SEMESTER 4

Year of
L T P S C
23ARD401 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN – III Introduction
0 0 8 8 8 2023
Preamble:
The course introduces the students to issues related with the design of human
habitat, its components and space standards. It also helps to understand
residential spaces in a specific context, relationship between human behaviour and
space through site visits and studio exercises. It also seeks to explore volume of
space, shape, form, function, climatic consideration, and material sensitivity
through design exercise, and to understand the needs of privacy, communal spaces,
efficiency of open spaces and ideas of extended living areas.
Prerequisite: Nil
Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able to
Summarize technical data regarding site, building byelaws, space standards,
CO 1 building services and other architectural design criteria and analyze them
for designing a residential space. (Remember, Understand, Analyze)
Analyze architectural design cases for designing a residential space based
CO 2 on different parameters to prepare well-defined inferences. (Understand,
Analyze, Evaluate)
Apply the knowledge acquired through live and literature data (site, data
CO 3 collection, case studies etc.) in devising complex space planning solutions.
(Apply, Analyze, Evaluate, Create)
Design a residential space and prepare presentation drawings with
CO 4
necessary architectural details. (Apply, Create)
CO - PO MAPPING
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO 1      
CO 2       
CO 3   
CO 4       
Assessment Pattern
Continuous Assessment Tools End Semester
Bloom’s Category
Reviews Examination (Jury)
Remember  
Understand  
Apply  
Analyse  
Evaluate  
Create  
Assessment tools: Reviews of Data collected, Site study and analysis, user group
study and analysis, Concept development and design evolution, drawing preparation
and design presentations and models
 Mark Distribution of CIA

Course Structure Studio [P] Total

Attendance
[L-T-P] Project-1 Project-2 Marks

10 90 100

Total Mark distribution

Total Marks CIA (Marks) ESE (Marks) ESE Duration
200 100 100 Jury

End Semester Examination [ESE]: Pattern

ESE will be the portfolio evaluation by a panel of jury.

SYLLABUS

MODULE I: Minor Project

Study based on residential typologies: Emphasis on issues related with the design
of human habitat, its components and space standards. Emphasis on user needs
and its translation into design programs. Study on usage of local materials and
innovative construction techniques

MODULE II: Major Project

Design of a simple building for residential use in the immediate or observable
environment with a focus on program and use. Exercises relating personal
experiences to behavioral needs and translating them into architectural program
requirements.
Reference books
1. Arthur L. Guptill and Susan E. Meyer, 'Rendering in Pen and Ink' ,
Watson-Guptill, 1997
2. Francis D. K. Ching, 'Architectural Graphics', Wiley, 2009.
3. Francis D. K. Ching, ‘Architecture: Form, Space and Order’, John Wiley
& Sons, 2007.
4. Geoffrey Broadbent `Design in Architecture’ John Wiley and Sons, 1973.
5. Neuferts' Architect's Data
6. Simon Unwin, ‘Analizing Architecture’, Routledge, 2003
7. Simon Unwin, ‘An Architecture Notebook Wall’ Routledge, 2000
8. Simon Unwin, ‘Doorway’, Routledge, 2007
9. Roth, L. M. ‘Understanding Architecture: Its Experience, History and
Meaning’, 3rd Ed. Philadelphia: West-view press, 2013
10. Rudolf, A ‘The dynamics of architectural form’, Berkeley and Los Angeles:
University of California Press, 1977.
 COURSE CONTENTS AND LECTURE SCHEDULE
No. of Hours
No.
[104]
MODULE 1 [32 hours]

1.1 Study based on residential typologies. 8

Emphasis on issues related with the design of human habitat, 8

1.2
its components and space standards.

1.3 User needs and its translation into design programs. 8

Study on usage of local materials and innovative construction 8

1.4
techniques

MODULE II [72 hours]

Introduction to the initial design parameters which include

choice of Geography/situation (context), User 8
2.1
Group/development model, and Development guidelines
(byelaws).
Data regarding building byelaws, space standards, building
2.2 services and other architectural design criteria and adopt them 8
for designing a residential space.
2.3 Site studies, Analysis and Inferences 8

2.4 Case studies, Analysis and Inference, Design brief 8

Concept development, Design development/ Form 8
2.5
Development
Detailed drawings, Detailing of architectural features- 8
2.6a
preliminary
2.6b Detailed drawings, Detailing of architectural features- final 8

2.7 Models 8

2.8 Portfolio preparation 8

 Year of
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE & L T P S C
23ARS402 Introduction
CULTURE - III 2023
3 0 0 3 3
Preamble:
The course enables to create an appreciation of architectural developments in the
historical context in the minds of students. To explore the cultural and contextual
determinants that produced a specific architectural vocabulary. To understand
architecture as a process, evolving within specific cultural contexts considering the
aspects of politics, religion, society, climate, geography, technology, influences and
character of built forms.

Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able to
CO1 Discuss the evolution of Church Architecture in a historical context.
CO2 Understand and analyse the architectural characteristics of church
architecture of Eastern and Western Roman empire as an outcome of various
social, political and economic influences and as a response to the cultural and
climate conditions.
CO3 Evaluate the technological innovations in the evolution of church architecture
styles in various regions and periods.
CO4 Identify and evaluate renaissance characteristics through visual and formal
analysis of architecture
CO5 Compare and discuss cross-cultural linkages in indigenous church
architecture of Kerala

CO - PO MAPPING
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO 1   
CO 2   
CO 3   
CO 4   
CO 5    

Assessment Pattern
Continuous Assessment Tools
End Semester
Bloom’s Category
Test 1 Test 2 Other tools Examination
Remember    
Understand    
Apply
Analyse    
Evaluate
Create
Assessment tools: Sketching, site visits, presentations
 Mark Distribution of CIA

Attendance Theory [L- T]

Course Structure Assignment Test-1 Test-2 Total
[L-T-P] Marks

4 12 12 12 40

Total Mark distribution

Total Marks CIA (Marks) ESE (Marks) ESE Duration

100 40 60 3 hours
End Semester Examination [ESE]: Pattern
PATTERN PART A PART B ESE Marks
5 Questions with one 10 questions with 2 questions
question from each from each module, of which
module, and 4 marks the student should answer
any one from each module.
PATTERN for each question.
1 One or two questions can
Answer all questions have sub divisions. 60
in Part A.
Each question carries 8
marks.

Marks: (5x4 =20 Marks: (5x8 = 40 marks)

marks)

Total Marks: 20 Total Marks: [5x8 = 40 marks]

