor, the summary of results showed that concentration (A), (B),
and (C) are all acceptable, while concentration D (control) as moderately acceptable in
terms of odor.
3. In terms of color fastness, it was observed that concentration (B) and (C) were
highly acceptable in terms of its color fastness. Furthermore, concentration (A) and
concentration D (control) were moderately acceptable in terms of its color fastness.
4. There is a significant difference between most concentrations except
concentration b and c.
5. There is a significant difference between concentration a and d, and the others
have no significant difference.
6. There is no significant difference between the different concentrations.

Conclusions
Based on the summarized results, the following conclusion was obtained:
The researchers therefore conclude that the color of the natural hair dye
becomes darker once the concentration is more pure but it becomes lighter once water
was added. The researchers also conclude that the odor of the hair dye from Siam
Weed leaves extract is acceptable regardless if the concentration is pure or not. While
the colorfastness of the natural hair dye slightly differs according to its concentrations.
Once the concentration is more pure, it visibly leaves a stain but if the concentration is
not pure, it barely leaves a stain.
Recommendations
This study was concerned at determining the acceptability of Siam Weed as a
natural hair dye at different concentrations.
The researchers recommend that further studies be conducted on the effect of
the natural hair dye at different concentrations. The researchers also suggest to make
the natural hair dye but with different concentrations to prove that the color may vary
depending on its concentration. Although the odor is acceptable in all three
concentrations, the researchers suggest to improve its odor by adding essential oils to
make it smell better. As for its colorfastness, the researchers would suggest to soak the
dyed hairs in the mordant solution longer to make it stay longer and make the natural
hair dye permanent.

It is advised to patch test the natural hair dye in order to know if it is toxic to the
scalp or skin. Likewise, the use of other local plants or trees that contains phenols and
tannins like mangosteen and atsuete are highly recommended in the making of natural
hair dyes.
DUEÑAS GENERAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL 32
REFERENCES
Anggraini, D. R., Feriyawati, L., Hidayat, H., & Wahyuni, A. S. (2019). Risk Factors
Associated with Premature Hair Greying of Young Adult. Open access
Macedonian journal of medical sciences, 7(22), 3762–3764.
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.498
Bernardo, J., & Laureta, H. (2020). Formulation and Evaluation of Hair Dye From
Atsuete (Bixa orellana L.)Seeds. Dagupan City, Pangasinan, Philippines;
Pangasinan State University, Binmaley Campus.
Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2023). leaf. Encyclopedia Britannica.
https://www.britannica.com/science/leaf-plant-anatomy
Casas, G. M., Delalamon, S., Mayol, S. M., Umpad, D. D., & Arong, E. (2016).
Phytochemical screening on Chromolaena odorata Linn. (hagonoy) leaf extract
using aqueous and ethanol solvents. Cebu City; College of Arts and Sciences,
Department of Biology, Cebu Doctors' University.
Clark, J. (2023). Making an Azo Dye from Phenol. Cornwall, England; Chemguide.co.uk
Crop Protection Division Davao Research Center Agricultural Research & Development
Branch Philippine Coconut Authority Bago-Oshiro (2003). Information
Bulletin on Biological Control of 'Hagonoy.' Tugbok District, Davao City.
Dictionary.com | Meanings & Definitions of English Words. (2020). In Dictionary.com.
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/odor
Gattey, D. (2018). Phenols. Phenols - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics. Retrieved
January 23, 2023, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience

/phenols
HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. (n.d.). Extract definition and meaning: Collins
englishdictionary. Extract definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary.
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/extract
Im, K.M., & Jeon, J.R (2016). Synthesis of Plant Phenol-derived Polymeric Dyes for
Direct or Mordant-based Hair Dyeing. J. Vis. Exp. (118), e54772,
doi:10.3791/54772.
Jeon, J. R., Kim, E. J., Murugesan, K., Park, H. K., Kim, Y. M., Kwon, J. H., Kim, W. G.,
Lee, J. Y., & Chang, Y. S. (2010). Laccase-catalysed polymeric dye synthesis
from plant derived phenols for potential application in hair dyeing: Enzymatic
colourations Driven by homo-or hetero-polymer synthesis. Microbial
biotechnology, 3(3),324-335. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7915.2009. 00153.x
MediLexicon International, (2017). Natural hair dyes: 5 of the best. Medical News Today.
Retrieved January 23, 2023, from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/
natural-hair-dye
Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Color. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved April 2,
2024, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/color
Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Hair. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved May 26,
2023, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hair
Pal, R., Pal, Y., Rai, A. K., Wal, P., & Wal, A. (2018). PDF. NH-2, Bhauti, Kanpur (U.P),
209305, India; Department of Pharmacy, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology.
Panse S.(2023). What is natural hair dye? Beauty Answered. Retrieved January
23, 2023, from https://www.beautyanswered.com/what-is-natural-hair-dye.htm
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/kb/productipedia/compliance-resources/colour-astness-of-textiles
Remedy Health Media. (2019). What are hair dyes? - healthcentral. HealthCentral.
https://www.healthcentral.com/condition/hair-dyes
Sankar J., Kini M., Mhaskar S., & Sathe N. (2021) Evaluation of Herbal Henna Based
HairColour Retention Study through Chromo Meter. Hair Therapy Transplant.
11:164
Shahi Z., Khajeh Mehrizi M., & Hadizadeh M. (2017).A Review of the Natural Resources
Used to Hair Color and Hair Care Products Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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formulations on graying hair. Pharmacognosy research7(3),259-
262.https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-8490. 157976
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21, 2023, from http://www.stuartxchange.org/Hagonoy
Zumdahl, S. S. (2023). water. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/
science/water
PLATES
Plate no. 1: Preparation of materials.

