A STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF PUBLIC PARK GYMS IN INCREASING

SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AT VARIOUS AGE GROUPS.

ADITI AMARNATH
SCHOLAR NO: 2020 BARC037

A SEMINAR REPORT SUBMITTED AS A PART OF THE

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF
ARCHITECTURE

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE,
BHOPAL.

9TH SEMESTER
YEAR:2024
 A STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF PUBLIC PARK GYMS IN INCREASING
SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AT VARIOUS AGE GROUPS.

ADITI AMARNATH
Scholar No: 2020BARC037

A Seminar report submitted as a part of the requirements

For the degree of Bachelor of Architecture

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE,
BHOPAL.

Seminar Leading to Thesis Faculty

Dr. Parama Mitra

Ar. Paritosh Kumar
Ar. Aditi Dwivedi
 Abstract

This study explores the design, usage patterns, and impact of outdoor gym parks in urban public
spaces, with a focus on promoting physical activity, social interaction, and community health.
Specifically, the research examines user engagement in outdoor gym parks across Kolkata,
India, with an emphasis on the factors influencing park-goers' motivations and the design
features that enhance their experience. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected
through surveys, and interviews with park users to assess the effectiveness of outdoor gym
facilities in fostering fitness and wellness.

Findings reveal that relaxation and cardiovascular exercise are the primary motivations for users,
with a significant preference for parks offering good ambience, accessibility, and cost-
effectiveness. Key design features such as inclusive equipment, safe spaces, and community-
friendly amenities (eg.walking trails, toilets, children’s zones) were found to contribute to
greater user satisfaction and social interaction. However, limitations related to sample size,
reliance on self-reported data, and the short duration of the study hinder the ability to generalize
the results to a broader population.

The study suggests that future outdoor gym parks should incorporate a wider range of accessible
equipment, improve amenities for families and diverse user groups, and provide more extensive
data collection over longer periods to better understand long-term engagement and impacts.
These findings contribute to the broader discourse on urban park design and the promotion of
physical activity in public spaces.

Key words: Outdoor gym, ambience, accessibility, inclusive, children zone, friendly amenities,
social interaction
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to thank my faculty advisors, Dr. Parama Mitra, Ar. Paritosh Kumar and Ar. Aditi
Dwivedi for their guidance throughout this project. I also extend my gratitude to all participants
and experts who provided valuable data for this study. Special thanks to my family and friends
for their support.
 CONTENTS

ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………….01
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………………….02
CONTENTS ……………………………………………………….…………………...03
LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………………………..04
LIST OF FIGURE.……………………………………………………………………..05
CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION.....………………………………………………. ...07
1.1 Need of study
1.2 Relevance of the study
1.3 Aim of the study
1.4 Objective
1.5 Scope
1.6 Research Questions
1.7 Limitations
CHAPTER 2 – METHODOLOGY……………………………………………………09
CHAPTER 3 – LITERATURE REVIEW…………………………………………..…10
3.1 Background study
3.1.1 The need for social interaction in modern societies
3.1.2 The link between physical activity and social interaction
3.1.3 Urbanization and the need for more public spaces
3.1.4 Inclusive and accessible social interaction
3.1.5 Examples of successful outdoor gym initiatives
3.1.6 Potential challenges
3.1.7 How to benefit intergenerational users
3.1.8 Equipment and spaces in public park gym
3.1.9 Contrasting recreational spaces: “Public parks vs Indoor fitness centres”
CHAPTER 4 – CASE STUDIES………………………………….…………….……10
4.1 Case Study 1- Ken Malloy Harbour Regional Park
4.2 Case Study 2- Kensington Memorial Park
4.3 Case Study 3- Jubilee Park , Mumbai
4.4 Case Study 4- Kolkata’s Eco Park
4.8 Comparative analysis between case studies
CHAPTER 5 – RESULTS AND DISCUSSION…………………………………..….10
CHAPTER 6 – CONCLUSION………………………………………………….……10
REFERENCES…………………………………………………..……………….……10
 LIST OF TABLES

4.1 Table 1 : Comparative Analysis of Case Studies…………………………………………………41

 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 3.1 Global scenario of film production…………………………………………………..11

Figure 3.2 Indian film industry revenue …………………………………………………………11
Figure 3.3 Demand for skill …………………………………………………………………….12
Figure3.4 View of Maquinez palace ……………………………………………………………15
Figure 3.5 View of Kala academy ………………………………………………………………15
Figure 3.6 View of INOX Multiplex ……………………………………………………………16
Figure 3.7 View of Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Indoor Stadium…………………………… 17
Figure 3.8 View of Miramar Beach ……………………………………………………………...17
Figure 3.9 View of the old goa medical college building ……………………………………….18
Figure 3.10 Ticketing system at IFFI …………………………………………………………...18
Figure 3.11 Process of film production ………………………………………………………….20
Figure 3.12 – Visualization of hero introduction shot in Bahubali 2 – The Conclusion ………...21
Figure 3.13 Christopher Nolan explaining a scene to actors …………………………………… 25
Figure 4.2 Program Diagram of Busan Cinema Centre …………………………………………26
Figure 4.3 Plan of Busan Cinema Centre ……………………………………………………….27
Figure 4.4 Section of Busan Cinema Centre ……………………………………………………27
Figure 4.5 Circulation diagrams of Busan Cinema Centre…………………………………….. 28
Figure 4.6 View of Nandan Theatre …………………………………………………………….29
Figure 4.7 View of Nandan Theatre …………………………………………………………….30
Figure 4.8 Site plan with buildings marked…………………………………………………….. 31
Figure 4.9 Pie chart showing the built and unbuilt relationship and open spaces ………………31

Figure 4.10 Entrance of FTII Pune ………………………………………………………………32

Figure 4.10 Entrance of FTII Pune ………………………………………………………………33
Figure 4.11 Zoning and site level planning ……………………………………………………...43
Figure 4.12 Site plan …………………………………………………………………………….34
Figure 4.13 Functional Diagram …………………………………………………………………35
Figure 5.1 Identified Activities and spaces ………………………………………………………42
Figure 5.2 Flow diagram Figure 5.3 Flow diagram ……………………………………………..43
Figure 5.4 Pie chart ………………………………………………………………………………44
Figure 5.5 Analysis graph ………………………………………………………………………..45

