Algebra 2 Answers

Question ID f75bd744
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty
SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables
ID: f75bd744
In the given system of equations, is a constant. If the system has no solution, what is the value of ?
ID: f75bd744 Answer

Correct Answer: 8
Rationale
The correct answer is 8. The given system of equations can be solved using the elimination method. Multiplying both
sides of the second equation in the given system by -2 yields -2𝑡𝑦 = - 1 - 4𝑥, or -1 - 4𝑥 = - 2𝑡𝑦. Adding this equation to the
first equation in the given system, 4𝑥 - 6𝑦 = 10𝑦 + 2, yields 4𝑥 - 6𝑦 + -1 - 4𝑥 = 10𝑦 + 2 + -2𝑡𝑦, or -1 - 6𝑦 = 10𝑦 - 2𝑡𝑦 + 2.
Subtracting 10𝑦 from both sides of this equation yields -1 - 6𝑦 - 10𝑦 = 10𝑦 - 2𝑡𝑦 + 2 - 10𝑦, or -1 - 16𝑦 = - 2𝑡𝑦 + 2. If the given
system has no solution, then the equation -1 - 16𝑦 = - 2𝑡𝑦 + 2 has no solution. If this equation has no solution, the
coefficients of 𝑦 on each side of the equation, -16 and -2𝑡, must be equal, which yields the equation -16 = - 2𝑡. Dividing
both sides of this equation by -2 yields 8 = 𝑡. Thus, if the system has no solution, the value of 𝑡 is 8.
Alternate approach: A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the lines represented by
the equations in the xy-plane are parallel and distinct. Lines represented by equations in the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶, where 𝐴, 𝐵,
and 𝐶 are constant terms, are parallel if the ratio of the x-coefficients is equal to the ratio of the y-coefficients, and
distinct if the ratio of the x-coefficients are not equal to the ratio of the constant terms. Subtracting 10𝑦 from both sides
of the first equation in the given system yields 4𝑥 - 6𝑦 - 10𝑦 = 10𝑦 + 2 - 10𝑦, or 4𝑥 - 16𝑦 = 2. Subtracting 2𝑥 from both sides
of the second equation in the given system yields 𝑡𝑦 - 2𝑥 = 12 + 2𝑥 - 2𝑥, or -2𝑥 + 𝑡𝑦 = 12 . The ratio of the x-coefficients for
these equations is - 24 , or - 12 . The ratio of the y-coefficients for these equations is - 16𝑡 . The ratio of the constant terms for
1
these equations is 22 , or 14 . Since the ratio of the x-coefficients, - 12 , is not equal to the ratio of the constants, 14 , the lines
represented by the equations are distinct. Setting the ratio of the x-coefficients equal to the ratio of the y-coefficients
yields - 12 = - 16𝑡 . Multiplying both sides of this equation by -16 yields - 12 -16 = - 16𝑡 -16, or 𝑡 = 8. Therefore, when 𝑡 = 8, the lines
represented by these equations are parallel. Thus, if the system has no solution, the value of 𝑡 is 8.
Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d0e614a6
SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables
ID: d0e614a6
Which table gives three values of and their corresponding values of for the given equation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: d0e614a6 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. Each of the tables gives the same three values of 𝑥: 1, 2, and 4. Substituting 1 for 𝑥 in the given
equation yields 35 1 + 34 𝑦 = 7, or 3
5 + 34 𝑦 =
5 . Subtracting 5 from both sides of this equation yields 4 𝑦 = 5 . Multiplying both
35 3 3 32
sides of this equation by 43 yields 𝑦 = 12815 . Therefore, when 𝑥 = 1, the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given equation is 15 .
128
Substituting 2 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 35 2 + 34 𝑦 = 7, or 65 + 34 𝑦 = 35 6

5 . Subtracting 5 from both sides of this equation
yields 34 𝑦 = 29
5 . Multiplying both sides of this equation by 3 yields 𝑦 = 15 . Therefore, when 𝑥 = 2, the corresponding value of
4 116
𝑦 for the given equation is 11615 . Substituting 4 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 5 4 + 4 𝑦 = 7, or 5 + 4 𝑦 = 5 . Subtracting 5
3 3 12 3 35 12
from both sides of this equation yields 34 𝑦 = 23 5 . Multiplying both sides of this equation by 3 yields 𝑦 = 15 . Therefore, when
4 92
𝑥 = 4, the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given equation is 92 15 . The table in choice D gives x-values of 1, 2, and 4 and
corresponding y-values of 15 , 15 , and 15 , respectively. Therefore, the table in choice D gives three values of 𝑥 and their
128 116 92
corresponding values of 𝑦 for the given equation.
Choice A is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation 35 𝑥 + 34 + 𝑦 = 7.
Choice B is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation 35 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 10.
Choice C is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation 35 𝑥 + 34 𝑦 = 8.

Question ID b3abf40f
SAT Math Algebra Linear functions
ID: b3abf40f
The function gives the temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, that corresponds to a temperature of kelvins. If a
temperature increased by kelvins, by how much did the temperature increase, in degrees Fahrenheit?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: b3abf40f Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It’s given that the function 𝐹𝑥 = 95 𝑥 - 273.15 + 32 gives the temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, that
corresponds to a temperature of 𝑥 kelvins. A temperature that increased by 9.10 kelvins means that the value of 𝑥
increased by 9.10 kelvins. It follows that an increase in 𝑥 by 9.10 increases 𝐹(𝑥) by 95 9.10, or 16.38. Therefore, if a
temperature increased by 9.10 kelvins, the temperature increased by 16.38 degrees Fahrenheit.
Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.
Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.
Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question ID 1c29bfd1
ID: 1c29bfd1
The pressure exerted on a scuba diver at sea level is . For each foot the scuba
diver descends below sea level, the pressure exerted on the scuba diver increases by . What is the total
pressure, in , exerted on the scuba diver at feet below sea level?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 1c29bfd1 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It's given that the pressure exerted on a scuba diver at sea level is
14.70 pounds per square inch psi. It's also given that for each foot the scuba diver descends below sea level, the
pressure exerted on the scuba diver increases by 0.44 psi. The total pressure, in psi, exerted on the scuba diver at 𝑥 feet
below sea level can be represented by the expression 0.44𝑥 + 14.70. Substituting 105 for 𝑥 in this expression yields
0.44(105) + 14.70, or 60.90. Therefore, the total pressure exerted on the scuba diver at 105 feet below sea level is
60.90 psi.
Choice C is incorrect. This is the pressure, in psi, exerted on the scuba diver at sea level, not at 105 feet below sea level.
Choice D is incorrect. This is the rate by which the pressure, in psi, exerted on the scuba diver increases for each foot the
scuba diver descends below sea level.
Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID dd875c97
SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables
ID: dd875c97
A truck can haul a maximum weight of pounds. During one trip, the truck will be used to haul a -pound piece of
equipment as well as several crates. Some of these crates weigh pounds each and the others weigh pounds each.
Which inequality represents the possible combinations of the number of -pound crates, , and the number of -
pound crates, , the truck can haul during one trip if only the piece of equipment and the crates are being hauled?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: dd875c97 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It's given that a truck can haul a maximum of 5,630 pounds. It's also given that during one trip, the
truck will be used to haul a 190-pound piece of equipment as well as several crates. It follows that the truck can haul at
most 5,630 - 190, or 5,440, pounds of crates. Since 𝑥 represents the number of 25-pound crates, the expression 25𝑥
represents the weight of the 25-pound crates. Since 𝑦 represents the number of 62-pound crates, 62𝑦 represents the
weight of the 62-pound crates. Therefore, 25𝑥 + 62𝑦 represents the total weight of the crates the truck can haul. Since the
truck can haul at most 5,440 pounds of crates, the total weight of the crates must be less than or equal to 5,440 pounds,
or 25𝑥 + 62𝑦 ≤ 5,440.
Choice B is incorrect. This represents the possible combinations of the number of 25-pound crates, 𝑥, and the number of
62-pound crates, 𝑦, the truck can haul during one trip if it can haul a minimum, not a maximum, of 5,630 pounds.
Choice C is incorrect. This represents the possible combinations of the number of 62-pound crates, 𝑥, and the number of
25-pound crates, 𝑦, the truck can haul during one trip if only crates are being hauled.
Choice D is incorrect. This represents the possible combinations of the number of 62-pound crates, 𝑥, and the number of
25-pound crates, 𝑦, the truck can haul during one trip if it can haul a minimum, not a maximum, weight of 5,630 pounds
and only crates are being hauled.

Question ID 6e6a3241

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 6e6a3241
Which of the following graphs in the xy-plane could be used to

solve the system of equations above?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 6e6a3241 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. The graph of a system of equations is the graph that shows the lines represented by each of the
equations in the system. The x-intercept of the graph of each given equation can be found by substituting 0 for y in each
equation: , or , and , or . The y-intercept of the graph of each equation can be
found by substituting 0 for x in each equation: , or , and or . Using these x- and y-
intercept values, the line that has equation passes through the points and , and the line that has
equation passes through the points and . Only the lines in choice C pass through these points
and can be used to solve the given system of equations.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. In choices A and B, neither line passes through and or and . In
choice D, although one line passes through and the other line doesn’t pass through and .

Question ID e6cb2402

one variable
ID: e6cb2402
In the given equation, is a constant. The equation has no solution. What is the value of ?
ID: e6cb2402 Answer

Correct Answer: .9411, .9412, 16/17
Rationale
The correct answer is 16 . It's given that the equation 3𝑘𝑥 + 13 = 48 𝑥 + 36 has no solution. A linear equation in the form
17 17
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 = 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑, where 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, and 𝑑 are constants, has no solution only when the coefficients of 𝑥 on each side of the
equation are equal and the constant terms aren't equal. Dividing both sides of the given equation by 3 yields
𝑘𝑥 + 13 = 48 𝑥
51
+ 36
3
, or 𝑘𝑥 + 13 = 16 𝑥
17
+ 12. Since the coefficients of 𝑥 on each side of the equation must be equal, it follows
that the value of 𝑘 is 16 .
17
Note that 16/17, .9411, .9412, and 0.941 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question ID e470e19d
ID: e470e19d
The function is defined by . What is the x-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: e470e19d Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. The given function 𝑓 is a linear function. Therefore, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane has one x-
intercept at the point 𝑘, 0, where 𝑘 is a constant. Substituting 0 for 𝑓𝑥 and 𝑘 for 𝑥 in the given function yields 0 = 7𝑘 - 84.
Adding 84 to both sides of this equation yields 84 = 7𝑘. Dividing both sides of this equation by 7 yields 12 = 𝑘. Therefore,
the x-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane is 12, 0.
Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question ID f7e39fe9
ID: f7e39fe9
The table shows four values of and their corresponding values of . There is a linear relationship between and
that is defined by the equation , where is a constant. What is the value of ?
ID: f7e39fe9 Answer

Correct Answer: 11
Rationale
The correct answer is 11. It's given that 𝑓𝑥 is defined by the equation 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 - 28, where 𝑚 is a constant. It's also given in
the table that when 𝑥 = 10, 𝑓𝑥 = 82. Substituting 10 for 𝑥 and 82 for 𝑓𝑥 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 - 28 yields, 82 = 𝑚10 - 28.
Adding 28 to both sides of this equation yields 110 = 10𝑚. Dividing both sides of this equation by 10 yields 11 = 𝑚
. Therefore, the value of 𝑚 is 11.