Plate no. 2: Gathering the Siam Weed Leaves.

Plate no. 3: Separating the leaves from its stem.

Plate no. 4: Pounding the leaves to get its extract.

Plate no. 5: Blending the leaves to make the extracting process faster.
Plate no. 6: Extracting the leaves using a cheesecloth.

Plate no. 7: Preparing the different concentrations of the natural hair dye.
Plate no. 8: Preparing the Mordant Solution.

Plate no. 9: Dyeing the white hair with the different concentration of the natural hair dye
and the control variable.

Plate no. 10: Soaking the natural hair dye to the mordants solution.
Plate no. 11: Drying the dyed hair using an electric hair dryer.
Plate no. 12: The dyed hair using 100% Siam Weed Leaves Extract.
Plate no. 13: The dyed hair using 75% Siam Weed Leaves Extract: 25% water.
Plate no. 14: The dyed hair using 50% Siam Weed Leaves Extract: 50% water.
Plate no. 15: The dyed hair using Henna Natural Hair Dye (Control).
Plate no. 16: The researchers after conducting their study.

APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LETTERS
this letter to
request
7:30 AM to 5:30
(SGD)
(SGD)
AUSTIN LUKE C. JOAQUIN (SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
AUSTIN LUKE C. JOAQUIN
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
AUSTIN LUKE C. JOAQUIN (SGD)
(SGD)
(SGD)
APPENDIX B
TALLY SHEET
TALLY SHEET
Blackish Light
COLOR Black Green Dark Green Brown Gray
a. 100 %
Siam Weed 3 9 7 1 0
Leaves
Extract
b. 75% Siam
Weed 0 0 0 20 0
Leaves
Extract: 25%
water
c. 50% Siam
Weed 0 0 1 18 1
Leaves
Extract: 50%
water
d. Henna
Natural Hair 20 0 0 0 0
Dye
(Control)
Odor Highly Moderately Acceptable Fairly Poorly
Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable
a. 100 %
Siam Weed 1 5 5 3 6
Leaves
Extract
b. 75% Siam
Weed 4 3 9 4 0
Leaves
Extract: 25%
water
c. 50% Siam
Weed 3 4 6 6 1
Leaves
Extract: 50%
water
d. Henna
Natural Hair 9 2 5 4 0
Dye
(Control)
APPENDIX C
RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS


APPENDIX D
COMPUTATIONS
COLOR
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4

4 2 2 5
4 2 2 5
2 2 1 5
4 2 2 5
3 2 2 5
3 2 2 5
4 2 2 5
4 2 2 5
3 2 2 5
4 2 3 5
4 2 2 5
5 2 2 5
4 2 2 5
3 2 2 5
5 2 2 5
3 2 2 5
5 2 2 5
4 2 2 5
3 2 2 5
3 2 2 5
ANOVA - Single Factor
Alpha 0.05
Groups Count Sum Mean Variance
Column 1 20 74 3.7 0.642105263
Column 2 20 40 2 0
Column 3 20 40 2 0.105263158
Column 4 20 100 5 0
Sources of SS df MS F P-value F critical

Variation
Between 127.35 3 42.45 227.005 7.53 2.725
Groups
Within 14.2 76 0.187
Groups
Total 141.55 79


Post Hoc
for Color
Group 4 toTotal
14
12
14
15
16
12
12
11
13
13
1 4 3 2 5
2 3 2 2 5
3 4 3 2 5
4 4 3 3 5
5 5 3 3 5
6 3 2 2 5
7 3 2 2 5
8 3 2 1 5
9 4 2 2 5
10 4 2 2 5
Cronbach’s Alpha
Groups Variance
1 0.4555556
2 0.2666667
3 0.3222222
4 0
Total 2.4
1.0444444
α = 0.70601851
ODOR
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4