Figure 5.6 Pie chart …………………………

 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Need of the study
The rationale behind studying the influence of public park gyms on increasing social
interactions across various age groups is multi-faceted, reflecting both the individual and
community-level benefits. Key reasons for why this study would be valuable will be :
● Promoting Physical and Mental Health
● Encouraging Intergenerational Interaction
● Accessibility and Inclusivity
● Building Community and Social Capital
● Fostering Active Lifestyles
● Enhancing Social Inclusion
● Evaluating Impact on Different Demographics
The rationale for this study is to understand the broader social impacts of public park gyms,
particularly how they influence social behaviours and foster stronger community ties across
various age groups. These findings could inform urban planning, public health policies, and
community development strategies, ensuring that public spaces are optimized for both physical
and social well-being.
1.2 Literature review

Creating cities with high-quality park gyms is an essential step toward fostering greater social
interactions across various age groups. Outdoor gyms provide opportunities for physical activity
that cater to individuals of all ages, promoting overall health and wellness. The presence of
public park gyms has a significant impact on community well-being, offering benefits that go
beyond just physical fitness. By offering accessible spaces for exercise, these gyms encourage
social connections, community involvement, and a sense of belonging. Engaging in regular
physical activity in these outdoor settings also has positive effects on mental health, helping to
alleviate stress and anxiety while fostering a deeper connection with nature. Additionally, public
park gyms contribute to the vibrancy of the community, enhancing property values and
supporting broader public health goals. Investing in such shared spaces can help cultivate a
culture of wellness, inclusivity, and social cohesion. This paper explores the various physical,
mental, and social health benefits of public park gyms for people across different age groups,
comparing them with the advantages of indoor gyms. It also examines how the needs and
preferences of different age groups influence park design, highlighting the importance of
understanding these factors to create parks that maximize their usage and impact.

1.3 Aim
Aim of this study is to explore various design strategies that can increase social interaction at
different age levels at outdoor park gyms and its surrounding spaces.
1.3 Objectives
1. To identify the kinds of equipment and spaces required in public park gyms to gather
people at different age levels.
2. A comparative analysis between public park gyms and indoor gym using a set of
parameters to identify its importance in bringing people of different age.
3. To list out inferences for designing outdoor gyms parks by exploring case studies.
4. Propose recommendations’: Offer design guide lines for designing outdoor gym parks and
its surrounding spaces.
1.4 Scope
• The scope of the study is to understand the specific design needs in an outdoor public gym
at various age levels to bring in more interactions.
• To examine the various types of activities and equipment which can be incorporated in
outdoor public gym which can in-turn increase social interactions.
1.5 Research Questions
1. How can public gyms be designed to facilitate social interactions among users
of different age groups, and what are the benefits of inter-generational social
interactions?
2. What are the current barriers to social interaction in public park gyms?
3. How do different age groups perceive and use public park gyms?
4. What are the physical and mental health benefits of intergenerational social
interactions in public park gyms.

1.6 Limitation

While this study provides valuable insights into the design and use of outdoor public gyms,
several limitations should be noted.The study limits into finding design guidelines but not
conducting live experiments on the basis of design guidelines.Future research could addresses
these issues by conducting experimental studies on the basis of provided guidelines on a long
term aspect.
 CHAPTER 2
METHODOLOGY
 CHAPTER 3

LITERATURE REVIEW

3.1 Background Study

3.1.1 The Need for Social Interaction in Modern Societies

Social interaction has been shown to play a critical role in promoting both physical and mental
well-being. In modern, urbanized societies, social isolation has become a significant concern,
especially among older adults and those living in high-density environments. According to
studies, a lack of social connection can lead to negative health outcomes, including increased
stress, depression, and cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, in many cities, there is often a lack
of spaces where people from different backgrounds and age groups can meet, interact, and build
community ties.

Outdoor spaces like parks have long been recognized as key settings for fostering social
interaction, providing an environment where people can connect with others while participating
in activities like walking, jogging, or simply relaxing. Incorporating fitness equipment into these
spaces further enhances their social potential by creating areas where individuals can engage in
physical activity together, share experiences, and motivate one another.

3.1.2 The Link Between Physical Activity and Social Interaction

Physical activity has been widely studied for its positive effects on both physical and mental
health. When people engage in exercise, especially in a communal setting, they often experience
a sense of camaraderie, belonging, and shared purpose. The social benefits of physical activity
are well documented. Group exercises or activities (e.g., yoga, group fitness classes) can foster
a sense of community, reduce feelings of loneliness, and increase the likelihood of social
bonding.

Outdoor Park gyms, by providing a shared space for exercise, encourage these social
connections. For example:

● Increased Interaction: People using the gym equipment may engage in conversations
with others, ask for advice, or offer encouragement, fostering both informal interactions
and more structured social connections.
● Group Activities: Many outdoor gyms are often located in parks with open spaces,
creating opportunities for group fitness sessions, recreational sports, or informal "meet-
ups" that increase social bonding.
● Intergenerational Interaction: Outdoor gym spaces tend to attract a wide range of
people, including families, seniors, and young adults. This provides opportunities for
intergenerational interactions and exchanges of experience and knowledge, which is
often lacking in urban areas.
3.1.3 Urbanization and the Need for More Public Social Spaces

Urbanization has led to the creation of densely packed neighbourhoods, where green spaces are
scarce, and social isolation is on the rise. In such settings, public parks and open spaces provide
essential opportunities for people to meet and socialize. The growth of outdoor gym spaces in
these parks meets the dual need for fitness infrastructure and communal gathering places.
Some studies have suggested that the availability of public outdoor gyms is linked to increased
park visitation, greater community engagement, and stronger social bonds. Well-designed public
parks that include fitness amenities are not just places for exercise but act as hubs for informal
social interaction, enhancing the sense of community and providing a platform for people to
come together and form relationships.

3.1.4 Inclusive and Accessible Social Interactions

Outdoor gyms have the potential to foster inclusivity. These spaces are often free to use and
accessible to people of all socioeconomic backgrounds. Unlike private gyms, which may require
memberships or fees, public outdoor gyms offer a no-cost solution to physical fitness, reducing
barriers to participation. Furthermore, the variety of equipment typically available in these parks
can cater to a wide range of physical abilities, from beginners to more advanced fitness levels.

● Accessibility: Outdoor gyms can be designed with accessibility in mind, allowing people
with disabilities or mobility challenges to engage in exercise and interact with others in
the community.
● Diverse User Base: Outdoor gyms can attract a diverse range of users, encouraging
social interaction across age, socioeconomic, and cultural divides. In multi-generational
environments, young people can help older adults learn how to use the equipment, and
vice versa.