SYLLABUS
MODULE I: Early Christian Architecture, Byzantine Architecture
Early Christian Architecture: Typology - Catacombs, earliest churches. Basilican
church typology: planning, construction and other features. Old St. Peter’s church.
Byzantine Architecture: Centralized church typology: Spatial planning,
construction and other features, Greek cross and Latin cross, knowledge of placing
a dome over a regular polygonal plan with pendentives Example- Hagia Sophia,
Constantinople. Old St. Peter’s church.
MODULE II: Romanesque
Romanesque: Historical Context- Characteristics of Romanesque architecture -
Development of Barrel vaulting into groined systems – leading to ribbed vault–
Development of church plan. Detail study of Italian Romanesque Architecture -
Example - PISA CATHEDRAL WITH BAPTISTERY & CAMPANILE.
 MODULE III: Gothic Architecture
Gothic Architecture - Architectural background, Characteristics of Gothic
churches and cathedrals, Evolution of structural systems- Pointed ribbed vaulting,
Flying buttresses, Rose windows, Gargoyles, Tracery. Example – REIMS
CATHEDRAL, FRANCE
MODULE IV: Renaissance Architecture
Renaissance Architecture - Filippo Brunelleschi, Alberti. Characteristics of
Renaissance architecture, Mannerism. Example - CATHEDRAL OF ST. PETER,
Characteristics of Baroque architecture- BAROQUE, Detailed study of PIAZZA OF
ST. PETER, ROME, ROCOCO STYLE.
MODULE V: Church Architecture of Kerala
Church Architecture of Kerala – Evolution, Characteristics of Indigenous Church
Architecture of Kerala, Example – St. Mary’s Church, Kalloopara. Advent of
Portuguese- Cultural Assimilation - Influences in Church Architecture of Kerala-,
Example - St. Mary’s Basilica, Kalloorkad.
Reference books
1. Sir Banister Fletcher, A History of Architecture (Century Edition) / Butterworth
Heinemann, CBS Publishers & Distributors,1999
2. An Gympel, KONEMANN, The Story of Architecture FROM ANTIQUITY TO THE
PRESENT.
3. Pier Liugi Nervi, General Editor – History of World Architecture – Series, HARRY
N.Abrams, Inc. Pub, New York, 1972.
4. S.Lloyd and H.W.Muller, History of World Architecture Series, Faber and Faber
Ltd., London, 1986. • Spiro Kostof – History of Architecture – Setting and Rituals,
Oxford University Press, London,
5. A World History of Architecture / Marian Moffett, Michael Fazio & Lawrence
Wodehouse / McGraw-Hill
6. Encyclopedia of Architectural Technology / Ed: Pedro Guedes / McGraw-Hill
7. CRASH COURSE IN ARCHITECTURE / Eva Howarth / Caxton Editions
8. The Great Ages of World Architecture / G. H. Hiraskar / Dhanpat Rai
9. The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy, 1860, English translation, by SGC
Middlemore, in 2 vols., • London, 1878)
10. Erwin Panofsky, Renaissance and Renascences in Western Art, (New York:
Harper and Row, 1960)
11. Arnold Hauser, Mannerism: The Crisis of the Renaissance and the Origins of
Modern Art, Cambridge:Harvard University Press, 1965, ISBN 0-674-54815-9
12. Wolfflin, Heinrich (1971). Renaissance and Baroque. London: Collins.
13. Stefan Muthesius (1994). Art, architecture and design in Poland, 966-1990:
an introduction. K.R. Langewiesche Nachfolger H. Koster Verlagsbuchhandlung.
p. 34. ISBN 3-7845-7611-7.
 14. Francis Ching, Mark Jarzombek, Vikram Prakash, A Global History of
Architecture, Wiley Press, 2006.
15. Jean-Francois Gabriel, "Classical Architecture for the Twenty-first Century",
Norton, 2004
COURSE CONTENTS AND LECTURE SCHEDULE
No. of Hours
No.
[36 hours]
MODULE 1 [8 hours]
Early Christian Architecture: Typology - Catacombs, earliest 2
1.1
churches.
Basilican church typology: planning, construction, and other 1
1.2
features.
1.3 Old St. Peter’s church. 1
Byzantine Architecture: Centralized church typology: Spatial 1
1.4
planning, construction and other features
1.5 Construction and other features: Greek cross and Latin cross. 1
Knowledge of placing a dome over a regular polygonal plan
1.6 with pendentives Example- Hagia Sophia, Constantinople. Old 2
St. Peter’s church.
MODULE II [6 hours]
Romanesque: Historical Context- Characteristics of 2
2.1
Romanesque architecture
Development of Barrel vaulting into groined systems – leading 2
2.2
to ribbed vault– Development of church plan.
Detail study of Italian Romanesque Architecture - Example - 2
2.3
PISA CATHEDRAL WITH BAPTISTERY & CAMPANILE.
MODULE III [6 hours]

3.1 Gothic Architecture - Architectural background 2

3.2 Characteristics of Gothic churches and cathedrals 1

Evolution of structural systems- Pointed ribbed vaulting, 1
3.3
Flying buttresses
Evolution of structural systems- Rose windows, Gargoyles, 1
3.4
Tracery.
3.5 Example – REIMS CATHEDRAL, FRANCE 1
MODULE IV [8 hours]

4.1 Renaissance Architecture - Filippo Brunelleschi, Alberti. 2

4.2 Example - CATHEDRAL OF ST. PETER 1

 4.3 Characteristics of Renaissance architecture, Mannerism. 2

4.4 Characteristics of Baroque architecture- BAROQUE 2

BAROQUE, Detailed study of PIAZZA OF ST. PETER, ROME, 1

4.5
ROCOCO STYLE.
MODULE V [8 hours]
Church Architecture of Kerala – Evolution, Characteristics 2
5.1
of Indigenous Church Architecture of Kerala
5.2 Example – St. Mary’s Church, Kalloopara. 2
Advent of Portuguese- Cultural Assimilation - Influences in
5.4 Church Architecture of Kerala-, Example - St. Mary’s Basilica, 2
Kalloorkad.
5.5 Comparison – different styles of church architecture 2

CO ASSESSMENT SAMPLE QUESTIONS

1 How did the Old St. Peter’s church exemplify the architectural and design
innovations of Early Christian Architecture, and what were its key characteristics?
2 How did the Hagia Sophia exemplify the architectural and design innovations of
the Byzantine Architecture, and what were its key characteristics?

3 How did the Romanesque period contribute to the development of church

architecture and what were the technological advancements in construction
techniques?
4 Elaborate on the Architectural Marvel of St. Peter's Cathedral under the
Renaissance Architecture with neat sketches.

5 Elaborate on characteristics of Church Architecture of Kerala with relevant

examples and sketches.
 Year of
LANDSCAPE DESIGN AND SITE L T P S C
23ARS403 Introduction
PLANNING 2023
2 0 2 4 4
Preamble:
To enable the students to understand the principles of landscape design, construction
techniques, site planning etc. and imbibe the importance of integrating landscape
design with the built environment.
Prerequisite: Nil
Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able to:
CO 1 Demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of the elements and principles
of landscape architecture.
CO 2 Analyze the basic principles of site grading, site drainage, and site layout to
apply in design projects
CO 3 Exhibit knowledge about various landscape construction techniques and
plant materials.
CO 4 Appreciate historic precedents to understand how landscape architects utilize
the elements and principles of landscape design to shape outdoor spaces.
CO - PO MAPPING
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO 1   
CO 2       
CO 3     
CO 4    
Assessment Pattern
Continuous Assessment Tools End Semester
Bloom’s Category
Test 1 Test 2 Other tools Examination
Remember    
Understand    
Apply    
Analyze    
Evaluate 
Create 
Mark Distribution of CIA

Course Structure Assignm Portfolio Total

Attendance Test-1
[L-T-P] ent & Viva Marks

05 15 15 15 50

Total Mark distribution

Total
CIA (Marks) ESE (Marks) ESE Duration
Marks
100 50 50 3 hours
End Semester Examination [ESE]: Pattern
PATTERN PART A PART B ESE Marks
Part A shall have a total Part B shall have a total
of 5 questions, 1 of 10 questions; 2
question from each questions will be given
from each module, out of
PATTERN 1 module. Each question
which 1 question should
carries 3 marks. be answered. Each
question can have a 50
maximum of 2
subdivisions. Each
Marks: (5X3 =15 marks)
question carries 7 marks.
Marks: (5x7 = 35 marks)

Total Marks: 15 Total Marks: 35 Total Marks: 50

SYLLABUS
MODULE I: Introduction to Landscape Architecture
Introduction to Landscape Architecture, definition, importance, need and scope,
Role of landscape design in architecture.
Landscape elements (Major and Minor Elements, Natural and Manmade elements,
Tangible, and Intangible elements, Soft and Hard landscape elements).
Understanding the visual characteristics (color, form, texture) and the non-visual
characteristics (smell, touch, sound) of these elements and their application in
functional, aesthetic and environmental goals.
Principles of landscape design (harmony, balance, symmetry, contrast, etc.)
Surfacing, Enclosure, Vistas, Visual corridor.
MODULE II: Landscape Engineering
Site Studies and Site Planning - Introduction to grading, Landform modifications;
Earth form grading; Basic grading principles, Cut and fill processes, Retaining walls.
Surface drainage, vegetation and existing features, etc.

