Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEED)

Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT)

LEARNING MODULE

Module no. 1 (History of Volleyball, Rules, Court, Players)

Subject Code : PE 3
Subject Description : Team Sports (Volleyball and Basketball)
Term : 1st Semester

I. Learning Objectives:

At the end of the chapter, students are expected to:

1. Trace the history of Volleyball;

2. Define and differentiate the terms used in Volleyball;
3. Identify the equipment and facilities of Volleyball; and
4. Learn and execute the different skills needed in playing Volleyball.
5. Define physical education and interpret its meaning in relation to life situation.
6. Discuss the history of the game.
7. Understand and apply the knowledge of basic rules of Volleyball.
8. Exercise muscles and develop controlled movement.
9. Successfully participates in skill improvement and offensive game strategies.
10. Consistently responds defensively to the opponent’s play.
11. Demonstrate proper etiquette and good sportsmanship.
12. Develop an awareness of community resources and opportunities related to the game.

II. Learning Outcomes:

 Student will acquire knowledge and demonstrate skills to safely engage in Physical
activity.
 Discuss the history of Basketball and Volleyball.
 Understand basic rules, terminology, and safety concerns.
 Demonstrate the ability to perform individual offensive and defensive skills and
strategies.
 Demonstrate the ability to perform team offensive and defensive skills and strategies.
 Understand and apply the knowledge of basic rules of sports.
 Demonstrate proper etiquette and good sportsmanship.
 Develop an awareness of community resources and opportunities related to sports.

III. Learning Resources:

Required Learning Resources

 Laptop, Textbook, Print out activities, module.

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
Tasks to Complete:

●reading PE 3 book (Team Sports)

●home activities and practice exercises
●module
●quizzes and exam

IV. Content Items:

Lesson 1: Physical Education

Introduction

Physical Education came from the Latin word "physica" meaning physics and "educatio"
meaning training. As a course, it aims to train the bodily organs and power to promote health
and vigor.

Team Sports is always based on the quality and productivity of each individual. Each and
every one can be enhanced by participating in a comprehensive, sequential physical
education system that develops physical, mental, emotional, social and spiritual well-being. A
physically fit person is one who has mastered the necessary movement skills to participate
confidently in many different ways of physical activity, physical fitness and understands the
thorough meaning of a healthy lifestyle.

Sports education is one of the fundamental need for regular physical activity to remain
healthy and promotes in many ways, the attitudes and behaviors that reduce health risks,
including an understanding for a need of appropriate nutrition and exercise. The quality of
sports education programme can motivate students to maintain healthy eating habits and
regular physical activity.

A well- planned physical education programme guides students to become motivated in

attaining optimum health through regular use of new skills and knowledge.

Physical Education is based on the premise that the quality and productivity of each
individual's life can be enhanced through participation of the students.

Team Sports is an activity in which a group of individuals, on the same team, work together
to accomplish an ultimate goal which is usually organized into opposing teams.

Goal of Physical Education

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
A comprehensive physical education curriculum should be based on the physical education
system which helps student to achieve the goals to be physically fit.

This curriculum is aligned with the content standards to equip the students with the
Knowledge, skills and attitude necessary for life-long physical activity and influences the
development of personal and social skills.

It includes cognitive skills such as critical thinking, problem solving and creative thinking;
social and interpersonal skills such as communication, collaboration, leadership and cross-
cultural skills; self-management skills of self- monitoring and self-direction as well as project
management skills, and personal characteristics which are part of ethics, civic responsibility
and accountability.

The above-mentioned skills and content areas support the goal of physical education and are
introduced at appropriate ages and college levels.

The learning outcomes can develop the student's skills in accessing, synthesizing and
evaluating information, making informed decisions, enhancing and advocating their own and
other's fitness and health.

The knowledge in understanding the skills underpins the incompetence and builds the
confidence and commitment required for all students to live life for fitness and health.

A well-planned physical education program is one component of a comprehensive school

health system. That system, which is comprised of organized set of policies, procedures, and
activities is designed to protect and promote the health and well-being of students and staff
and includes the following components:

1. Health Education
2. Physical Fitness
3. Health Services
4. Nutrition Services
5. Safe and Healthy School Environment
6. Parent and Community Involvement

Moreover, in a comprehensive school health system, physical education and health education
should complement each other. However the ways in which they are separate and distinct
must be recognized.

Health Education as described in the school system focuses on four unifying ideas of health
literacy.

Health literacy is the capacity of an individual to obtain, interpret, and understand basic
health information and services in ways which are health-enhancing.

Physical Education differs most distinctly from health education in that it gives emphasis on
teaching students how to move.

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
What matters is that competition equates with making the most of one's physical potential
and capabilities in a positive, meaningful way.

Legal Bases of Physical Education

In 1978, the UNESCO described sport and physical education as a fundamental right for all,"
all forms of physical activity contribute to physical fitness, mental well-being and social
interaction, such as play, recreation, organized or competitive sport, and indigenous sports
and games." Furthermore learning to move and enjoying the freedom of movement is a
human right (UNESCO 1999).

In October 2003, the United Nations (UN) Secretary General Kofi Annan published the
report of the UN Inter-Agency Task Force on Sport for Development and Peace which
concluded that sport at all levels, from play and physical activity and competitive sport, is a
powerful and cost-corrective way to advance the Millennium Development Goals (MDGS).
In 2005, Resolution proclaimed 2005 as the International Year of Sport and Physical
Education, stating that "the United Nations is turning to the world o sport for help in the work
for peace and the effort to achieve the MDGs." In a development context, the definition of
sport usually includes a broad and inclusive spectrum of activities suitable to people of
abilities, with an emphasis on the positive values of sport.

In April 2011, the United Nations through the Special Adviser on Sport for Development and
Peace officially called upon UN Member States, UN entities, sports organizations,
international and civil society organizations, the academia, the private sector and media to
work in close partnership in recognizing and harnessing the transformative power of sport
and physical education.

Article 14 Section 19 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution mandates:

"The State [to] promote physical education and encourage sports programs, league
competitors, and amateur sports, including training for international competitors to foster
self-discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert
citizenry.” All educational institutions shall undertake regular sports activities throughout
the country in cooperation with athletic clubs and other sectors.

ARTICLE II

GENERAL PROVISIONS

SECTION 3: Integrated Purposes of the General, Higher and Physical Education

One of the goals of general education as articulated by the Commission on Higher Education
is "to help improve the Filipino quality of life." This succinctly expresses the aspiration of the
Tertiary Physical Education Program. PE, more than any other subject in the curriculum, is
much more direct. It is a subject that is directly applicable and relevant to a learner's life in
school, out of school and even beyond school.

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
Through PE, the learner can be more disciplined because the activities and tasks demand
physical effort. When the learner independently engages in physical activities because he
understands the benefits of caring for and nurturing one's health, he gains self-mastery.

This self-mastery which is accompanied by self-confidence enables the learner to become

more socially involved. This is not to say that individuals who are incapable of exercise or
physical activities are deprived of living a full life, rather, those who hit physically fit and
healthy are more disposed" living a life of service for others.
PE, in recognizing the fundamental humanity it all, serves therefore as an important scaffold
the goal of producing "graduates imbued will values reflective of a humanist orientation [who
are equipped to] think through the ethical and social implications of a given course of action
and are competent to learn continuously throughout life."

Thus, the Filipino learner who is fully cognizant of his role in the life of the nation and the
larger community will be able to live meaningfully in a complex, rapidly changing and
globalized world by actively engaging himself in his community and the nation's
development issues and concerns.

SECTION 4: Goals and Context of Physical Education

Based on the World Health Organization's report (2010), physical inactivity is the fourth
leading risk factor for global mortality.