Question ID 415ab1d2
ID: 415ab1d2
The graph of the linear function is shown. If and are positive constants, which equation could define
?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 415ab1d2 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It’s given that the graph of the linear function 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 + 19 is shown. This means that the graph of
𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 + 19 can be translated down 19 units to create the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 and the y-coordinate of every point on the graph
of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 + 19 can be decreased by 19 to find the resulting point on the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥. The y-intercept of the graph of
𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 + 19 is 0, 3. Translating the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 + 19 down 19 units results in a y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 at the
point 0, 3 - 19, or 0, - 16. The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 + 19 slants down from left to right, so the slope of the graph is negative. The
translation of a linear graph changes its position, but does not change its slope. It follows that the slope of the graph of
𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 is also negative. The equation of a linear function 𝑓 can be written in the form 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑏 + 𝑚𝑥, where 𝑏 is the y-coordinate
of the y-intercept and 𝑚 is the slope of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥. It's given that 𝑐 and 𝑑 are positive constants. Since the y-
coordinate of the y-intercept and the slope of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 are both negative, it follows that 𝑓𝑥 = - 𝑑 - 𝑐𝑥 could define 𝑓
.
Choice B is incorrect. This could define a linear function where its graph has a positive, not negative, y-intercept.
Choice C is incorrect. This could define a linear function where its graph has a positive, not negative, slope.
Choice D is incorrect. This could define a linear function where its graph has a positive, not negative, y-intercept and a
positive, not negative, slope.

Question ID f5929f7a

linear equations in
two variables
ID: f5929f7a
The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: f5929f7a Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It's given by the first equation in the system that 𝑦 = - 19 𝑥. Substituting - 19 𝑥 for 𝑦 in the second equation
in the system yields - 19 𝑥 = 12 𝑥. Multiplying the left-hand side of this equation by 22 and the right-hand side by 99 yields
2𝑥=
- 18 9 𝑥. Adding 2𝑥 to both sides of this equation yields 0 = 11 𝑥. Multiplying both sides of this equation by 18 yields
18 18 18 11
𝑥 = 0.

Question ID 6c71f3ec

in one or two
variables
ID: 6c71f3ec
A salesperson’s total earnings consist of a base salary of dollars per year, plus commission earnings of of the
total sales the salesperson makes during the year. This year, the salesperson has a goal for the total earnings to be at
least times and at most times the base salary. Which of the following inequalities represents all possible values of
total sales , in dollars, the salesperson can make this year in order to meet that goal?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 6c71f3ec Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. It’s given that a salesperson's total earnings consist of a base salary of 𝑥 dollars per year plus
commission earnings of 11% of the total sales the salesperson makes during the year. If the salesperson makes 𝑠 dollars
in total sales this year, the salesperson’s total earnings can be represented by the expression 𝑥 + 0.11𝑠. It’s also given that
the salesperson has a goal for the total earnings to be at least 3 times and at most 4 times the base salary, which can be
represented by the expressions 3𝑥 and 4𝑥, respectively. Therefore, this situation can be represented by the inequality
3𝑥 ≤ 𝑥 + 0.11𝑠 ≤ 4𝑥. Subtracting 𝑥 from each part of this inequality yields 2𝑥 ≤ 0.11𝑠 ≤ 3𝑥. Dividing each part of this
2 𝑥 ≤ 𝑠 ≤ 3 𝑥. Therefore, the inequality 2 𝑥 ≤ 𝑠 ≤ 3 𝑥 represents all possible values of total
inequality by 0.11 yields 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11
sales 𝑠, in dollars, the salesperson can make this year in order to meet their goal.
Choice A is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation in which the total sales, rather than the total earnings, are at
least 2 times and at most 3 times, rather than at least 3 times and at most 4 times, the base salary.
Choice C is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation in which the total sales, rather than the total earnings, are at
least 3 times and at most 4 times the base salary.
Choice D is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation in which the total earnings are at least 4 times and at most 5
times, rather than at least 3 times and at most 4 times, the base salary.

Question ID 9aaf7786

two variables
ID: 9aaf7786
In the xy-plane, line has a slope of and an x-intercept of . What is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of line
?
ID: 9aaf7786 Answer

Correct Answer: -10
Rationale
The correct answer is -10. A line in the xy-plane can be represented by the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of the
line and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. It's given that line 𝑝 has a slope of - 53 . Therefore, 𝑚 = - 53 . It's also given
that line 𝑝 has an x-intercept of -6, 0. Therefore, when 𝑥 = - 6, 𝑦 = 0. Substituting - 53 for 𝑚, -6 for 𝑥, and 0 for 𝑦 in the
equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 0 = - 53 -6 + 𝑏, which is equivalent to 0 = 10 + 𝑏. Subtracting 10 from both sides of this equation
yields -10 = 𝑏. Therefore, the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of line 𝑝 is -10.

Question ID 5cf1bbc9
ID: 5cf1bbc9
The graph of the function , where , gives the total cost , in dollars, for a certain video game system and
games. What is the best interpretation of the slope of the graph in this context?
A. Each game costs .
B. The video game system costs .
C. The video game system costs .
D. Each game costs .
ID: 5cf1bbc9 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. The given graph is a line, and the slope of a line is defined as the change in the value of 𝑦 for each
increase in the value of 𝑥 by 1. It’s given that 𝑦 represents the total cost, in dollars, and that 𝑥 represents the number of
games. Therefore, the change in the value of 𝑦 for each increase in the value of 𝑥 by 1 represents the change in total cost,
in dollars, for each increase in the number of games by 1. In other words, the slope represents the cost, in dollars, per
game. The graph shows that when the value of 𝑥 increases from 0 to 1, the value of 𝑦 increases from 100 to 125. It
follows that the slope is 25, or the cost per game is $ 25. Thus, the best interpretation of the slope of the graph is that
each game costs $ 25.
Choice B is incorrect. This is an interpretation of the y-intercept of the graph rather than the slope of the graph.
Choice C is incorrect. The slope of the graph is the cost per game, not the cost of the video game system.
Choice D is incorrect. Each game costs $ 25, not $ 100.

Question ID 74c03c21

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 74c03c21
A bus traveled on the highway and on local roads to complete a trip of . The trip took . The bus
traveled at an average speed of on the highway and an average speed of on local
roads. If is the time, in hours, the bus traveled on the highway and is the time, in hours, it traveled on local roads,
which system of equations represents this situation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 74c03c21 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. If the bus traveled at an average speed of 55 miles per hour mph on the highway for 𝑥 hours,
then the bus traveled 55𝑥 miles on the highway. If the bus traveled at an average speed of 25 mph on local roads for 𝑦
hours, then the bus traveled 25𝑦 miles on local roads. It's given that the trip was 160 miles. This can be represented by
the equation 55𝑥 + 25𝑦 = 160. It's also given that the trip took 4 hours. This can be represented by the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 4.
Therefore, the system consisting of the equations 55𝑥 + 25𝑦 = 160 and 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 4 represents this situation.
Choice A is incorrect. This system of equations represents a situation where the trip was 4 miles and took 160 hours.
Choice C is incorrect. This system of equations represents a situation where the trip was 4 miles and took 160 hours, and
the bus traveled at an average speed of 25 mph on the highway and 55 mph on local roads.
Choice D is incorrect. This system of equations represents a situation where the bus traveled at an average speed of
25 mph on the highway and 55 mph on local roads.

Question ID 9c7741c6

two variables
ID: 9c7741c6
On a 210-mile trip, Cameron drove at an average speed of 60 miles per hour for
the first x hours. He then completed the trip, driving at an average speed of 50
miles per hour for the remaining y hours. If , what is the value of y ?
ID: 9c7741c6 Answer
Rationale
The correct answer is 3. It’s given that Cameron drove 60 miles per hour for x hours; therefore, the distance driven at this
speed can be represented by . He then drove 50 miles per hour for y hours; therefore, the distance driven at this
speed can be represented by . Since Cameron drove 210 total miles, the equation represents this
situation. If , substitution yields , or . Subtracting 60 from both sides of this
equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by 50 yields .

Question ID b988eeec
ID: b988eeec
The functions and are defined as and . If the function is defined as

, what is the x-coordinate of the x-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane?
ID: b988eeec Answer

Correct Answer: -12
Rationale
The correct answer is -12. It's given that the functions 𝑓 and 𝑔 are defined as 𝑓𝑥 = 14 𝑥 - 9 and 𝑔𝑥 = 34 𝑥 + 21. If the function ℎ is
defined as ℎ𝑥 = 𝑓𝑥 + 𝑔𝑥, then substituting 14 𝑥 - 9 for 𝑓𝑥 and 34 𝑥 + 21 for 𝑔𝑥 in this function yields ℎ𝑥 = 14 𝑥 - 9 + 34 𝑥 + 21. This can
be rewritten as ℎ𝑥 = 44 𝑥 + 12, or ℎ𝑥 = 𝑥 + 12. The x-intercept of a graph in the xy-plane is the point on the graph where 𝑦 = 0.
The equation representing the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 is 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 12. Substituting 0 for 𝑦 in this equation yields 0 = 𝑥 + 12.
Subtracting 12 from both sides of this equation yields -12 = 𝑥, or 𝑥 = - 12. Therefore, the x-coordinate of the x-intercept of
the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 in the xy-plane is -12.