5 5 5 5
4 5 5 5
4 5 5 5
4 5 4 5
4 4 4 5
4 4 4 5
3 4 4 5
3 3 3 5
3 3 3 5
3 3 3 4
3 3 3 4
2 3 3 3
2 3 3 3
2 3 2 3
1 3 2 3
1 3 2 3
1 2 2 2
1 2 2 2
1 2 2 2
1 2 1 2
ANOVA - Single Factor
Alpha 0.05
Groups Count Sum Mean Variance
Column 1 20 52 2.6 1.72631578947368
Column 2 20 67 3.35 1.08157894736842
Column 3 20 62 3.1 1.35789473684211
Column 4 20 76 3.8 1.53684210526316
Sources of SS df MS F P-value F critical

Variation
Between 15.0375 3 5.0125 3.515 0.019 2.725
Groups
Within 108.35 76 1.426
Groups
Total 123.3875 79


Post Hoc
for Odor

CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: AJ A. Gose
Birthday: August 27, 2008
Age: 15 y/o
Address: Sitio Caminacan, Pob. C, Dueñas, Iloilo
Parents
Agustin P. Gose
Chona A. Gose
Educational Qualification
Course School Year
Elementary Dueñas Central Elementary School 2016-2021
High School Dueñas General Comprehensive High School 2022-present
Honors/Awards Received
With Honors Dueñas Central Elementary School 2016-2021

CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: Austin Luke C. Joaquin
Birthday: September 25, 2009
Age: 14 y/o
Address: Barangay Capuling, Dueñas, Iloilo
Parents
Ferdinand L. Joaquin
Mae Aillen C. Joaquin
Course School Year
Elementary Dueñas Central Elementary School 2016-2021
With Honors Dueñas Central Elementary School 2016-2021

CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: Maria Alessandra B. Lames
Birthday: March 5, 2009
Age: 15y/o
Address: Poblacion D, Dueñas, Iloilo
Parents
Marlon S. Lames
Susan B. Lames
Course School Year
Elementary Academia de san Guillermo 2016-2021
With High Honors Academia de San Guillermo 2016-2021

CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: Michaella B. Pastrana
Birthday: July 13, 2009
Age: 14y/o
Address: Ponong Pequeño, Dueñas, Iloilo
Parents
Jose Fred P. Pastrana
Carla L. Baldio
Course School Year
Elementary Ponong Pequeño Elementary School 2016-2021
With High Honors Ponong Pequeño Elementary School 2016-2021

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DUEÑAS GENERAL COMPREHENSIVE1 HIGH SCHOOL

SPECIAL PROGRAM IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING

Scope and Delimitation of the Study.

study and the background information.

the investigation generally using both descriptive and inferential questions.

results of the study clarify and understanding.

terms used in the study for clarity and understanding.

boundaries of the study.

Background of the Study

split ends, breakage, and more.

ingredients in place of synthetic chemicals.

Siam Weed or Chromolaena odorata is most commonly known in the Philippines

as ‘Hagonoy’. Hagonoy is considered an invasive plant species which is abundant in the

To address the need of eliminating white/gray hairs, the researchers decided to

(Chromolaena odorata) leaves extract as a natural hair dye.

Independent Variables Dependent Variables

100% Siam Weed Leaves extract

Henna Natural Hair Dye(Control)

Figure 1.1 Shows the Research Paradigm of the Study

Statement of the Problem

and information, the research sought to answer the following questions :

1. What is the sensory characteristic of Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) Leaves

Extract as Natural Hair Dye at different concentrations in terms of color?

a. 100% Siam Weed Leaves extract

b. 75% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 25% water

c. 50% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 50% water

d. Henna Natural Hair Dye(Control)

2. What is the sensory characteristic of Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) Leaves

Extract as Natural Hair Dye at different concentrations in terms of odor?

a. 100% Siam Weed Leaves extract

b. 75% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 25% water

c. 50% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 50% water

d. Henna Natural Hair Dye(Control)

Natural Hair Dye at different concentrations?

a. 100% Siam Weed Leaves extract

b. 75% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 25% water

c. 50% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 50% water

d. Henna Natural Hair Dye(Control)

4. Is there a significant difference between the acceptability of Siam Weed

(Chromolaena odorata) Leaves Extract as Natural Hair Dye at different

concentrations and the Henna Natural Hair Dye in terms of color?

a. 100% Siam Weed Leaves extract

b. 75% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 25% water

c. 50% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 50% water

d. Henna Natural Hair Dye(Control)

5. Is there a significant difference between the acceptability of Siam Weed

(Chromolaena odorata) Leaves Extract as Natural Hair Dye at different

concentrations and the Henna Natural Hair Dye in terms of odor?

a. 100% Siam Weed Leaves extract

b. 75% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 25% water

c. 50% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 50% water

d. Henna Natural Hair Dye(Control)

6. Is there a significant difference between the acceptability of Siam Weed

(Chromolaena odorata) Leaves Extract as Natural Hair Dye at different

a. 100% Siam Weed Leaves extract

b. 75% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 25% water

c. 50% Siam Weed Leaves extract: 50% water

d. Henna Natural Hair Dye(Control)

1. There is no significant difference on the acceptability of the Siam Weed Leaves

Dye(Control) in terms of color.