MODULE III: Landscape Construction

Circulation: Vehicular roads and Parking, Pedestrian paths, and plazas; Level
Change: Wall, steps, and ramps.
Planting: Planters, beds, edges, and terraces.
Water elements: Pool types and water bodies.
Green Practices, energy efficient site planning
MODULE IV: Study of Plant Materials
Trees, shrubs, ground cover, climbers, Indoor plants.
Plant selection criteria - Functional, visual, ecological, and microclimatic aspects.
The role of plant material in environmental improvement (e.g., soil conservation,
modification of microclimate). Planting for shelter, windbreaks, and shelter belts.
MODULE V: Evolution of man’s relationship with nature
Changing perceptions of man’s relationship with nature till the early 19th century;
Ancient Heritage: Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, Rome; Western Civilization: Europe;
Italy, France, and England
The Middle east: The Persian tradition and its far-reaching influence on Eastern
Civilization of China and Japan.
Ancient and medieval period in India; Mughal and Rajput Landscapes; Colonial
landscape development in India (Lutyens Delhi).
Modern and contemporary landscape design.
Text books
1. Lynch, K. Site Planning, Cambridge: The MIT Press. 1962
2. Motloch, J. L. Introduction to Landscape Design, US: John Wiley and sons
Reference books
1. Bose, T.K. and Choudhary, K. Tropical Garden Plants in Colour. Horticulture
and Allied Publishers. 1991.
2. Dee, C. Form and Fabric in Landscape Architecture: A visual introduction,
UK: Spon Press.2001
3. Laurie, M. An Introduction to Landscape Architecture, NY: American Elsevier
Pub.Co Inc.1975
4. Simonds, J.O. Landscape Architecture: The Shaping of Man’s Natural
Environment, NY: McGraw Hill Book Co. Inc. 1961.
5. Simonds, J.O. Landscape Architecture: A manual of Site Planning and Design,
McGraw Hill, 1961.

COURSE CONTENTS AND LECTURE SCHEDULE

No. of
No.
Hours [48]
MODULE 1[ 10 hours]
Introduction to Landscape Architecture.
1.1 1
Landscape Architecture- definition, importance, need and
1.2 1
scope.
1.3 Role of landscape design in architecture. 1
 Landscape elements (Major and Minor Elements, Natural and
1.4 Manmade elements, Tangible, and Intangible elements, Soft 2
and Hard landscape elements).
Understanding the visual characteristics (color, form, texture). 1
1.5
Understanding the non-visual characteristics (smell, touch,
1.6 1
sound).
Application in functional, aesthetic and environmental goals
1.7 1
Principles of landscape design (harmony, balance, symmetry,
1.8 contrast, etc.) 1

Surfacing, Enclosure, Vistas, Visual corridor. 1

1.9
MODULE II [10 hours]
2.1 Site Studies and Site Planning 1

2.2 Introduction to grading. 1

2.3 Landform modifications 1

2.4 Earth form grading 1

2.5 Basic grading principles 2

2.6 Cut and fill processes 1

2.7 Retaining walls 1

2.8 Surface drainage 1

2.9 Vegetation and existing features, etc. 1

MODULE III [9 hours]
Circulation: Vehicular roads and Parking. 1
3.1
Pedestrian paths, and plazas 1
3.2
Level Change: Wall, steps, and ramps. 1
3.3

3.4 Planting: Planters, beds, edges, and terraces 1

3.5 Water elements: Pool types and water bodies 2

3.6 Green Practices - Case studies 2

3.7 Energy efficient site planning 1

MODULE IV [9 hours]
4.1 Trees, shrubs, ground cover, climbers, Indoor plants 1
4.2 Climbers, Indoor plants 1

4.3 Plant selection criteria - Functional 1

4.4 Plant selection criteria- visual, ecological 1

4.5 Plant selection criteria - microclimatic aspects. 1
The role of plant material in environmental improvement (e.g.,
4.6 2
soil conservation, modification of microclimate).
4.7 Planting for shelter, windbreaks, and shelter belts 2
MODULE V [10 hours]
Changing perceptions of man’s relationship with nature till the
5.1 1
early 19th century
5.2 Ancient Heritage: Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, Rome 1

5.3 Western Civilization: Europe; Italy, France, and England 1

5.4 Eastern Civilization: China and Japan. 1

5.5 Ancient and medieval period in India 1

5.6 Mughal and Rajput Landscapes 1

5.7 Colonial landscape development in India (Lutyens Delhi). 2

5.8 Modern and contemporary landscape design. 2

CO ASSESSMENT SAMPLE QUESTIONS

CO1 1. Distinguish between tangible and intangible elements of landscape
architecture. (Understanding)
2. Discuss with the help of neat sketches the factors influencing visual
characteristics of a landscape. (Evaluate)
CO2 1. Briefly discuss the principles of site grading. (Understanding)
2. Explain how grading can enhance the aesthetic appeal of a landscape.
Provide examples of applications for mounds, berms and swales in a
landscape design. (Application)
CO3 1. Explain the importance of retaining walls in landscape engineering.
(Analysis)
2. Water is an important landscape element. Elaborate using pool types,
its visual and nonvisual characteristics. (Evaluate)
CO4 1. Write a short note on ancient Egyptian gardens. (Remembering)
2. Elucidate the colonial landscape development in India, with a specific
emphasis on Lutyens Delhi, taking into account its historical context
and significance? (Analysis)
 Year of
BUILDING MATERIALS AND L T P S C
23ARB404 Introduction
CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES - IV 1 0 2 3 3 2023
Preamble:
The course
● Introduces the study of building materials, their applications and construction
methods.
● Familiarize the students with market study of building components and details.
● Enables students to understand conventional as well as vernacular and
traditional building materials and practices.
● Enables students to understand prevailing BIS specifications
Prerequisite: Nil
Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able to:
CO 1 Discuss the properties, types, uses and construction aspects of wood
substitutes in the building industry.
CO 2 Illustrate the design principles and construction techniques of different
types of wall systems in steel, masonry concrete and glass through site
visits, practical exercises, and drawings.
CO 3 Illustrate the basic load bearing concepts and construction techniques of
different types of floor systems in steel, and concrete with the help of site
visits, practical exercises, and drawings.
CO 4 Discuss the basic load bearing concepts and construction techniques of
different types of roof systems in steel, and wood with the help of site visits,
practical exercises, and drawings.
CO - PO MAPPING
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO 1  
CO 2     
CO 3     
CO 4      
Assessment Pattern
Continuous Assessment Tools
End Semester
Bloom’s Category Test 1 Portfolio Other Examination
tools
Remember    
Understand    
Apply    
Analyse
Evaluate
Create
Mark Distribution of CIA

Course Structure Theory [L- T] Total

Attendance
[L-T-P] Assignment Test-1 Portfolio Marks
5 30 7.5 7.5 50
 Total Mark distribution

Total Marks CIA (Marks) ESE (Marks) ESE Duration

100 50 50 3 hours

End Semester Examination [ESE]: Pattern

There will be three parts; Part A, B and C. Part A (15 marks) will contain 6 questions
with at least one question from each module, having 2.5 marks for each question.
Students should answer all the questions.

Part B (15 marks) will contain 4 questions with 2 questions from each theory- based
modules, of which the student should answer any one from each module. Each
question carries 7.5 marks.

Part C (20 marks) will have two drawing questions (may have sub questions), from the
two drawing-based modules, of which the student should answer any one. The
question carries 20 marks.

