Republic of the Philippines

PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

Manila

BOARD OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CIVIL ENGINEER Licensure Examination

Sunday, November 3, 2024 11:30 am – 3:30 pm
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HYDRAULICS AND PRINCIPLES OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions.
Mark only one answer for each item by answering the gform provided.
Use the gform provided as your answer sheet.
Link of the gform: https://forms.gle/GGBYxQygXK83GsK26

Note: A times B is represented by A x B or A^B. A raised to the power n is

expressed as A^n. All problems are 1 point each.

1. Valid range for S, the degree of saturation of soil in percentage

is:
A. S ≥ 0 C. S > 100
B. S ≤ 0 D. 0 ≤ S ≤ 100

2. Water is densest at a temperature of:

A. 20o C C. 0o C
B. 4 C
o D. 32O C

3. Determine the head lost in a rectangular open channel due to a

hydraulic jump from 1 m to 3.75 m.
A. 2.74 m C. 1.98 m
B. 1.39 m D. 2.14 m

4. Determine the angle of friction of the soil if the Rankine’s

coefficient of active force if 0.36.
A. 18o C. 16o
B. 20 o D. 22o

5. A prestressed concrete pile 450 mm x 450 mm in cross-section and

20 m long is driven in clayey soil with unconfined compression strength
qu=110 kPa. Compute the skin friction using adhesion factor of 0.85.
A. 2283 kN C. 1683 kN
B. 1678 kN D. 1852 kN

6. A cohesive soil deposit is considered soft if the unconfined

compression strength, in kPa, is between
A. 25 to 50 C. 50 to 100
B. 0 to 25 D. 100 to 200

7. A mercury barometer at the top of the mountain reads 450 mm Hg. At

the same time, another barometer at the base reads 550 mm Hg. Assuming
that the unit weight of air is constant at 12 kN/m^3, how high is the
mountain?
A. 1274 m C. 1112 m
B. 1055 m D. 1562 m
8. An open cylindrical tank 1 m in diameter and 2.5 m high is 3/5 full
of water. Determine the angular speed in rpm if the base is uncovered
within 20 cm from the vertical axis.
A. 145.9 C. 105.9
B. 127.4 D. 168.2

9. A ship having a displacement of 24,000 metric tons and a draft of

10.4 m in ocean (s.g.=1.03) enters harbour of freshwater (s.g.=1). If
the horizontal section of the ship at the waterline is 3,000 m^2, what
is the depth of freshwater required to float the ship?
A. 10.17 m C. 10.95 m
B. 10.63 m D. 11.17 m

10. A water jet is issued from the side of the tank under a head of 5
m. The side of the tank is 45 o. The total depth of water in the tank
is 8 m. Assume coefficient of velocity of 1.0 and neglect air
resistance. Obtain the horizontal distance travelled by the jet as it
hits the ground.
A. 12.5 C. 13.2
B. 10.5 D. 15.5

11. A vertical rectangular gate 1.5 m wide and 3 m high is hinged at

the bottom with the shorter edge horizontal. On one side of the gate,
water stands level with its top of the gate, on the other hand, water
stands 2 m below the top. Evaluate the force applied horizontally at
the top of the gate to open it.
A. 12.35 kN C. 17.25 kN
B. 15.53 kN D. 18.75 kN

12. Which of the following is a measure of particle size range?

A. Effective size C. Coefficient of curvature
B. Uniformity coefficient D. None of these

13. The following are the details for the backfill material in a
vibroflotation project:
D10= 0.42 mm D50= 1.52 mm
D20= 0.56 mm D75= 1.74 mm
D25= 0.88 mm
Determine the suitability number and the rating of the backfill
material.
A. 4.17, Excellent C. 4.17, Good
B. 5.42, Excellent D. 5.42, Good

14. A bucket 200 mm in diameter and 400 mm in height is 2/3 full of

water. It is swung on a vertical plane such that its bottom of the
bucket describes a circle of radius 1 m. Determine the speed of
rotation (rpm) such that no water is spilled.
A. 31.5 C. 25.6
B. 28.6 D. 33.4

15. In a bakery, water is forced through pipe A at 150 liters per

second. Oil (s.g.=0.80) is forced through pipe B at 30 liters per
second. Assuming ideal mixing of incompressible fluids and the mixture
of oil and water form globules and exits through pipe C. Evaluate the
specific gravity of the mixture exiting through pipe C.
A. 0.967 C. 0.878
B. 0.769 D. 0.788

16. Evaluate the plastic settlement , in meters, in a layer of plastic

clay due to an increase of pressure caused by loads above it under
the following conditions:
Initial intergranular pressure= 200 kPa
Increase in integranular pressure= 150 kPa
Thickness of the clay layer= 15 m
Compression index, Cc= 0.35
Void ratio= 1.5
A. 0.51 C. 0.72
B. 0.20 D. 0.63