It has been shown that regular participation activities reduces the risk of disease brought
about by sedentary lifestyle. Since modern society has effectively engineered moderate-to-
vigorous physical activities out of most workplaces, our homes, community and even in our
recreational pursuits, the school ought to be the last institution to resist this.

Since the greatest resource of a nation is its citizen, the Tertiary PE Program takes on a public
health and fitness orientation.

PE is the key learning area in the school curriculum that focuses explicitly on making
learners adapt to lifelong physical activity. It promotes an understanding of the centrality of
movement in daily life, in all its forms.

Physical Education and Healthy Safety Guidelines:

This guideline includes procedures that help prevent accidents or injury in Physical Education
classes and activities. It should be recognized and incorporated in all class activities.

1. Exercise and move carefully at all times.

2. Listen carefully and follow directions.
3. Always participate and give the best effort in every activity.
4. Consideration should firstly be given to the safety of the student.
5. Provide a pleasant atmosphere in which the students can work out.
6. Teachers need to be aware of the medical background and physical limitation of every
student.
7. Teachers must inform their students the locations of the fire chains, fire exits, and
alternative routes at the beginning of the semester.
Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
8. Consideration must also be given to informing the parents of any activities that take
students off the immediate school proper (e.g. fun run, camping)
9. Teachers should not only look at activities that include contact, but also at issues
surrounding body contact.
10. Teachers must demonstrate that all proper precautions will be taken in the interest of
student safety.
11. A fully stocked first-aid kit must be readily accessible at the gymnasium.
12. Teachers must inform their students to use clean, comfortable clothes and shoes.
13. Exercise either in the morning or late afternoon when the weather is not too hot.
14. Teachers should have the recommended qualifications and experience for sport education.
15. Teachers are recommended to supervise students' first aid training.
16. All records of inspections, using the facilities regularly inspected.
17. Equipment and Facilities are safe measures minimize any potential risk to students.
18. Severe exercise must be avoided unless the individual is young and athletic.
19. There is none best form of exercise. It depends on what the individual to achieve.
20. Medical information of the student is communicated through school medical clinic with
the supervision of the teacher.

Lesson 2: VOLLEYBALL GAME

Brief History of the Game

As a sport, volleyball was initiated by Mr. William G. Morgan. In the beginning, it was called
"Mintonette" and eventually changed to "Volleyball" by Dr. Halstead of Springfield, USA
because the basic idea of the game was to volley the ball back and forth over the net. He
decided to blend elements of basketball, baseball, tennis, and handball to create a game for
his classes of businessmen which would demand less physical contact than basketball.

He created the game of Volleyball (at that time called, Mintonette).

Morgan borrowed the net from tennis, and raised it 6 feet 6 inches above the floor, just above
the average man's head. During a demonstration game, someone remarked to Morgan that the
players seemed to be volleying the ball back and forth over the net, and perhaps "volleyball"
would be a more descriptive name for the sport. On July 7, 1896 at Springfield College the
first game of "volleyball" was played.

Volleyball is now just achieving the type of popularity in the U.S. that it has received on a
global basis, where it ranks behind only soccer among participation sports.

Today there are more than 46 million Americans who play volleyball. There are 800 million
players worldwide who play volleyball at least once a week.

Volleyball is a team sport played by two teams on playing court divided by a net. The object
of the game is to send the ball over the net to ground it on the opponent's court, and to
prevent the same effort by the opponent. The team has three hits for returning the ball (in
addition to the block contact).

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
The ball is put in play with a service hit by server over the net to the opponents. The rally
continues until the ball is grounded on the playing court, goes "out" or a team fails to return it
properly.

1922 – The first YMCA National Championship was held in Brooklyn, N.Y.
1964 - Volleyball was introduced at the Olympic Games in Tokyo.

TERMINOLOGY
Antenna - A flexible pole extended up from the net, attached as part of the net extension to
designate the outside boundaries of the court.
Attack Line - The line across the court at 3 meters from the center. Back row players may
not attack a ball on or in front of this line.
Back Row Attack - When a back row player attacks the ball on or in front of the attack line.
Back Row Block - When a back row player blocks a ball at the net.
Ball In - Ball which lands on the court, or on inside of the boundary line.
Ball Out - Ball which lands outside of the court.
Base Position - The designated position of an athlete at the time of the service.
Block - The skill of jumping at the net to stop a ball from entering your court.
Center Line - The line directly under the net.
Contact, Double - A violation in which a player hits the ball twice in succession or the ball
contacts various parts of his/her body in succession.
Contact, Successive - "A legal play that occurs during the team's first hit, when
successive contacts with various parts of the player's body are permitted in a single action of
playing the ball.
Contacts, Consecutive - A violation in which a player hits the ball two times consecutively.
(Exception Rules 9.2.3, 14.2 & 14.4.2)
Dead Ball - The ball is out of play, called by the officials.
Deciding Set - The final (3rd or 5th) set to be played if the match is tied.
Dig - Usually the first reception by the team after an unblocked spike.
Divisioning - A process to evaluate teams in an effort to achieve parity in competitive
brackets or pools.
Foot Fault - The server touches the end line at the same time as contacting the ball when
serving.
Held Ball - A ball that is caught or thrown and not played cleanly.
Hitter/Spiker - player who attacks the ball with force to the opponent's court
Knee Pads - Optional protective equipment to protect the knees of a player
Libero - A defensive specialist who only plays in a back row position: this player wears a
contrasting colored uniform and has several other restrictions.
Match - Predetermined number of sets.
Officials - 1st Referee: on the stand (R1); 2nd Referee: on the floor near the score table (R2);
scorekeeper; Libero tracker; line judges.
Overlap - A foul that occurs when players are in the incorrect rotation at the precise moment
of the serve.
Pancake - A play where a defensive player will put his/her hand palm down on the floor to
prevent the ball from hitting the floor.
Pass - Usually the first contact by a teammate to the setter.
Player Replacement - Act of the Libero either coming into or leaving the game.

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
Playing Captain - The player on the court who represents his/ her team and is the only team
member who can talk to the referee.
Points to Win - 15 or 25 points is required to win a set; in order to win, a team must be at
least 2 points ahead (Competition management may determine other limits in certain
situations).
Rally - The act of playing the ball back and forth over the net.
Rally Scoring - Each play results in a point unless a replay is directed.
Red Card - A sanction resulting in the ejection of a player/coach from the set for rude or
unacceptable behavior with no point being awarded
Replay - When an official instructs the tear to play over the previous point due to an error or
other reasons.
Serve - The technique of putting the ball into play.
Serve Receive - The tactical skill of directing the opponent serve to the setter.
Set - The tactical skill in which a ball is directed to a point where a player can spike it into
the opponent's court.
Setter - A player (usually the second team contact) who delivers the ball to a hitter.
Shot - Any directed individual attack attempt
Side Out/Rotate - When the team wins the serve from the opposing team, the team will
rotate one position clockwise, often referred to as a Side Out.
Skill - The coordinated, effective function required by a specific motor task.
Skip Step - Resembles a hop. The feet are moved simultaneously from one position to a new
balance position
Spike - A hard driven ball into the opponent's court, usually accomplished by hitting the ball
with an overhead arm swing.
Stuff - A ball that is deflected back to the attacking team's floor by the opponent's blockers.
Substitution - The act by which a player enters a set to occupy the position of another player
who must leave the set.
Target Area - The court position where the target player should be.
Technique - The mechanic of a skill.
Terminal Contacts - Contacts the result of which lead directly to points or side-outs for the
contracting team.
Tip - An attack technique that the spiker uses to place the ball gently with the tips of fingers
of one hand.
Time-Out - A suspension of play requested by the playing captain or coach and granted by
the R1; the length of the time-out is governed by rule.
Tossing - An important skill used by coaches and players to initiate a drill.
Touch - A ball that is touched by a player either intentionally or accidentally; both count as a
touch.
Touch Block - Another term for control block.
Trajectory - The curve the ball takes on its path from one player to another.
Triads - Groups of three players working together with a drill.
Two Blockers - A team defensive scheme that deploys to front row.
Two Blockers Middle Up - A team defensive scheme that deploys two blockers in a back
row player playing at 3 meter line behind the block to cover the tip.
Two - Step Move - The most common blocker foot pattern used to move laterally with speed
and balance to get in front of a spiker.
Yellow Card - a warning to a player/coach for unacceptable behavior that results in a point
for the other team.

