Agile Model

Agile SDLC model is a combination of iterative and incremental process
models with focus on process adaptability and customer satisfaction by rapid

delivery of working software product. Agile Methods break the product into
small incremental builds. These builds are provided in iterations. Each
iteration typically lasts from about one to three weeks. Every iteration
involves cross functional teams working simultaneously on various areas like
−
 Planning
 Requirements Analysis
 Design
 Coding
 Unit Testing and
 Acceptance Testing.
At the end of the iteration, a working product is displayed to the customer

and important stakeholders.
What is Agile?
Agile model believes that every project needs to be handled differently and
the existing methods need to be tailored to best suit the project
requirements. In Agile, the tasks are divided to time boxes (small time
frames) to deliver specific features for a release.
Iterative approach is taken and working software build is delivered after each
iteration. Each build is incremental in terms of features; the final build holds
all the features required by the customer.
Here is a graphical illustration of the Agile Model −

The Agile thought process had started early in the software development and
started becoming popular with time due to its flexibility and adaptability.
The most popular Agile methods include Rational Unified Process (1994),
Scrum (1995), Crystal Clear, Extreme Programming (1996), Adaptive
Software Development, Feature Driven Development, and Dynamic Systems
Development Method (DSDM) (1995). These are now collectively referred to
as Agile Methodologies, after the Agile Manifesto was published in 2001.
Following are the Agile Manifesto principles −
 Individuals and interactions − In Agile development, self-

organization and motivation are important, as are interactions like co-
location and pair programming.
 Working software − Demo working software is considered the best
means of communication with the customers to understand their
requirements, instead of just depending on documentation.
 Customer collaboration − As the requirements cannot be gathered
completely in the beginning of the project due to various factors,
continuous customer interaction is very important to get proper
product requirements.
 Responding to change − Agile Development is focused on quick
responses to change and continuous development.
Agile Vs Traditional SDLC Models
Agile is based on the adaptive software development methods, whereas
the traditional SDLC models like the waterfall model is based on a predictive
approach. Predictive teams in the traditional SDLC models usually work with
detailed planning and have a complete forecast of the exact tasks and
features to be delivered in the next few months or during the product life
cycle.
Predictive methods entirely depend on the requirement analysis and
planning done in the beginning of cycle. Any changes to be incorporated go
through a strict change control management and prioritization.
Agile uses an adaptive approach where there is no detailed planning and
there is clarity on future tasks only in respect of what features need to be
developed. There is feature driven development and the team adapts to the
changing product requirements dynamically. The product is tested very
frequently, through the release iterations, minimizing the risk of any major
failures in future.
Customer Interaction is the backbone of this Agile methodology, and open
communication with minimum documentation are the typical features of
Agile development environment. The agile teams work in close collaboration
with each other and are most often located in the same geographical
location.
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Agile Model - Pros and Cons

Agile methods are being widely accepted in the software world recently.
However, this method may not always be suitable for all products. Here are
some pros and cons of the Agile model.
The advantages of the Agile Model are as follows −
 Is a very realistic approach to software development.

 Promotes teamwork and cross training.
 Functionality can be developed rapidly and demonstrated.
 Resource requirements are minimum.
 Suitable for fixed or changing requirements
 Delivers early partial working solutions.
 Good model for environments that change steadily.
 Minimal rules, documentation easily employed.
 Enables concurrent development and delivery within an overall
planned context.
 Little or no planning required.
 Easy to manage.
 Gives flexibility to developers.
The disadvantages of the Agile Model are as follows −

 Not suitable for handling complex dependencies.
 More risk of sustainability, maintainability and extensibility.
 An overall plan, an agile leader and agile PM practice is a must without
which it will not work.
 Strict delivery management dictates the scope, functionality to be
delivered, and adjustments to meet the deadlines.
 Depends heavily on customer interaction, so if customer is not clear,
team can be driven in the wrong direction.
 There is a very high individual dependency, since there is minimum
documentation generated.
 Transfer of technology to new team members may be quite challenging
due to lack of documentation.

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Agile SDLC model is a combination of iterative and incremental process

models with focus on process adaptability and customer satisfaction by rapid

At the end of the iteration, a working product is displayed to the customer

Here is a graphical illustration of the Agile Model −

Following are the Agile Manifesto principles −

 Individuals and interactions − In Agile development, self-

Agile Model - Pros and Cons

The advantages of the Agile Model are as follows −

 Is a very realistic approach to software development.

The disadvantages of the Agile Model are as follows −

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