3.1.5 Examples of Successful Outdoor Gym Initiatives

Several cities around the world have implemented successful outdoor gym initiatives that
encourage social interaction and engagement. For instance:
● Singapore: The country’s "Park Connectors" initiative includes outdoor gyms in parks,
which have become popular social gathering spots. The parks encourage not just fitness
but social engagement, with facilities for group exercises, sports activities, and other
community-based initiatives.
● Barcelona, Spain: The city's urban parks have integrated fitness areas that are used not
only by individuals but also by social groups and fitness classes. These parks often host
community events such as fitness challenges, outdoor yoga sessions, and social sports
leagues.
● New York City, USA: NYC’s “Shape Up NYC” initiative offers free fitness programs
in outdoor spaces, such as outdoor gyms, which create a social atmosphere where people
can connect with others and engage in group activities.

3.1.6 Potential Challenges

While outdoor gyms have great potential for encouraging social interaction, there are some
challenges that need to be addressed:
 ● Maintenance and Safety: Regular maintenance of outdoor gym equipment is essential
to ensure that it remains safe and functional. Parks need to be kept clean and free of
hazards.
● Equity and Accessibility: While outdoor gyms are typically free, ensuring that they are
accessible to everyone, including marginalized communities, is crucial.
● Weather and Seasonal Issues: Outdoor gyms are subject to weather conditions, which
may limit their use during colder months or in inclement weather.

3.1.7 How to benefit intergenerational users?

To design and implement a public park gym that attracts and benefits intergenerational users
(people from different age groups), there are several key principles drawn from research in areas
like urban design, exercise psychology, gerontology, and community health. Below, I will
outline some strategies to bring in intergenerational participation, particularly in the context of
outdoor gym equipment and park-based fitness environments. I will also cite relevant research
that supports these strategies.

1. Inclusive Design of Gym Equipment

To ensure that a park gym appeals to a wide range of ages and abilities, it is crucial to design or
select gym equipment that can be used by children, adults, and older adults.
● Age-appropriate Equipment: Gym equipment in public parks should be designed to
accommodate different physical abilities, with a variety of intensity levels. This includes
low-impact equipment for older adults (e.g., elliptical machines or recumbent bikes)
alongside more intense equipment for younger, more active individuals (e.g., pull-up
bars, climbing walls). Research suggests that older adults, especially those with limited
mobility, prefer low-impact, joint-friendly equipment .

● Universal Design Principles: Universal design can be applied to make the equipment
accessible for people of all ages and physical abilities, ensuring the gym is safe and
welcoming for everyone. This can include adjustable resistance levels, wheelchair-
accessible paths, and equipment designed for easy entry/exit .

● Evidence: According to a study ,the inclusion of accessible and multifunctional outdoor

gym equipment increases participation across age groups, particularly when the
equipment is designed to be user-friendly for older adults and children. Similarly it is
found that low-impact, easy-to-use equipment promotes longer engagement from
seniors.

2. Multigenerational Programming

Programs that involve multiple generations in activities are effective in bringing people together
and encouraging physical activity. A focus on social interaction can also enhance the
attractiveness of a park gym.
● Group Exercise Classes: Offer structured group fitness classes designed for different age
groups. For example, low-impact aerobic classes for older adults, strength training for
younger adults, and fun, high-energy classes for children. Research has shown that
 group-based exercise fosters social bonds, which are a key motivator for continued
participation.

● Intergenerational Activities: Create opportunities for families and individuals of all ages
to interact through activities such as parent-child fitness sessions or grandparent-
grandchild yoga classes. These can bridge generational gaps and encourage family
participation. Barton et al. (2009) found that community-based programs that encourage
intergenerational physical activity have positive effects on both physical health and
social well-being.

3. Promote Social Inclusion and Community Building

Creating a social and welcoming atmosphere is key to attracting diverse age groups. Park gyms
should be designed as places where people can not only exercise but also socialize.
● Seating and Rest Areas: Research suggests that creating spaces where people can rest
and socialize, such as benches and shaded areas near exercise equipment, helps foster a
sense of community. These spaces allow people to take breaks between exercises,
interact with others, and stay engaged in the park's activities.

● Community Events: Organizing community events, such as fitness challenges,

intergenerational sports days, or fitness festivals, can raise awareness and create buzz
about the park gym. These events should highlight the inclusive nature of the park and
provide opportunities for people of different generations to participate together.

4. Technology Integration for Engagement

Incorporating technology into park gyms can make the space more appealing to younger
generations, while still being accessible to older adults through simple, intuitive features.
● Digital Fitness Platforms: Implement digital fitness platforms that allow users to track
progress, follow guided workouts, and access virtual classes. Such technology has been
shown to increase motivation and engagement, especially among younger generations,
but also provides older adults with a way to follow safe exercise routines.

● Interactive Equipment: Some outdoor gyms are incorporating interactive equipment that
integrates with mobile apps to track performance or provide feedback, making exercise
more engaging for younger generations. This can also create opportunities for
intergenerational competition or collaboration.

5. Accessible and Safe Design

Safety and accessibility are top priorities in attracting diverse age groups. The design should
encourage people of all ages to feel safe and comfortable in the space.

● Clear Signage and Instructions: Provide clear instructions on how to use the gym
equipment, including visual aids and simple language. Older adults, especially those new
to exercise, may benefit from easy-to-follow instructions to reduce fear or confusion.
● Maintenance and Safety: Ensure that equipment is regularly maintained to prevent
injury, and that the park is well-lit and free of hazards (e.g., tripping hazards for older
adults or children). This is particularly important in public spaces that are open to diverse
populations.
3.1.8 Equipment and spaces in public park gym

1.Cardio Equipment:

● 1.Treadmills,Stationary bikes(upright and recumbent)

● 2.Elliptical machines
● 3.Rowing machines
● 4.Stairmasters
Fig.3.1: Cardio Equipment
Source:https://www.freshairfitness.co.uk/bumper
2.Strength Training Equipment: -primary-school-outdoor-gym-package

● 1.Free weight stations (dumbbells, barbells, weight plates)

● 2.Resistance band stations
● Cable machines (leg press, chest press, l at pull-down)
● 4.Adjustable benches
● 5.Pull-up bars
Fig.3.2: Strength Training Equipment

Source:https://www.freshairfitness.co.uk/bumper
-primary-school-outdoor-gym-package
3.Outdoor Gym Equipment:
● 1.Parallel bars
● 2.Monkey bars
● 3.Chin-up bars
● 4.Dip stations
● 5.Step-up platforms
● 6.Balance beams Fig.3.3: Outdoor Gym Equipment
● Outdoor fitness stations (e.g., squat presses, leg lifts) Source:https://www.freshairfitness.co.uk/bumper
-primary-school-outdoor-gym-package