17. According to Westergaard’s Theory, the vertical stress at a point

below the surface of a semi-infinite, homogeneous, isotropic soil mass
due to a point load Q applied at a ground surface is given by the
equation
P=0.318QN/z^^
N=1/(1+2(r/z)^2)^1.5

Evaluate the vertical stress, in kPa, at a point 6 m below the ground

surface but 3 m horizontally from the line of application of load, Q=
1200 kN.
A. 4.25 C. 1.57
B. 6.89 D. 5.77

18. A ship, with vertical sides near the water line, weighs 35 MN and
draws 6.9 m in saltwater (s.g.=1.026). Discharge of 2.5 MN of water
ballast decreases the draft to 6.5 m. What would be the draft of the
shift in freshwater?
A. 6.84 m C. 6.64 m
B. 7.08 m D. 7.18 m

19. A closed cylindrical tank 4 m long having a radius of 1.5 m is

fully filled with water is placed on a moving vehicle whose
acceleration is given at 2.5 m/s^2. How much force is acting on the
back side of the tank?
A. 35.1 kN C. 28.2 kN
B. 19.5 kN D. 30.7 kN

20. A woman with a glass of water having a height of 450 mm is inside

the elevator with an upward acceleration of 4 m/s^2. Determine the
pressure at the bottom of the tank.
A. 3.42 kPa C. 2.61 kPa
B. 4.32 kPa D. 6.21 kPa

21. Why are weep holes provided at the back of the retaining walls?
A. To reduce the active pressure on the walls.
B. To reduce the build-up of hydrostatic pressure.
C. To provide better compaction.
D. To increase the lateral passive earth pressure.

22. Rise of water table above the ground surface causes:

A. equal increase in pore water pressure and total stress.
B. equal decrease in pore water pressure and total stress.
C. increase in pore water pressure but decrease in total stress.
D. decrease in pore water pressure but increase in total stress.

23. An engineer wanted to determine the weight of a piece of wood

having a rectangular cross-section and certain length with only a
carpenter’s tape available and a curing tank containing 1.8 m deep.
He recorded the cross-section of the wood to be 150 mm x 100 mm and
the length is 1.5 m. Placing the wood vertically into the curing tank,
he noticed that 0.60 m projects out of the water as it floats. Solve
for the weight of the wood in N.
A. 132.4 C. 162.8
B. 123.4 D. 126.8

24. A column is to be supported by a square footing, 2.5 m on a side

on a founding depth of 1 m into a cohesionless soil deposit. The unit
weight of soil is 16 kN/m^3 and the angle of friction is 25 o. Using
Terzhagi’s formula for general shear failure, evaluate the concentric
load that the footing can safely support if the factor of safety
against bearing is 3.0.
At an angle of internal friction of 25o, Nc= 25.1, Nq= 12.7, Ny= 8.34
A. 550 C. 725
B. 645 D. 755

25. Given the following data for the footing shown:

B= 2 m a= 0.6 m d1= 1.5 m
L= 3m b= 0.6 m d2= 1 m
Footing thickness= 0.8 m
Unit weight of concrete= 23.5 kN/m^3
Moment about the major principal axis of the footing= 640 kN-m
Column Load= 820 kN

Neglecting the weight of the footing, compute the area of footing in

contact with the soil.
A. 1.98 m^2 C. 3.26 m^2
B. 2.15 m^2 D. 2.72 m^2
26. An 8-m thick layer of soft clay has an initial void ratio of 1.0.
Under a compressive load applied above it, the void ratio is decreased
by one-half. Evaluate the reduction in thickness of the layer.
A. 1.5 m C. 2.0 m
B. 1.0 m D. 2.5 m

27. A sphere of radius 400 mm is immersed in seawater (sg=1.028) by

anchoring it to the bottom of the seabed. The mooring line was observed
to have a tension of 80 N. Evaluate the specific weight of the sphere
in kN/m^3.
A. 11.48 C. 10.38
B. 9.52 D. 12.36

28. A constant-head permeability test is performed on a sample of

granular soil. The length of soil sample is 15 cm and the cross-
sectional area is 10 cm^2. If a 24 cm^3 volume of water passes through
the soil sample in a 3-min period and the constant head is 30 cm.
Determine the seepage velocity in cm/min if the void ratio of the soil
is 0.64.
A. 2.05 C. 2.32
B. 2.17 D. 1.76

29. In a triaxial test, a cohesionless soil is subjected to a confining

pressure of 14 kPa. The soil fails when the increase in axial stress
by the plunger reaches 40 kPa. What is the angle of shearing resistance
of the soil?
A. 36o C. 30o
B. 34 o D. 28o

