Name _______________________________

Date _________________ Hour _______

4.1 → I can interpret a derivative as an instantaneous rate of change using proper units.
For questions 1) – 4), answer the question about the given situation. Interpret the derivative when necessary.
1) The population 𝑃, of Infinityville is recorded every 2) If 𝐶 = 𝑓(𝑇) gives the cost, in dollars, to mine 𝑇-
year to monitor growth of the community, in tons of limestone from a quarry, what is the
thousands of new residents, since 2015. Write the meaning of the statement 𝑓 ′ (5000) = 285?
statement for 𝑃′(𝑡) that represents the statement,
“The population increased by 1,500 residents
during 2019.”

3) The number of people infected with Covid-19 virus 4) The cost 𝐶, in dollars, to transcribe 𝑝 pages of a
has been reported to be declining in your local legal document for a law firm. What is the best
region. The function 𝑃 gives the total number of interpretation for the following statement?
people, in thousands, after 𝑡 days. What is the best 𝐶 ′ (138) = $5.25
interpretation for the following statement?
“The slope of the line tangent to the graph of 𝑃 at
𝑡 = 4 is equal to -0.75.”

5) Scott has taken an initial dose of an anti-inflammatory medication for his sprained ankle. The function 𝑀
gives the amount of the medication, in milligrams, in Scott’s bloodstream after 𝑡 hours. What is the best
interpretation for the following statements?
a) 𝑀′ (3) = −1.5 b) 𝑀−1 (14) = 3

4.1b → I can interpret derivatives as the velocity and acceleration of an object in rectilinear (straight line) motion.
6) A particle moves along a line so that its position at any time 𝑡 ≥ 0 is given by the function
1
𝑠(𝑡) = 3 𝑡 3 − 4𝑡 2 + 15𝑡 − 2, where 𝑠 is measured in meters and 𝑡 is measured in seconds.
a) Find the instantaneous velocity at any time 𝑡. b) When is the particle at rest?

c) Find the acceleration at any time 𝑡. d) What is the displacement of the particle for the
first 5 seconds?

𝜋 8) (calculator) Denise uploaded a funny video on her

7) (calculator) The function 𝐷(𝑡) = 15 − 2.8 cos ( 4 𝑡)
Toki Tiki platform. It is gaining views and likes
models the depth, in feet of water 𝑡 hours after 5
rapidly over time, and is represented by the
AM. Find the instantaneous rate of change of the
function 𝑉(𝑡) = 120𝑒 0.45𝑡 . What is the
depth of water at 8AM, using appropriate units.
instantaneous rate of change in the number of
views 4 days after the video was uploaded, using
correct units?
9) The graph of the velocity of an object moving along a) When does the object reverse direction?
a coordinate line, in meters per second, is shown Justify.
below.

b) When is the object moving at a constant speed?

c) What is the object’s maximum speed?

d) At what time interval(s) is the object speeding

up? Justify.

10) (Multiple Choice) The position function of an object moving along the 𝑥-axis is given by 𝑠(𝑡) = 𝑡 3 + 𝑡 2 − 8𝑡
for 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 10. For what values of 𝑡 is the particle moving to the right?

A) 𝑡 > 0
4
B) 𝑡 > 3
4
C) 0 < 𝑡 < 3
4
D) 𝑡 <
3
11) The data below is selected values for the velocity, in meters
per second, of an object moving along the 𝑥-axis. The velocity
𝑣 is a differentiable function of time 𝑡.

a) At 𝑡 = 0, explain which direction the particle b) On the interval 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 12 seconds, is there a

moves. time when the particle is at rest? Explain your
reasoning.

c) Use the table to find an approximation for 𝑣′(8) d) Find the average acceleration of the object for
and explain the meaning of 𝑣′(8) in terms of 9 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 12 seconds. Explain the meaning in
the motion of the object. terms of the velocity on that interval.