4.Functional Training Equipment:

● 1.TRX suspension training systems
● 2.Kettlebells
● 3.Medicine balls
● 4.Battle ropes Fig.3.4: Functional Training Equipment

● 5.Plyometric boxes Source:https://www.freshairfitness.co.uk/bumper

-primary-school-outdoor-gym-package

5.Accessible Equipment:
● 1.Wheelchair-accessible equipment (e.g., arm ergometers)
● 2.Adaptive fitness equipment (e.g., seated leg press)

6.Other Amenities: Fig.3.5: Accessible Equipment

Equipment
●
Source:https://www.freshairfitness.co.uk/bumper
1.Fitness trails with exercise stations -primary-school-outdoor-gym-package

● Outdoor fitness classes (e.g., yoga, Zumba)

● Sports facilities (e.g., basketball courts, tennis courts)
● Walking/jogging trails
● Restrooms and showers
● Drinking fountains and water bottle refill stations
● Seating areas and shade structures
Fig.3.6: Other amenities and equipment
Source:https://www.freshairfitness.co.uk/bumper
-primary-school-outdoor-gym-package
7.Smart Gym Equipment:
● Interactive fitness stations with digital displays
● Smart fitness equipment tracking progress (e.g., Fitbit-
compatible)
● Virtual fitness classes and tutorials
Fig.3.7: Smart Gym Equipment

8.Eco-Friendly Equipment: Source:https://www.freshairfitness.co.uk/bumper

-primary-school-outdoor-gym-package

● Outdoor gym equipment made from recycled materials

● Solar-powered fitness equipment,
● Energy-harvesting equipment (e.g., kinetic energy-generated
electricity

Fig.3.8: Eco-friendly equipment

Source:https://www.freshairfitness.co.uk/bumper
-primary-school-outdoor-gym-package

3.1.9 Contrasting Recreational Spaces: Public Parks versus Indoor Fitness Centers

1.Public park gyms

• Boosted Mood and Mental Well-being:

When you exercise outdoors, your body is not only basking in the physical benefits but also in
the natural mood enhancers. The exposure to sunlight elevates your Vitamin D levels, which
can combat mood disorders such as depression. Moreover, the changing scenery and fresh air
can be stimulating and refreshing, offering a mental reset that indoor environments may lack.

• Varying Workout Intensity:

The unpredictable terrain of the outdoors can naturally increase the intensity of your workouts.
The resistance of the wind, the natural incline of a hill, or the uneven surface of a trail can
engage different muscle groups and challenge your body in ways that a flat, static gym floor
never could.

• No Gym Membership Required:

One of the straightforward advantages of outdoor exercise is the cost — or lack thereof. Public
spaces like parks and beaches are often free to use, minimizing the financial barriers that come
with pricey gym subscriptions.

• Weather Dependent
Perhaps the most significant drawback is the dependency on weather conditions. Rain, extreme
heat, or cold can not only be uncomfortable but potentially hazardous, discouraging consistent
exercise routines.

• Safety Concerns
Exercising outdoors, especially in isolated areas, can raise safety concerns such as traffic for
those running or cycling on roads or personal safety in secluded spaces.

• Limited Equipment
When you step outside to exercise, you rely on bodyweight exercises, portable equipment, or
public fitness installations, which might limit the diversity of your workouts compared to a fully-
stocked gym.
 Fig : 3.9: Public park
gym
Source:https://www.freshairfitness.co.uk/bumper-primary-school-outdoor-gym-package

2.Indoor gyms

• Climate-Controlled Environment
Indoor workouts provide a stable, controlled climate, free from the unpredictability of weather.
Whether it’s raining, snowing, or boiling hot outside, the gym remains a consistently
comfortable place to work out.

• Diverse Equipment and Classes

Gyms are known for their wide array of equipment and classes. From strength training machines
to pools, and from yoga to spin classes, the options for different workouts are nearly endless.

• Safety and Security

Exercising indoors, particularly within a gym setting, offers a sense of security. With staff and
other gym-goers around, and the absence of road traffic or seclusion, many feel safer working
out inside.

• Cost of Membership
Gym memberships can be costly and may not fit into everyone’s budget. This recurring expense
is one of the most significant deterrents for individuals considering indoor exercise.

• Exposure to Germs
Gyms can be a breeding ground for bacteria and viruses, especially during peak hours when
equipment sharing is at its highest and sanitization may be less rigorous.

• Lack of Natural Elements

The absence of sunlight and fresh air during indoor workouts means missing out on the mental
health benefits associated with outdoor exercise. Additionally, staying indoors might contribute
to a feeling of monotony and confinement.

Fig.3.10: Indoor Fitness Centre

Source: https://in.pinterest.com/pin/392376186291664858/
 CHAPTER 4

CASE STUDIES

4.1 Case Study 1-Ken Malloy Harbor Regional Park

4.1.1 About
Ken Malloy Harbor Regional Park :
231 acres Los Angeles City Park serving Wilmington and Harbor city areas as well as the South
Bay region of California. The park contains 40 acre Machado Lake, one of the last wetlands in
Los Angeles, which also serves as a flood control retention basin during storm events.
When the park decided to add fitness to the park, they knew that a multigenerational space was
needed to help ensure that local families found the exercise options meaningful. They wanted to
ensure that, while the fitness area would be designed for adults, that there was a family friendly
area as well, so parents didn't have to worry about finding a caregiver to watch their children
when they wanted to work out. They also wanted to be sure that the space made sense for athletes
at all levels of fitness, from beginners to competitive level.
With funding from Kaiser Permanente in place, the team worked with GameTime to fulfill their
vision of a fitness and play area for people of all abilities. The resulting area is a model fitness
environment, as well as a PlayCore National Demonstration site for fitness.