PATTERN PART A PART B PART C ESE Marks

Total 4 Questions; Total 2 Questions,
6 Questions, each 2 Questions from
question carries 1 Question from
each theory-based
2.5 marks each drawing-
module, answer
any one from each based module,
module, and each answer any one, 50
carries 7.5 marks. and each carries
PATTERN Marks: (6x2.5 =15 20 marks.
1 marks) Marks: (2x7.5 =
15 marks) Marks: (1x20 = 20
marks.

Total Marks: 15 Total Marks: 15 Total Marks: 20

SYLLABUS
MODULE I: Wood Substitutes.
Industrial products as substitutes for natural hardwood. Characteristics, physical
properties, areas of application.
Study of available forms and sizes of Veneers and veneer plywood, particle board,
hard board, fiberboard, block board, lamina-boards, glulam, laminates, cement
particle board, e-board, bamboo ply, etc.
Site visit: Industries of Wood substitutes
Exercise: Market survey of wood substitutes
MODULE II: Wall systems.
Structural frames, bearing walls and metal stud walls.
Concrete columns, concrete walls, precast concrete walls panels and columns, tilt-
up construction. Masonry walls unreinforced and reinforced, solid walls and cavity
walls, masonry columns and pilasters, lintels and sunshades, IS Codes
Structural steel framing, steel columns, light gauge steel studs, balloon framing.
Glass block walling system.
Discussion: Aspect ratio and stability of walls
Drawings: Precast concrete walls and connections, lintels and sunshades,
Structural steel framing.
Site Visit
MODULE III: Floor systems
Concrete and Steel
Concrete: One-way slab, One-way joist slab, Two-way slab, Two-way slab and Beam,
Precast construction, Alternative technology.
Steel: One-way beam system, Two-way beam system, Triple beam system, Moment
connections, Shear connections, Semi rigid connections, Open- web steel joists,
Metal decking, Light-gauge steel joists.
Discussion: Basic load bearing concepts of floor systems.
Exercise: Site visits to study shuttering and placement of reinforcement for concrete
floors and beams.
Drawings: Reinforcement details of one-way slab and two-way slab with beams.
Open web steel joist framing.
Metal decking.
Site Visit
MODULE IV: Roof Systems.
Introduction to roof systems of buildings. Flat roof, Sloping roof and Curved roof.
Deciding the slope or curvature of the roof.
Wooden rafter framing: Roof terminology. Different types of rafter framing and their
construction details.
Wood trusses. Construction details of joints and connections of members.
Construction details of traditional wood roofs of Kerala.
Structural Steel roof framing: Steel rigid frames, Different types of Steel trusses and
their construction details.
Construction details of joints and connections of members.
Introduction to Space frames and Composite roof systems
Discussion: Planning a good roof system. Use roof systems to cater certain functional
 needs including environmental control.
Exercise: Documentation of traditional roof systems of Kerala.
Sketches: Steel and Composite roof systems
Site Visit
Text books
1. Arthur Lyons, ‘Materials for Architects and Builders’, Elsevier Butterworth-
Heinemann, 2004.
2. Francis DK Ching, ‘Building Construction Illustrated’ (4th edition), Wiley-
India, New Delhi, 2012.
3. Harry Parker, ‘Materials and Methods of Architectural Construction’, John
Wiley & Sons Canada, 1958.
4. H Leslie Simmons, ‘Construction – Principles, Material & Methods’, 7th
edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 2001.
5. P C Varghese, ‘Building Materials’, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi,
2010.
Reference books
1. RC Smith & TL Honkala, ‘Principles and Practices of Light Construction’,
Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliff, NJ 07632, 1986.
2. Relevant BIS codes.
3. R Barry, ‘The Construction of Buildings (Vol. I-II)’, 6th edition, Affiliated
East-West Press Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1996.
4. Rosen Harold J, Construction Materials for Architecture, Krieger Pub Co,
1992.
5. B McKay, ‘Building Construction’, Orient Longman 21, London, 1938-44.
COURSE CONTENTS AND LECTURE SCHEDULE
No. of
No.
Hours [36]
MODULE 1 [9 hours]

1.1 Wood Substitutes - Industrial products as substitutes for natural 1

hardwood
1.2 Characteristics, physical properties of Wood Substitutes 1

1.3 Areas of application of Wood Substitutes 1

1.4 Study of available forms and sizes of Veneers 1

1.5 Veneer plywood, particle board, hard board, 1

1.6 Fiberboard, block board, lamina-boards, glulam, laminates, 1

1.7 Cement particle board, 1

1.8 E-board, bamboo ply, etc. 1

1.9 Site visit: Industries of Wood substitutes 1

1.10 Exercise: Market survey of wood substitutes 1

MODULE II [9 hours]
Wall systems.
2.1 1
Structural frames, bearing walls and metal stud walls.
Concrete columns, concrete walls, precast concrete walls panels
2.2 1
and columns, tilt-up construction.
Masonry walls unreinforced and reinforced, solid walls and cavity
2.3 1
walls, masonry columns and pilasters, lintels and sunshades,
IS Codes Structural steel framing, steel columns, light gauge steel
2.4 1
studs, balloon framing.

2.5 Glass block walling system. 1

Discussion: Aspect ratio and stability of walls

2.6 2
Drawings: Precast concrete walls and connections.

2.7 Drawings: RCC lintels and sunshades, Structural steel framing. 2

MODULE III [9 hours]

Floor systems
3.1 1
Concrete and Steel
Concrete: One-way slab, One-way joist slab, Two-way slab, Two-
3.2 1
way slab and Beam
Precast construction, Alternative technology. Steel: One-way beam
3.3 1
system, Two-way beam system, Triple beam system,

3.4 Moment connections, Shear connections, Semi rigid connections 1

3.5 Open- web steel joists, Metal decking, Light-gauge steel joists 1

Exercise: Site visits to study shuttering and placement of

reinforcement for concrete floors and beams.
3.6 2
Drawings: Reinforcement details of one-way slab and two-way slab
with beams.
Discussion: Basic load bearing concepts of floor systems.
3.7 Open web steel joist framing. Metal decking. 2
Site Visit
MODULE IV [8 hours]
Roof Systems - Introduction to roof systems of buildings. Flat roof,
4.1 Sloping roof and Curved roof. Deciding the slope or curvature of 1
the roof.
 Wooden rafter framing: Roof terminology. Different types of rafter
4.2 1
framing and their construction details. Wood trusses.
Construction details of joints and connections of members.
4.3 1
Construction details of traditional wood roofs of Kerala.
Structural Steel roof framing: Steel rigid frames, Different types of
Steel trusses and their construction details. Construction details
4.4 1
of joints and connections of members.
Introduction to Space frames and Composite roof systems
Exercise: Documentation of traditional roof systems of Kerala.
4.5 2
Sketches: Steel and Composite roof systems
Discussion: Planning a good roof system. Use roof systems to cater
4.6 certain functional needs including environmental control. 2
Site Visit

CO ASSESSMENT SAMPLE QUESTIONS

PART A

1 Write a short note on cement particle board.

2 Explain unreinforced masonry walls

3 Explain traditional floor systems.

4 Write a short note on RCC floor

5 What are the key aspects of wood joist framing?

6 Write a brief overview of space frames.

PART B
(a) Describe in detail any 5 types of wood substitutes, their properties and
CO1
application in building construction.
(b) Describe in detail the available forms and sizes of veneers and veneer
plywood.