Question ID 70feb725

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 70feb725
During a month, Morgan ran r miles at 5 miles per hour and biked b miles at
10 miles per hour. She ran and biked a total of 200 miles that month, and she
biked for twice as many hours as she ran. What is the total number of miles that
Morgan biked during the month?
A. 80
B. 100
C. 120
D. 160
ID: 70feb725 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. The number of hours Morgan spent running or biking can be calculated by dividing the distance she
traveled during that activity by her speed, in miles per hour, for that activity. So the number of hours she ran can be
represented by the expression , and the number of hours she biked can be represented by the expression . It’s
given that she biked for twice as many hours as she ran, so this can be represented by the equation , which
can be rewritten as . It’s also given that she ran r miles and biked b miles, and that she ran and biked a total of 200
miles. This can be represented by the equation . Substituting for b in this equation yields , or
. Solving for r yields . Determining the number of miles she biked, b, can be found by substituting 40 for r
in , which yields . Solving for b yields .
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they don’t satisfy that Morgan biked for twice as many hours as she ran. In
choice A, if she biked 80 miles, then she ran 120 miles, which means she biked for 8 hours and ran for 24 hours. In
choice B, if she biked 100 miles, then she ran 100 miles, which means she biked for 10 hours and ran for 20 hours. In
choice C, if she biked 120 miles, then she ran for 80 miles, which means she biked for 12 hours and ran for 16 hours.

Question ID 8a87c2c8

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 8a87c2c8
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 8a87c2c8 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. Adding the second equation in the given system to the first equation in the given system yields
𝑥 + 3 + 𝑥 - 3 = -2𝑦 + 5 + 2𝑦 + 7. Adding like terms in this equation yields 2𝑥 = 12. Thus, the value of 2𝑥 is 12.
Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑦, not 2𝑥. Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥, not 2𝑥.

Question ID 9a216c0f

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 9a216c0f
The combined original price for a mirror and a vase is . After a discount to the mirror and a discount to the
vase are applied, the combined sale price for the two items is . Which system of equations gives the original price ,
in dollars, of the mirror and the original price , in dollars, of the vase?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 9a216c0f Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It’s given that 𝑚 represents the original price, in dollars, of the mirror, and 𝑣 represents the original
price, in dollars, of the vase. It's also given that the combined original price for the mirror and the vase is $ 60. This can
be represented by the equation 𝑚 + 𝑣 = 60. After a 25% discount to the mirror is applied, the sale price of the mirror is
75% of its original price. This can be represented by the expression 0.75𝑚. After a 45% discount to the vase is applied,
the sale price of the vase is 55% of its original price. This can be represented by the expression 0.55𝑣. It’s given that the
combined sale price for the two items is $ 39. This can be represented by the equation 0.75𝑚 + 0.55𝑣 = 39. Therefore,
the system of equations consisting of the equations 𝑚 + 𝑣 = 60 and 0.75𝑚 + 0.55𝑣 = 39 gives the original price 𝑚, in
dollars, of the mirror and the original price 𝑣, in dollars, of the vase.
Choice A is incorrect. The second equation in this system of equations represents a 45% discount to the mirror and a
25% discount to the vase.
Choice B is incorrect. The second equation in this system of equations represents a 55% discount to the mirror and a
Choice D is incorrect. The second equation in this system of equations represents a 75% discount to the mirror and a

Question ID ed92fb68

linear equations in
two variables
ID: ed92fb68
If the system of equations above has solution ,

what is the value of ?
A. 0
B. 9
C. 18
D. 38
ID: ed92fb68 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. Adding the given equations yields 9x + 9y = 162. Dividing each side of the equation 9x + 9y = 162 by
9 gives x + y = 18.
Choice A is incorrect and may result from incorrectly adding the equations. Choice B is incorrect and may result from
conceptual or computational errors. Choice D is incorrect. This value is equivalent to y – x.

Question ID bbb0359a

two variables
ID: bbb0359a
The table shows three values of and their corresponding values of . Which equation represents the linear relationship
between and ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: bbb0359a Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. The linear relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦 can be represented by the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the
slope of the line in the xy-plane that represents the relationship, and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. The slope can
be computed using any two points on the line. The slope of a line between any two points, 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , on the line can
𝑦 -𝑦
be calculated using the slope formula, 𝑚 = 2 1
𝑥2 - 𝑥1 . In the given table, each value of 𝑥 and its corresponding value of 𝑦 can
be represented by a point 𝑥, 𝑦. In the given table, when the value of 𝑥 is 1, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 11 and when the
value of 𝑥 is 2, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 16. Therefore, the points 1, 11 and 2, 16 are on the line. Substituting 1, 11
and 2, 16 for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , respectively, in the slope formula yields 𝑚 = 162 -- 11
1 , or 𝑚 = 5. Substituting 5 for 𝑚 in the
equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 𝑏. Substituting the first value of 𝑥 in the table, 1, and its corresponding value of 𝑦, 11, for
𝑥 and 𝑦, respectively, in this equation yields 11 = 51 + 𝑏, or 11 = 𝑏 + 5. Subtracting 5 from both sides of this equation yields
6 = 𝑏. Substituting 6 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 6. Therefore, the equation 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 6 represents the
linear relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦.
Choice B is incorrect. For this relationship, when the value of 𝑥 is 1, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 16, not 11.
Choice C is incorrect. For this relationship, when the value of 𝑥 is 2, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 17, not 16.
Choice D is incorrect. For this relationship, when the value of 𝑥 is 1, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 17, not 11.

Question ID 1a621af4

in one or two
variables
ID: 1a621af4
A number is at most less than times the value of . If the value of is , what is the greatest possible value of ?
ID: 1a621af4 Answer

Correct Answer: -14
Rationale
The correct answer is -14. It's given that a number 𝑥 is at most 2 less than 3 times the value of 𝑦. Therefore, 𝑥 is less than
or equal to 2 less than 3 times the value of 𝑦. The expression 3𝑦 represents 3 times the value of 𝑦. The expression 3𝑦 - 2
represents 2 less than 3 times the value of 𝑦. Therefore, 𝑥 is less than or equal to 3𝑦 - 2. This can be shown by the
inequality 𝑥 ≤ 3𝑦 - 2. Substituting -4 for 𝑦 in this inequality yields 𝑥 ≤ 3-4 - 2 or, 𝑥 ≤ - 14. Therefore, if the value of 𝑦 is -4, the
greatest possible value of 𝑥 is -14.

Question ID 3e9eaffc
ID: 3e9eaffc
Caleb used juice to make popsicles. The function approximates the volume, in fluid ounces, of juice
Caleb had remaining after making popsicles. Which statement is the best interpretation of the y-intercept of the graph
of in the xy-plane in this context?
A. Caleb used approximately fluid ounces of juice for each popsicle.
B. Caleb had approximately fluid ounces of juice when he began to make the popsicles.
C. Caleb had approximately fluid ounces of juice when he began to make the popsicles.
D. Caleb used approximately fluid ounces of juice for each popsicle.
ID: 3e9eaffc Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. An equation that defines a linear function 𝑓 can be written in the form 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 represents
the slope and 𝑏 represents the y-intercept, 0, 𝑏, of the line of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane. The function 𝑓𝑥 = - 5𝑥 + 30 is linear.
Therefore, the graph of the given function 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane has a y-intercept of 0, 30. It’s given that 𝑓𝑥 gives the
approximate volume, in fluid ounces, of juice Caleb had remaining after making 𝑥 popsicles. It follows that the y-intercept
of 0, 30 means that Caleb had approximately 30 fluid ounces of juice remaining after making 0 popsicles. In other words,
Caleb had approximately 30 fluid ounces of juice when he began to make the popsicles.
Choice A is incorrect. This is an interpretation of the slope, rather than the y-intercept, of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-
plane.
Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors. Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question ID af2ba762
ID: af2ba762
According to data provided by the US Department of Energy, the average price per gallon of regular gasoline in the
United States from September 1, 2014, to December 1, 2014, is modeled by the function F defined below, where
is the average price per gallon x months after September 1.
The constant 2.74 in this function estimates which of the following?
A. The average monthly decrease in the price per gallon
B. The difference in the average price per gallon from September 1, 2014, to December 1, 2014
C. The average price per gallon on September 1, 2014
D. The average price per gallon on December 1, 2014
ID: af2ba762 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. Since 2.74 is a constant term, it represents an actual price of gas rather than a measure of change in
gas price. To determine what gas price it represents, find x such that F(x) = 2.74, or 2.74 = 2.74 – 0.19(x – 3). Subtracting
2.74 from both sides gives 0 = –0.19(x – 3). Dividing both sides by –0.19 results in 0 = x – 3, or x = 3. Therefore, the
average price of gas is $2.74 per gallon 3 months after September 1, 2014, which is December 1, 2014.
Choice A is incorrect. Since 2.74 is a constant, not a multiple of x, it cannot represent a rate of change in price. Choice B
is incorrect. The difference in the average price from September 1, 2014, to December 1, 2014, is F(3) – F(0) = 2.74 –
0.19(3 – 3) – (2.74 – 0.19(0 – 3)) = 2.74 – (2.74 + 0.57) = –0.57, which is not 2.74. Choice C is incorrect. The average
price per gallon on September 1, 2014, is F(0) = 2.74 – 0.19(0 – 3) = 2.74 + 0.57 = 3.31, which is not 2.74.

Question ID a775af14
ID: a775af14
In the xy-plane, the graph of the linear function contains the points and . Which equation defines , where
?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: a775af14 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. In the xy-plane, the graph of a linear function can be written in the form 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚
represents the slope and 0, 𝑏 represents the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥. It’s given that the graph of the linear
function 𝑓, where 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥, in the xy-plane contains the point 0, 2. Thus, 𝑏 = 2. The slope of the graph of a line containing any
𝑦 -𝑦
two points 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 can be found using the slope formula, 𝑚 = 𝑥22 - 𝑥11 . Since it’s given that the graph of the linear
function 𝑓 contains the points 0, 2 and 8, 34, it follows that the slope of the graph of the line containing these points is
𝑚= 34 - 2
8-0 , or 𝑚 = 4. Substituting 4 for 𝑚 and 2 for 𝑏 in 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑓𝑥 = 4𝑥 + 2.
Choice A is incorrect. This function represents a graph with a slope of 2 and a y-intercept of 0, 42.
Choice B is incorrect. This function represents a graph with a slope of 32 and a y-intercept of 0, 36.
Choice D is incorrect. This function represents a graph with a slope of 8 and a y-intercept of 0, 2.