Fig .4.1: Ken Malloy Harbor Regional Fig.4.2 : Equipment in the park
Park Source: https://in.pinterest.com/pin/392376186291664858/
Source: https://in.pinterest.com/pin/392376186291664858/

4.1.2 Zoning of outdoor gym

The circuit is a comfortable space for adults of all ages and abilities to work out, with three
separate adult fitness areas throughout the overall space, in addition to a playful climbing area
that is fun and useful for both children and adults.
• The three fitness areas for adults include a therapeutic area, with a focus on
rehabilitation, active aging, deconditioned users and balance and flexibility.
• The main fitness area contains a well-rounded selection of equipment that encompasses
aerobic conditioning, muscle and core development, balance training, and flexibility
exercises.
• This area provides users of all abilities the opportunity to work out in a gym-like
atmosphere while enjoying the great outdoors, with exercises that suit all levels and
abilities, as well as opportunities to utilize the equipment in new and more challenging
 ways as their fitness levels increase.
• The third area is a more advanced area, with a "muscle beach" like selection of bars,
rings, and other upper body apparatus designed to promote grip, spatial awareness, and
advanced athletic skill.
• Adjoining the three adult zones is an all age area, it is age appropriate for children, so
they can play in a fitness-focused playful environment along with their adult family
members.

Fig.4.3 : A lady exercising in the gym

Source: https://www.playcore.com/news/an-outdoor-gym-
designed-to-engage-people-of-all-ages-and-abilities

4.1.2 Results
Since the park reopened, park attendance has increased more than 75 percent, according
to city officials, and thousands enjoy the renovated park every week. A refreshing, cool breeze
from the lake is a great complement to the variety of equipment to meet all strength,
cardiovascular and flexibility training needs; and the option to participate in various exercise
classes such as Zumba, boot camp and yoga, as well as bring the entire family, ensures that
Harbor Regional Park will be a meaningful destination for years to come.
4.2 Case Study 2 – Kensington Memorial Park
4.2.1 About
Kensington Memorial park
Kensington Memorial park, is a thriving park, used regularly by local residents to relax and
enjoy their leisure time. However, it lacked any fitness equipment and some of the older play
equipment required removal.

The vision for the park was to create a brand new, multi-use fitness hub for the whole
community to use, with a diverse selection of equipment that could be used by all abilities, set
within landscaped grounds that looked attractive and enticing.

4.2.2 The Challenge

The council wished to maximise the number of user stations for the space they had, and to
provide equipment for the whole community to use. As well as the design and installation of
the outdoor gym solution, the project required the removal of old play equipment, the
relocation of large boulders already located in the park, the addition of a new path to access
the site and the installation of benches and bins to enhance the gym location.

Fig.4.4: Gym equipment

Source: https://www.freshairfitness.co.uk/success-
stories/kensington-memorial-park

Fig.4.5: Gym equipment

Source: https://www.freshairfitness.co.uk/success-
stories/kensington-memorial-park

4.2.3 The Solution

Fresh Air Fitness installed a 30-user gym, including the Big Rig, products from the Resistance
Range, cardio equipment and a product suitable for wheelchair users. Set within an area of
180m2, the team first removed the old play equipment, provided groundworks, installed the
equipment and finished area with mulch surfacing. Picnic tables, benches and a bin were
added to the surrounding area and the large boulders were relocated along the new pathway.
The site was finished with turf and three bespoke instructional signs complete with QR codes
and workout guides.
4.2.4 The feedback
“We were ecstatic to open Kensington Memorial Park Outdoor Gym which was delivered by
RBKC Parks in collaboration with local people and community groups such as
@FitForLifeYouth and project managed, manufactured and installed by award winning
outdoor gym company, Fresh Air Fitness. The Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea is
devoted to helping its residents achieve a healthy body and mind by providing a variety of
leisure facilities for all ages to access for free, and this exciting outdoor gym facility is already
being used and enjoyed by the whole community. We found the Fresh Air Fitness team to be
very professional, efficient and friendly. We would definitely recommend them." Simon
Dunne Parks Project Manager.
4.3 Case study 3
4.3.1 About
Jubilee Park, Mumbai
Jubilee Park, located in the eastern part of Mumbai (in the area of Byculla), is one of the city’s
well-known green spaces, providing residents with a much-needed respite from the bustling
urban life. The park, covering around 40 acres, is a significant landmark for both locals and
visitors, offering a variety of recreational activities. It is particularly famous for its expansive
lawns, walking tracks, children’s play area, and the historical elements tied to the development
of the area, but in recent years, it has also become a hub for outdoor fitness through the
addition of an outdoor gym.
The Outdoor Gym in Jubilee Park
In an effort to promote health and fitness among Mumbai’s urban population, Jubilee Park
introduced an outdoor gym as part of a broader movement to encourage outdoor fitness
activities in public spaces. The outdoor gym is equipped with various fitness stations and
equipment, providing the local community with a free, accessible place to work out.

Fig.4.6: Gym equipment in park

Source: https://www.freshairfitness.co.uk/success-
stories/kensington-memorial-park