CO4 (a) Explain in detail the different types of steel trusses and their
construction details of joints and connections of members.
(b) Describe the different types of roof systems used in building
construction, its properties and use.
PART C
(a) Draw the construction details of Open web steel joist framing and label
CO2
all parts.
(b) Draw the construction details of one way slab and label all the parts
CO3
and write specifications.
 Year of
L T P S C
23ARC405 CLIMATE AND BUILT FORM – II Introduction
2 0 1 0 3 2023
Preamble:
The course introduces the students to climate responsive architecture and enable
them to apply climate responsive design strategies in the design of built
environment. Students will learn the process of building design for climatic context
involving solar geometry, natural ventilation and daylighting. Energy efficiency and
energy use in building with a brief introduction to energy modelling is introduced
through the course.
Prerequisite: Nil
Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able to
CO 1 Analyse solar geometry and understand thermal comfort to apply in climate
responsive design solutions for a location
CO 2 Experiment with the factors affecting ventilation and daylighting
CO 3 Analyze the climate responsive design strategies used in the existing buildings
of tropical climates
CO 4 Summarize the need for energy efficiency and apply energy simulation in
architecture
CO - PO MAPPING
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1   
CO2   
CO3  
CO4  

Assessment Pattern
Continuous Assessment Tools End Semester
Bloom’s Category
Test1 Test 2 Other tools Examination
Remember   
Understand    
Apply    
Analyse 
Evaluate 
Create 

Mark Distribution of CIA

Theory [L- T]
Total
Course Structure Assign
Attendance Test-1 Test-2 Marks
[L-T-P] ment
4 12 12 12 40
 Total Mark distribution

Total Marks CIA (Marks) ESE (Marks) ESE Duration

100 40 60 3 hours
End Semester Examination [ESE]: Pattern
PATTERN PART A PART B ESE Marks
5 Questions with one 10 questions with 2
question from each questions from each
module, and 4 marks for module, of which the
student should answer any
PATTERN each question. one from each module.
1 Answer all questions in One or two questions can 60
Part A. have sub divisions.

Each question carries 8

marks.
Marks: (5x4 =20 marks)
Marks: (5x8 = 40 marks)

Total Marks: 20 Total Marks: 5 X 8 = 40

marks
SYLLABUS
MODULE I: Sun and design process
Solar geometry – sun path at different latitudes, Solar angles – altitude and azimuth
angles, Solar chart
Designing for the sun – orientation, planning of the rooms; Shading – types of shading
devices, Shadow angles and design process of shading devices
MODULE II: Heat transfer in buildings
Thermal balance of the human body – regulatory mechanisms and subjective
variables; Thermal comfort – factors affecting thermal comfort, Thermal comfort
indices – effective temperature, corrected effective temperature, bioclimatic chart,
Fanger’s model of thermal comfort, ISO evaluation methods, Adaptive comfort
model.
Exercises (Lab):
1. Calculation of ET and CET
2. Evaluation of thermal comfort using architectural evaluation System
MODULE III: Ventilation, air movement and Daylighting
Ventilation and air movement, Functions of ventilation
Wind and ventilation – factors affecting ventilation, Stack effect and ventilation,
Induced ventilation – sun induced and wind induced ventilation
Exercises (Lab): 1. Measurement of wind velocity and wind direction – study on the
factors affecting ventilation in indoor spaces
Daylighting, Photometric quantities, Components of daylight entering a building,
Daylight factor and design sky concepts, Daylighting in tropical climates – warm
humid and hot dry climates
Exercises (Lab): 1. Measurement of indoor illumination – study on the effects of
opening positions and sizes, effects of shading devices
MODULE IV: Application of climate responsive design - examples
Climate response in vernacular buildings – examples from tropical climates.
Climate response in the vernacular architecture of Kerala.
Case studies of climate responsive modern buildings from tropical climates
Climate responsive design in tropical climates
MODULE V: Energy efficiency and Modeling
Energy efficiency and Climate responsive design
Introduction to ECBC. Energy use in buildings –Concept of embodied energy,
Operational energy, Introduction to Life cycle energy.
Material selection criteria.
Introduction to energy modeling, Advantages.
Brief introduction to commonly used energy modelling software.
Text books
1. Koenisberger O. H., Ingersoll T. G., Mayhew A., Szokolay S. V., Manual of
Tropical Housing and Building, Orient Blackswan, 1975.
Reference books
1. Givoni B., Man, Climate and Architecture, Elsevier Publishing Company
Limited, 1969.
2. Olgyay V., Design with Climate, Princeton University Press, 2015.
3. Krishan A., et al., Climate Responsive Architecture: A Design Handbook for
Energy Efficient Buildings, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2001.
4. Baker N., Steemers K,. Daylight Design of Buildings: A Handbook for Architects
and Engineers, Routledge, 2014.
COURSE CONTENTS AND LECTURE SCHEDULE
No. of
No.
Hours [36]
MODULE 1 [6 hours]
1.1 Solar geometry – sun path at different latitudes 1

1.2 Solar angles – altitude and azimuth angles 1

1.3 Solar chart 1

1.4 Designing for the sun – orientation, planning of the rooms 1

1.5 Shading – types of shading devices 1
1.6 Shadow angles and design process of shading devices 1

MODULE II [7 hours]

2.1 Thermal balance of human body 1

2.2 Thermal comfort and factors 1

2.3 Sol air temperature and solar gain factor 1

Exercises (Lab): 1. Calculation of ET and CET
2.4 2. Evaluation of thermal comfort using architectural evaluation
4
System
MODULE III [9 hours]
Ventilation and air movement, Wind and ventilation – factors
3.1
affecting ventilation 1
Stack effect and ventilation, Induced ventilation – sun induced
3.2 1
and wind induced ventilation
Exercises (Lab): Measurement of wind velocity and wind
3.3 direction – study on the factors affecting ventilation in indoor
2
spaces
Photometric quantities, Components of daylight entering a
3.4 1
building
Daylight factor and design sky concepts; Daylighting in tropical
3.5 1
climates – warm humid and hot dry climates
Exercises (Lab): Measurement of indoor illumination – study
3.6 on the effects of opening positions and sizes, effects of shading 3
devices
MODULE IV [8 hours]
Climate response in vernacular buildings – examples from
4.1 2
tropical climates.
4.2 Climate response in the vernacular architecture of Kerala. 2
Case studies of climate responsive modern buildings from
4.3 2
tropical climates
4.4 Climate responsive design in tropical climate 2
MODULE V [6 hours]

5.1 Energy efficiency and Climate responsive design 1

5.2 Introduction to ECBC. Energy use in buildings 1

5.3 Introduction to Life cycle energy. 1

5.4 Material selection criteria. 1

5.5 Introduction to energy modeling, Advantages. 1

5.6 Brief introduction to commonly used energy modelling software. 1

CO ASSESSMENT SAMPLE QUESTIONS

Evaluate azimuth angle and altitude angle from sun path diagrams of a
location.
1 Design shading devices based on the evaluated angles.
Suggest site planning and building design strategies based on the solar
geometry.
Exercises (Lab):
1. Measurement of wind velocity and wind direction
2
2. Study the factors affecting ventilation in indoor spaces
3. Suggest design strategies for the studied conditions
Case studies of vernacular and modern buildings in tropical regions, and
specifically in Kerala.
3
Analyze and summarise climate response strategies adopted in these
buildings.
Perform energy analysis of a small project and analyze.
4
Suggest suitable energy efficient measures.
 Year of
L T P S C
23ACC406 THEORY OF STRUCTURES - IV Introduction
2 1 0 2 3 2023
Preamble:
The course provides fundamental concepts of reinforced concrete and its design. It
enables the students to design and detail reinforced concrete structural elements
such as beam, slab, column, and footing. The course also trains the students to use
the code of practice for reinforced concrete design, IS 456: 2000.
Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able to:
CO 1 Comprehend the design philosophy of the Limit state method. [Understand]
CO 2 Recall the structural behavior of elements subjected to flexure and
compression. [Remember]
CO 3 Analyze the reinforced concrete elements such as beam, slab, column and
footing subjected to dead and live loads to determine BM, SF, AF, and
deflection. [Analyze]
CO 4 Applying the principles of limit state method to design the reinforced concrete
elements such as beam, slab, column and footing subjected to dead and live
loads following IS 456 and SP 16. [Apply]
CO 5 Preparation of structural drawings of the designed reinforced concrete
elements such as beam, slab, column and footing following SP 34. [Apply]
CO - PO MAPPING
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1  
CO2  
CO3  
CO4   
CO5    
Assessment Pattern
Continuous Assessment Tools
End Semester
Bloom’s Category Other
Test 1 Test 2 Examination
tools
Remember    
Understand    
Apply    
Analyze    
Evaluate
Create
Mark Distribution of CIA

Theory [L- T]
Course Structure Total
Attendance
[L-T-P] Assign Test-1 Test-2 Marks

4 12 12 12 40
 Total Mark distribution

Total Marks CIA (Marks) ESE (Marks) ESE Duration

100 40 60 3 Hours
End Semester Examination [ESE]: Pattern

PATTERN PART A PART B ESE Marks

Part A shall have a total of Part B shall have a total of
5 questions, 1 question 10 questions; 2 questions
from each module. Each will be given from each
PATTERN 1 question carries 4 marks. module, out of which 1
question should be
Marks: (4x5 =20 marks) answered. Each question 60
can have a maximum of 2
subdivisions. Each
question carries 8 marks.