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

1. Court. The playing court is rectangle measuring 18m x9m surrounded by free zone which
is minimum of 3m wide on all sides.

All lines are 5cm. two side lines and two end lines mark the playing court. All lines are drawn
inside the dimensions of the playing court.

The axis of the centerline divides the playing court into two equal court measuring 9x9 cm
each.

On each court, the front zone is limited by the axis of the centerline and the attack line drawn
3m back from that axis. The service zone is a 9m wide area behind the end line.

2. Net and Posts

Height of net for men - 2.43m

Height of net for woman - 2.24m
Height of post -2.55m
Net is 1m wide and 9.5m long

3. Antenna
An antenna is a flexible rod, 1.8m long and 10mm in diameter, made of fiberglass or similar
material.
Two antennae are fastened at the outer edge of each side band and placed on opposite sides of
the net.
The antennae are considered as part of the net and laterally delimit the crossing space.

4. Balls
Circumference - 65.67cm
Weight -260-280 grams

PARTICIPANTS

A. REFEREEING COPS

1. Scorer

Location: The scorer performs his/her functions seated at the scorer's table on the opposite
side of the court facing the first referee.

1. He/she keeps the score sheet according to the rules, cooperating with the second referee.
2. He/she uses a buzzer or other sound device to give signals to the referee on the basis
his/her responsibilities.

3. Prior to the match and set, the scorer:

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
 3.1 registers the data of the match and tears, including the name and number of libero
player, according to the procedures in forces, and obtains the signatures of the
captains and the coaches;

3.2 records the starting line-up of each team from the line- up sheet;

If he/she fails to receive the line-up sheets on time, he/she immediately notifies this
fact to the second referee.

4. During the match, the scorer:

4.1 records the point scored;

4.2 controls the serving order of each team and indicates any error to the referees
immediately after the service hit;
4.3 records the time-outs and player substitutions, controlling their number, and
informs the second referee;
4.4 notifies the referee of a request for interruption that is out of order;
4.5 announces to the referees the ends of the sets, and the scoring of the 8th point in
the deciding set;

5. records any sanctions:

5.1 records all other events as instructed by the second referee, i.e exceptional
substitutions, recovery time, prolonged interruption, external interference, etc.

6. At the end of the match, the scorer:

6.1 in the case of protest, with the previous authorization of the first referee, writes or
permits the team/ game captain to write on the score sheet a statement on the incident
protested;
6.2 after signing the score sheet him/herself, obtains the signatures of the team
captains and then the referee.

2. Assistant Scorer
Location: the assistant scorer performs his/her functions seated beside the scorer at the
scorer's table.

Responsibilities:

1. He/she records the replacements involving the libero.

2. He/she assists administrative duties of the scorer's work.

3. Should the scorer become unable to continue his/her work the assistant scorer substitute for
the scorer.

4. Prior to the match and set assistant scorer.

4.1 prepares the libero control sheet;
4.2 prepares the reserve score sheet.

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
5. During the match, assistant scorer:
5.1 records the details of the libero replacements;
5.2 notifies the referees of any fault of the Libero replacement;
5.3 starts and ends the timing of technical time-out
5.4 operates the manual scoreboard on the scorer's table;
5.5 checks that scoreboard agree.

6. At the end of the match, the assistant scorer:

6.1 signs the libero control sheet and submits it for checking;
6.2 signs the score sheet.

3. Line Judge
Location: If only two line judges are used, they stand at the corners of the court closest to the
right hand of each referee, diagonally at 1 to 2 m from the corner. Each of them controls both
the end line and sideline on his/her side.

Responsibilities:

1. The line judges perform their function by using flags (40 x 40cm) to signal:
1.1 the ball "in" and "out" of the ball lands near their lines;
1.2 the touches of "out" of balls by the team receiving the ball;
1.3 the ball touching the antenna, the served ball crossing the net outside the crossing
space, etc;
1.4 any player (except the server stepping outside of his/her court at the moment of
the service hit:
1.5 the fool faults of the server;
1.6 any contact with the antenna on their side of the court by any player during his/her
action of playing the ball or interfering with the play;
1.7 Ball crossing the net outside the crossing space into opponent's the court or
touching the antenna on his/her side of the court;

2. At the first referee's request, a line judge must repeat his/her signal.

4. First referee
Location: The first referee carries out his/her functions seated or standing on a referee's stand
located at one end of the net. His! her view must be approximately 50cm above the net.

Authority:

1. The first referee directs the match from the start until end.
He/she has authority over all members of the refereeing corps and the members of the teams.

2. During the match the first referee's decisions are final. He/ she is authorized to overrule the
decisions of other members of the refereeing corps, if it is noticed that they are mistaken.

3. The first referee also controls the work of the ball retrievers, floor wipers and moppers.

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
4.The first referee has the power to decide any matter involving the game including those not
provided for in the rules.

5.The first referee shall not permit any discussion about his/ her decisions. However, at the
request of the game captain, the first referee will give an explanation on the application or
interpretation of the rules upon which he/she has based the decision. If the game captain does
not agree with the explanation of the first referee and chooses to protest against such
decision, he/she must immediately reserve the right to file and to record this protest at the
conclusion of the match. The first referee must authorize this right of the game captain.

6. The first referee is responsible for determining before and during the match whether the
equipment and the conditions meet playing requirements.

Responsibilities:

1. Prior to the match, the first referee:

1.1 inspects the conditions of the playing area, the balls and other equipment;
1.2 performs the toss with the team captains;
1.3 Controls the teams warming-up.
2. During the match, only the first referee is authorized:
2.1 to issue warnings to the teams;
2.2 to sanction misconduct and delays;
2.3 to decide upon:
2.3.1 the faults of the server and of the positions of the serving team, including
the screen,
2.3.2 the faults in playing the ball,
2.3.3 the faults above the net and at its upper part,
2.3.4 the attack his faults of the Libero and the back- row players.
2.3.5 A completed attack made by player on a ball coming from an overhand
pass with finger by the Libero in his/her front zone, or its extension.
2.3.6 The ball crossing the lower space under the net.

3. At the end of the match, he/she checks the score sheet and signs it.

5. Second referee
Location: The second referee performs his/her functions standing facing the first referee.
outside the playing court near the post, on the opposite side

Authority:

1. The second referee is the assistant of the referee, but also his/her own range of jurisdiction,
he/she may referee.

2. The second referee may, without whistling, also signs faults outside jurisdiction, but may
not insist on them to the first referee.
3. The second referee controls the work of the scorer(s).
4. The second referee supervises the team members on the team bench and reports their
misconduct to the first referee.
5. The second referee controls the players in the warm-up areas.