4.3.2 Features of the Outdoor Gym

The outdoor gym at Jubilee Park includes:
Basic Fitness Equipment: This includes pull-up bars, chest press machines, leg press, parallel
bars, sit-up benches, and other bodyweight exercise stations.Cardio Machines: Treadmills and
cycling machines are available, although they are powered by users’ own physical energy
rather than electricity.Strength Training Equipment: Some stations are designed for more
advanced users, with equipment for resistance training like leg extension, chest press, and
abdominal crunch stations.Outdoor Environment: Located within the park’s green space, the
gym is open-air, allowing users to enjoy nature while exercising, making it a unique
alternative to traditional indoor gyms.The outdoor gym is open to all age groups, including
children, young adults, and senior citizens. There are also designated spaces for both beginners
and more experienced gym-goers, with the intention of making fitness accessible to a wide
range of people.
4.3.3 Social Interaction Impact:
Increased Community Engagement: The gym quickly became a social hub for the local
community, especially for older adults and youth. People who would normally not interact
were brought together through common fitness goals.Group Workouts: Group exercise
sessions, including morning yoga and fitness challenges, were organized, fostering
camaraderie among participants.Informal Conversations: The design of the park encouraged
people to sit and chat after workouts, often leading to impromptu conversations between
individuals from different backgrounds.
4.3.4 Challenges:
At times, the equipment would get overcrowded during peak hours, reducing the social impact
as people could not interact freely due to wait times.Not all park-goers knew how to use the
equipment, leading to frustration.
4.3.5 Additional Design Ideas to Increase Social Interaction:
Modular Fitness Stations: Installing more diverse, smaller modular fitness stations across
different parts of the park can reduce congestion and give people space to interact.Interactive
Signage: Create informative boards or digital screens that show exercise routines or fun fitness
challenges. This can encourage group participation and interaction, especially for beginners
who might feel intimidated.
4.4 Case Study 4
4.4.1 About
Kolkata’s Eco Park
Eco Park, a popular park in Kolkata, features an extensive outdoor gym area with more than
50 fitness stations across a vast landscape. The park's gym is part of a larger initiative to
integrate wellness into the urban environment. Eco Park also offers various recreational
activities such as boating, cycling, and nature trails. Eco Park is one of Kolkata's largest and
most popular urban parks, located in the New Town area of the city. It was developed by the
West Bengal Housing Infrastructure Development Corporation (WBHIDCO) and opened to
the public in 2012. The park spans over 480 acres and is designed to provide both recreational
and ecological benefits, making it a major destination for outdoor activities in Kolkata.
One of the key attractions of Eco Park is its outdoor gym, which aligns with the city's growing
interest in promoting fitness and wellness in public spaces. The outdoor gym, along with other
amenities in the park, has helped turn Eco Park into a multifaceted recreational hub that
promotes both physical health and social interaction among park-goers.
4.4.2 The Outdoor Gym at Eco Park
The outdoor gym at Eco Park is part of the park's larger initiative to create an active and
health-conscious urban environment. The gym is situated in a spacious, open area within the
park, allowing people to exercise while enjoying fresh air and scenic views of the surrounding
nature.
4.4.3 Key Features of the Outdoor Gym
The outdoor gym at Eco Park offers a diverse range of fitness stations to cater to various
exercise needs. It includes cardio equipment such as walking machines, cycling stations, and
rowing machines, which allow users to engage in cardiovascular exercises. There are also
strength training machines, including pull-up bars, abdominal crunch stations, chest press, and
leg press machines, providing opportunities for full-body workouts. The gym features
bodyweight stations, with equipment like parallel bars and leg extension stations, enabling
individuals to perform calisthenics and resistance training. Designed to accommodate all
fitness levels, the gym offers age-appropriate and skill-adapted equipment, making it
accessible for beginners, those in rehabilitation, advanced users, as well as children, adults,and
senior citizens. This inclusivity aligns with Eco Park’s mission to provide a recreational space
for everyone in the community. Moreover, the gym is set in the open-air environment of the
park, allowing users to exercise amidst natural surroundings. This design not only promotes
physical health but also enhances mental well-being, encouraging people to connect with
nature while working out.
4.4.4 Social and Community Impact of the Outdoor Gym
The outdoor gym at Eco Park has had a positive impact on the community by promoting
health, fitness, and social connections. It provides free access to gym equipment, making
fitness more accessible, especially for those who can't afford a traditional gym. The park has
become a social hub, where people of all ages and backgrounds come together to work out,
share tips, and join group fitness events like yoga and aerobics. Families often visit the park to
exercise together, strengthening bonds while staying active. The gym’s design also encourages
intergenerational interaction, allowing people of different ages to work out side by side.
Overall, Eco Park is helping create a culture of fitness in Kolkata, inspiring other public spaces
to offer similar facilities and making physical activity more common and accessible for
everyone.
4.4.5 Challenges and Considerations
While the outdoor gym at Eco Park has been largely successful, it does face some challenges:
● Maintenance:
Outdoor equipment, particularly in areas with heavy usage, can experience wear and tear. The
exposure to elements like rain, humidity, and sun can lead to rust and damage, requiring
regular maintenance and repairs. Ensuring the gym remains in good condition is essential for
user safety and to maintain its appeal.
● Overcrowding:
Like many public spaces, Eco Park can become crowded during peak times, especially during
weekends and holidays. Overcrowding may limit access to the gym equipment, as people have
to wait their turn. This can reduce the overall enjoyment and social experience of using the
gym.
● Safety Concerns:
Some users may not be familiar with how to properly use outdoor gym equipment, which
could lead to injuries. While there are signs indicating how to use each station, there may be a
need for additional safety measures, such as fitness instructors or volunteers who can help
guide people and ensure correct usage.
● Privacy and Space:
For some, working out in a public, open space may be intimidating, especially for those who
are shy or self-conscious. Although the open-air environment encourages engagement with
nature, a lack of privacy might deter some individuals from fully utilizing the gym.
4.4.6 Design Ideas to Improve Social Interaction and User Experience
To enhance the social and fitness experience at the Eco Park gym, the following design
improvements could be considered:
● Zoning for Group Activities:
Designate specific zones for group fitness classes (such as yoga, Zumba, or boot camps). This
would help accommodate larger groups and create a sense of community by encouraging
people to participate in group fitness activities.
 ● Interactive Fitness Programs:
Install interactive digital boards or screens that display fitness challenges, exercise routines, or
community fitness events. These could foster more engagement and provide structure to
workouts, encouraging people to join in and interact with others.
● Community Noticeboards:
Add community boards near the gym where people can post fitness-related events, health tips,
or other social activities. This can encourage users to interact and create a stronger sense of
community around the gym and park.
● More Shade and Seating:
Installing more shaded areas and seating around the gym will not only provide relief from the
sun but also create social spaces where people can relax and interact after their workouts. This
could encourage conversations and informal socializing among park-goers.
● Fitness Challenges and Competitions:
Organize fitness challenges or public competitions, such as timed obstacle courses or push-up
contests. These events could add an element of fun and foster a spirit of camaraderie among
participants.
● Fitness and Health Workshops:
Provide free or low-cost workshops that educate park-goers on nutrition, wellness, and fitness
routines. These workshops can encourage more participation in the outdoor gym and create
opportunities for people to meet and learn together.
4.7 Analysis
Parameters which can analyse the difference between outdoor and indoor gym
● Equipment:
Indoor gyms offer a wider range of machines and equipment, while outdoor gyms often rely
on bodyweight exercises or minimal equipment.
● Safety:
Indoor gym can be more safer when compared to outdoor gyms due to the availability of gym
trainers and controlled environment.
● Ease of use:
The ease of use of equipment in public park gyms makes them more accessible and user-
friendly for people of all fitness levels, including beginners, families, and older adults. Unlike
indoor gyms with complex machines that may require expert guidance, outdoor gym
equipment is simple and intuitive, allowing for spontaneous and safe workouts in a natural
setting.
● Surrounding ambience:
Indoor gyms provide a controlled climate, while outdoor gyms expose users to natural
elements.
● Social interaction:
Outdoor gym is an excellent opportunity to meet a wide range people of different community ,
age , gender etc. and it an opportunity to interact with the nature whereas indoor gym provides
you limited interaction with people.
● Accessibility:
Indoor gyms are usually located in urban areas, while outdoor gyms can be found in parks,
trails, or other natural settings.
● Cost Effectiveness:
Indoor gyms typically require membership fees, whereas outdoor gyms are often free or low-
cost.
4.8 Comparative analysis between the case studies

Table for the comparative analysis have been given below .