Marks: (5x8 = 40 marks)

Total Marks: 20 Total Marks: 40

SYLLABUS
MODULE I (Introduction to Limit State Method and Design of Singly
Reinforced Beams)
Introduction - Plain and reinforced cement concrete - Design loads and load
combinations - Design philosophy of Limit state method - Limit state of collapse and
Limit state of serviceability - Analysis and design of singly reinforced beams by limit
state method, check for deflection and detailing.
MODULE II (Design of Doubly Reinforced and Flanged Beams)
Analysis and Design of Doubly reinforced beams by limit state method, check for
deflection and detailing; Concept of T - beams and L - beams (Concept only).
MODULE III (Design of Slabs)
Slabs - Classification - Load distribution and structural action of one way and two
way slabs; Design and detailing of One Way slab; Design and detailing of two way
slab with corners free to lift up and corners held down condition
MODULE IV (Design of Columns)
Columns - Classification - Effective length - Limit state of collapse - Compression
Design and detailing of short columns subjected to axial loads - Column interaction
curves; Design and detailing of short columns subjected to combined axial load and
uniaxial bending [Using SP 16 Charts].
 MODULE V (Design of Footings and Staircase)
Footings - Types of footings; Design and detailing of isolated footings - Square and
Rectangular shapes only - Subjected to Axial compressive loads alone;
Staircase - Structural action of stairs spanning longitudinally and transversely
(Concept only)
Text books
1. Unnikrishnan Pillai and Devadas Menon, Reinforced Concrete Design, Tata
McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., New Delhi, 1999.
2. M. L. Gambhir, Fundamentals of reinforced concrete design, Prentice Hall India
Learning Private Limited, 2006.
3. M. L. Gambhir, Design of reinforced concrete structures, Prentice Hall India
Learning Private Limited, 2008.
Reference books
1. R. Park and T. Paulay, Reinforced concrete structures, Wiely, 1975.
2. P. C. Varghese, Limit state design of reinforced concrete, Prentice Hall India
Learning Private Limited, 2008.
3. S.N. Sinha, Reinforced Concrete Design – Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co.
Ltd., New Delhi, 1998.
4. P.Dayaratnam, Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures, Oxford and IBH
Publishing Co., 1983.
5. C. Sinha and S.K. Roy, Fundamentals of Reinforced Concrete, S.Chand& Co.,
New Delhi, 1983.
6. B.C. Punmia, Reinforced Concrete Structures, Vol, 1 & 2 Laxmi publications,
Delhi, 1994.
COURSE CONTENTS AND LECTURE SCHEDULE
No. of
No.
Hours(36)
MODULE 1 (8 Hours)
1.1 Introduction - Plain and reinforced cement concrete 1
1.2 Design loads and load combinations 1
Design philosophy of Limit state method - Limit state of
1.3 1
collapse and Limit state of serviceability
1.4 Analysis of singly reinforced beams 1
1.5 Design of singly reinforced beams - basic rules for design 1

1.6 Design example, check for deflection and detailing 3

MODULE II (7 Hours)
2.1 Analysis of Doubly reinforced beams 1

2.2 Design of Doubly reinforced beams - design rules 2

 Design examples of Doubly reinforced beams by limit state
2.3 2
method
2.4 Check for deflection and detailing 1
2.5 Concept of T - beams and L - beams (Concept only) 1
MODULE III (7 Hours)
Slabs - Classification - Load distribution and structural action
3.1 1
of one way and two way slabs
3.2 Design and detailing of One Way slab 2

3.3 Design and detailing of two way slab with corners free to lift up 2

3.4 Design and detailing of two way slab with held down condition 2
MODULE IV (8 Hours)
Columns - Classification - Effective length - Limit state of collapse
4.1 1
- Compression
4.2 Design rules for short column subjected to axial loads 1
Design and detailing of short column subjected to axial loads -
4.3 2
numerical examples
4.4 Column interaction curves 1
Design rules for short columns subjected to combined axial load
4.5 1
and uniaxial bending [ Using SP 16 Charts]
Design and detailing of short columns subjected to combined
4.6 axial load and uniaxial bending [ Using SP 16 Charts] - numerical 2
examples
MODULE V (6 Hours)

5.1 Footings - Types of footings 1

Design principles of isolated footings – Square and Rectangular
5.2 2
shapes only - Subjected to Axial compressive loads alone
Design and detailing of isolated footings - Square and
5.3 Rectangular shapes only subjected to Axial compressive loads 2
alone - numerical problems
Staircase - Structural action of stairs spanning longitudinally and
5.4 1
transversely (Concept only)
CO ASSESSMENT SAMPLE QUESTIONS
1. Explain the term limit state design.
CO1 2. Enumerate the five limit states commonly used in limit state design.
3. Explain the term factored load and characteristic load.
1. What are different types of shear reinforcement in beam?
CO2 2. What are the purposes of lateral ties in a column?
3. Explain the terms balanced, over reinforced and under reinforced
 sections.
4. What is meant by equivalent length of a column?
1. A rectangular beam 250mm wide and effective depth 450mm has 4
bars of 20mm diameter. Find the moment of resistance of the section
if M20 concrete and Fe 415 grade steel are used. As per IS 456:2000
CO3 find the limiting moment of resistance also.
2. A square column 300mm x 300 is reinforced with 8 bars of 16mm
diameter. Assuming M25 concrete and Fe 415 steel, determine the
safe axial load carrying capacity of the column.
1. Design a one-way slab with 3.5 m clear span supported on 230 mm
thick walls on all four sides. The edges are simply supported. The live
load on the slab is 2kN/m2. Use M20 concrete and Fe 415 steel.
CO4 2. Design a short circular column of diameter 50cm and length 3m to
carry a factored load of 1200kN and a factored moment of 120kNm.
Use M20 concrete and Fe 415 grade steel. Design the lateral
reinforcement also.
1. Draw a typical detailing for a two way slab to show all the
reinforcement and mark all reinforcement with assumed values.
CO5 2. Draw a typical detailing for a square footing subjected to axial
compressive load to show all the reinforcement and mark all
reinforcement with assumed values.
 BUILDING SERVICES-II Year of
L T P S C
23AEC407 (ELECTRICAL, LIGHTING & Introduction
ILLUMINATION) 2 1 0 3 3 2023
Preamble:
This course is designed to give an insight for architecture students in setting up
electrical systems in buildings. This course covers different wiring systems,
illumination systems, earthing systems and protection systems for various
installations.
Prerequisite: NIL
Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able to:
CO 1 Identify the standards of electric supply systems in buildings.
CO 2 Choose appropriate wiring systems, earthing systems and protection systems
for domestic dwellings.
CO 3 Design the electrical layout for any given building.
CO 4 Compare and contrast different illumination systems.
CO 5 Design the interior and exterior lighting systems for various installations.
CO - PO MAPPING
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO 1    
CO 2   
CO 3     
CO 4  
CO 5     
Assessment Pattern
Continuous Assessment Tools End Semester
Bloom’s Category
Test1 Test 2 Other tools Examination
Remember    
Understand    
Apply    
Analyse 
Evaluate 
Create 
Mark Distribution of CIA

