TECHNICAL REPORT

ON

STUDENTS INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)

AT

JIGAWA STATE INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

BY

BELLO SULAIMAN
CIS/CSC/22/2001

A TECHNICAL REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF

COMPUTER SCIENCE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, AL-QALAM
UNIVERSITY, KATSINA

IN PARTIAL FILFULLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD

OF BACH EL OR DEGREE OF SCIENCE (B.SC.COMPUTER SCIENCE)
AL-QALAM UNIVERSITY, KATSINA

NOVEMBER, 2024

i
 Certification

This training report has been read and approved as meeting requirement for the

award of the Bachelor Degree in Computer Science (B.Sc Computer Science) of Al-

Qalam University Katsina.

Malama Mardiyya L Bagiwa _____________________

(SIWES Supervisor) Sign/Date

Malama Rukayya Musa Ismail _____________________

(SIWES Coordinator) Sign/Date

Dr. Sanusi Abu Darma _____________________

(Head of Department) Sign/Date

ii
 Dedication

This SIWES report is greatly dedicated to my beloved parents.

iii
 Abstract

This technical report presents the experience gained during my 6 months of industrial

training undertaken at Jigawa state institute of information technology. My training

was on Microsoft word, Excel and Power point. I acquired practical knowledge on

how to design new files and edit files using the above mentioned tools. This report

discusses the technical skills gained during the training period and justifying the

relevance of the scheme in equipping students with needed technical competence to

thrive in the real world.

iv
 Acknowledgement

I want to start by thanking the Almighty Allah, merciful, Creator and Master of

Judgment who in His infinite mercy has given me the possibility to conduct this

industrial Training Fund. I would also like to acknowledge my entire family, relatives

and friends that have cheered me on during this Industrial training Fund. I could not

have done it without them. I equally appreciated the effort of the entire staff Jigawa

state institute of information technology for their support gave me throughout the

duration of the SIWES.

v
 Table of contents
Cover Page- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - i
Certification- - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - ii
Dedication- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - iii
Abstract- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - iv
Acknowledgement- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - v
Table of Contents- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - vi
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
1.1 About SIWES- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
1.2 Aim and Objectives- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Introduction- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - 3
2.1 Historical Background of the organization- - - - - - - - - 3
2.2 Programs Offered- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Introduction- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5
3.1 Activities carried out during the period of IT- - - - - - - - 5
CHAPTER FOUR
PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED, SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS &
CONCLUSION
4.0 Introduction- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10
4.1 Problems encountered- - - - - - - - - - - - - 10
4.2 Possible solution- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10
4.3 Summary- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10
4.4 Recommendations- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11
4.5 Conclusion- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11
References- - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - 12

vi
 CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction

This chapter as the first chapter of this report focuses its attention on clearly making

the aim and objectives of this training and the introduction of student ’ s industrial

work experience scheme known by the user of this report. This chapter indeed go

further defined and briefly make some emphasis on the history of SIWES.

1.1 About SIWES

The word "SIWES" stand for acronym 'student's industrial work experience scheme.

The Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is an accepted skills

program which forms part of the approved academic standards in the degree program

for Nigerian Universities. In 1947, the Federal Government of Nigeria introduced the

national policy on industrial training, called the Students Industrial work Experience

Scheme (SIWES). This program is under the umbrella of the Ministry of Education

through the Industrial Training Fund (ITF), was designed to help students acquire the

necessary practical educational experience in their fields of study and other related

professions.

This is an effort which was created in order to bridge the existing gap between the

theories taught in the classrooms and practice of science, agriculture, medicine,

engineering, technology and other professional programs in the Nigerian tertiary

institution. This program is aimed at exposing the students to the use of various

machine and equipment, professional work methods and ways of safeguarding the

work areas in industries as well as other organizations and palatals. The program was

1
established basically to impact, elaborate practical understanding to students with

respect to their various disciplines. It also intended that the student through a process

of relation to academic knowledge and practical industrial application would

understand the underlying principles and become better focused and acquire the

The SIWES practical applications towards excellence in his or her discipline. Program

involves the student, universities and the industries. This training is funded by the

Federal Government of Nigeria and jointly coordinated by the Industrial Training

Fund (ITF) and the National Universities Commission (NUC).

1.2 Aim and Objectives

To acquaint students with professional work methods obtainable in their various fields

of endeavors, thereby boosting skills and enhancing work experience.

Objectives of SIWES

i. To revive the urge and the need for research projects and findings in our

educational institution and in the mind of young students.

ii. To bridge the gap between theoretical and practical aspects of scientific

findings in our higher institution.

iii. To develop the skills of the students to exposing them to different methods

and techniques as well as their possible substitutes in working situation.

iv. It enables students to acquire technical skills and experience for

professional development in their study.