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
6. The second referee authorizes the interruptions, controls their duration and rejects
improper requests.
7. The second referee controls the number of time-outs and substitutions used by each team
and reports the 2nd time- out and 5th and 6th substitutions to the first referee and the coach
concerned.
8. In the case of an injury of a player the second referee authorizes an exceptional substitution
or grants a 3 minute recovery time.
9. The second referee checks the floor condition, mainly in the front zone. He/she also checks
during the match, that the balls still fulfill the regulations.
10. The second referee supervises the team members in the penalty areas and reports their
misconduct to the first referee.

Responsibilities:

1. At the start of each set, at the change of courts in the deciding set and whenever necessary,
he/she checks that the actual positions of the players on the court correspond to those on the
line-up sheets.

2. During the match, the second referee decides, whistles and signals:
2.1 penetration into the opponent's court, and the space under the net;
2.2 Positional faults of the receiving team;
2.3 The faulty contact of the player with the net at its lower part or with the antenna
on his/her side of the court;
2.4 Any completed block by a back-row player or an attempt to block by the libero;
2.5 the contact of the ball with an outside object;
2.6 the contact of the all with the floor whom the first referee is not position to see the
contact;
2.7 the ball that crosses the net totally or partly outside of the crossing space to the
opponent court or contacts the antenna on his where side of the court.

3. At the end of the match, he/she signs the score sheet.

B. Team Composition
1. 1 coach
2. 1 assistant coach
3. 1 trainer
4. 1 medical doctor
5. 12 players including the substitute

Note: (The team has option to include a libero)

BASIC SKILLS

A. Serving

Execution of service

The ball shall hit one hand or any part of the arm after being tossed or released from the
hand(s), and before it touches any part of his/her body or the playing surface.
Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
At the moment of the service hit or the take-off for jump service, the server must not touch
the court (the end line included) or the ground outside the service zone. After the hit, he/she
may step or land outside the service zone.

The server must hit the ball within 8 seconds after the first referee whistles for service.

A service executed before the referee's whistle is canceled and repeated. Since there is no
longer a service attempt, a ball that is released or tossed, then allowed by the server to touch
the playing surface is a serving fault.

1. Underhand

Emphasizes the idea that the ball should be hit with the hand down below. The right-
handed player has his left foot a little forward as he hits the ball with the right hand. The ball
must be off the left hand as it is batted by the right hand, otherwise it becomes a fault.
For beginners, it is recommended that the side of the hand, the part where the thumb is
located, be used to bat the ball. It is generally stronger and more accurate.

2. Sidearm

The ball is held on the left-hand level with the shoulder or a little lower, with the hand
stretched or half-stretched, but with the player facing the side of the court. The ball must be
off the hand before it is batted.

3. Overhand

a. Drop

The server faces the opponent's court, throws the ball one or two feet above with the left
hand, and with closed or half-closed right fist bats the ball at the center or a little above
center, using the heel and top part of the fist simultaneously, putting a little jerking motion
upon contact with the ball so that a spin is made on the ball. If batted properly, the ball
passing two feet above the net may land at center.

b. Wallop

The server bats the ball as in the drop but preference is given to the hitting of the ball with the
side of the first near the thumb; the server, before serving, turns toward the so that he faces
the side of the court, throws the ball, and bats it at center or a little above center. As in the
drop, the ball is expected to drop suddenly upon crossing the net.

C. Floater

The floater is batted in the same way as the drop. But in this case, there is no spin imparted
onto the ball so that the ball goes floating straight ahead, in almost a horizontal plane. A ball
batted this way and just two feet above the net usually lands outside. This is applied to
deceive the receivers into playing it as it usually goes within the reach of the players.

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
B. Passing

A served ball coming from the opponent's side is received or stopped by the other team with
any part of the body, but the usual and effective way is with the hands. Common faults in
receiving are holding and dribbling.

1. Underhand pass - Used when ball is received below the shoulders.

2. Overhead pass - Used when ball is received above the shoulders
3. Special pass -

a. Dig pass- a method of fielding balls that are almost out of reach. The motion of the arm is
the full arm underhand stroke.

b. Set-up - used for the purpose of placing the ball in position for the attack player (spiker) to
hit or smash it.

c. Spiking/Attacking - Spiking is done by hitting the ball over or above the net with any
strong force or smash such that the ball falls in a downward direction. For an effective
strategy, however, the spike can be modified by just making the ball roll off the hands over
the net into the opponent's court. The objective is to make the opponents commit faults or
error.

i. Hard spike - or strong spike is expected to push back the blocking hands or cause the ball
to go out of control after hitting the blocking hands.

ii. Soft spike - where the ball just rolls of the hand or the body of the blocker so that a fault is
committed
C. Blocking/Defending

Blocking is the effort of a defensive team to stop a spike by putting up the fingers and hands
above the net and in front of may be able to handle it. the ball may fall on the blocker's court
so that the other players

TEACHING VOLLEYBALL RULES

The best time to teach the rules of volleyball is during practice. For example, when during a
practice game a player makes contact with the net, this would be a good time to stop the
game and explain that you cannot contact the net while trying to make a play on the ball.

As a coach that follows international sports program, it is your responsibility to know and
understand the rules of the game and to teach these rules to your players and other coaches.
To assist you with this responsibility, listed below are selected rules that govern the sport of
volleyball.

Occasionally, a situation will occur where a properly registered team with at least six players
on the roster is unable to field six players at any point during a competition due to injury or
other problems. Below national level, the Competition Manager may allow that team to
continue at their discretion as long as that team would not receive a competitive advantage.

A. Court
Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
It is recommended that a regulation-size court be used. However, most of the time allows for
the service line to be moved closer to the net, but no closer than 4.5 meters (14 feet 9 inches).
If a regulation-size court (18 meters by 9 meters, surrounded by a free zone of a minimum of
3 meters wide on all sides) is unavailable, then modifications may be made to allow for play
in a safe manner, In Modified Team Competition, the court may be reduced in size to 7.62
meters (25 feet) wide and 15,24 meters
(50 feet) long. The height of the net should be; Men's and coed competition × 2.43 meters (7
feet 11 5/3
inches) Women's competition -2.24 meters (7 feet 4 1/8 inches) Unified Sports competition
x2.43 meters (7 feet 11 5/8 inches) for men and coed, and 2.24 meters (7 feet 4 1/8 inches)
for women.

B. Officials
In competition, teams may be required to furnish one or more officials to function as
described below:

1. 1st Referee (R1)

The 1st referee is in charge of the match and has the final authority on all matters. The R1
will be on the stand opposite the scorekeeper and will make decisions involving ball
handling, lifts, throws, etc. The referee will give decisions with whistle and hand signals
These signals can be found on the next page. All judgment decisions by the R1 are final.

2. 2nd Referee (R2)

The 2nd referee is located on the floor, opposite the R1 and near the team benches and the
scorekeeper. The R2 is mainly responsible for control of the net, watching for infractions.
The R2 may also assist the R1 on ball handling calls by giving a discreet signal if the R1 is
screened or blocked on the play. The R2 may not blow the whistle in this case, but should
assist the R1 as needed. The R2 is also responsible for oversight of the scorekeeper and for
administering all substitution requests.

3. Scorekeeper
The scorekeeper is responsible for keeping the score sheet according to the rules of the game
or other such duties as authorized. It is the duty of the scorekeeper to ensure that the visual
scoreboard is accurate.

4. Line Judges (LJ)

Line judges are an important part of the officiating team, They stand in the left corners
(behind the left back position) of the court and assist the R1 with calling the ball in, the ball
out and touches as instructed by the R1.

5. Libero Tracker
For those programs using the Libero provision in the rules, a minor official may be required
to track Libero replacements.

