MOCK - 4 -AKTriangle

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TRIANGLE AND EUCLID'S GEOMETRY
Class 09 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
(d) 1
Explanation: A ray starts at a given point and goes off in a certain
direction to infinity. The point where the ray starts is called the endpoint.
2.
(c) A definition
Explanation: Euclid gave the definition of parallel lines in Book I,
Definition 23 just before the five postulates.
3.
(c) Corollary
Explanation: A corollary is a proposition that follows from (and is often
appended to) one already proved.
4. One.
two points determine only 1 line segment.
5. Infinite
Any two distinct points in three dimensional spaces determine a unique
line in three dimensional space. This line has infinitely many planes that
contain it. And also the two given points
6.
(c) AFE, FBD, EDC
Explanation: DEF is the median triangle and it divides the given triangle
into 4 identical triangles including median triangle
7. (a) 60°
Explanation: Let the measure of each angle be x°.
Now, the sum of all angles of any triangle is 180°.
Thus, x° + x° + x° = 180°
i.e. 3x° = 180°
i.e. x° = 60°
8.
(b) DF = 5 cm, ∠E = 60°
Explanation: Given that: In △ABC, AB = 5 cm, ∠B = 40° and ∠A = 80°
Using angles sum property of triangle, we have
∠ A + ∠B + ∠C = 180°
⇒ 80° + 40° + ∠C = 180
⇒ 120° + ∠C = 180° [∵ ∠ B = 40° and ∠A = 80° ]
⇒ ∠C = 180° – 120°
⇒ ∠C = 60°
It is given that △ABC ≅ △FDE, so we have

AB = FD, BC = DE and AC = FE & ∠A = ∠F, ∠B = ∠D and ∠C = ∠E
⇒ AB = FD = 5cm and ∠C = ∠E = 60°.
9.
(b) LM
Explanation: Since, by corresponding part of congruent triangle AC of △
ABC is equal to the LM of △LKM.
10.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: A is true but R is false.
Section B
11. ∠A + ∠B = 65o and∠B+∠C = 140o
o o
⇒ ∠A+∠B +∠B +∠C = (65 +140 )
⇒ (∠A+∠B+∠C )+∠B = 205o)

o
⇒ 180 +∠B = 205
o [∵ ∠A+∠B+∠C = 180o]
o
⇒ ∠B = (205 -180
o = 25o)
∴ ∠C = (140o-∠B) = (140o-25o = 115o)
and ∠A = (65o-∠B) = (65o-25o = 40o)
Hence,∠A = 40o, ∠B = 25o and∠C = 115o
12. We have BF = EC
∴BF + FC = CE + FC
⇒ BC = EF
In △ABC, ∠A = 90 and in △DEF , ∠D = 90

∘ ∘
∴ △ABC and △DEF are right triangles.
Now, in right triangles ABC and DEF, we have

BA = DE[Given]
∠A = ∠D (Each 90 )
o
And BC = EF [Proved above]
∴△ABC ≅ △DEF [By RHS congruence rule]
13.
In the given figure, ∠SPR = 135° and ∠PQT = 110°

∠PQT + ∠PQR = 180° [Linear pair axiom]
⇒ 110° + ∠PQR = 180°
⇒ ∠PQR = 180° – 110° = 70°
Also, ∠SPR + ∠QPR = 180° [Linear pair axiom]
⇒ 135° + ∠QPR = 180°
⇒ ∠QPR = 180° – 135° = 45°
Now, in the ΔPQR
∠PQR + ∠PRQ + ∠QPR = 180° [Angle sum property of a triangle]
⇒ 70° + ∠PRQ + 45° = 180°
⇒ ∠PRQ + 115° = 180°
⇒ ∠PRQ = 180° – 115° = 65°
Hence, ∠ PRQ = 65°
Section C
14. Given: An equilateral triangle ABC.
To Prove : ∠A = ∠B = ∠C = 60 o
Proof : ABC is an equilateral triangle.
∴ AB = BC = CA . . . .(1)
As AB = BC
∠A = ∠C . . . [∠s opposite to equal side of a △] . . . (2)
As BC = CA
∴ ∠A = ∠B . . . [∠s opposite to equal side of a △] . . . (3)
∠A = ∠B = ∠C . . .[From (2) and (3)] . . . (4)
In △ABC,
∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180
o . . . [Sum of three angles of a triangle] . . . (5)
Let ∠A = xo, Then ∠B = ∠C = xo . . .[From (4)]
xo + xo + xo = 180o
∴
3xo = 180o
∴ xo = 60o
∠ A = ∠B = ∠C = 60o
15.
In △OAC and △ODB,

OA = OD . . . [Given]
OB = OC . . . .[Given]
∠AOC = ∠DOB . . . [Vertically opposite angles]
∴ △OAC = △ODB . . . [By SAS property]
∴ AC = BD . . . [c.p.c.t.]
Also ∠OAC = ∠ODB . . . [c.p.c.t.]

and ∠OCA = ∠OBD . . . [c.p.c.t.]
Thus ∠OAC may not be equal to ∠OBD and therefore, AC may not be
parallel to BD.
Section D
16. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
As shown In the village of Surya there was a big pole PC. This pole was
tied with a strong wire of 10 m length.
Once there was a big spark on this pole, thus wires got damaged very
badly. Any small fault was usually repaired with the help of a rope which
normal board electricians were carrying on bicycles.
This time electricians need a staircase of 10 m so that it can reach at
point P on the pole and this should make 60° with line AC.
(i) In △APC and △BPC

