AGENDA

• Survey Results
• Introduction
• Functional Overview
• Modules
1. Smart garbage monitoring system
2. Smart Traffic Management system
3. Smart Parking System
4. Smart street Light management System
5. One way safety accident prevention system
• Implementation of Modules
• Sensors Used
• Blue Print of Project
• Challenges
• Future Scope
• References
 SURVEY
• Are You Aware of • Do You Think • Do You Think Smart
Smart City Smart Cities Are Cities Make living
Existence ? more reliable ? Clean and Efficient ?
24% 25% 30% 20%
54% 56%
16% 24%
51%
Many People are not Smart cities are made by many
Smart Cities Are
aware about Smart City fictional modules to make it
reliable in every aspect
in Practice but they know proper functioning and ready
about scopes. of working and running. to live in efficient manner.
 INTRODUCTION
WHY SMART CITY ?
• 0.5% of the Earth is Urbanised.
• 64% of the Earth population is Urban.
• 80% of World Economy comes From Urban Area .
A Smart City is a designation given to a city that incorporates technologies to enhance
the quality and performance of urban services such as energy, transportation and utilities
in order to reduce resource consumption, wastage and overall costs.
FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW
For Basic Plot we will infuse five smart feature to the city to enhance and initiate
the smart conversion.
• Smart garbage monitoring system :- The proposed system would be able to automate the solid waste
monitoring process and management of the overall collection process.
• Traffic Congestion :- It is a system where centrally-controlled traffic signals and sensors regulate the flow of traffic
through the city in response to demand.
• Smart Parking System :- A vehicle parking system that helps drivers find a vacant spot. Using sensors in
each parking space that detect the presence or absence of a vehicle, signs direct incoming drivers to available locations.
• Smart Lighting System :- Smart Street light is an automated system which automates the street . The main aim of
Smart Street light is to reduce the power consumption when there are no vehicle movements on the road.
• One way Safety System :- This system is very useful in hilly areas for one way traffic control.
 SMART GARBAGE MONITORING SYSTEM
THE PROBLEM ?
There are tons of flats and apartments which have been built in the rapid urbanization area. This is due
to high housing demands which have been drastically risen as a result of migration from villages to cities
to find work. In order to accommodate the growing population in the urban area, the government has
also constructed more apartment complexes. There are several issues faced by the residents of the flats.
One of them is disposal of solid waste. Unlike private houses, the residents of all the apartments use a
common dustbin, which tends to fill up very quickly. This overflowing of garbage is a sanitary issue which
might cause diseases like cholera and dengue.
Solution :-
Our system does is it gives a real time indicator of the garbage level in a trash can at any given time.
Using that data we can then optimize waste collection routes and ultimately reduce fuel consumption. It
allows trash collectors to plan their daily/weekly pick up schedule.An Ultrasonic Sensor is used for
detecting whether the trash can is filled with garbage or not. Here Ultrasonic Sensor is installed at the
top of Trash Can and will measure the distance of garbage from the top of Trash can and we can set a
threshold value according to the size of trash can.
SMART GARBAGE MONITORING SYSTEM
 SMART TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
THE PROBLEM ?
The increase of population produces an increase of the number of automobiles on the road,
which generates heavy traffic in the streets and that causes many problems for the Citizens and
traffic policemen an additional two emergency cases therefore it’s important with development
technology of embedded systems to solve this problem.
Solution :-
new traffic light controller was built to optimization using the Arduino UNO microcontroller
board. The system tries to reduce traffic jams, caused by traffic lights, as possible. The system
is based on microcontroller, which represent the brain of the system. The system contains
ultrasonic sensors on the side of the roads. Also the system contains switches to control the
traffic light manually. The ultrasonic sensor system gets activated when vehicles go along the
road against it. Microcontroller controls the traffic light by driver circuit using the sensor
network to determine the level of jam in the road. Different ranges of traffic light delay time
intervals according to jam level are configured by microcontroller and updated regularly. In this
paper the effects of temperature and humidity on the system were studied. The jam level
displayer tool is another feature added to a system controlled by the microcontroller which is a
traffic sign informs the drivers about the level of jam before reaching the road.
SMART TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
 SMART PARKING SYSTEM
THE PROBLEM ?
Roads are designed and built to handle traffic which doubles or triples in a quarterly rate. All these cars
come to rest at some time, we see double parking everywhere and even triple parking (we had to come
up with a term) because the drivers won’t take the risk of going elsewhere to park their car just because
they have no idea of what awaits them in other parking areas. Getting the right “information” about
“space” to the drivers in our city so they won’t waste their time looking for parking spaces or park
inappropriately because of lack of information.
Solution :-
An Internet of Things (IoT) based Parking System informs the user to find out about the nearest parking
area and gives availability of parking slots in that respective area. It mainly focuses on reducing time in
finding the parking slots and also avoiding unnecessary traveling through filled parking lots in a parking
area. Thus, it reduces the fuel consumption which in turn reduces carbon footprints in the atmosphere.