2
 CHAPTER TWO

2.0 introduction

The chapter presents the historical background of the organizations, vision and

mission and the services offered by the organization.

2.1 Historical Background of the organization

The Jigawa State Institute of Information Technology (JSIIT), located in Kazaure,

Nigeria, is a prominent educational institution established in 1992. It specializes in

offering a variety of programs focused on information technology and related fields.

2.2 Programs Offered

JSIIT provides a diverse range of academic offerings, including:

1. International Diploma and Certificate Programs: These include

foundational skills in IT, as well as specialized diplomas in areas like Gaming

and Animation Technology.

2. National Diploma Programs: These cover various fields such as Computer

Engineering, Computer Science, and Library and Information Science.

3. Higher National Diploma (HND): Available in Computer Engineering.

4. Professional Short Courses: Tailored for individuals seeking to enhance their

skills in specific IT domains.

3
Figure 1: Map of the Attachment Area

4
 CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Introduction
This chapter discussed many activities carried out during the (SIWES) programme
which includes web design, networking, and other applications packages such as
Microsoft Excel and power point.
3.1 Activities carried out during the period of IT
3.1.1 Microsoft Word
A word processor (WP) is a device or computer program that provides for input,
editing, formatting, and output of text, often with some additional features.
Word processing – the use of a program (software application) running on a computer
that allows users to create, edit, format, and store documents.
Create a Document

Figure 3.1: Microsoft Word

Steps to create a new word processing document (Word, Office 365):
1. Start Microsoft Word.
2. Click the File tab.
3. Click the New tab.
4. Click Blank document. (A new blank document appears.)
5. Type your text. The text you type will be inserted into the document.

5
Edit a Document
Editing a document – making revisions to a document, focusing on correcting errors,
improving the accuracy of language, rearranging, making words and sentences clearer
and more effective, etc.
Editing in word processing may include the following tasks:
 Adding text (terms, phrases, paragraphs, etc.)
 Deleting a part of a text
 Copying text
 Moving text
 Pasting text
 Checking for grammar and spelling
 Formatting text
Select Text
Before editing text, you’ll need to select it. This is also sometimes called
“highlighting text.”

1. Click File Explorer icon.

2. Go to the location where stores your file or folder (hard drive, USB, etc.).
3. Open the document you wish to edit.

4. Move the I-beam pointer to where you wish to select text.

1. To select a word: double-click the word.

2. To select an entire line of text: move the I-beam to the left of the line

until it turns into a right-pointing arrow , then click.

3. To select a paragraph: triple-click the paragraph.

4. To select any amount of text: click and drag the I-beam over the text to
highlight it.

6
 5. To select an entire document: move the I-beam to the left of any text

until it turns into a right-pointing arrow , then triple-click. Or click

the Home tab, under Editing, click Select, and then click Select All.
3.1.2 Microsoft Excel
Excel is a spreadsheet program with various components.

Figure 3.2: Microsoft-excel

Definition of a Spreadsheet
A spreadsheet is a program that manipulates number and string data in rows and
columns
• The Microsoft Excel Window includes the following components:
o Rows: Rows are referenced by the numbers.
o Columns: Columns are referenced by the alphabets.
o Cell: A cell is an intersection of a row and a column. Cells can contain various
types of data. A cell is referenced by the name of the column and row. For
example, the first cell A1 is in column A and row 1.
o Worksheet: A worksheet contains rows and columns and their intersection forms
the cells. A worksheet consists of 65,536 rows and 256 columns.

7
o Workbook: A workbook consists of worksheets. It is also referred to as an Excel
file. A workbook can be defined as a set of worksheets.
o Title bar: A title bar displays the name of the current workbook.
o Menu bar: A menu bar consists of various menus, such as File, Edit, and View.
o Toolbar: A toolbar contains buttons that provide easy access to the commands and
functions of Excel.
o Formula bar: A formula bar contains tools for creating and editing formulas.
o Name box: A name box displays the name of a selected cell and a range of cells.
o Task Pane: A task pane serves as an additional navigation tool substituting the
frequently used dialog boxes. The task pane appears each time you start Excel.
o Horizontal scroll bar: A horizontal scroll bar serves as a tool to view the left or
right part of the worksheet that is not displayed on the screen.
o Vertical scroll bar: A vertical scroll bar serves as a tool to view the top or bottom
part of the worksheet that is not displayed on the screen.
o Sheet Tab: A sheet tab helps to navigate between worksheets in a workbook.
Operations with Excel Programs
• To start Excel, we perform the following Click Start Programs Microsoft Excel.
• A blank workbook is opened
Opening Excel Worksheet
• To create a workbook, perform the following steps:
1. Select the File New command (New Workbook task pane is displayed on the
right-hand side of the screen)
The New Workbook task pane displays the following sections:
Open a workbook: Enables you to open an existing workbook.
New: Enables you to create a workbook.
New from existing workbook: Creates a new workbook with the same contents
as the existing workbook, but with a different name.
New from template: Enables you to create a new workbook from an existing
template.