Question ID 19fdf387

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 19fdf387
In the xy-plane, the graph of intersects the graph of at

the point . What is the value of a ?
A. 3
B. 6
C. 9
D. 12
ID: 19fdf387 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. Since the graph of intersects the graph of at the point , the ordered pair
is the solution to the system of linear equations consisting of and , and the value of a is the
value of x in the solution of this system. Since both and are equal to y, it follows that .
Subtracting x from and adding 6 to both sides of the equation yields . Therefore, the value of a is 9.
Choices A and B are incorrect and may result from a calculation or conceptual error in solving the system of equations
consisting of and . Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of b, not a.

Question ID 9551cd91
ID: 9551cd91
Number of cars Maximum number of passengers and crew
The table shows the linear relationship between the number of cars, , on a commuter train and the maximum number of
passengers and crew, , that the train can carry. Which equation represents the linear relationship between and ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 9551cd91 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It's given that there is a linear relationship between the number of cars, 𝑐, on a commuter train and
the maximum number of passengers and crew, 𝑝, that the train can carry. It follows that this relationship can be
represented by an equation of the form 𝑝 = 𝑚𝑐 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the rate of change of 𝑝 in this relationship and 𝑏 is a
constant. The rate of change of 𝑝 in this relationship can be calculated by dividing the difference in any two values of 𝑝 by
the difference in the corresponding values of 𝑐. Using two pairs of values given in the table, the rate of change of 𝑝 in this
relationship is 2845 -- 174
3
, or 55. Substituting 55 for 𝑚 in the equation 𝑝 = 𝑚𝑐 + 𝑏 yields 𝑝 = 55𝑐 + 𝑏. The value of 𝑏 can be
found by substituting any value of 𝑐 and its corresponding value of 𝑝 for 𝑐 and 𝑝, respectively, in this equation.
Substituting 10 for 𝑐 and 559 for 𝑝 yields 559 = 5510 + 𝑏, or 559 = 550 + 𝑏. Subtracting 550 from both sides of this
equation yields 9 = 𝑏. Substituting 9 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑝 = 55𝑐 + 𝑏 yields 𝑝 = 55𝑐 + 9. Subtracting 9 from both sides of
this equation yields 𝑝 - 9 = 55𝑐. Subtracting 𝑝 from both sides of this equation yields -9 = 55𝑐 - 𝑝, or 55𝑐 - 𝑝 = - 9.

Question ID b9835972

two variables
ID: b9835972
In the xy-plane, line 𝓁 passes through the point and is parallel to the line represented by the equation .
If line 𝓁 also passes through the point , what is the value of ?
ID: b9835972 Answer

Correct Answer: 24
Rationale
The correct answer is 24. A line in the xy-plane can be defined by the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of the line
and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the line. It's given that line 𝑙 passes through the point 0, 0. Therefore, the y-
coordinate of the y-intercept of line 𝑙 is 0. It's given that line 𝑙 is parallel to the line represented by the equation 𝑦 = 8𝑥 + 2.
Since parallel lines have the same slope, it follows that the slope of line 𝑙 is 8. Therefore, line 𝑙 can be defined by an
equation in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 = 8 and 𝑏 = 0. Substituting 8 for 𝑚 and 0 for 𝑏 in 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields the equation
𝑦 = 8𝑥 + 0, or 𝑦 = 8𝑥 . If line 𝑙 passes through the point 3, 𝑑, then when 𝑥 = 3, 𝑦 = 𝑑 for the equation 𝑦 = 8𝑥. Substituting 3 for
𝑥 and 𝑑 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = 8𝑥 yields 𝑑 = 83, or 𝑑 = 24.

Question ID ebd457f4
ID: ebd457f4
Brian saves of the he earns each week from his job. If Brian continues to save at this rate, how much money, in
dollars, will Brian save in weeks?
ID: ebd457f4 Answer

Correct Answer: 774
Rationale
The correct answer is 774. It's given that Brian saves 25 of the $ 215 he earns each week from his job. Therefore, Brian
saves 25 $ 215, or $ 86, per week. If Brian continues to save at this rate of $ 86 per week for 9 weeks, then he will save a
total of 986, or 774, dollars.

Question ID e0f59119

two variables
ID: e0f59119
What is the slope of the graph of in the xy-plane?
ID: e0f59119 Answer

Correct Answer: 14.66, 14.67, 44/3
Rationale
The correct answer is 443

. A linear equation can be written in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of the graph of the
equation in the xy-plane and 0, 𝑏 is the y-intercept. Distributing the 13 in the equation 𝑦 = 13 29𝑥 + 10 + 5𝑥 yields
𝑦 = 29
3
𝑥 + 10
3
+ 5𝑥. Combining like terms on the right-hand side of this equation yields 𝑦 = 44 3
𝑥 + 10
3
. This equation is in the
form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 = 3 and 𝑏 = 3 . Therefore, the slope of the graph of the given equation in the xy-plane is 44
44 10
3
.
Note that 44/3, 14.66, and 14.67 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question ID 6c5c2a81
ID: 6c5c2a81
For the linear function , the graph of in the xy-plane passes through the points and . Which
equation defines ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 6c5c2a81 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. It’s given that the graph of the linear function ℎ, where 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥, passes through the points 7, 21 and
9, 25 in the xy-plane. An equation defining ℎ can be written in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥, 𝑚 represents the slope of
the graph in the xy-plane, and 𝑏 represents the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph. The slope can be found using
𝑦 -𝑦
any two points, 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , and the formula 𝑚 = 𝑥22 - 𝑥11 . Substituting 7, 21 and 9, 25 for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , respectively, in
the slope formula yields 𝑚 = 259 -- 217 , which is equivalent to 𝑚 = 2 , or 𝑚 = 2. Substituting 2 for 𝑚 and 7, 21 for 𝑥, 𝑦 in the
4
equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 21 = 27 + 𝑏, or 21 = 14 + 𝑏. Subtracting 14 from each side of this equation yields 7 = 𝑏.

Substituting 2 for 𝑚 and 7 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 7. Since 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥, it follows that the equation that
defines ℎ is ℎ𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 7.
Choice A is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 in the xy-plane would pass through 7, 0, not 7, 21, and 9, 1, not
9, 25.
Choice C is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 in the xy-plane would pass through 7, 70, not 7, 21, and 9, 84,
not 9, 25.
Choice D is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 in the xy-plane would pass through 7, 88, not 7, 21, and 9, 106,
not 9, 25.

Question ID e1248a5c

linear equations in
two variables
ID: e1248a5c
In the system of equations below, a and c are constants.

If the system of equations has an infinite number of solutions , what is the
value of a ?
A.
B. 0
C.
D.
ID: e1248a5c Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. A system of two linear equations has infinitely many solutions if one equation is equivalent to the
other. This means that when the two equations are written in the same form, each coefficient or constant in one equation
is equal to the corresponding coefficient or constant in the other equation multiplied by the same number. The equations
in the given system of equations are written in the same form, with x and y on the left-hand side and a constant on the
right-hand side of the equation. The coefficient of y in the second equation is equal to the coefficient of y in the first
equation multiplied by 3. Therefore, a, the coefficient of x in the second equation, must be equal to 3 times the coefficient
of x in the first equation: , or .
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. When , , or , the given system of equations has one solution.

Question ID 05bb1af9

two variables
ID: 05bb1af9
The graph of is shown. Which equation defines function ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 05bb1af9 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. An equation for the graph shown can be written in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the
slope of the graph and its y-intercept is 0, 𝑏. Since the y-intercept of the graph shown is 0, 2, the value of 𝑏 is 2. Since the
graph also passes through the point 4, 1, the slope can be calculated as 14 -- 20 , or - 14 . Therefore, the value of 𝑚 is - 14 .
Substituting - 14 for 𝑚 and 2 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = - 14 𝑥 + 2. It’s given that an equation for the graph
shown is 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 + 14. Substituting 𝑓𝑥 + 14 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = - 14 𝑥 + 2 yields 𝑓𝑥 + 14 = - 14 𝑥 + 2. Subtracting 14 from
both sides of this equation yields 𝑓𝑥 = - 14 𝑥 - 12.

Question ID cc7ffe02

two variables
ID: cc7ffe02
Keenan made cups of vegetable broth. Keenan then filled small jars and large jars with all the vegetable broth he
made. The equation represents this situation. Which is the best interpretation of in this context?
A. The number of large jars Keenan filled
B. The number of small jars Keenan filled
C. The total number of cups of vegetable broth in the large jars
D. The total number of cups of vegetable broth in the small jars
ID: cc7ffe02 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It’s given that the equation 3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 32 represents the situation where Keenan filled 𝑥 small jars and 𝑦
large jars with all the vegetable broth he made, which was 32 cups. Therefore, 3𝑥 represents the total number of cups of
vegetable broth in the small jars and 5𝑦 represents the total number of cups of vegetable broth in the large jars.
Choice A is incorrect. The number of large jars Keenan filled is represented by 𝑦, not 5𝑦.
Choice B is incorrect. The number of small jars Keenan filled is represented by 𝑥, not 5𝑦.
Choice D is incorrect. The total number of cups of vegetable broth in the small jars is represented by 3𝑥, not 5𝑦.

Question ID dae126d7
ID: dae126d7
The boiling point of water at sea level is 212 degrees Fahrenheit . For every
550 feet above sea level, the boiling point of water is lowered by about .
Which of the following equations can be used to find the boiling point B of water,
in , x feet above sea level?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: dae126d7 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. It’s given that the boiling point of water at sea level is 212°F and that for every 550 feet above sea
level, the boiling point of water is lowered by about 1°F. Therefore, the change in the boiling point of water x feet above
sea level is represented by the expression . Adding this expression to the boiling point of water at sea level gives
the equation for the boiling point B of water, in °F, x feet above sea level: , or .
Choices A and B are incorrect and may result from using the boiling point of water at sea level as the rate of change and
the rate of change as the initial boiling point of water at sea level. Choice C is incorrect and may result from representing
the change in the boiling point of water as an increase rather than a decrease.