Parameters Ken Malloy Kensington Jubilee Park, Kolkata’s Eco
Harbor Regional Memorial park Mumbai Park
Park

Equipment The park has Kensington Jubilee Park Eco Park has
outdoor gym Memorial Park provides outdoor gym
equipment has outdoor gym outdoor gym equipment
available for equipment, equipment such designed for
public use, including as cardio various types of
including machines for machines, exercises,
machines for strength training, strength including
strength training cardio, and training cardio, strength
and cardio stretching. The machines, and training, and
exercises. equipment is fairly other fitness flexibility
However, the basic but equipment for exercises. The
variety and functional for a public use. equipment is
sophistication of public outdoor While the fairly basic, but
the equipment gym. equipment is it covers a
may be more functional, it broad range of
basic compared may be more fitness needs,
to an indoor basic compared making it
gym. to what’s accessible for a
available in wide audience.
indoor gyms.
Safety The park The park is The park The park is
generally generally safe, generally generally safe
maintains a safe with regular maintains a with well-
environment, maintenance of safe maintained
 with equipment the gym environment equipment,
that is designed equipment and with well- clean
for public use well-lit areas. maintained surroundings,
and typically However, as with equipment and and security
checked for any public outdoor security in the measures in
maintenance. space, safety can vicinity. place.
However, being be influenced by However, like However, like
an outdoor factors like time of other public any public
space, the safety day and park parks, safety park, safety
of the park may management. can depend on may depend on
also depend on the time of day, factors like the
other factors the presence of time of day and
such as weather park attendants, the general
conditions or and the general maintenance of
park security. crowd. equipment.

Ease of use The outdoor The gym The equipment The gym
gym equipment equipment at at Jubilee Park equipment at
at Ken Malloy Kensington is designed to Eco Park is
Harbor Regional Memorial Park is be simple and designed to be
Park is designed designed to be accessible for user-friendly
to be simple and easy to use for people of all and easy to
intuitive, people of all ages and fitness understand,
making it easy fitness levels. levels. There even for
for people of all Clear instructions are often clear beginners.
fitness levels to are often provided, instructions on Clear
use. It doesn't making it how to use the instructions are
require accessible to both machines, often displayed
specialized beginners and making it easy on the
knowledge, and experienced users. for users, even machines,
users can beginners, to helping users of
quickly adapt to get started. all fitness
the machines. levels to use
the equipment
safely and
effectively.
Surrounding The park is The park offers a Jubilee Park is Eco Park is
ambience known for its pleasant, green located in a known for its
natural, green environment with peaceful, green lush greenery,
environment, a mix of open environment, peaceful lakes,
with scenic spaces and shaded providing a and expansive
views, walking areas, making it an refreshing and open spaces.
trails, and a inviting place to natural The
peaceful exercise. The atmosphere for surrounding
atmosphere. The atmosphere is outdoor natural beauty
ambience of the peaceful, adding exercise. The adds to the
park enhances to the appeal of surrounding appeal of
the overall working out greenery and exercising
experience, outdoors. open space outdoors,
offering a calm make it an creating a
and open space enjoyable refreshing and
for outdoor setting for motivating
 workouts. physical environment
activity. for users.

Social The park Kensington The park The park

interaction encourages Memorial Park encourages encourages
social encourages social social social
interaction interaction. People interaction, interaction,
through its often work out in with visitors with many
open, communal groups or interact often coming visitors coming
setting. Visitors informally while together to together to
often exercise using the exercise, walk, exercise, walk,
together, equipment. The or engage in or engage in
whether in open space also group group fitness
informal groups fosters a sense of activities. The activities. The
or while community. outdoor nature park’s outdoor
participating in of the park setting also
park events, allows for encourages
fostering a sense informal informal
of community. socializing socializing,
The park's while working making it a
outdoor nature out or using the communal
also means gym space for
people are more equipment. fitness
likely to engage enthusiasts and
with others families.
compared to
more private
indoor gyms.
Accessibility The park is The park is Jubilee Park is Eco Park is
accessible to the centrally located located in a centrally
public, with in London and is well-connected located in
easy entry for easily accessible area of Kolkata and is
residents and to both local Mumbai, easily
visitors. It's residents and making it accessible to
open to people visitors. It's open accessible to residents of the
from all walks to the public and both local city and
of life, including free to use, residents and surrounding
those from making it visitors. The areas. It is open
surrounding convenient for park is open to to the public
neighborhoods everyone. the public, with and has good
and beyond, and no entry fee connectivity,
there are no fees required, which making it a
to access the enhances its popular
gym equipment. accessibility. destination for
The park's both locals and
accessibility is tourists.
one of its key
benefits,
especially for
individuals who
might not be
able to afford
 traditional gym
memberships.

Cost Ken Malloy The park is free to Jubilee Park Eco Park's
effectiveness Harbor Regional use, making it a offers free outdoor gym is
Park is cost- cost-effective access to its free to use,
effective option compared outdoor gym making it a
because it offers to paid gym equipment, highly cost-
free access to its memberships. making it effective option
outdoor gym This affordability highly cost- for people
equipment and is a key benefit, effective. There looking to
recreational especially for are no exercise
spaces. There people who want membership without the
are no to exercise fees, so people expense of a
membership without spending can use the traditional gym
fees, which money. facilities membership.
makes it an without having This makes
affordable to pay for gym fitness
option for memberships, accessible to a
anyone looking making it an wider range of
to engage in affordable people,
fitness activities option for regardless of
without fitness. their financial
financial background.
barriers.
 CHAPTER 5
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
5.1 About the survey
The effects of public park gyms among different age groups can be better identified through an
online survey which will help us to study the effects of mental, physical and social well-being.
This survey aims to find out the effects of public park gyms and its surrounding areas among
different age groups on physical, mental and social well-being based the answers provided by
people belonging to various age groups. An over-all of 63 responses were collected from a
wide range of ages category and location. The responses collected and there are listed below.
● Survey has been attended mostly by people in the category 20-30 age group and more
attendees by females.
● The results shows that outside gym parks are definitely a place for increasing social
interaction for atleast 50% where as the responses showcases that a definite no of people
doesn’t interact.
● Most of the time outside gym parks are definitely a reason to go for a physical exercise on
a regular basis, thus providing these closer to residential areas are important.