Attendance Theory [L- T]

Course Structure Assignment Test- Test-2 Total
[L-T-P] Marks
1
4 12 12 12 40
 Total Mark distribution

Total Marks CIA (Marks) ESE (Marks) ESE Duration

100 40 60 3hrs
End Semester Examination [ESE]: Pattern

PATTERN PART A PART B ESE Marks

Part A shall have a Part B shall have a total of 10
total of 5 questions, 1 questions; 2 questions will be
question from each given from each module, out
PATTERN 1 module. Each of which 1 question should
question carries 4 be answered. Each question
marks. can have a maximum of 2 60
subdivisions. Each question
Marks: (4x5 =20 carries 8 marks.
marks)
Marks: (5x8 = 40 marks)

Total Marks: 20 Total Marks: 40

SYLLABUS
MODULE I: Basics of Electrical systems
Introduction to electrical services, General awareness of IS codes- Introduction of IS
732, IS 5216, IS 2309 -Classification of voltages, standards and specification, Single
and three phase supply basics, Supply and distribution of electricity to buildings-
Transformer basics, Substations-Types, Symbols used in electrical wiring drawing
layouts.

MODULE II: Electrical installations in buildings

Main and distribution boards -Diagram Electric meter-basics, Panel board, MCB,
RCCB, MCCB working, uses, fuses-basics and types, Earthing for safety – Types-
Pipe earthing, plate earthing, ISI specifications, Lightning protections.

MODULE III: Electrical wiring design

Introduction to Indian electricity rules. Electrical wiring design- Electrical wiring
system in domestic and light commercial buildings- Conduits, types of wiring, UG
cables-basics, Accessories (Switches and Outlets, switch boards), Basic household
wiring components (eg: Ceiling rose) Electrical load calculations Exercise in load
calculation. (Numerical based on problems up to sub circuit calculation only for
exams)

MODULE IV: Illumination and lighting

Commonly used terms in illumination. Laws of illumination, Measurement of
luminous flux and lux meter – Working. Lighting systems for building - Natural/
Artificial Direct/Indirect - General/Local Light sources (Incandescent, Fluorescent,
HID, HPS and LPS, LED-Comparison) and Luminaries - Day lighting and day lighting
factor.
Energy efficient lighting, Alternative sources of lighting, Basic idea of solar panels
and its installation, Scope of ECBC-Lighting and controls, Electrical and renewable
energy systems, Introduction to GRIHA- Criterion related to Energy efficiency and
Renewable Energy utilization.

MODULE V: Lighting design and calculation

Lighting design and calculation Local/general lighting calculation-Lumen method
Criteria and standards for different purpose/activity illumination-Residence, Office,
Institution, Hospital and commercial display lighting. Outdoor lighting– Street
Lighting –(Arrangement, Types), flood lighting(Sports stadia) Swimming pool lighting
and underwater luminaries.

Text books
● M K Giridharan, Electrical Systems Design Data Hand book, M/s I K
International Publishers, New Delhi, 2011 (Data book approved for use in
examination)
● Raina & Bhattacharya, Electrical Wiring, Design and Estimation, New Age
International Publishers, 1991

Reference books
● Aly.S. Dadras, Electrical systems for Architects, McGraw-Hill Inc.,US, 1995
● H.Cotton, Electrical Technology, Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, Ltd, 1922
● L.Uppal, Electrical wiring, Estimating and Costing, Khanna Publishers, 1987
COURSE CONTENTS AND LECTURE SCHEDULE
No. of Hours
No.
(36)
MODULE 1 (6 hours)
Introduction to electrical services, General awareness of IS
1.1 1
codes-
Introduction of IS 732, IS 5216, IS 2309 -Classification of
1.2 1
voltages, standards and specification.
Single and three phase supply basics, Supply and
1.3 2
distribution of electricity to buildings.
1.4 Transformer basics, Substations-Types. 1

1.5 Symbols used in electrical wiring drawing layouts 1

MODULE II (8 hours)

2.1 Main and distribution boards 1

2.2 Diagram Electric meter-basics, 2

2.3 Panel board, MCB 1

2.4 RCCB, MCCB working, uses. 1

2.5 Fuses-basics and types, 1

2.6 Earthing for safety – Types-Pipe earthing, plate earthing, 1

2.7 ISI specifications, Lightning protections 1

MODULE III (8 hours)

3.1 Introduction to Indian electricity rules. 1

Electrical wiring design- Electrical wiring system in

3.2 2
domestic and light commercial buildings-

3.3 Types of wiring, UG cables-basics. 1

Accessories (Switches and Outlets, switch boards), Basic

3.4 1
household wiring components (eg: Ceiling rose)

3.5 Electrical load calculations 1

3.6 Exercise in load calculation. (Numerical problems) 1

3.7 Exercise in load calculation. (Numerical problems) 1

MODULE IV (8 hours)
Commonly used terms in illumination. Laws of
4.1 1
illumination,
4.2 Measurement of luminous flux and lux meter – Working 1
Lighting systems for building Natural/ Artificial
4.3 1
Direct/Indirect General/Local
Light sources (Incandescent, Fluorescent, HID, HPS and
4.4 1
LPS,LED-Comparison) and Luminaries
Day lighting and daylighting factor.
4.5 1
Energy efficient lighting, Alternative sources of lighting.

4.6 Basic idea of solar panels and its installation. 1

Scope of ECBC-Lighting and controls, Electrical and

4.7 1
renewable energy system.
 Introduction to GRIHA- Criterion related to Energy
4.8 1
efficiency and Renewable Energy utilization
MODULE V (6 hours)
Lighting design and calculation Local/general lighting
5.1 1
calculation
5.2 Lumen method 1
Criteria and standards for different purpose/activity
5.3 1
illumination-Residence, Office, Institution
5.3 Hospital and commercial display lighting. 1
Outdoor lighting– Street Lighting –(Arrangement, Types),
5.4 flood 1
lighting (Sports stadia)
5.5 Swimming pool lighting and underwater luminaries. 1

CO ASSESSMENT SAMPLE QUESTIONS

1 What is IS 732? Explain its significance.
Why is earthing important for any building? Explain in detail the various
2
methods of earthing.
Discuss the steps involved in the electrical wiring design in buildings.
A residential building has 3 bedrooms, 1 drawing room, 1 kitchen, 3
bathroom and 1 sit out. Make your own assumption for number of electrical
3 points on each sub-circuit and answer the following
1. Draw the layout of the building with electrical symbols
2. Calculate the connected load
3. Calculate the number of sub-circuits required

What are the special features to be considered in lighting for physically

4 handicapped and elderly people? Compare HID lamp and incandescent
lamp.
A shop 16m x 10m is illuminated with 200W incandescent lamps. If a CU of
0.8 and an MF of 0.75 are selected, and illumination of 260 lux is required
5
at the workplace, Calculate the number of luminaires required. Take the
mounting height as 2m.
 Year of
L T P S C
23ARK408 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS II Introduction
0 0 2 0 0 2023
Preamble:
To enable the students to prepare and use parametric CAD drawings for
presentation, quantity estimation and analysis during various stages of design
development.
Prerequisite: 23ARK201 Computer Studio and Digital Art.
Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able to
CO 1 Create and edit a database for office management
CO 2 Create and Edit parametric CAD drawings
CO 3 Render and create walkthroughs of parametric CAD drawings
CO 4 Calculate quantity estimate from parametric drawings
CO 5 Analyze parametric drawings for energy, wind, thermal comfort, Acoustics etc.
CO - PO MAPPING
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO 1    
CO 2    
CO 3    
CO 4    
CO 5    
Assessment Pattern
Continuous Assessment Tools
End Semester
Bloom’s Category Test1 Test 2 Other Examination
tools
Remember 
Understand   
Apply   
Analyse 
Evaluate 
Create 
Mark Distribution of CIA
Practical [L- T]
Course Total
Structure Assignme Lab Test 2 Marks
Attendance Lab Test1
[L-T-P] nt /Portfolio
10 60 15 15 100
Total Mark distribution
Total Marks CIA (Marks) ESE (Marks) ESE Duration
100 100 - -
 SYLLABUS

