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    7. NH4Cl

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    geetha

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    7. NH4Cl

    Uploaded by

    geetha
    5 views3 pages

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    5 views3 pages

    7. NH4Cl

    Uploaded by

    geetha

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    SYSTEMATIC SIMPLE SALT ANALYSIS - 7

    EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE


    1 Colour Colourless Al3+, Zn2+, Ba2+, Cu2+, Sr2+& Mg2+
    2 Smell : Noted the smell of the Ammonia cal Pungent smell May be presence of NH4+
    salt
    3 Appearance Crystalline Solid May be due to Cl- , Br-, CH3COO-
    SO42-& NO3-

    4 Solubility : A pinch of the Soluble May be due to presence of Cl-, Br-,


    sample is taken in a test tube CH3COO-- , SO42-& NO3--
    and shaken with 2ml of water

    5 Action of Heat : A small


    amount of sample is taken in a Greenish yellow turns starch Presence of Cl-
    dry test tube & heated strongly Iodide paper blue

    6 Flame Test : A pinch of the No characteristic flame is Absence of Cu2+, Ba2+, Ca2+& Sr2+
    sample was taken in a watch observed.
    glass & 2 drops of Conc Hcl
    was added to make a paste of it.
    Then the paste is shown on the
    flame with a help of glass rod.

    7 Ash Test : To a small portion of No characteristic coloured ash May be the absence of Al3+, Zn2+, &Mg2+
    salt solution, 1 ml of Co(No3)2
    and 1 drop of conc HNO3
    were added. A filter paper was
    soaked in this solution and
    burnt to ashes.

    SYSTEMATIC PROCEDURE FOR SIMPLE SALT ANIONS

    EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE


    1 Dil H2SO4Test : To a pinch
    of salt dil H2SO4 was added. No characteristic gas is evolved. Absence of CO32-,S2-,SO32-& NO2-

    2 Conc H2SO4Test : Colourless gas, giving dense Presence of Cl-


    To a pinch of salt 1 ml of white fumes with a glass rod
    Conc H2SO4 was added and dippled in NH4OH
    heated.
    .
    3 BaCl2Test : To the salt No characteristic precipitate is Absence of SO42-
    solution, 2 ml of BaCl2 obtained
    Solution was added.
    4 Ester test : Take a pinch of No characteristic smell is Absence of CH3COO-
    salt in a dry test tube and add observed.
    to it 1 ml of Conc H2So4and
    4-5 drops of ethyl alcohol .
    Heat the contents of the test
    tube and smell.

    CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR ANIONS

    EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE


    1 Confirmatory test for Chloride: Cl-
    . Silver nitrate test : Curdy white precipitate soluble in Presence of Cl- is confirmed.
    To a portion of the aqueous NH4OH solution.
    solutions of the salt add dil HNO3
    and AgNO3 solution

    Chromyl Chloride test: To a pinch Red vapours giving yellow


    of salt K2Cr2O7& 1 ml of Conc solution on passing NaOH
    H2SO4 were added and heated solution.
    strongly. Presence of Cl- is confirmed.
    On adding lead acetate solution
    yellow precipitate was obtained

    SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF CATIONS

    EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE


    1 Test for zero group cations :

    NaOHTest : To a small quantity Colourless gas with pungent Presence of NH4+


    of the given salt, 1 ml of NaOH smell, giving dense white fumes
    solution was added and warmed. with a glass rod dipped in
    Con.HCl.

    2 Confirmatory Test : (Nessler’s


    reagent test): To a small amount
    of given salt, 1 ml of NaOH Brown precipitate was obtained Presence of NH4+is obtained
    solution was added and warmed,
    to the above mixture 1 ml of
    Nessler’s reagent was added.
    PREPARATION OF SALT SOLUTION

     A small amount of the salt was dissolved in 5 ml of water.

    GROUP IDENTIFICATION

    EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE


    1 Test for Group I cation: No characteristic change Absence of Group-I cation
    To 1 ml of the salt solution, 1 ml
    of dil. HCl was added
    2 Test for Group II cation: No characteristic change Absence of Group-II cation
    To the above mixture of group I,
    H2S gas was passed
    3 Test for Group IIIcation: No characteristic change Absence of Group-III cation
    To 1 ml of salt solution, 1 ml of
    each NH4Cl & NH4OH solutions
    were added
    4 Test for Group IVcation: No characteristic change Absence of Group-IV cation
    To the above mixture of Group III,
    H2S gas was passed.
    5 Test for Group Vcation: No characteristic change Absence of Group-V cation
    To1 ml of salt solution, 1ml of
    each NH4Cl, NH4OH & (NH4)2CO3
    solutions were added.
    6 Test for Group VIcation: No characteristic change Absence of Group-VI cation
    To1 ml of salt solution, 1 ml of
    each NH4Cl, NH4OH & Na2HPO4
    solution was added.
    RESULT:
    The given simple salt contains:
    (i) Anion :Chloride
    (ii) Cation :Ammonium

    Salt = Ammoniumchloride

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