30. Water flows upward through the 200-mm pipe laid on a sloping
ground inclined 10o with the horizontal. Assuming steady flow of 75
L/s, what is the difference in pressure between a point B to a point
A 500 meters up the slope? Assume friction factor= 0.015.
A. 836.2 kPa C. 744.9 kPa
B. 958.6 kPa D. 623.4 kPa

31. A 300-mm diameter well penetrates 27 m below the static water

table. After 24 hours of pumping 69 liters per second, the water table
in two observation wells located 36 m and 98 m from the well showed
drawdowns of 1.2 m and 0.5 m, respectively. Determine the
transmissivity of the soil in m^2/day.
A. 1297 C. 1357
B. 1729 D. 1537

32. According to Boussinesq Theory, determine the vertical stress, in

kPa, at a point 6 m below the load, Q=2500 kN but 3 m horizontally
from its line of application.
A. 17.2 C. 18.5
B. 19.0 D. 20.4
Situation 1.
A stone weighs 4N when immersed in water and 5N when immersed in
alcohol having a specific gravity of 0.80.

33. What is the volume of the stone in m^3?

A. 0.000510 C. 0.000723
B. 0.000825 D. 0.000228

34. What is the density of the stone in kg/m^3?

A. 1500 C. 1700
B. 1600 D. 1800

35. What is the weight of the stone in N?

A. 7.4 C. 8.2
B. 8.6 D. 9.2

Situation 2.
A triangular plate of height 2 m and base of 5 m is submerged
vertically in water with its base at the liquid surface and parallel
to it.

36. Evaluate the total force acting on one side of the plate.
A. 69.12 kN C. 75.14
B. 73.58 kN D. 77.22

37. Obtain the location of the force from the center of gravity of
the plate.
A. 500 mm C. 655 mm
B. 525 mm D. 600 mm

38. What normal force, in kN, is applied at the bottom to open the
plate if it is hinged at the top?
A. 42.15 C. 33.19
B. 36.79 D. 24.51

Situation 3.
A layer of clay 8 m thick is overlain by a deposit of sand 16 m thick
to the ground surface. When the water table is at the ground surface,
the saturated unit weight of the sand is 21 kN/m^3 and its dry unit
weight is 18 kN/m^3. The saturated unit weight of the clay is 19
kN/m^3. When the water table is lowered by 10 m, the degree of
saturated of the sand above the water table lowered to 25%. At the
mid-height of the clay layer,

39. Determine the unit weight of the sand in moist condition.

A. 19.6 kN/m^3 C. 20.4 kN/m^3
B. 18.8 kN/m^3 D. 18.5 kN/m^3

40. Determine the effective pressure, in kPa, before the lowering of

the water table.
A. 195.8 C. 215.8
B. 201.9 D. 182.9
41. Determine the effective pressure, in kPa, after the lowering of
the water table.
A. 291.4 C. 308.3
B. 282.6 D. 317.1

Situation 4.
Reservoir A, the source of water for towns C and D, is at elevation
200 m. The distribution reservoir at junction B is at elevation 91.56
m and 15,000 m from town A. Town C with a population of 250,000 is at
elevation 56 m and is 9,000 m from B. Town D with population of 300,000
is at elevation 15.21 m and is 6,000 from B. The water demand is 150
liters per capita per day. Neglect minor losses. Assume f=0.02 for
all pipes.

42. Determine the required diameter for line AB.

A. 730 mm C. 850 mm
B. 650 mm D. 820 mm

43. Determine the required diameter for line BC.

A. 600 mm C. 650 mm
B. 620 mm D. 680 mm

44. Determine the required diameter for line BD.

A. 510 mm C. 750 mm
B. 480 mm D. 560 mm

Situation 5.
A trapezoidal canal has a bottom width of 6 m and a side slope 2H:1V.
When the depth of the flow is 1.2 m and the rate of flow is 20.4
m^3/s,

45. Compute the specific energy of the canal.

A. 2.17 C. 2.52
B. 1.41 D. 1.31

46. Obtain the slope of the canal if roughness coefficient is 0.014.

A. 0.00012 C. 0.00064
B. 0.00037 D. 0.00094

47. Compute the average shearing stress at the boundary over the
surface of the channel in N/m^2.
A. 7.6 C. 8.2
B. 6.2 D. 9.6

Situation 6.
A jet of water 50 mm in diameter and a plate strikes each at a right
angle. When the plate is moving towards the jet at a certain speed,
the plate experiences a force that is 2688 N. When that plate is
moving away from the jet at the same speed, the plate experiences a
force that is 332 N.

48. What is the velocity of the water?

A. 12 m/s C. 25 m/s
B. 15 m/s D. 28 m/s

49. What is the velocity of the plate?

A. 12 m/s C. 25 m/s
B. 15 m/s D. 28 m/s

50. What is the force if the plate is restricted to move?

A. 1655 N C. 2165 N
B. 1225 N D. 2775 N

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