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Masonry Wall

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23 views11 pages

Masonry Wall

Uploaded by

shivashankarshivashankar729
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MASONRY WALL:

Masonry wall is one of the oldest construction method


known to humans
This wall is constructed using materials is stone, brick
and concrete blocks . this materials are stacked on top
of each other blocks and it’s bonded with a mortar
Types of masonry walls :
Based on material
 Stone masonry
 Brick masonry
 Block masonry
 Gabion masonry
 Composite masonry
 Reinforced masonry
Based on bonding material
 Cement mortar masonry
 Lime mortar masonry
 Mud mortar masonry

Stone masonry :
 Stones are the most hardest material in the masonry
unites.
 Stones is rarely effected by environmental crisis and this
is not susceptible to corrosion, fire ,winds..etc.
 Stones are lifespan is more
 In India, many temples are built with stones.

Brick masonry :

 Brick masonry is done with burnt clay bricks .it is


durable and strong, so this bricks is used in load bearing
walls
 Brick masonry best for load bearing walls but when
height of the building increases walls thickness also
increase according to the height of building.
 Bricks are weak in a tension, when compressive loads
increases the cracks are easily formed in bricks.
Block masonry :
 The block masonry is more popular nowadays,the
reasons are bigger and lighter, and it requires less mortar
and less number of joints.
 This block masonry is either reinforced or un-reinforced.
Gabion masonry:

 The gabion are baskets,usually protected with


galvanized steel wire filled stones are in medium size.
 The gabion act as a single unit and it takes horizontal
force.
 They are mostly used as a retaining walls and aesthetic
purposes.

Composite masonry :
 It is constructed with the help of two or more materials it
is called as composite masonry.
 The composite masonry are adopted due to the
following;
o To improve the appearance of the building.
o To use available materials for maximum
economy.
Reinforced masonry:

 It is the process of installing steel reinforcement in the


form of reinforcing bars and placed in the holes of the
blocks.
 It increases the tensile strength of masonry.
 And it can also withstand horizontal forces like seismic
loads.
NEEDS OF MASONRY IN HIGH RISE
BUILDING:

Planning and Design:


 Architectural Plans: Develop detailed architectural
plans that include the layout and specifications of the
masonry walls.
 Structural Engineering: Engage a structural engineer to
design the walls to withstand loads and forces,
considering factors like wind and seismic activity.

Material Selection:
 Bricks/Blocks: Choosing the appropriate masonry units
like (bricks, concrete blocks, or stones) based on the
strength, durability, and aesthetic requirements.
 Mortar: Select the right type of mortar like (cement-
lime mortar, ready-mix mortar) for binding the masonry
units.
 Reinforcement: Determine the need for reinforcement
(steel bars, wire mesh) to enhance the structural integrity.
Site Preparation:
 Foundation: Ensure a solid foundation to support the
masonry walls. This may involve laying concrete
footings or slabs.
 Scaffolding: Set up scaffolding for safe access to higher
levels during construction.

Wall Construction:
 Laying the First Course: Start with a precise and level
first course of masonry units. This sets the foundation for
the entire wall.
 Building Up: Continue laying subsequent courses,
ensuring each course is level and plumb.
 Mortar Application: Apply mortar evenly between the
masonry units, using the proper techniques to avoid gaps
and to ensure a strong bond.
 Reinforcement Installation: Place reinforcement as
required, typically at regular intervals and at the specific
points like corners and intersections.
Structural Integration:
 Tie-ins: Integrate the masonry walls with the building's
structural frame using ties and anchors to enhance
stability.
 Expansion Joints: Incorporate expansion joints to allow
for thermal movement and prevent cracking.

Quality Control:
 Inspection: Conduct regular inspections to ensure the
compliance with design specifications and building
codes.
 Testing: Perform tests on materials and construction
(e.g., compressive strength tests for bricks, slump tests
for mortar).

Finishing:
 Pointing and Jointing: Finish the joints between
masonry units for aesthetic appeal and weather
resistance.
 Surface Treatment: Apply surface treatments (plaster,
paint) as required.
Safety Considerations:
 Worker Safety: Ensure all workers follow safety
protocols, including wearing protective gear and
adhering to scaffold safety regulations.
 Material Handling: Use proper techniques and
equipment for handling and transporting heavy masonry
units to prevent injuries.

Compliance:
 Building Codes: Ensure all the construction practices
comply with the local building codes and regulations.
 Permits and Inspections: Obtain necessary permits and
schedule inspections at various stages of construction.

Environmental Considerations:
 Waste Management: Implement waste management
practices to handle construction debris responsibly.
 Sustainability: Consider using eco-friendly materials
and methods to reduce the environmental impact.
Advantages of Masonry Walls:

Durability:

Masonry walls are renowned for their longevity and


robustness. They can withstand harsh weather conditions,
including extreme temperatures, wind, and rain, making them
ideal for residential complexes.

Fire Resistance:

Masonry materials like brick and concrete have excellent fire


resistance, enhancing the safety of residents in high-rise
buildings.

Thermal Mass:

Masonry walls provides a good thermal mass, which helps in


maintaining a stable indoor temperature by absorbing heat
during the day and releasing it at the night.

Sound Insulation:

The density of masonry walls offers superior sound insulation,


which is crucial in high-density residential complexes to
ensure privacy and reduce noise pollution

Disadvantages of Masonry Walls:


Weight:

Masonry walls are heavy ,In which it can increase the load on
the foundation and the structural framework of high-rise
buildings. This necessitates careful structural engineering to
ensure stability.

Construction Time:

Constructing masonry walls are labor-intensive and time-


consuming compared to alternative methods like prefabricated
panels or drywall systems.

Cost:

The cost of materials and labor for masonry walls can be


higher than other construction methods. This includes the
expenses for skilled masons and the extended construction
timeline.

Limited Flexibility:

Once constructed, masonry walls offer limited flexibility for


modifications or repairs, which can be a disadvantage in the
dynamic needs of residential complexes.

Conclusion
Constructing masonry walls in a high-rise residential complex
is feasible, it provides a unique challenges and are addressed
through careful planning, engineering, and construction
practices. While the masonry wall offers numerous
advantages, such as durabilities, fire resistance, and sound
insulation, they are also present in challenges related to
weight, cost, and construction time.

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