1. Illegal Alignment
2. Line Violation
3. Illegal Hit
4. Delay of Service
5. Over-The-Net
6. Net Foul or Net Service
Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
7. Legal Back Row Attack
8. Back Row Attacker
9. Illegal Blocker - Screening
10. Ball Touched
11. Four Hits
12. Double Hit
13. Ball Lands In-Bounds
14. Out-of-Bounds/Antenna Violation
15. Begin Server
16. Side-Out
17. Point Improper Service
18. Replay Service
19. Substitution
20. Illegal
21. Team Time-out
22. Officials Time-out
23. Unnecessary Delay
24. End of Game
25. Change of Courts

C. Pre-match Meeting
During the pre-match meeting, the R1 will meet with representatives from each team to:
1. Clarify warm-up procedures.
2. Explain event/tournament/match rules and facility ground rules.
3. Determine which team serves first and from which side of the court they will serve.

D. Start of the Match

When ready, the R1 will instruct the players to line up on the end line. Upon signal from the
R1, the players will move onto the court and line up in the proper rotation while the R2
verifies their position on the court.

E. Start of the Set

When all players are in the proper position and both teams are ready to play, the R1 will
beckon for the server to serve the ball. The beckon for serve will be done with both a whistle
and arm motion.

F. Service Rotation
When the receiving team has gained the right to serve, the players rotate one position
clockwise. There are two exceptions to this:

1. In a unified competition, when the serving team has scored three consecutive points they
shall rotate one position clockwise and maintain service. The receiving team will NOT rotate.

2. In Modified Team Competition volleyball, a three-point or five-point serving rule will be

used. Once a player has scored the three or five points, there will be an automatic loss of
possession with the opponent getting ball and service but no point.
A ball that lands inside the court or on any part of the line is considered good. A ball that
lands outside of the court and completely outside of the line is considered out.

H. Method of Scoring
Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
Volleyball is played using the Rally Scoring method. Each time a ball is put in play, a point
will be awarded. The exception is if the referee directs a replay (a ball from another court
comes onto the court, etc.). You do not need to be serving for your team to earn a point.

I. Time-Outs

Each team may call two time-outs per set, each lasting 30 seconds in duration.

J. To Win a Set/Match
Teams need to earn 25 points to win the set (the deciding set is played to 15 points). You
must win by at least two points. Matches are played either best two out of three sets or best
three out of five sets. Please be sure to check with your competition manager for the format
of each competition. Some matches maybe either shortened or lengthened due to time and/or
space considerations.

K. Sanctions
1. Yellow Card
A warning against a player or coach that results in the opposing team getting a point.
2. Red Card
A sanction against a player or coach that results in an expulsion from the set.
3. Red/Yellow Card Held Together
A sanction against a player or coach that results in a disqualification from the match. The
competition manager will decide if the incident requires the player or coach to be out of the
tournament.

Common Violations:
a. Lift
b. Throw
c. Double hit
d. More than three hits
e. Touching the net while playing the ball
f. Center line violation (under the net)
g. Out of rotation
h. Wrong server
i. Back row attack
j. Service foot fault

L. Protest Procedures
Protest procedures are governed by the rules of competition.
The role of the competition management team is to enforce the rules. As coach, your duty to
your athletes and team is to protest any action or events that occur while your athletes are
competing that you think violated the Official Volleyball Rules. It is extremely important that
you do not make protests because you and your athlete did not get your desired outcome.
Protests are serious matters that impact a competition's schedule. Check with the competition
manager prior to competition to learn the protest procedures for that competition.

There are Generally Two Types of Protests:

1. Eligibility

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
Protests regarding eligibility shall be filed according to the procedures approved by the
competition management team.

2. Rules of the Game

Protests must be made by the playing captain prior to the next serve. Judgment is not a
protestable situation. A valid protest would be a rule that the coach and playing captain feel
the official has misapplied. An example would be an erroneous number of partners on the
court or the official failing to enforce the number of substitutions in a particular game.

If a valid protest has been made and accepted by the fir referee (R1), the referee will get off
the stand and consult the rulebook. If, after consulting the rulebook, the playing captain still
wants to protest, the R1 will send a suitable representative to locate the competition manager.
At this time, the scorekeeper should record all pertinent facts for the match (score, time of
protest, substitutions used, time outs taken, etc.). The competition manager and/or Chie-
Referee will make a ruling on the protest. If denied, play will begin immediately. If the
protest is upheld, the play in question will be played over and the problem corrected
These decisions are final. There is no appeal. The set will proceed immediately upon
conclusion of a decision being made.

SIMPLIFIED PLAYING RULES in VOLLEYBALL

A. Duration of Game and Choice of Court

1. Number of sets in a match- 5 sets

2. Choice of court - Captains draw lots or toss coin. Winner of toss selects either the court or
the right to serve first.
3. Change of court - after each set and after the 8th point is scored by team in the decision set.

B. Interruption of the Play

1. The captain or coach may ask for "time-out" which can either be for rest or for substitution
of a player.
2. Each team may take two I O's per set - length of the interruption for rest is a maximum of
30 seconds.
3. Between each set is a maximum interval of 2 minutes.

C. Beginning of Game and Change of Service

1. The server of the team starting the set is the player at the back right position who steps out
to the service area, hits the ball to the opponent's court then steps back in to court.
2. Server continues serving until his team losses the play.
3. Service should take place only after the referee whistles.
4. Wrong server shall cause change of service and faulty team shall immediately resume
positions correctly.
5. Each new set is started by the tear that did not serve first in the preceding set.
6. When the serving team commits a fault, they lose their service and a point is awarded to
the opponent.

D. Change of Positions (Rotation)

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
1. Player shall immediately rotate clockwise when the team will receive a serve of a new
server.
2. At the beginning of a new set, players can change positions provided the scorer is informed
about it.

E. Hitting the Ball

1. The ball can be struck or hit by any part of the body.
2. The ball must be clearly hit. Holding and dribbling shall be considered faults.
3. Two players simultaneously touching the net shall constitute a double fault.

F. Back Row Players

Back players cannot participate in the blocking and spiking.
However, a spiked ball by a back player is valid if the spiking is not done within the attack
area.

G. Libero Player
Each team has the option to register among the final list of 12 players one (1)
specialized defensive player "libero".
The libero must be recorded on the score sheet before the match and next to his/her name an
"L" must be marked. The number must also be added on the line-up sheet of their set.

The specific rules for a libero player as follows:

1. The libero is restricted to perform as a back row player and is not allowed to complete an
attack hit from anywhere (including playing court and free zone) if at the moment of the
contract, the ball is above the height of the top of the net.
2. The libero may not serve, block or attempt to block.
3. A ball coming from an overhand finger pass by a libero in the front zone or its extension
may not be attacked higher than the top of the net. If the libero makes the same action behind
the front zone, the ball may be freely attacked.
4. The libero wears a different color shirt or jacket in contrast to the other members of the
team (or with a different design).

5. Substitution involving a libero is not counted as regular.

6. A libero may only enter or leave the court by the side line in front of the team bench
between the attack line and the end line while the ball is out of play and before the whistle for
service (even before the start of the set)

Note:
a) The use of the libero is an option. A couch may or may not participate in that match except
as a libero. If the coach has not registered a Libero, no player maybe entered as a libero for a
match.

b) The libero may start the match inside the court; however, the coach shall indicate in the
match sheet the actual six players aside from the libero.

c) Although the Libero is a back row player, he/she may play the game in the front zone.

