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    Matrix 8

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    Anjali Khurana

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Matrix 8

    Uploaded by

    Anjali Khurana
    3 views12 pages

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    matrix_8

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    3 views12 pages

    Matrix 8

    Uploaded by

    Anjali Khurana

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Matrix Algebra and

    Applications
    (III)
    Key Concepts, Methods, and Applications
    Application • Input-Output Analysis is an economic
    of Matrices framework developed to study the
    interdependencies among various
    in Business: sectors of an economy. It models how
    the output of one industry serves as the
    Input-Output input for another, thereby showing how
    different sectors are interconnected.
    Analysis • Input-Output models are of two types:

    (Leontif 1.
    2.
    Closed Input-Output model
    Open Input-Output model
    model)
    1. There are n industries in an economy (coal, steel,
    wood…). Each industry is producing only one
    product.

    Assumptions 2. The output of any industry becomes either the


    input of another industry or the final consumption
    of external bodies (households, offices,…).
    of Input- 3. The entire production of each sector is just
    sufficient to meet the final demand as well as the
    Output 4.
    demand of other industries.
    All inputs are used in fixed proportion. This

    analysis indicates that output of B sector is consumed by A


    sector in a linear homogeneous function. If industry
    A is using 40% of output of industry B then this
    proportion will always remain same.
    • X=(I-A)-1D
    Formulation • X(I-A) =D

    of Input- Where X is gross output


    Output I is identity matrix
    model A is coefficient or technology matrix
    D is demand matrix
    Depreciation Lapse Schedule
    • The decrease in the price or value of an item with time is called depreciation. If V is the
    value of an item and D is the rate of depreciation per year then the depreciated value of
    the item after N years is obtained by the formula:

    • Question 1: A machine costs Rs. 72,000. If the annual rate of compound depreciation is
    12.5%. Find the depreciated cost of machine after 8 years.
    • Question 2: The initial cost a car is 1,16,000. If the cost of the car is
    depreciated at the end of each year by 10% then find after how many years,
    its depreciated value becomes Rs. 14,100.
    • Question 3: The cost of a machine is Rs. 50,000. Its value is depreciated at the
    rate of 8% of the initial cost at the end of each year. Find its depreciated value
    after 20 years.
    • Question 4: A machine, the life of which is estimated to be 15 years, cost Rs
    40,000. Calculate the scrap value at the end of its life, if it is depreciated at a
    constant rate of 10% per annum.

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