MODULE I
Data-base management: Information filing and profiling, Technical Record-keeping,
and document transmission.
MODULE II
Building Information Modeling (BIM) – Introduction
Use of BIM software to create 3D models of buildings and generate 2D drawings and
documentation.
BIM workflow, parametric modeling, visualization, and simulation.
MODULE III
BIM – Rendering and Animation
Create realistic and expressive images and videos from BIM models using various
software tools. Lighting, materials, textures, cameras, effects, post-processing,
keyframes, curves, transitions, and sound.
MODULE IV
BIM – Project management, generate schedules and cost estimates.
Data management, clash detection, coordination, communication, collaboration, and
problem-solving using BIM tools and techniques.
MODULE V
Software for simulations studies -
Use of various software applications to analyze the performance of buildings and
urban environments in terms of energy efficiency, thermal comfort, daylighting,
earthquake, ventilation, acoustics, and wind effects.
Reference books
1. Foulkes, L. (2020). Learn Microsoft Office 2019: A Comprehensive Guide to
Getting Started with Word,PowerPoint, Excel, Access, and Outlook. Packt
Publishing Ltd.
2. Wing, E. (2016). Autodesk Revit 2017 for Architecture: No Experience Required.
John Wiley & Sons.
3. Vandezande, J., Krygiel, E., & Read, P. (2013). Mastering Autodesk Revit
Architecture 2014: Autodesk Official Press. John Wiley & Sons.
4. Stine, D. J. (2021). Interior Design Using Autodesk Revit 2022. Sdc
Publications.
5. MacKenzie, S. H., & Rendek, A. (2015). ArchiCAD 19–The Definitive Guide.
Packt Publishing Ltd.
6. Anderson, K. (2014). Design energy simulation for architects: Guide to 3D
graphics. Routledge.
7. Hemsath, T. L., & Bandhosseini, K. A. (2017). Energy modeling in architectural
design. Routledge.
8. Oliveira, S., Marco, E., & Gething, B. (2020). Energy modelling in architecture:
A practice guide. RIBA Publishing.
9. Garg, V., Mathur, J., & Bhatia, A. (2020). Building Energy Simulation: A
Workbook Using Designbuilder™. CRC Press.
 10. Baker, N. V., Fanchiotti, A., & Steemers, K. (2013). Daylighting in architecture:
A European reference book. Routledge.
COURSE CONTENTS AND LECTURE SCHEDULE
No. of Hours
No.
[28 hours]
MODULE I [4 hours]
1.1 Data-base management: Information filing and profiling. 2

1.2 Technical Record-keeping, and document transmission. 2

MODULE II [6 hours]
2.1 Building Information Modeling (BIM) - Introduction 2

Use of BIM software to create 3D models of buildings and

2.2 2
generate 2D drawings and documentation.
BIM workflow, parametric modeling, visualization, and
2.3 2
simulation.
MODULE III [6 hours]
3.1 BIM – Rendering and Animation 2
Create realistic and expressive images and videos from BIM
models using various software tools. Lighting, materials,
3.2
textures, cameras, effects, post processing, key frames, curves, 2
transitions, and sound.
Effects: Lighting, materials, textures, cameras, effects, post
3.3 2
processing, key frames, curves, transitions, and sound.
MODULE IV [4 hours]
BIM – Project management, generate schedules and cost
4.1
estimates. 2
Data management, clash detection, coordination,
4.2 communication, collaboration, and problem-solving using BIM 2
tools and techniques
MODULE V [4 hours]
Use of various software applications to analyze the performance
5.1 of buildings and urban environments in terms of energy
2
efficiency and thermal comfort.
Analyze the performance of buildings and urban environments
5.2 in terms of daylighting and earthquake. 1
Analyze the performance of buildings and urban environments
5.3 in terms of ventilation, acoustics, and wind effects. 1
 LESSON PLAN FOR LAB COMPONENT
No. Topic No. of Activity
Hours
MODULE I: Data-base management
1. Database Setup and Fundamentals
Data-base management: 2. Data Entry and Validation
Information filing and 2 3. Querying and Profiling
1.1 profiling. 4. Case Study and Review
1. Introduction to Technical Record-
Technical Record-keeping, keeping
and document 2 2. Hands-on Technical Documentation
1.2 transmission. 3. Document Transmission Techniques

MODULE II: Building Information Modeling (BIM)

Building Information 1. Overview of BIM
Modeling (BIM) - 1 2. BIM Software Familiarization
2.1 Introduction 3. Creating a Basic BIM Model
1. Step-by-Step 3D Model Creation
Use of BIM software to 2. Collaborative BIM Exercise
2.2 create 3D models of 2 3. Advanced 3D Modeling Techniques
buildings
1. Introduction to 2D Drawing in BIM
Generate 2D drawings and 2. BIM Software Tools for 2D
2.3 documentation using BIM 2 Documentation
software 3. Advanced 2D Documentation
Techniques
1. Introduction to BIM Workflow
BIM workflow, parametric
2. Parametric Modeling Basics
2.4 modeling, visualization, and 1
3. Visualization Techniques in BIM
simulation.
4. Simulation and Analysis in BIM
MODULE III: BIM – Rendering and Animation
1. Introduction to Rendering in BIM
BIM – Rendering and 2. BIM Rendering Techniques
3.1 2
Animation 3. Animating BIM Models

Create realistic and 1. Creating Realistic Images

expressive images and 2. Dynamic Visualization: Video
videos from BIM models Creation
3.2 2
using various software
tools. Lighting, materials,
textures, cameras,
1. Advanced Effects and Post
Effects, post processing, key Processing
3.3 frames, curves, transitions, 2 2. Sound Integration
and sound.
 MODULE IV: BIM tools and techniques
1. Introduction to BIM Project
BIM – Project management,
Management
4.1 generate schedules and cost 2
2. Creating Project Schedules
estimates.
3. Cost Estimation in BIM
Data management, clash 1. Introduction to Data Management in
detection, coordination, BIM
communication, 2. Clash Detection and Coordination
4.2 2
collaboration, and problem- 3. Communication and Collaboration in
solving using BIM tools and BIM
techniques 4. Problem-Solving Techniques
MODULE V: Software for simulations studies
Use of various software 1. Introduction to Building Performance
applications to analyze the Analysis
performance of buildings 2. Software Tools for Performance
5.1 2
and urban environments in Analysis
terms of energy efficiency 3. Energy Efficiency Analysis
and thermal comfort. 4. Thermal Comfort Simulation
Analyze the performance of 1. Daylight Simulation Exercise
buildings and urban 2. Software Tools for Seismic Analysis
5.2 environments in terms of 1 3. Seismic Analysis Exercise
daylighting and
earthquake.
Analyze the performance 1. Software Tools for Ventilation
of buildings and urban Analysis- exercises
5.3 environments in terms of 1 2. Software Tools for Acoustic Analysis
ventilation, acoustics, and 3. Software Tools for Wind Effects
wind effects. Analysis

CO ASSESSMENT SAMPLE QUESTIONS

1 Create and edit a database for office management
2 Create and Edit parametric CAD drawings
3 Render and create walkthroughs of parametric CAD drawings
4 Calculate quantity estimate from parametric drawings
5 Analyze parametric drawings for energy, wind, thermal comfort, Acoustics
etc.