8
 2. Select the Blank Workbook option from the New section. This opens a new
workbook, as shown:
Alternatively: you can hold down the Ctrl key and press the N key to create a
workbook.
By default, the first cell A1 in a new worksheet is active when you create a new
workbook
Opening a Workbook
• When you start Excel, it opens a blank workbook
• To open an existing workbook, perform the following steps:
1. Select the File Open command from Microsoft Excel Window to display the
Open dialog box
2. Select the required file(s) from the list of files displayed in the dialog box
3. Click the Open button to open the selected file(s)
To open multiple adjacent files, select the first file in the block from the Open
dialog box, press the Shift key, and select the last file Saving the Workbook
• Saving a workbook is similar as in saving any file in Microsoft office (word,
power point).
• Steps to save a workbook
1. Select the File Save command from the Microsoft Excel Window (Save As dialog
box is displayed)
2. From the Save in list, select the folder in which you want to save the workbook
3. Enter a file name in the File name text box of the Save As dialog box
4. Select the type of file that has to be saved from the Save as type drop-down list
Click the Save button to save the workbook
Alternatively, you can hold down the Ctrl key and press the S key to save a
workbook.

9
HTML
HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) is the language used in the development of
Interfaces for interaction with users (i.e. web pages) which contains elements that
describe the structure of the document (webpage). These elements consist of an
opening tag, a closing tag, and some content between the opening and closing tags. In
order to alter some properties of elements, the opening tag may carry attributes, and
attributes are always written as name value pairs.HTML files are created using a text
editor like Notepad and are saved with file extension of .html or .htm. Also HTML
with stands for Hypertext Markup Language, and it is the most widely used language
to write Web Pages.
Hypertext refers to the way in which Web pages (HTML documents) are linked
together. Thus, the link available on a webpage is called Hypertext.
As its name suggests, HTML is a Markup Language which means you use HTML
to simply "mark-up" a text document with tags that tell a Web browser how to
structure it to display.
HTML Table
The HTML <table> tag is used for defining a table. The table tag contains other tags
that define the structure of the table.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
HTML
305
<title>HTML table Tag</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>Team</th>

10
<th>Ranking</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>India</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>South Africa</td>
<td>2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Australia</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body></html>
Basic HTML Document
In its simplest form, following is an example of an HTML document:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>This is document title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>this is a heading</h1>
<p>Document content goes here.....</p>
</body>
</html>
Below is an example of HTML webpage that contains the basic HTML tags and
attributes.

11
<html>
<head>
<title> This is a Web Page </ title >
<body bgcolor=”#2b2b2b”>
<a href=”www.google.com”> Go to Google Website</a
</body>
</html>

12
 DESCRIPTION OF SOME OF THE HTML TAGS
HTML tags are enclosed within angle braces <Tag Name>. Except few tags,
most of the tags have their corresponding closing tags. For example, <html>has its
closing tag</html>and <body>tag has its closing tag </body>tag etc.
Tag Description
<!DOCTYPE> This tag defines the document type and HTML version.
<html> This tag encloses the complete HTML document and mainly comprises of document
header which is represented by <head>...</head> and document body which is
represented by <body>...</body> tags.

<head> This tag represents the document's header which can keep other HTML tags like <title>,
<link>.
<tittle> The <title> tag is used inside the <head> tag to mention the document title.

<body> This tag represents the document's body which keeps other HTML tags
like <h1>, <div>, <p>.

<h1> This tag represents the heading.