This project mainly focuses on the city of Addis Ababa and takes into account the city’s infrastructural
and technological advancements.
SMART PARKING SYSTEM
 SMART STREET LIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
THE PROBLEM ?
Automatic switching of street lights considering the intensity of sunlight, brightness control of lights on
detecting movement and error reporting to electric sub sections.
Solution :-
Smart street light system tries to find solution for the faster depletion of energy resources due to the
inefficient usage and wastage of these resources. Increasing electricity bill is something that can be
witnessed by these practices. This project help to decrease the wastage of electricity by controlling the
working of street light system that attributes to a good amount of electricity bills in our nation This
project does not include methods to incorporate usage of renewable resources like solar energy.
SMART STREET LIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
ONE WAY SAFETY ACCIDENT PREVENTION SYSTEM
THE PROBLEM ?
Speculation of an approaching vehicle on a blind turn.
Solution :-
One way safety accident prevention system can be used as if any vehicle is coming from either turns it
will alarm and prevent the accident .
 IMPLEMENTATION OF MODULES
Project is based on sensors and microcontroller , we need to connect
sensors with microcontroller in such a manner to implement whole smart
city :-
• Starting with smart garbage management as for this we need ultrasonic sensor nodes pointing into the
garbage and when smart bin is going to spill out , ultrasonic sensor will initiate to microcontroller using
bolt module to empty the bin.
• Now in smart traffic management system we are using IR sensor and piezoelectric sensor to judge the
congestion on road and then initiating microcontroller to adjust the traffic light signals for preventing
traffic jam.
• For smart parking setup we have to establish a basic area consisting of IR sensors , a barrier and a
microcontroller to control barrier and LCD. We will use IR sensor for vacant and allotted space and
microcontroller to record this and show it on LCD module.
• Now to make the city smart we want to make our city , light efficient for this we will implement it by
infrared proximity sensor and microcontroller to work on motion of automobile and day/night action.
 SENSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER
1. ULTRASONIC SENSOR
• Working Voltage DC 5 V
• Working Current 15mA
• Working Frequency 40Hz
• Measuring Angle 15 degree
• Trigger Input Signal 10uS TTL pulse
2. PIR SENSOR
• Output: Digital pulse high
(3V) when triggered
• Sensitivity range: up to 20
feet (6 meters) 110° x 70°
• Power supply: 5V-12V
input voltage.
3. PIEZOELECTRIC SENSOR
• Impedance:≤500Ω;
• Voltage:≤30Vp-p
• Operating temperature:-20°C~+60°C Storage temperature:-30°C~+70°C
• Low Soldering temperature Strain sensitivity: 5V/µƐ
• Material: Quartz (mostly used)
BLUE PRINT
 CHALLENGES
• Retrofitting existing legacy city infrastructure to make it smart: There are a number of
latent issues to consider when reviewing a smart city strategy.
• Financing smart cities: The High Power Expert Committee (HPEC) on Investment Estimates
in Urban Infrastructure has assessed a per-capita investment cost (PCIC) of Rs 43,386 for a
20-year period.
• Availability of master plan or city development plan: Most of our cities don’t have master
plans or a city development plan, which is the key to smart city planning and
implementation and encapsulates all a city needs to improve and provide better
opportunities to its citizens.
• Capacity building programme: Building capacity for 100 smart cities is not an easy task and
most ambitious projects are delayed owing to lack of quality manpower, both at the centre
and state levels.
• Reliability of utility services: For any smart city in the world, the focus is on reliability of
utility services, whether it is electricity, water, telephone or broadband services.
 SENSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER
1. LDR SENSOR
• The Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) is just another special type of Resistor and hence has no polarity.
• Can be used to sense Light
• Easy to use on Breadboard or Perf Board
• Easy to use with Microcontrollers or even with normal Digital/Analog IC Small.
• cheap and easily available
• Available in PG5 ,PG5-MP, PG12, PG12-MP, PG20 and PG20-MP series
2. Arduino
• Operating Voltage 5V
• Input Voltage 7-9 V
• Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
• Analog Input Pins 8 (of which 4 are broken out onto pins)
• DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA
• Flash Memory 32 KB (2 KB used by bootloader)
• SRAM 2 KB EEPROM 1KB
• Clock Speed 16 MHz
3. Bolt Wifi Module
• ¨BOLT is an internet of things platform Hardware + Software that enables user to build IOT products and projects. Using BOLT, users can
control and monitor devices from any part of the world
 FUTURE SCOPES
India started the development of these smart city projects at the global level. Indian Prime
Minister Narendra Modi’s vision of ‘Digital India’, has a plan to build atleast 100 smart cities
across India. Which he use to speak in his speeches also and highlighting that, “Cities in the
past were built on riverbanks but now these cities are built along highways. But in the future,
these cities will be built based on availability of optical fiber networks and next-generation
infrastructure.”
 REFERENCES
• Google
• Wikipedia
• All about electronics
• Youtube
• Slideshare
• Interesting Engineers
• hackster.io
• IEEE