Question ID bf5f80c6

in one or two
variables
ID: bf5f80c6
Which point ( , ) is a solution to the given inequality in the -plane?
A. ( , )
B. ( , )
C. ( , )
D. ( , )
ID: bf5f80c6 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice D is correct. For a point 𝑥, 𝑦 to be a solution to the given inequality in the xy-plane, the value of the point’s y-
coordinate must be less than the value of -4𝑥 + 4, where 𝑥 is the value of the x-coordinate of the point. This is true of the
point -4, 0 because 0 < - 4-4 + 4, or 0 < 20. Therefore, the point -4, 0 is a solution to the given inequality.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. None of these points are a solution to the given inequality because each point’s y-
coordinate is greater than the value of -4𝑥 + 4 for the point’s x-coordinate.

Question ID ae2287e2

one variable
ID: ae2287e2
A certain product costs a company $65 to make. The product is sold by a

salesperson who earns a commission that is equal to 20% of the sales price of
the product. The profit the company makes for each unit is equal to the sales
price minus the combined cost of making the product and the commission. If
the sales price of the product is $100, which of the following equations gives the
number of units, u, of the product the company sold to make a profit of $6,840 ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: ae2287e2 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. The sales price of one unit of the product is given as $100. Because the salesperson is awarded a
commission equal to 20% of the sales price, the expression 100(1 – 0.2) gives the sales price of one unit after the
commission is deducted. It is also given that the profit is equal to the sales price minus the combined cost of making the
product, or $65, and the commission: 100(1 – 0.2) – 65. Multiplying this expression by u gives the profit of u units:
(100(1 – 0.2) – 65)u. Finally, it is given that the profit for u units is $6,840; therefore (100(1 – 0.2) – 65)u = $6,840.
Choice B is incorrect. In this equation, cost is subtracted before commission and the equation gives the commission, not
what the company retains after commission. Choice C is incorrect because the number of units is multiplied only by the
cost but not by the sale price. Choice D is incorrect because the value 0.2 shows the commission, not what the company
retains after commission.

Question ID 1362ccde

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 1362ccde
ID: 1362ccde Answer

Correct Answer: 35
Rationale
The correct answer is 35. The first equation in the given system of equations defines 𝑦 as 4𝑥 + 1. Substituting 4𝑥 + 1 for 𝑦
in the second equation in the given system of equations yields 44𝑥 + 1 = 15𝑥 - 8. Applying the distributive property on the
left-hand side of this equation yields 16𝑥 + 4 = 15𝑥 - 8. Subtracting 15𝑥 from each side of this equation yields 𝑥 + 4 = - 8.
Subtracting 4 from each side of this equation yields 𝑥 = - 12. Substituting -12 for 𝑥 in the first equation of the given
system of equations yields 𝑦 = 4-12 + 1, or 𝑦 = - 47. Substituting -12 for 𝑥 and -47 for 𝑦 into the expression 𝑥 - 𝑦 yields
-12 - -47, or 35.

Question ID 52cb8ea4

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 52cb8ea4
If is the solution to the system of equations above,

what is the value of ?
A.
B.
C. 5
D. 13
ID: 52cb8ea4 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. Subtracting the second equation, , from the first equation, , results in
, or . Combining like terms on the left-hand side of this equation
yields .
Choice A is incorrect and may result from miscalculating as . Choice C is incorrect and may result from
miscalculating as 5. Choice D is incorrect and may result from adding 9 to 4 instead of subtracting 9 from 4.

Question ID c307283c

two variables
ID: c307283c
What is an equation of the graph shown?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: c307283c Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. An equation of a line can be written in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of the line and 0, 𝑏 is
the y-intercept of the line. The line shown passes through the point 0, - 8, so 𝑏 = - 8. The line shown also passes through
the point -8, 0. The slope, 𝑚, of a line passing through two points 𝑥1 , 𝑦 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦 can be calculated using the equation
1 2
𝑦 -𝑦
𝑚 = 𝑥22 - 𝑥11 . For the points 0, - 8 and -8, 0, this gives 𝑚 = -8 - 0 , or 𝑚 = - 1. Substituting -8 for 𝑏 and -1 for 𝑚 in 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields
0 - -8
𝑦 = -1𝑥 + -8, or 𝑦 = - 𝑥 - 8. Therefore, an equation of the graph shown is 𝑦 = - 𝑥 - 8.
Choice A is incorrect. This is an equation of a line with a slope of -2, not -1.
Choice B is incorrect. This is an equation of a line with a slope of 1, not -1.
Choice D is incorrect. This is an equation of a line with a slope of 2, not -1.

Question ID a0489274

linear equations in
two variables
ID: a0489274
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: a0489274 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. It's given by the first equation in the system that 𝑦 = - 15 𝑥. Substituting - 15 𝑥 for 𝑦 in the second equation
in the system, 𝑦 = 17 𝑥, yields - 15 𝑥 = 17 𝑥. Adding - 15 𝑥 to both sides of this equation yields 0 = 17 𝑥 + 15 𝑥, which is equivalent to
5 𝑥 + 7 𝑥, or 0 = 12 𝑥. Multiplying both sides of this equation by 35 yields 0 = 𝑥. Therefore, the value of 𝑥 is 0.
0 = 35 35 35 12

Question ID 80da233d

in one or two
variables
ID: 80da233d
A certain elephant weighs 200 pounds at birth and gains more than 2 but less
than 3 pounds per day during its first year. Which of the following inequalities
represents all possible weights w, in pounds, for the elephant 365 days after
birth?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 80da233d Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. It’s given that the elephant weighs 200 pounds at birth and gains more than 2 pounds but less than 3
pounds per day during its first year. The inequality represents this situation, where d is the
number of days after birth. Substituting 365 for d in the inequality gives , or
.
Choice A is incorrect and may result from solving the inequality . Choice B is incorrect and may
result from solving the inequality for a weight range of more than 1 pound but less than 2 pounds:
. Choice C is incorrect and may result from calculating the possible weight gained by
the elephant during the first year without adding the 200 pounds the elephant weighed at birth.

Question ID 271f7e3f
ID: 271f7e3f
For the function f defined above, what is the

value of ?
A. 1
B. 2
C.
D.
ID: 271f7e3f Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. The value of can be calculated by finding the values of and . The value of
can be found by substituting 9 for x in the given function: . This equation can be rewritten as
, or 4. Then, the value of can be found by substituting 1 for x in the given function: . This equation
can be rewritten as , or 2. Therefore, , which is equivalent to 2.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect and may result from incorrectly substituting values of x in the given function or making
computational errors.

Question ID 70e29454

one variable
ID: 70e29454
In the equation above, a and b are constants. If the equation has infinitely many
solutions, what are the values of a and b ?
A. and
B. and
C. and
D. and
ID: 70e29454 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. Distributing the a on the left-hand side of the equation gives 3a – b – ax = –1 – 2x. Rearranging the
terms in each side of the equation yields –ax + 3a – b = –2x –1. Since the equation has infinitely many solutions, it
follows that the coefficients of x and the free terms on both sides must be equal. That is, –a = –2, or a = 2, and 3a – b =
–1. Substituting 2 for a in the equation 3a – b = –1 gives 3(2) – b = –1, so b = 7.
Choice A is incorrect and may be the result of a conceptual error when finding the value of b. Choices C and D are
incorrect and may result from making a sign error when simplifying.

Question ID 7866a908

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 7866a908
A sample of a certain alloy has a total mass of grams and is silicon by mass. The sample was created by
combining two pieces of different alloys. The first piece was silicon by mass and the second piece was
silicon by mass. What was the mass, in grams, of the silicon in the second piece?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 7866a908 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. Let 𝑥 represent the total mass, in grams, of the first piece, and let 𝑦 represent the total mass, in
grams, of the second piece. It's given that the sample has a total mass of 50.0 grams. Therefore, the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 50.0
represents this situation. It's also given that the sample is 50.0% silicon by mass. Therefore, the total mass of the silicon
in the sample is 0.50050.0, or 25.0, grams. It's also given that the first piece was 30.0% silicon by mass and the second
piece was 80.0% silicon by mass. Therefore, the masses, in grams, of the silicon in the first and second pieces can be
represented by the expressions 0.300𝑥 and 0.800𝑦, respectively. Since the sample was created by combining the first and
second pieces, and the total mass of the silicon in the sample is 25.0 grams, the equation 0.300𝑥 + 0.800𝑦 = 25.0
represents this situation. Subtracting 𝑦 from both sides of the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 50.0 yields 𝑥 = 50.0 - 𝑦. Substituting 50.0 - 𝑦
for 𝑥 in the equation 0.300𝑥 + 0.800𝑦 = 25.0 yields 0.30050.0 - 𝑦 + 0.800𝑦 = 25.0. Distributing 0.300 on the left-hand side of
this equation yields 15.0 - 0.300𝑦 + 0.800𝑦 = 25.0. Combining like terms on the left-hand side of this equation yields
15.0 + 0.500𝑦 = 25.0. Subtracting 15.0 from both sides of this equation yields 0.500𝑦 = 10.0. Dividing both sides of this
equation by 0.500 yields 𝑦 = 20.0. Substituting 20.0 for 𝑦 in the expression representing the mass, in grams, of the silicon
in the second piece, 0.800𝑦, yields 0.80020.0, or 16.0. Therefore, the mass, in grams, of the silicon in the second piece is
16.0.
Choice A is incorrect. This is the mass, in grams, of the silicon in the first piece, not the second piece.
Choice C is incorrect. This is the total mass, in grams, of the second piece, not the mass, in grams, of the silicon in the
second piece.
Choice D is incorrect. This is the total mass, in grams, of the first piece, not the mass, in grams, of the silicon in the
second piece.

Question ID 0b46bad5

two variables
ID: 0b46bad5
In the equation above, a and b are constants and . Which of the

following could represent the graph of the equation in the xy-plane?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 0b46bad5 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. The given equation can be rewritten in slope-intercept form, , where m
represents the slope of the line represented by the equation, and k represents the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the
line. Subtracting ax from both sides of the equation yields , and dividing both sides of this equation by b
yields , or . With the equation now in slope-intercept form, it shows that , which
means the y-coordinate of the y-intercept is 1. It’s given that a and b are both greater than 0 (positive) and that .
Since , the slope of the line must be a value between and 0. Choice C is the only graph of a line that has a
y-value of the y-intercept that is 1 and a slope that is between and 0.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the slopes of the lines in these graphs aren’t between and 0.
Question ID b31c3117

in one or two
variables
ID: b31c3117
The Karvonen formula above shows the relationship between Alice’s target heart
rate H, in beats per minute (bpm), and the intensity level p of different activities.
When , Alice has a resting heart rate. When , Alice has her maximum
heart rate. It is recommended that p be between 0.5 and 0.85 for Alice when she
trains. Which of the following inequalities describes Alice’s target training heart
rate?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: b31c3117 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. When Alice trains, it’s recommended that p be between 0.5 and 0.85. Therefore, her target training
heart rate is represented by the values of H corresponding to . When , , or
. When , , or . Therefore, the inequality that describes Alice’s target
training heart rate is .
Choice B is incorrect. This inequality describes Alice’s target heart rate for . Choice C is incorrect. This
inequality describes her target heart rate for . Choice D is incorrect. This inequality describes her target
heart rate for .