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
d) The libero should not be the team captain so that the match could proceed smoothly
without frequent queries on who is the current game captain. When the libero substitute the
team captain, it is suggested that he/she be the game captain.

e) The libero substitutions should be completed without delaying the match. It is not
necessary to inform the officials that a substitution involving a libero will be made by the
team. The libero may substitute any back row player who has completed his/her service
rounds, but only the player substituted by the libero may substitute the libero at the
appropriate time.

f) Any registered player may replace an injured libero, even one who is inside the playing
court of the time of the injury. The proper procedure involves a substitution of the
replacement libero first (in case he/she is inside the playing court at that time). There is no
need to have a rally played before the injured libero is replaced.

It is a fault when:
1. Server touches or crosses back line during the hit of service;
2. The order of rotation is not kept during the service.
3. The ball
a. touches own court or ground;
b. is "out":
c. crosses outside the vertical net maker;
d. touches an object outside the court;
4. a player
a. commits holding or dribbling of ball;
b. has touched the net;
c. has passed the center line;
d. has spiked ball on other team's court over the net:
5. a back player spikes or blocks the ball in the attack area.
6. illegal substitution is done.
7. delaying the game
8. the player leaves the court during requested TO.

HANDS SIGNALS

Referees use several hand signals during a volley ball game. The referee blows the whistles
to signal the start and end of each play. The hand signals are given by the referee who first
signals the fault and then indicates which team has won the point.

A point is indicated by one finger at the side of the court to indicate the winner of the rally.
Ball inbound is meant to show the point of the court where the ball landed and is indicated by
pointing one arm and hand towards the floor. If the ball is out of the bounds or went outside
the antenna, the referee will raise his forearms vertically and palm facing inwards. A carry is
when the ball had too much contact time with the player's hand is indicated by holding hand
horizontal with the palm facing upwards. A double hit is indicated by two fingers showing
that the player contacted the ball twice, Begin service indicates that the server is now allowed
to serve, which can be shown by holding the hand high in the air with the palm in the
direction of the team serving the ball. A net violation is meant to show that there was a
contact with the net. palm is facing down.

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
VI: Review Question and Practice Exercises

Activity #1
Answer the following:

1. Discuss the main objectives of the Physical Education Curriculum.

2. Enumerate policies and guidelines on the Physical Education Course.
3. Explain briefly the Article 14 of the 1987 Constitution.

Activity #2
Answer the given questions:

1. Enumerate the health and safety guidelines in Physical Education.

Activity #3
Answer the given questions:

1. Discuss the brief history of Volleyball.

Activity #4
Answer the given questions:
Explain the following skills needed in playing Volleyball

1. Underhand Serve
2. Overhand Serve
3. Passing
4. Hand Setting
5. Attacking
6. Jumping Attack
7. Blocking
8. Digging

Practice Exercises #1

Test Items Result/Score

Test #1 – Serving the Ball
Test #2 – Tossing the Ball
Test #3 – Spike
Test #4 – Dig Pass
Test #5 – Blocking

Practice Exercises #2 SERVING

Mechanics: The student should be in ready position. Using the correct position in serving the
ball, the student should be able to serve the ball and land in fair territory making a point.

Scoring: The perfect final score is 10. A point shall be deducted from the perfect score for
every mistake in the execution of the serving.
Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
 Proper Service Mistakes/Remarks
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Total Mistakes

VII. References:

Physical Activity Towards health and Fitness MINDSHAPE Co., INC. Rm.108, Corporate
Plaza Bldg., Recoletos St., Intramuros, Manila, COPYRIGHT 2023

Physical Activity Towards health and Fitness MINDSHAPE Co., INC. Rm.108, ICP Bldg.,
Recoletos St., Intramuros, Manila, COPYRIGHT 2019

Manto and Mayor, MAPEH Music Art Physical Education and Health, MET Review
Publishing 2015

Murray R. (1992). Nutrition for the Marathon and other Endurance

Punzalan, M. Physical Education 1 Movement Enhancement

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
 Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEED)
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT)
LEARNING MODULE

Module no. 2 (History of Basketball, Rules, Court, Players)

Subject Code : PE 3
Subject Description : Team Sports (Volleyball and Basketball)
Term : 1st Semester

I. Learning Objectives:

At the end of the chapter, students are expected to:

1. Trace the history of Basketball;

2. Define and differentiate the terms used in Basketball l;
3. Identify the equipment and facilities of Basketball; and
4. Learn and execute the different skills needed in playing Basketball.
5. Define physical education and interpret its meaning in relation to life situation.
6. Discuss the history of the game.
7. Understand and apply the knowledge of basic rules of Basketball.
8. Exercise muscles and develop controlled movement.
9. Successfully participates in skill improvement and offensive game strategies.
10. Consistently responds defensively to the opponent’s play.
11. Demonstrate proper etiquette and good sportsmanship.
12. Develop an awareness of community resources and opportunities related to the game.

II. Learning Outcomes:

 Student will acquire knowledge and demonstrate skills to safely engage in Physical
activity.
 Discuss the history of Basketball and Volleyball.
 Understand basic rules, terminology, and safety concerns.
 Demonstrate the ability to perform individual offensive and defensive skills and
strategies.
 Demonstrate the ability to perform team offensive and defensive skills and strategies.
 Understand and apply the knowledge of basic rules of sports.
 Demonstrate proper etiquette and good sportsmanship.
 Develop an awareness of community resources and opportunities related to sports.

III. Learning Resources:

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
 Required Learning Resources
 Laptop, Textbook, Print out activities, module.

IV. Tasks to Complete:

●reading PE 3 book (Team Sports)

●home activities
●module
●quizzes and exam

V. Content Items:

Lesson 1: Physical Education

THE ORIGIN OF BASKETBALL

The game of basketball was invented by James Naismith in 1891 in Springfield,

Massachusetts, to condition athletes during the colder months. Naismith was a prior physical
education instructor at YMCA International Training School, which is now Springfield
College.

At the request of his superior, he was tasked with creating an indoor sport that would help
athletes to stay in shape during the cold weather. It originally consisted of peach baskets and
a soccer- type ball. He made 13 rules for his game and divided his class of 18 students into
two teams of nine players and started teaching them the basics.

The objective of his creation was to throw the basketball into the fruit baskets that were
nailed to the lower railing of the gym's balcony. Each time a point would be scored, the game
had to be paused so that the janitor could get the ladder to retrieve the ball. After some time,
they finally removed the bottoms of the fruit baskets, having to retrieve the ball after each
score was far from practical.

The game became established quite quickly, and it grew very popular into the 20th century. It
first became popular in America and then branched out to get more popularity in other
corners of the world. As the game became established in colleges first, the professional game,
what we now know as the NBL, soon followed. The NBA then became established in 1946
and grew into a multibillion dollar enterprise before the end of the 20th century, and as a
result, the sport became an important part of American culture.

Basketball Equipment
Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
1. BACKBOARD
A backboard is a raised vertical board made from plexiglass (or tempered glass) which stands
ten feet from the ground. The basket/net is usually mounted on the backboard.

2. BASKETBALL BALL
A ball used in basketball games has different sizes according to different federations in which
it's used.

3. BASKETBALL RING
A highly flexible basketball rim that bends downward whenever a player dunks the basketball
and then snaps back into its original position. It allows the player to dunk the ball without
breaking the backboard and also helps prevent wrist injuries.

4. BASKETBALL COURT
The basketball court is usually made up of maple wood or concrete or asphalt.
Basketball courts come in many different sizes. In the National Basketball Association
(NBA), the court is 94 by 50 feet (28.7 by 15.2 m).
Under International Basketball Federation (FIBA) rules, the court is slightly smaller,
measuring 28 by 15 meters (91.9 by 49.2 ft). In amateur basketball, court sizes vary widely.
Many older high school gyms were 84 feet (26 m) or even 74 feet (23 m) in length. The
baskets are always 3.05 meters (10.0 ft) above the floor (except possibly in youth
competition).