12) A particle moves along a horizontal line with its position function 𝑠(𝑡) for 𝑡 ≥ 0. Find the times 𝑡 when the
particle changes direction.
𝑠(𝑡) = −𝑡 3 + 16𝑡 2 − 64𝑡
 4.2 →I can create a tangent line approximation of a function at a given value and determine
whether the estimation is an overestimate or underestimate of the actual value.
13) Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 + 1.
a) Write the equation for the linear approximation of 𝑓 near 𝑥 = 3.

b) Use your equation from part (a) to c) Will your answer from part (b) result in an
approximate 𝑓(3.2). underestimate or an overestimate of the true
value? Explain how you know.

14) Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = cos 𝑥.

5𝜋
a) Write the equation for the linear approximation of 𝑓 near 𝑥 = 6 .

b) (Calculator) Use your equation from part (a) to c) Will your answer from part (b) result in an
approximate 𝑓(2.6). underestimate or an overestimate of the true
value? Explain how you know.

15) The function 𝑓 is twice differentiable with 16) Find the local linear approximation of
𝑓(3) = 2, 𝑓 ′ (3) = 4, and 𝑓 ′′ (3) = −1. What is the 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 + 3 at the point where 𝑥 = 2.
value of the approximation of 𝑓(2.9) using the line Then, use your approximation to find 𝑓(1.99).
tangent to the graph of 𝑓 at 𝑥 = 3?

4.2 → I can use linear approximations to estimate values and determine the error associated with the approximation.
17) (Challenge problems) Use linearization to estimate the following values. Then, find the error of the
approximation using a calculator.
3
a) (16.04)4 b) ln(2.05)
18) (Multiple Choice) Find a linear approximation to 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥 at 𝑥 = 1.
Use the tangent line to estimate 𝑥 = 1.1.

A) 8.156
B) 7.055
C) 3.534
D) 3.433

4.3 → I am able to solve problems involving the how fast a given quantity is changing. (related rates)
19) (Multiple Choice) A trough for feeding milk cows is 8 feet long, the ends of the trough are in the shape of an
equilateral triangle whose sides are 2 feet long. Grain is poured into the trough at a rate of 5 cubic feet per
minute. Find the rate at which the grain level is rising when the depth reaches 8 inches.

A) 0.812 ft/min
B) 1.624 ft/min
C) 2.165 ft/min
D) 25.981 ft/min

20) A small balloon is released at a point 150 feet from 21) Sand is falling into a conical pile at a rate of 12
the observer, who is on level ground. If the balloon cubic feet per second. The diameter of the pile is
rises straight up at a rate of 8 feet per second, how four times the height. At what rate is the height of
fast is the distance from the observer to the the pile changing when the pile is 8 feet high?
balloon increasing when the balloon is 50 feet
high?

22) A spherical snowball melts so that its radius 23) A crowd gathers around a movie star, forming a
decreases at a rate of 4 in/sec. At what rate is the circle. The radius of the crowd increases at a rate
volume of the snowball changing when the radius of 2 m/sec. How fast is the area taken up by the
is 2 inches? crowd increasing when the radius is 14 meters?

𝟎 ∞
4.4 → I can evaluate limits of functions that result in either or indeterminate forms by applying L’Hopital’s Rule.
𝟎 ∞
For questions 24) – 30), evaluate each limit. If L’Hopital’s Rule is applied, be sure to show all of the proper work.
2(𝑥−1)
24) lim
𝑥→1 ln 𝑥
 sin 𝑥 𝑒 𝑥 −cos 𝑥
25) lim 7𝑥+2 sin 𝑥 26) lim
𝑥→0 𝑥→0 5 sin 𝑥

5𝑥 2 −7𝑥 𝑥
27) lim 28) lim
𝑥→∞ 1−3𝑥 2 𝑥→∞ ln 𝑥

ln(𝑥+2)4 𝑥 3 −7𝑥 2 +10𝑥

29) lim 30) lim
𝑥→∞ ln 𝑥 4 𝑥→2 𝑥 2 +𝑥−6
One way to help yourself study is to make yourself a “cheat sheet.” You may NOT use this on the test,
but sometimes it helps to summarize important information on one sheet of paper. One of my BC
students a few years ago would do this to prepare herself for every test and found it helpful…