AP = BP (Given)
CP = CP (common side)
∠ACP = ∠BCP = 90
o
By RHS criteria △APC ≅ △BPC
(ii) In △ACP
∠APC + ∠PAC + ∠ACP = 180o
⇒ x + 60
o + 90o = 180o (angle sum property of △)
⇒ ∠ x = 180o − 150o = 30o
o
∠x = 30
(iii)In △APC and △BPC

Corresponding part of congruent triangle
∠PAC = ∠PBC
⇒ ∠PBC = 60
o (given ∠PAC = 60o)
(iv)In △APC and △BPC
∠X = ∠Y
⇒ ∠Y = 30
o (given ∠X = 30o)
17. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

In the middle of the city, there was a park ABCD in the form of a
parallelogram form so that AB = CD, AB||CD and AD = BC, AD || BC.
Municipality converted this park into a rectangular form by adding land
in the form of ΔAPD and Δ BCQ. Both the triangular shape of land were
covered by planting flower plants.
(i) In △APD and △BQC

AD = BC (given)
AP = CQ (opposite sides of rectangle)
∠APD = ∠BQC = 90
o
By RHS criteria △APD ≅ △CQB
(ii) △APD ≅ △CQB
side PD = side BQ
(iii)In △ABC and △CDA
AB = CD (given)
BC = AD (given)
AC = AC (common)
By SSS criteria △ABC ≅ △CDA
(iv)In △APD
∠APD + ∠PAD + ∠ADP = 180
o
⇒ 90o + (180o - 110o) + ∠ADP = 180o (angle sum property of △)
⇒ ∠ADP = m = 180
o - 90o - 70o = 20o
∠ ADP = m = 20o
Section E
18. i. In △AMC and △BMD,
AM = BM [M is the mid-point of AB]
∠AMC =∠ BMD [Vertically opposite angles]
CM = DM [Given]
∴ △AMC ≅ △BMD [By SAS congruency]
∴ ∠ ACM =∠ BDM ...(i)
ii. For two lines AC and DB and transversal DC, we have,

∠ACD = ∠BDC [Alternate angles]
∴ AC ∥ DB
Now for parallel lines AC and DB and for transversal BC.

∠ DBC = ∠ ACB [Alternate angles] ...(ii)
ButΔ ABC is a right angled triangle, right angled at C.

∴ ∠ACB = 90° (iii)
Therefore ∠ DBC = 90° [Using eq. (ii) and (iii)]

⇒∠ DBC is a right angle.
iii. Now in △DBC and △ ABC,

DB = AC [Proved in part (i)]
∠ DBC = ∠ACB = 90° [Proved in part (ii)]
BC = BC [Common]
∴ △DBC ≅ △ACB [By SAS congruency]
iv. Since △DBC ≅ △ACB [Proved above]

∴ DC = AB
⇒ AM + CM = AB
⇒ CM + CM = AB [∵ AM = CM]
⇒ 2CM = AB
⇒ CM = AB
1
2
19. Given: AB is a line segment and P is its mid-point. D and E are points on
the same side of AB such that ∠BAD = ∠ABE and ∠EPA = ∠DPB.
To prove:
i. DDAP ≅ DEBP
ii. AD = BE
Proof :(ii)
∠EPA = ∠DPB... [Given]
∠EPA + ∠EPD = ∠EPD + ∠DPB... [Adding ∠EPD to both sides]
∠APD = ∠BPE... (1)

In DDAP and DEBP
∠DAP = ∠EBP ...[Given]
AP = BP ...[As P is the mid-point of the line AB]

∠APD = ∠BPE ...[From (1)]
∴ DDAP ≅ DEBP proved ...[ASA Congruence]... (2)
(i) As DDAP ≅ DEBP... [From (2)]

∴ AD = BE ...[c.p.c.t.]

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⇒ 120° + ∠C = 180° [∵ ∠ B = 40° and ∠A = 80° ]

It is given that △ABC ≅ △FDE, so we have

⇒ (∠A+∠B+∠C )+∠B = 205o)

In △ABC, ∠A = 90 and in △DEF , ∠D = 90

∴ △ABC and △DEF are right triangles.

Now, in right triangles ABC and DEF, we have

In the given figure, ∠SPR = 135° and ∠PQT = 110°

∠A = ∠B = ∠C . . .[From (2) and (3)] . . . (4)

In △OAC and △ODB,

∴ △OAC = △ODB . . . [By SAS property]

Also ∠OAC = ∠ODB . . . [c.p.c.t.]

(i) In △APC and △BPC

(iii)In △APC and △BPC

17. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

(i) In △APD and △BQC

∴ ∠ ACM =∠ BDM ...(i)

ii. For two lines AC and DB and transversal DC, we have,

Now for parallel lines AC and DB and for transversal BC.

ButΔ ABC is a right angled triangle, right angled at C.

Therefore ∠ DBC = 90° [Using eq. (ii) and (iii)]

iii. Now in △DBC and △ ABC,

iv. Since △DBC ≅ △ACB [Proved above]

∠EPA + ∠EPD = ∠EPD + ∠DPB... [Adding ∠EPD to both sides]

∠APD = ∠BPE... (1)

AP = BP ...[As P is the mid-point of the line AB]

∴ DDAP ≅ DEBP proved ...[ASA Congruence]... (2)

(i) As DDAP ≅ DEBP... [From (2)]

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