Basketball courts have a three-point arc at both baskets. A basket made from behind this arc
is worth three points; a basket made from within this line, or with a player's foot touching the
line, is worth 2 points. The free-throw line, where one stands while taking a foul shot, is
located within the three-point arc at 15 feet from the plane of the backboard. A foul shot is
worth 1 point, but if a shot is made from the foul line while in play it is still worth 2 points.

SKILLS IN BASKETBALL

1. DRIBBLING
Dribbling is the act of moving the ball across the floor by a player. If a player walks around
the court with the ball, it is considered a traveling violation.

TYPES OF DRIBBLING
1 High Bounce
The high dribble is used when you are trying to move the ball up the court very quickly.
Typically, you will see high dribbles after steals and during fast-break opportunities. To
execute a high dribble, keep you torso erect and push the top of the ball forward, well ahead
of your body. The bounce of the ball should reach anywhere from between your upper thigh
to slightly above your waist.

2. Change of Pace
A change of pace dribble is used to cause your defender to lose his balance as you move the
ball forward with a high dribble. The change of pace occurs when you slow your momentum
moving the ball forward and relax your torso. The defender, thinking you are slowing down,
goes back on his heels. You rapidly accelerate past him.

3. Crossover
Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
If your defender is making a strong attempt to prevent you from going right or left, using a
crossover dribble can be effective. For example, if your defender is trying to prevent you
from going to your right, you would perform a crossover dribble to your left. To do so, flick
the ball across your body from your right hand to your left hand, while simultaneously
moving your right foot across your body to your left. It is important to keep your body low;
your dribble should be no higher than your knees. Accelerate past your defender by pushing
off with your left foot.

4. Between-the-Legs
The between-the-legs dribble is used to go past a defender who is overplaying you. If you are
going left, begin with rapid low dribbles with your right hand. Take a deep step forward with
your left foot and flick the ball through your legs to your left hand. Keep your body low as
you move forward to your left.

5. Behind-the-Back
If you want to change directions while keeping a good view of the entire court, a behind-the-
back dribble can be effective. If you want to move to your left, begin dribbling with your
right hand. To execute this dribble, you need to place your hand on the side of the ball. Step
forward with your left foot while simultaneously wrapping the ball behind your back, across
the back of your thighs, and flick the ball toward your left hand. Be sure to plant your right
foot before stepping forward with your left foot.

2. SHOOTING
Shooting is scoring points for the team. Even if a player makes a layup or a three-pointer, the
act of shooting or trying to score the basketball is the same.

TYPES OF SHOOTING

1. Jump Shot
A jump shot is most frequently used for a mid to long- range shots, including shooting
beyond the arc.

To achieve balance when facing the basket for a jump shot, you have to take a wide stance,
usually, shoulder width apart, bend your knees and square your shoulders.

2. Hook Shot
A hook shot is when the shot is made while your body is not directly facing the basket.

To execute a hook shot, you need to face the basket sideways so that your shooting hand
dribbling the ball is facing away from the basket. This is also the stance to help guard the ball
against your opponent. This makes it difficult for your opponent to try to block the shot due
to the distance created between you and your defender.

3. Bank Shot
A bank shot is when any shot made where the ball hits the backboard before heading into the
net.

To execute a bank shot, treat it as though you're taking a jump shot but this time, aim slightly
higher by shooting for the backboard.
Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
4. Free Throw
A free throw is a shot attempt given to a player that was fouled and it is taken on the free
throw line. The player must stay behind the free throw line when taking the shot.

Before attempting to shoot, one must maintain their balance. Find the nail or dot in the
middle of the free throw line and line your shooting foot against it. For right-handed shooters,
the shooting foot will be the right foot and vice versa.

5. Layup
A layup is a shot made from short range by a player moving towards the basket. Usually
utilizing the backboard if he approaches the hoop from an angle. This is also one of the most
basic and common ways of scoring a basket in the game.

To execute a layup, dribble the ball towards the basket. If you're on the right flank, dribble
the ball with your right hand.

3. PASSING
Passing is another way to move the ball around the court. A team with strong passers may
generate more scoring opportunities, allowing them to win more games and score more
points.

TYPES OF PASSING

1. CHEST PASS
The chest pass is named so because the pass originates from the chest. It is thrown by
gripping the ball on the sides with the thumbs directly behind the ball. When the pass is
thrown, the fingers are rotated behind the ball and the thumbs are turned down. The resulting
follow through has the back of the hands facing one another with the thumbs straight down.
The ball should have a nice backspin. When throwing a chest pass, the players should strive
to throw it to the receiver's chest level. Passes that go low to high or high to low are difficult
to catch.

2. BOUNCE PASS
The bounce pass is thrown with the same motion, however, it is aimed at the floor. It should
be thrown far enough out that the ball bounces waist high to the receiver. Some say try to
throw it 3/4 of the way to the receiver, and that may be a good reference point to start, but
each player has to experiment how far to throw it so it bounces to the receiver properly.
Putting a proper and consistent backspin on the pass will make the distance easier to judge.

3. OVERHEAD PASS
The overhead pass is often used as an outlet pass. Bring the ball directly above your forehead
with both hands on the side of the ball and follow through. Aim for the teammate's chin.
Some coaches advise not bring the ball behind your head, because it can get stolen, and it
takes a split-second longer to throw the pass.

4. BASEBALL PASS
A baseball pass is a one-handed pass that uses the same motion as a baseball throw. This is
often used to make long passes. Be careful with young kids. You don't want them to throw
their arms out.
Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
5. BEHIND-THE-BACK PASS
A behind-the-back pass is when you wrap the ball around your back to throw the ball. It is
used to avoid the defender when making a pass across the front of you would be risky. It can
also be used to throw the ball to a player trailing on the fast break.

BASIC RULES IN BASKETBALL

What Are the Rules of Basketball?

Dr. James Naismith invented the game of basketball in Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1891.
The objective of today's game stems directly from Naismith's original rules that are based
around shooting a ball through a metal hoop suspended above the ground, which is called a
basket. These rules include;

1. Only five players per team on the court. In the NBA, WNBA, and NCAA basketball, each
team can play a maximum number of five players on the court. If a team breaks this main
rule, they will lose possession of the ball. Sometimes this inadvertently happens, particularly
at low levels of the game, when substitute players check into the game and others don't leave
the court in time.

2. Score more than your opponent to win. To win the game, a team must score more field
goals than the other team. A field goal refers to any basket a player scores during game play.
Field goals can be worth two or three points. Field goals shot from inside the arc that
designates the three-point line on the court are worth two points. Field goals shot from
outside the arc are worth three points. Field goals can take the form of jump shots, layups,
slam dunks, and tip-ins.

3. Score within the shot clock. Teams have a limited amount of time to shoot the ball during a
given possession. In the NBA and WNBA, teams are allowed 24 seconds of possession
before they must shoot, while NCAA teams are allowed 30 seconds. A shot clock mounted
above the hoop on each side of the court displays and counts down the time allotted. If the
shot clock elapses, the opposing team forfeits the ball and becomes the defensive team.

4. Dribbling advances the ball. Basketball players may only advance the ball by passing or
dribbling (bouncing the ball on the floor) as they move up and down the court. If a player
stops dribbling, they may not resume; instead, they must pass the ball or shoot it. If an
offensive player with possession of the ball stops then continues dribbling before passing or
shooting, the referee will call a "double dribble," and the opposing team gets the ball.
Additionally, players may only advance the ball by dribbling it. If they run while holding the
ball, they are traveling. Referees will issue a traveling call, and possession of the ball will go
to the opposing team.