Question ID 7d5d1b32

one variable
ID: 7d5d1b32
In the given equation, and are constants and . The equation has no solution. What is the value of ?
ID: 7d5d1b32 Answer

Correct Answer: -.9333, -14/15
Rationale
The correct answer is - 14 15

. A linear equation in the form 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 = 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑 has no solution only when the coefficients of 𝑥 on
each side of the equation are equal and the constant terms are not equal. Dividing both sides of the given equation by 2
yields 𝑘𝑥 - 𝑛 = - 28
30
𝑥 - 36
38
, or 𝑘𝑥 - 𝑛 = - 14
15
𝑥 - 18
19
. Since it’s given that the equation has no solution, the coefficient of 𝑥 on both
sides of this equation must be equal, and the constant terms on both sides of this equation must not be equal. Since
18 < 1, and it's given that 𝑛 > 1, the second condition is true. Thus, 𝑘 must be equal to - 14 . Note that -14/15, -.9333, and
19 15
-0.933 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question ID f09097b1

one variable
ID: f09097b1
An agricultural scientist studying the growth of corn plants recorded the height
of a corn plant at the beginning of a study and the height of the plant each day
for the next 12 days. The scientist found that the height of the plant increased by
an average of 1.20 centimeters per day for the 12 days. If the height of the plant
on the last day of the study was 36.8 centimeters, what was the height, in
centimeters, of the corn plant at the beginning of the study?
ID: f09097b1 Answer
Rationale
The correct answer is 22.4. If the height of the plant increased by an average of 1.20 centimeters per day for 12 days,
then its total growth over the 12 days was centimeters. The plant was 36.8 centimeters tall after 12
days, so at the beginning of the study its height was centimeters. Note that 22.4 and 112/5 are
examples of ways to enter a correct answer.
Alternate approach: The equation can be used to represent this situation, where h is the height of
the plant, in centimeters, at the beginning of the study. Solving this equation for h yields 22.4 centimeters.

Question ID c362c210

two variables
ID: c362c210
The points plotted in the coordinate plane above represent the possible numbers
of wallflowers and cornflowers that someone can buy at the Garden Store in
order to spend exactly $24.00 total on the two types of flowers. The price of
each wallflower is the same and the price of each cornflower is the same. What
is the price, in dollars, of 1 cornflower?
ID: c362c210 Answer
Rationale
The correct answer is 1.5. The point corresponds to the situation where 16 cornflowers and 0 wallflowers are
purchased. Since the total spent on the two types of flowers is $24.00, it follows that the price of 16 cornflowers is
$24.00, and the price of one cornflower is $1.50. Note that 1.5 and 3/2 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question ID ee7b1de1

in one or two
variables
ID: ee7b1de1
A small business owner budgets to purchase candles. The owner must purchase a minimum of candles to
maintain the discounted pricing. If the owner pays per candle to purchase small candles and per candle to
purchase large candles, what is the maximum number of large candles the owner can purchase to stay within the budget
and maintain the discounted pricing?
ID: ee7b1de1 Answer

Correct Answer: 182
Rationale
The correct answer is 182. Let 𝑠 represent the number of small candles the owner can purchase, and let 𝑙 represent the
number of large candles the owner can purchase. It’s given that the owner pays $ 4.90 per candle to purchase small
candles and $ 11.60 per candle to purchase large candles. Therefore, the owner pays 4.90𝑠 dollars for 𝑠 small candles
and 11.60𝑙 dollars for 𝑙 large candles, which means the owner pays a total of 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 dollars to purchase candles.
It’s given that the owner budgets $ 2,200 to purchase candles. Therefore, 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≤ 2,200. It’s also given that the
owner must purchase a minimum of 200 candles. Therefore, 𝑠 + 𝑙 ≥ 200. The inequalities 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≤ 2,200 and
𝑠 + 𝑙 ≥ 200 can be combined into one compound inequality by rewriting the second inequality so that its left-hand side is
equivalent to the left-hand side of the first inequality. Subtracting 𝑙 from both sides of the inequality 𝑠 + 𝑙 ≥ 200 yields
𝑠 ≥ 200 - 𝑙. Multiplying both sides of this inequality by 4.90 yields 4.90𝑠 ≥ 4.90200 - 𝑙, or 4.90𝑠 ≥ 980 - 4.90𝑙. Adding 11.60𝑙
to both sides of this inequality yields 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≥ 980 - 4 . 90𝑙 + 11 . 60𝑙, or 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≥ 980 + 6.70𝑙. This inequality
can be combined with the inequality 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≤ 2,200, which yields the compound inequality
980 + 6.70𝑙 ≤ 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≤ 2,200. It follows that 980 + 6.70𝑙 ≤ 2,200. Subtracting 980 from both sides of this inequality
yields 6.70𝑙 ≤ 2,200. Dividing both sides of this inequality by 6.70 yields approximately 𝑙 ≤ 182.09. Since the number of
large candles the owner purchases must be a whole number, the maximum number of large candles the owner can
purchase is the largest whole number less than 182.09, which is 182.

Question ID c17d9ba9

in one or two
variables
ID: c17d9ba9
A number is at most less than times the value of . If the value of is , what is the greatest possible value of ?
ID: c17d9ba9 Answer

Correct Answer: -2
Rationale
The correct answer is -2. It's given that a number 𝑥 is at most 17 less than 5 times the value of 𝑦, or 𝑥 ≤ 5𝑦 - 17.
Substituting 3 for 𝑦 in this inequality yields 𝑥 ≤ 53 - 17, or 𝑥 ≤ - 2. Thus, if the value of 𝑦 is 3, the greatest possible value of 𝑥
is -2.

Question ID 94b48cbf

two variables
ID: 94b48cbf
The graph of in the -plane has an -intercept at and a -intercept at , where and are
constants. What is the value of ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 94b48cbf Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. The x-coordinate 𝑎 of the x-intercept 𝑎, 0 can be found by substituting 0 for 𝑦 in the given equation,
which gives 7𝑥 + 20 = - 31, or 7𝑥 = - 31. Dividing both sides of this equation by 7 yields 𝑥 = - 31 7 . Therefore, the value of 𝑎
is - 7 . The y-coordinate 𝑏 of the y-intercept 0, 𝑏 can be found by substituting 0 for 𝑥 in the given equation, which gives
31
70 + 2𝑦 = - 31, or 2𝑦 = - 31. Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields 𝑦 = - 31

2 . Therefore, the value of 𝑏 is - 2 . It
31
- 31
follows that the value of 𝑏 is 2 , which is equivalent to 31 7 , or 72 .
𝑎
- 31 2 31
7

Question ID 1035faea

in one or two
variables
ID: 1035faea
A psychologist set up an experiment to study the tendency of a person to select

the first item when presented with a series of items. In the experiment,
300 people were presented with a set of five pictures arranged in random order.
Each person was asked to choose the most appealing picture. Of the first
150 participants, 36 chose the first picture in the set. Among the remaining
150 participants, p people chose the first picture in the set. If more than 20% of
all participants chose the first picture in the set, which of the following
inequalities best describes the possible values of p ?
A. , where
B. , where
C. , where
D. , where
ID: 1035faea Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. Of the first 150 participants, 36 chose the first picture in the set, and of the 150 remaining
participants, p chose the first picture in the set. Hence, the proportion of the participants who chose the first picture in
the set is . Since more than 20% of all the participants chose the first picture, it follows that .
This inequality can be rewritten as . Since p is a number of people among the remaining 150
participants, .
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect and may be the result of some incorrect interpretations of the given information or of
computational errors.

Question ID c5082ce3

linear equations in
two variables
ID: c5082ce3
The score on a trivia game is obtained by subtracting the number of incorrect

answers from twice the number of correct answers. If a player answered
40 questions and obtained a score of 50, how many questions did the player
answer correctly?
ID: c5082ce3 Answer
Rationale
The correct answer is 30. Let x represent the number of correct answers from the player and y represent the number of
incorrect answers from the player. Since the player answered 40 questions in total, the equation represents
this situation. Also, since the score is found by subtracting the number of incorrect answers from twice the number of
correct answers and the player received a score of 50, the equation represents this situation. Adding the
equations in the system of two equations together yields . This can be rewritten as .
Finally, solving for x by dividing both sides of the equation by 3 yields .

Question ID 2e0290c3

two variables
ID: 2e0290c3
The graph shows the relationship between the number of shares of stock from Company A, , and the number of shares
of stock from Company B, , that Simone can purchase. Which equation could represent this relationship?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 2e0290c3 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. The graph shown is a line passing through the points 0, 40 and 60, 0. Since the relationship between 𝑥
and 𝑦 is linear, if two points on the graph make a linear equation true, then the equation represents the
relationship. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 and 40 for 𝑦 in the equation in choice B, 8𝑥 + 12𝑦 = 480, yields 80 + 1240 = 480, or
480 = 480, which is true. Substituting 60 for 𝑥 and 0 for 𝑦 in the equation 8𝑥 + 12𝑦 = 480 yields 860 + 120 = 480, or
480 = 480, which is true. Therefore, the equation 8𝑥 + 12𝑦 = 480 represents the relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦.
Choice A is incorrect. The point 0, 40 is not on the graph of this equation, since 40 = 80 + 12, or 40 = 12, is not true.
Choice C is incorrect. The point 0, 40 is not on the graph of this equation, since 40 = 120 + 8, or 40 = 8, is not true.
Choice D is incorrect. The point 0, 40 is not on the graph of this equation, since 120 + 840 = 480, or 320 = 480, is not true.