<pr> This tag represent the paragraph

<tr> This tag define the table rows
<hr> This tag define the horizontal rows
<!----> This tag it is for comment
<img> This tag define an image
<table> It is use to create table
<br> This tag define line break
<li> This tag define a list items
<q> This tag define a short quotation

Introduction to data communication

Transferring data over a transmission medium between two or more devices,
systems, or places is known as data communication. Nowadays, computing and
telecommunications depend heavily on this data transmission, which makes a variety
of applications conceivable, including email, video chatting, the Internet, and many
more things.
Components of Data Communication

13
A communication system is made up of the following components:
Message: A message is a piece of information that is to be transmitted from one
person to another. It could be a text file, an audio file, a video file, etc.
Sender: It is simply a device that sends data messages. It can be a computer, mobile,
telephone, laptop, video camera, or workstation, etc.
Receiver: It is a device that receives messages. It can be a computer, telephone
mobile, workstation, etc.
Transmission Medium / Communication Channels: Communication channels are
the medium that connect two or more workstations. Workstations can be connected
by either wired media or wireless media.
Set of rules (Protocol): When someone sends the data (The sender), it should be
understandable to the receiver also otherwise it is meaningless. For example, Sonali
sends a message to Chetan.

14
 CHAPTER FOUR
PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED, SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS &
CONCLUSION
4.0 Introduction
This chapter is based on the whole report as it glances contains the summary of the
report, conclusion and some recommendation I if carefully followed, would help find
a lasting solution of the problems presently affecting program in the country.
4.1 problems encountered
Some of the problems encountered during my stay at include:
 The organization Staff are sometimes too busy for us (IT Students)
 We were not given Internet Access Details, which could have been very
important to our learning.
 Difficulty in Transport as a result of non-payment of IT allowance by the
Industrial Training Fund (ITF)
 Some Computers in the 1CT that are not working were neglected, till when
it was time for Jamb Computer Based Test.
4.2 possible solution
Based on what I experienced during my Industrial Training Fund, I hereby suggest the
following:
The organization should increase the time spent by students at the Industrial
Training as this will increase the things we will learn.
 Student should improve their relationship with the hosting staff of their
various places of Industrial Training as this will encourage the
organizations to accept more student next year.
 Industrial Training Fund (ITF) should be paying students IT allowances
before or during the activities (SIWES)
4.3 summary
The technical report consists of four chapters; Chapter one contains the general
introduction about SIWES, background of study, brief history of SIWES and Aims
and Objectives of SIWES, Chapter two deals with the description and location of the

15
attachment area (ITF Office Sokoto) and visions of the establishment.
Chapter three contains all the activities and the procedures carried out in the
attachment area, and lastly chapter four contains the summary, conclusion and the
recommendations of the experiences gained at the attachment area.
4.4 Recommendations
In view of the relevance of the SIWES program, it is important that it is sustained by
the government through the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) as it exposes the student to
work tools, facilities, and equipment that may not be available in their respective
institutions in relation to their course of study.
To this end, it was recommended that the following under-listed points should be
implemented:
1- Students’ Industrial Works Experience Scheme (SIWES) needs to be strengthened
by all concerned stakeholder in order for its objectives to be fully realized.
2- Regular monthly allowances for students on attachment should be paid promptly.
3- Organizations should always accept students for SIWES and subsequently assign
them to relevant jobs.
4- Experience staff should always be made to train the students on attachment
5- There should be more funding of the scheme by the government in order for it to be
more effective.
6- The companies should put in place all the necessary facilities needed to enhance
the knowledge of the student in industrial attachment.
4.5 conclusion
I thank God for seeing me through my Industrial work experience training
successfully, I really appreciate the efforts of my able SIWES coordinator and my
SIWES Supervisor for their numerous support and my friends for their prayers and
financial supports, and the entire staff

16
REFERENCES
Alan Demers, Srinivasan Keshav and Scott Shenker, “Analysis and Simulation of a
Fair

Queueing Algorithm”, ACM SIGCOMM Proceedings on Communications

Architectures and Protocols, 1989. Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman, “ New
Directions in Cryptography ” , IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, volume
IT-22, November 1976.

David Clark, Steven Bauer, kc claffy, Amogh Dhamdhere, BBradley Huffaker,

William Lehr, and Matthew Luckie, “ Measurement and Analysis of Internet
Interconnection and Congestion”, Telecommunications Policy Research
Conference (TPRC) 2014, September 2014.

Ivan Dåmgard, “A Design Principle for Hash Functions”, Advances in Cryptology -

CRYPTO’ 89 Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science volume 435, Springer-

Verlag, 1989.

Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen, “The Design of Rijndael: AES – The Advanced
Encryption Standard.”, Springer-Verlag, 2002.

Mikael Degermark, Andrej Brodnik, Svante Carlsson, and Stephen Pink, “ Small
forwarding tables for fast routing lookups”, Proceedings of the ACM
SIGCOMM ‘97 conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and
Protocols for Computer Communication, September 1997.

Yogen Dalal and Carl Sunshine, “Connection Management in Transport Protocols”,

Computer Networks 2, 1978.

17