5.The offense has five seconds to inbound the ball. After the offense scores a basket, the
opposing team receives possession of the ball. One of their players has to inbound the ball
from a designated spot on the sidelines of the court to resume game play. The player has five
seconds to pass the ball to another player on his team, or else the team loses possession. The
defender cannot contact the ball when the offensive player is trying to inbound it, or the
referee can issue a technical foul.
Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
6. The offense must advance the ball. Once an offensive team advances the ball past the half-
court line, the ball handler may not cross that line again, or a referee will award possession of
the ball to the opposing team.

7. Ball and ball handler must remain inbounds. During game play, the player with possession
of the ball must stay within the designated inbound lines marked on the court. If a player
steps out of bounds or touches this line with their foot while holding the ball, the referee will
award possession to the opposing team. Additionally, if a player shoots the ball while their
foot is touching the line and the shot is successful, it will not count.

8. Defenders can't interfere with a shot on a downward trajectory. After the offensive player
shoots the ball, it is illegal for a defensive player to interfere with it once it begins its descent
toward the rim. This interference is called a goal tend and will result in an automatic field
goal for the offense.

9. Defenders can legally block or steal the ball. The defending team's goal is to prevent the
offensive team from scoring by either stealing the ball, blocking the ball from entering the
basket, or using defensive tactics to prevent an offensive player from shooting and scoring.

10. Defenders must leave the paint after three seconds. The area directly in front of the basket
is sometimes referred to as "the paint" or "inside the key." Offensive players may not camp
out in this area waiting for the ball or an offensive rebound. Any individual player can spend
a maximum of three seconds at a time in the space before they have to move. Once they step
out of the paint, they can return. If the referee notices a player hovering in the paint for over
three seconds, the team will receive a three-second violation.

11. Each team is allotted a certain number of fouls. The NBA allows each team a total of five
fouls per quarter. Once a team surpasses this allotment, they go "into the bonus," which
means the officials will award the opposing team with free throws for every additional foul
that a player commits in that quarter of play. In the NCAA, these foul shots are known as
"one and one" shots, which means that if a player makes the first free throw, they receive a
second free throw. If they miss the first free throw, either team can rebound the errant shot
and claim possession. After 10 team fouls, the opposing team gets a "double bonus," which
means they get to take two foul shots.

12. Illegal contact results in a foul. When a basketball player commits illegal physical contact
against an opposing player, the referees will call a personal foul. Most player fouls involve
contact that impedes an opposing player's game play. When a player fouls another player on
an opposing team in the act of shooting, the referee rewards the fouled player with unguarded
free throws from the foul line. Each successfully made free throw counts for one point.
Referees can assess coaches with fouls for unsportsmanlike acts, such as using profanity to
dispute a missed call.

13. Illegal contact results in a personal foul. A personal foul is an infraction that violates the
rules of the game. Players can incur personal fouls by pushing, blocking, or striking another
player in the act of shooting. Shooting fouls result in free throw attempts for the fouled
player. If a defender fouls a shooter attempting a two-point shot, the shooter will receive two
free throws. If a shooter is fouled during a three-point shot attempt, they will receive three

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
free throws. If the player makes the shot they were attempting at the time of illegal contact,
the basket counts, and the shooter will receive one free throw.

14. Excessive contact results in a flagrant foul. Flagrant fouls refer to a personal foul that can
potentially injure the opponent. These fouls carry heavier penalties, such as fines, immediate
ejection, and even suspension. There are two types of flagrant fouls: flagrant foul -penalty (1)
and flagrant foul - penalty (2)
Flagrant 1 refers to fouls involving unnecessary contact. The penalty for this foul type is a
free throw for the opponent and possession of the ball. Flagrant 2 refers to any foul involving
unnecessary and excessive contact. Officials perform an instant. play review to determine if
an act qualifies for the flagrant 2 penalty. If it does, the player at fault is assessed a fine and
an automatic ejection from the game, and the opposing team receives free throws and
possession of the ball.

15. Charges and illegal screens result in an offensive foul. An offensive foul is a personal foul
that offensive players commit when their team possesses the ball. The two most common
offensive fouls are charging and illegal ball screens. Charging is when an offensive player
makes contact with a defensive player who has planted their feet in a locked position. An
illegal screen is when a non-ball-handling offensive player moves while setting a screen for
their teammate to prevent the defender from moving about the court.

16. Certain rule violations result in technical fouls. A technical foul is a penalty for violating
the game's administrative rules. Officials commonly assess technical fouls for fighting and
verbal abuse, often assessing coaches with this penalty if they are too abrasive when
disputing a call. Technical fouls result in a free throw and a change of possession. If a player
or coach receives two technical fouls in the same game, the referee will eject them. Players
with a long history of technical fouls risk suspension from the regular season and even
playoff games.

VI: Review Question and Practice Exercises

Activity #1
Answer the given questions:

1. Discuss the brief history of Basketball.

Activity #2
Answer the given questions:

Explain the following skills needed in playing Basketball

1. Dribbling
2. Shooting
3. Passing

Practice Exercises #1 PASSING

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
 Test Items – Proper Passing Mistakes/Remarks
Test #1 – Chest Pass
Test #2 – Bounce Pass
Test #3 – Overhead Pass
Test #4 – Baseball Pass
Test #5 – Behind-the-Back Pass

Practice Exercises #2 DRIBBLING

Test Items – Proper Dribbling Mistakes/Remarks

Test #1 – High Bounce Dribble
Test #2 – Change of Pace Dribble
Test #3 – Cross Over
Test #4 – Between the Legs
Test #5 – Behind the Back

Practice Exercises #3 SHOOTING

Test Items – Proper Shooting Mistakes/Remarks

Test #1 – Jump Shot
Test #2 – Hook Shot
Test #3 – Bank Shot
Test #4 – Free Throw
Test #5 – Lay-up

VII. References:

Physical Activity Towards health and Fitness MINDSHAPE Co., INC. Rm.108, Corporate
Plaza Bldg., Recoletos St., Intramuros, Manila, COPYRIGHT 2023

Physical Activity Towards health and Fitness MINDSHAPE Co., INC. Rm.108, ICP Bldg.,
Recoletos St., Intramuros, Manila, COPYRIGHT 2019

Andin, Carmen Tabije, Sports Education, Nayak Teaching Physical Education in Philippine
School

Manto and Mayor, MAPEH Music Art Physical Education and Health, MET Review
Publishing 2015

Murray R. (1992). Nutrition for the Marathon and other Endurance

Punzalan, M. Physical Education 1 Movement Enhancement

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.
INTERNET SOURCES
Basketball
https://www.sportsrec.com/7937935/types-of-dribbles-in- basketball

https://www.myactivesg.com/sports/basketball/training-methods/
basketball-for-beginners/the-different-types-of-basketball- scoring-shots

https://www.usab.com/youth/news/2010/04/basketball-101- fundamentals-of-passing.aspx

https://www.masterclass.com/articles/basketball-rules-explained

https://hoopheadspod.com/a-brief-history-of-basketball/sportsmatik.com/sports-corner/sports-
knowhow/basketball/ about.stacknj.com/2021/07/25/

https://basketballhq.com/basketball-drills

Https://www.google.com/search?
q=OFFICIATING+BASKETABLL&tbmisch&ved=2ahUKEwijtarM2tz7AhWrJaYKHaOO
DPsQ2-CegQIABAA&0q-OFFICIATING+BASKETABLL&gs _Icp

Prepared by:
Eirelle Chastine M. Dale, RCRIM.
Justmin Delos Santos-Malicdem, LPT, MAEd.