Question ID 45a534d0

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 45a534d0
ID: 45a534d0 Answer

Correct Answer: -34
Rationale
The correct answer is -34. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the lines
represented by the equations in the xy-plane are distinct and parallel. Two lines represented by equations in standard
form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶, where 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶 are constants, are parallel if the coefficients for 𝑥 and 𝑦 in one equation are
proportional to the corresponding coefficients in the other equation. The first equation in the given system can be written
in standard form by subtracting 30𝑦 from both sides of the equation to yield 48𝑥 - 102𝑦 = 24. The second equation in the
given system can be written in standard form by adding 16𝑥 to both sides of the equation to yield 16𝑥 + 𝑟𝑦 = 16 . The
coefficient of 𝑥 in this second equation, 16, is 13 times the coefficient of 𝑥 in the first equation, 48. For the lines to be
parallel the coefficient of 𝑦 in the second equation, 𝑟, must also be 13 times the coefficient of 𝑦 in the first equation, -102.
Thus, 𝑟 = 13 ( - 102), or 𝑟 = - 34. Therefore, if the given system has no solution, the value of 𝑟 is -34.

Question ID 50f4cb9c
ID: 50f4cb9c
For the linear function , the table shows three values of and their corresponding values of . Function is defined
by , where and are constants. What is the value of ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 50f4cb9c Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. The table gives that 𝑓(𝑥) = 0 when 𝑥 = 2. Substituting 0 for 𝑓𝑥 and 2 for 𝑥 into the equation
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 0 = 2𝑎 + 𝑏. Subtracting 2𝑎 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑏 = - 2𝑎. The table gives that
𝑓(𝑥) = - 64 when 𝑥 = 1. Substituting -2𝑎 for 𝑏, -64 for 𝑓𝑥, and 1 for 𝑥 into the equation 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 yields -64 = 𝑎1 + -2𝑎.
Combining like terms yields -64 = - 𝑎, or 𝑎 = 64. Since 𝑏 = - 2𝑎, substituting 64 for 𝑎 into this equation gives 𝑏 = -264,
which yields 𝑏 = - 128. Thus, the value of 𝑎 - 𝑏 can be written as 64 - ( - 128), which is 192.
Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑎 + 𝑏, not 𝑎 - 𝑏. Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑎 - 2, not 𝑎 - 𝑏.
Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of 2𝑎, not 𝑎 - 𝑏.

Question ID b00ad7f2

linear equations in
two variables
ID: b00ad7f2
What is the solution to the given system of equations?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: b00ad7f2 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. Adding 9𝑥 to both sides of the first equation in the given system yields 𝑦 = 9𝑥 + 13. Substituting the
expression 9𝑥 + 13 for 𝑦 in the second equation in the given system yields 5𝑥 = 29𝑥 + 13. Distributing the 2 on the right-
hand side of this equation yields 5𝑥 = 18𝑥 + 26. Subtracting 18𝑥 from both sides of this equation yields -13𝑥 = 26. Dividing
both sides of this equation by -13 yields 𝑥 = - 2. Substituting -2 for 𝑥 in the equation 𝑦 = 9𝑥 + 13 yields 𝑦 = 9-2 + 13, or
𝑦 = - 5. Therefore, the solution 𝑥, 𝑦 to the given system of equations is -2, - 5.
Choice D is incorrect. This is the solution 𝑦, 𝑥, not 𝑥, 𝑦, to the given system of equations.

Question ID 16889ef3
ID: 16889ef3
Oil and gas production in a certain area dropped from 4 million barrels in 2000 to
1.9 million barrels in 2013. Assuming that the oil and gas production decreased
at a constant rate, which of the following linear functions f best models the
production, in millions of barrels, t years after the year 2000?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 16889ef3 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It is assumed that the oil and gas production decreased at a constant rate. Therefore, the function f
that best models the production t years after the year 2000 can be written as a linear function, , where m is
the rate of change of the oil and gas production and b is the oil and gas production, in millions of barrels, in the year
2000. Since there were 4 million barrels of oil and gas produced in 2000, . The rate of change, m, can be calculated
as , which is equivalent to , the rate of change in choice C.
Choices A and B are incorrect because each of these functions has a positive rate of change. Since the oil and gas
production decreased over time, the rate of change must be negative. Choice D is incorrect. This model may result from
misinterpreting 1.9 million barrels as the amount by which the production decreased.

Question ID c651cc56
ID: c651cc56
Some values of the linear function f are shown in the table

above. What is the value of ?
A. 6
B. 7
C. 8
D. 9
ID: c651cc56 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. A linear function has a constant rate of change, and any two rows of the table shown can be used to
calculate this rate. From the first row to the second, the value of x is increased by 2 and the value of is increased by
. So the values of increase by 3 for every increase by 1 in the value of x. Since , it follows that
. Therefore, .
Choice A is incorrect. This is the third x-value in the table, not . Choices C and D are incorrect and may result from
errors when calculating the function’s rate of change.

Question ID 79cf8505

one variable
ID: 79cf8505
A line segment that has a length of is divided into three parts. One part is long. The other
two parts have lengths that are equal to each other. What is the length, in , of one of the other two parts of equal
length?
ID: 79cf8505 Answer

Correct Answer: 34
Rationale
The correct answer is 34. It’s given that a line segment has a length of 115 cm and is divided into three parts, where one
part is 47 cm long and the other two parts have lengths that are equal. If 𝑥 represents the length, in cm, of each of the
two parts of equal length, then the equation 47 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 = 115, or 47 + 2𝑥 = 115, represents this situation. Subtracting 47
from each side of this equation yields 2𝑥 = 68. Dividing each side of this equation by 2 yields 𝑥 = 34. Therefore, the length,
in cm, of one of the two parts of equal length is 34.

Question ID adb0c96c

linear equations in
two variables
ID: adb0c96c
ID: adb0c96c Answer

Correct Answer: 80
Rationale
The correct answer is 80. Subtracting the second equation in the given system from the first equation yields
24𝑥 + 𝑦 - 6𝑥 + 𝑦 = 48 - 72, which is equivalent to 24𝑥 - 6𝑥 + 𝑦 - 𝑦 = - 24, or 18𝑥 = - 24. Dividing each side of this equation by 3
yields 6𝑥 = - 8. Substituting -8 for 6𝑥 in the second equation yields -8 + 𝑦 = 72. Adding 8 to both sides of this equation
yields 𝑦 = 80.
Alternate approach: Multiplying each side of the second equation in the given system by 4 yields 24𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 288.
Subtracting the first equation in the given system from this equation yields 24𝑥 + 4𝑦 - 24𝑥 + 𝑦 = 288 - 48, which is
equivalent to 24𝑥 - 24𝑥 + 4𝑦 - 𝑦 = 240, or 3𝑦 = 240. Dividing each side of this equation by 3 yields 𝑦 = 80.

Question ID c22b5f25
ID: c22b5f25
In the xy-plane, the points and lie on the graph of

which of the following linear functions?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: c22b5f25 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. A linear function can be written in the form , where m is the slope and b is the y-
coordinate of the y-intercept of the line. The slope of the graph can be found using the formula .
Substituting the values of the given points into this formula yields or , which simplifies to
. Only choice C shows an equation with this slope.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect and may result from computation errors or misinterpreting the given information.

Question ID d7bf55e1

linear equations in
two variables
ID: d7bf55e1
A movie theater sells two types of tickets, adult tickets for $12 and child tickets
for $8. If the theater sold 30 tickets for a total of $300, how much, in dollars, was
spent on adult tickets? (Disregard the $ sign when gridding your answer.)
ID: d7bf55e1 Answer
Rationale
The correct answer is 180. Let a be the number of adult tickets sold and c be the number of child tickets sold. Since the
theater sold a total of 30 tickets, a + c = 30. The price per adult ticket is $12, and the price per child ticket is $8. Since the
theater received a total of $300 for the 30 tickets sold, it follows that 12a + 8c = 300. To eliminate c, the first equation
can be multiplied by 8 and then subtracted from the second equation:
Because the question asks for the amount spent on adult tickets, which is 12a dollars, the resulting equation can be
multiplied by 3 to give 3(4a) = 3(60) = 180. Therefore, $180 was spent on adult tickets.
Alternate approach: If all the 30 tickets sold were child tickets, their total price would be 30($8) = $240. Since the actual
total price of the 30 tickets was $300, the extra $60 indicates that a certain number of adult tickets, a, were sold. Since
the price of each adult ticket is $4 more than each child ticket, 4a = 60, and it follows that 12a = 180.

Question ID 11e1ab81
ID: 11e1ab81
The graph above shows the distance traveled d, in feet, by a product on a

conveyor belt m minutes after the product is placed on the belt. Which of the
following equations correctly relates d and m ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 11e1ab81 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. The line passes through the origin. Therefore, this is a relationship of the form , where k is a
constant representing the slope of the graph. To find the value of k, choose a point on the graph of the line other
than the origin and substitute the values of m and d into the equation. For example, if the point is chosen, then
, and . Therefore, the equation of the line is .
Choice B is incorrect and may result from calculating the slope of the line as the change in time over the change in
distance traveled instead of the change in distance traveled over the change in time. Choices C and D are incorrect
because each of these equations represents a line with a d-intercept of 2. However, the graph shows a line with a d-
intercept of 0.

Question ID 771bd0ca

one variable
ID: 771bd0ca
What value of is the solution to the given equation?
ID: 771bd0ca Answer

Correct Answer: -22
Rationale
The correct answer is -22. The given equation can be rewritten as -2𝑡 + 3 = 38. Dividing both sides of this equation by -2
yields 𝑡 + 3 = - 19. Subtracting 3 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑡 = - 22. Therefore, -22 is the value of 𝑡 that is the
solution to the given equation.

Question ID 69f609b2

one variable
ID: 69f609b2
How many solutions does the equation have?
A. Exactly one
B. Exactly two
C. Infinitely many
D. Zero
ID: 69f609b2 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. Distributing 12 on the left-hand side and -3 on the right-hand side of the given equation yields
12𝑥 - 36 = - 3𝑥 - 36. Adding 3𝑥 to each side of this equation yields 15𝑥 - 36 = - 36. Adding 36 to each side of this equation
yields 15𝑥 = 0. Dividing each side of this equation by 15 yields 𝑥 = 0. This means that 0 is the only solution to the given
equation. Therefore, the given equation has exactly one solution.