● It is seen that that both spaces for functional training and cardio in equal importance are to
be given in the park for increasing interaction.

● Providing a space for children in the gym park will definitely be an important factor in
brining inter generational society into the gym parks.Children space shall be given under
different age categories as infants, small children, children parks etc.
5.2 Inferences:
● Relaxation and cardio are the main reasons people visit outdoor public park gyms.
● Surrounding ambience, accessibility, and cost-effectiveness are the key priorities for
park-goers. The type of equipment also plays an important role in encouraging
interaction among diverse groups of people.
● To promote inclusivity, public park gyms should offer accessible features like
specialized equipment, drinking fountains, and wider pathways to cater to a broader
audience.
● Toilets and changing rooms are essential, along with children-friendly zones. Adding
walking trails and pathways can encourage more people to visit the gym.
● Incorporating green zones in the park can help raise environmental awareness.
● Additional features, like those mentioned above, can increase social interaction and
attract more users to the park gym.

5.3 Design Guidelines:

 These guidelines have been formed on the basis of the comparative study of the
selected case studies and the online survey conducted.

Accessibility of Equipment:

• Outdoor gym parks should be designed with universal access in mind. This includes
ensuring that all equipment is suitable for people with disabilities, such as handrails or
adaptive equipment for wheelchair users. Additionally, the layout should include wide
pathways, ramps, and clear signage that guide all users, including those with limited
mobility, to the equipment areas. Accessible drinking fountains and rest areas should
also be strategically placed within the park to ensure comfort and convenience for all.

Sanitation facilities

• Gym parks should be designed with sanitation facilities which include changing rooms,
toilets, facilities for infants and old people shall be given importance for inter-
generational people into the gym park. It shall be provided with locker systems,
separate shower and wash areas, insect repellents facilities, first aid shops

Spatial division in the public park

• Public parks shall be designed with spaces integrated for cardio training , functional
training, weights are ,accessible training, simpler equipment for old age ,quiet zones ,
relaxing zones, agility zones , grass or turf areas for yoga/meditation in-order to
increase the intergenerational functionality in and around a public park gym.

I. Accessibility and Safety

1. Ramps and Walkways: Wide, smooth, and slip-resistant ramps and walkways for
easy navigation.

2. Wheelchair-Accessible Equipment: Adapted equipment for people with disabilities,

such as wheelchair-accessible fitness machines.

3. Soft Flooring and Shock-Absorbing Surfaces: To reduce injury risk and provide a
comfortable workout surface.

4. Adequate Lighting and Surveillance: Bright lighting and CCTV cameras to ensure
user safety and security.

5. Emergency Response Plan: A clear plan in place for emergency situations, including
first aid kits and emergency contact information.

II. Equipment Selection and Layout

1. Variety of Equipment: A range of equipment catering to different age groups, fitness

levels, and workout preferences.
2. Equipment Arrangement: Strategic placement of equipment to promote social
interaction, visibility, and efficient workflow.

3. Clear Signage and Instructions: Easy-to-understand signs and instructions for

equipment use and safety guidelines.

4. Maintenance and Repair: Regular maintenance and repair schedules to ensure

equipment is in good working condition.

III. Social Areas and Amenities

1. Seating and Rest Areas: Comfortable seating and rest areas for relaxation and
socialization.

2. Shading and Canopies: Adequate shading and canopies to protect users from the sun
and rain.

3. Water and Hydration Stations: Access to clean drinking water and hydration
stations.

4. Sanitation and Hygiene Facilities: Clean and well-maintained restrooms and

sanitation facilities.

5. Community Boards and Noticeboards: Spaces for community announcements, event

postings, and social messaging.

IV. Sustainability and Environmental Considerations

1. Energy-Efficient Lighting and Equipment: Use of energy-efficient lighting and

equipment to reduce carbon footprint.

2. Rainwater Harvesting and Water Conservation: Implementation of rainwater

harvesting systems and water-conserving measures.

3. Recycling and Waste Management: Adequate recycling facilities and waste

management systems.

4. Native Plant Species and Landscaping: Incorporation of native plant species and
sustainable landscaping practices.

V. Age-Specific Design Considerations

1. Children (5-12 years):

 - Playful and interactive equipment, such as climbing walls and rope courses.

- Soft flooring and padded surfaces for safety.

- Shade structures and canopies for sun protection.

2. Teenagers (13-19 years):

- Challenging and varied equipment, such as strength training and cardio machines.

- Social areas, such as seating and picnic tables, for relaxation and socialization.

- Access to technology, such as Wi-Fi and charging stations.

3. Adults (20-64 years):

- Equipment catering to a range of fitness levels, such as cardio, strength training,

and flexibility exercises.

- Social areas, such as seating and community gardens, for relaxation and
socialization.

- Access to amenities, such as showers and locker rooms.

4. Seniors (65+ years):

- Low-impact equipment, such as walking paths and gentle exercise machines.

- Social areas, such as seating and walking paths, for relaxation and socialization.

- Access to amenities, such as restrooms and drinking water.

VI. Technology Integration and Innovation

1. Smart Fitness Equipment: Integration of smart technology into fitness equipment,

such as virtual fitness coaches and real-time feedback.

2. Digital Signage and Wayfinding: Use of digital signage and wayfinding systems to
provide users with information and navigation assistance.

3. Mobile Apps and Virtual Fitness Platforms: Development of mobile apps and virtual
fitness platforms to enhance user experience and provide additional fitness resources.

4. Sustainable Energy Solutions: Incorporation of sustainable energy solutions, such as

solar panels and wind turbines, to power park equipment and amenities.

VII. Community Engagement and Social Programming

1. Community Events and Workshops: Regular community events and workshops,
such as fitness classes, health seminars, and social gatherings.

2. Partnerships and Collaborations: Partnerships with local organizations, businesses,

and healthcare providers to promote park usage and provide additional resources.

3. Volunteer Opportunities and Community Involvement: Opportunities for community

members to volunteer, participate in park maintenance, and contribute to park
programming.

4. Inclusive and Accessible Programming: Inclusive and accessible programming, such

as adaptive fitness classes and sensory-friendly events, to cater to diverse
community needs.
 CHAPTER 6
CONCLUSION
In conclusion the intergenerational interactions and activities in a public gym can be increased
by including equipment which are accessible to all age groups and categories of people.
Leisure activities in and around the gym can bring more people to the areas which can in-turn
increase social interaction ,well-being and improve the physical health of the
people.Accessibility and inclusivity are the most important feature in designing any space for
making it more user centric.