Question ID 4fe4fd7c
ID: 4fe4fd7c
A company’s total cost , in dollars, to produce x shirts is given by the

function above, where m is a constant and . The total cost to produce 100
shirts is $800. What is the total cost, in dollars, to produce 1000 shirts?
(Disregard the $ sign when gridding your answer.)
ID: 4fe4fd7c Answer
Rationale
The correct answer is 3500. The given information includes a cost, $800, to produce 100 shirts. Substituting
and into the given equation yields . Subtracting 500 from both sides of the equation yields
. Dividing both sides of this equation by 100 yields . Substituting the value of m into the given
equation yields . Substituting 1000 for x in this equation and solving for gives the cost of 1000
shirts: , or 3500.

Question ID a309803e
ID: a309803e
One gallon of paint will cover square feet of a surface. A room has a total wall area of square feet. Which equation
represents the total amount of paint , in gallons, needed to paint the walls of the room twice?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: a309803e Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It's given that 𝑤 represents the total wall area, in square feet. Since the walls of the room will be
painted twice, the amount of paint, in gallons, needs to cover 2𝑤 square feet. It’s also given that one gallon of paint will
cover 220 square feet. Dividing the total area, in square feet, of the surface to be painted by the number of square feet
covered by one gallon of paint gives the number of gallons of paint that will be needed. Dividing 2𝑤 by 220 yields 220 2𝑤 , or
𝑤 . Therefore, the equation that represents the total amount of paint 𝑃, in gallons, needed to paint the walls of the room
110
twice is 𝑃 = 110
𝑤 .
Choice C is incorrect and may result from finding the amount of paint needed to paint the walls once rather than twice.

Question ID c41e5688

in one or two
variables
ID: c41e5688
The shaded region shown represents the solutions to which inequality?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: c41e5688 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. The equation for the line representing the boundary of the shaded region can be written in slope-
intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑏 + 𝑚𝑥, where 𝑚 is the slope and 0, 𝑏 is the y-intercept of the line. For the graph shown, the boundary
line passes through the points 0, - 1 and 1, - 4. Given two points on a line, 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , the slope of the line can be
𝑦 -𝑦
calculated using the equation 𝑚 = 𝑥22 - 𝑥11 . Substituting the points 0, - 1 and 1, - 4 for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 in this equation yields
𝑚 = -41 -- -1
0
, which is equivalent to 𝑚 = -31 , or 𝑚 = - 3. Since the point 0, - 1 represents the y-intercept, it follows that 𝑏 = - 1.
Substituting -3 for 𝑚 and -1 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑏 + 𝑚𝑥 yields 𝑦 = - 1 - 3𝑥 as the equation of the boundary line. Since
the shaded region represents all the points above this boundary line, it follows that the shaded region shown represents
the solutions to the inequality 𝑦 > - 1 - 3𝑥.
Choice A is incorrect. This inequality represents a region below, not above, a boundary line with a slope of 3, not -3.
Choice B is incorrect. This inequality represents a region below, not above, the boundary line shown.
Choice C is incorrect. This inequality represents a region whose boundary line has a slope of 3, not -3.

Question ID 5bf5136d

in one or two
variables
ID: 5bf5136d
The triangle inequality theorem states that the sum of any two sides of a triangle must be greater than the length of the
third side. If a triangle has side lengths of and , which inequality represents the possible lengths, , of the third side
of the triangle?
A.
B.
C.
D. or
ID: 5bf5136d Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It’s given that a triangle has side lengths of 6 and 12, and 𝑥 represents the length of the third side of
the triangle. It’s also given that the triangle inequality theorem states that the sum of any two sides of a triangle must be
greater than the length of the third side. Therefore, the inequalities 6 + 𝑥 > 12, 6 + 12 > 𝑥, and 12 + 𝑥 > 6 represent all
possible values of 𝑥. Subtracting 6 from both sides of the inequality 6 + 𝑥 > 12 yields 𝑥 > 12 - 6, or 𝑥 > 6. Adding 6 and 12
in the inequality 6 + 12 > 𝑥 yields 18 > 𝑥, or 𝑥 < 18. Subtracting 12 from both sides of the inequality 12 + 𝑥 > 6 yields
𝑥 > 6 - 12, or 𝑥 > - 6. Since all x-values that satisfy the inequality 𝑥 > 6 also satisfy the inequality 𝑥 > - 6, it follows that the
inequalities 𝑥 > 6 and 𝑥 < 18 represent the possible values of 𝑥. Therefore, the inequality 6 < 𝑥 < 18 represents the possible
lengths, 𝑥, of the third side of the triangle.
Choice A is incorrect. This inequality gives the upper bound for 𝑥 but does not include its lower bound.

Question ID 620abf36

one variable
ID: 620abf36
If , what is the value of ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 620abf36 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. Subtracting 4𝑥 + 4 from both sides of the given equation yields 1𝑥 + 4 = 29, or 𝑥 + 4 = 29. Therefore,
the value of 𝑥 + 4 is 29.
Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥, not 𝑥 + 4.

Question ID d62ad380

two variables
ID: d62ad380
An artist paints and sells square tiles. The selling price P, in dollars, of a painted tile is a linear function of the side
length of the tile s, in inches, as shown in the table below.
Side length, s (inches) Price, P (dollars)
3 8.00
6 18.00
9 28.00
Which of the following could define the relationship between s and P ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: d62ad380 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. The relationship between s and P can be modeled by a linear equation of the form P = ks + a, where k
and a are constants. The table shows that P increases by 10 when s increases by 3, so k = . To solve for a, substitute
one of the given pairs of values for s and P: when s = 3, P = 8, so , which yields a = –2. The solution is
therefore .
Choice A is incorrect. When s = 3, P = 8, but 3(3) + 10 = 19 ≠︀8. Choice B is incorrect. This may result from using the first
number given for P in the table as the constant term a in the linear equation P = ks + a, which is true only when s =
0. Choice D is incorrect and may result from using the reciprocal of the slope of the line.

Question ID 2f34cd1c
ID: 2f34cd1c
The function gives the estimated surface water temperature , in degrees Celsius, of a body
of water on the day of the year, where . Based on the model, what is the estimated surface water
temperature, in degrees Celsius, of this body of water on the day of the year?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 2f34cd1c Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. It’s given that the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 55.20 - 0.16𝑥 gives the estimated surface water temperature, in
degrees Celsius, of a body of water on the 𝑥th day of the year. Substituting 326 for 𝑥 in the given function yields
𝑓(326) = 55.20 - 0.16(326), which is equivalent to 𝑓(326) = 55.20 - 52.16, or 𝑓(326) = 3.04. Therefore, the estimated surface
water temperature, in degrees Celsius, of this body of water on the 326th day of the year is 3.04.
Choice C is incorrect. This is the rate of change, in degrees Celsius per day, of the estimated surface water temperature.
Choice D is incorrect. This is the change, in degrees Celsius, in the estimated surface water temperature over 326 days.

Question ID 092ad67d

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 092ad67d
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 092ad67d Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. Adding the first equation to the second equation in the given system yields 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑥 - 2𝑦 = 6 + 4, or
𝑥 + 𝑥 + 2𝑦 - 2𝑦 = 10. Combining like terms in this equation yields 2𝑥 = 10. Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields
𝑥 = 5. Thus, the value of 𝑥 is 5.
Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of 2𝑥, not 𝑥.

Question ID 90095507

one variable
ID: 90095507
Townsend Realty Group Investments

Property Purchase price Monthly rental
address (dollars) price (dollars)
Clearwater
128,000 950
Lane
Driftwood
176,000 1,310
Drive
Edgemont
70,000 515
Street
Glenview
140,000 1,040
Street
Hamilton
450,000 3,365
Circle
The Townsend Realty Group invested in the five different properties listed in the
table above. The table shows the amount, in dollars, the company paid for each
property and the corresponding monthly rental price, in dollars, the company
charges for the property at each of the five locations. Townsend Realty
purchased the Glenview Street property and received a 40% discount off the
original price along with an additional 20% off the discounted price for
purchasing the property in cash. Which of the following best approximates the
original price, in dollars, of the Glenview Street property?
A. $350,000
B. $291,700
C. $233,300
D. $175,000
ID: 90095507 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. Let x be the original price, in dollars, of the Glenview Street property. After the 40% discount, the price
of the property became dollars, and after the additional 20% off the discounted price, the price of the property
became . Thus, in terms of the original price of the property, x, the purchase price of the property is . It
follows that . Solving this equation for x gives . Therefore, of the given choices,
$291,700 best approximates the original price of the Glenview Street property.
Choice A is incorrect because it is the result of dividing the purchase price of the property by 0.4, as though the purchase
price were 40% of the original price. Choice C is incorrect because it is the closest to dividing the purchase price of the
property by 0.6, as though the purchase price were 60% of the original price. Choice D is incorrect because it is the result
of dividing the purchase price of the property by 0.8, as though the purchase price were 80% of the original price.

Question ID 3122fc7b
ID: 3122fc7b
A linear model estimates the population of a city from to . The model estimates the population was
thousand in , thousand in , and thousand in . To the nearest whole number, what is the value of ?
ID: 3122fc7b Answer

Correct Answer: 257
Rationale
The correct answer is 257. It’s given that a linear model estimates the population of a city from 1991 to 2015. Since the
population can be estimated using a linear model, it follows that there is a constant rate of change for the model. It’s
also given that the model estimates the population was 57 thousand in 1991, 224 thousand in 2011, and 𝑥 thousand in
2015. The change in the population between 2011 and 1991 is 224 - 57, or 167, thousand. The change in the number of
years between 2011 and 1991 is 2011 - 1991, or 20, years. Dividing 167 by 20 gives 167 / 20, or 8.35, thousand per year.
Thus, the change in population per year from 1991 to 2015 estimated by the model is 8.35 thousand. The change in the
number of years between 2015 and 2011 is 2015 - 2011, or 4, years. Multiplying the change in population per year by the
change in number of years yields the increase in population from 2011 to 2015 estimated by the model: 8.354, or 33.4,
thousand. Adding the change in population from 2011 to 2015 estimated by the model to the estimated population in
2011 yields the estimated population in 2015. Thus, the estimated population in 2015 is 33.4 + 224, or 257.4, thousand.
Therefore to the nearest whole number, the value of 𝑥 is 257.

Question ID d9733ed9

in one or two
variables
ID: d9733ed9
For which of the following tables are all the values of and their corresponding values of solutions to the given
inequality?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: d9733ed9 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. In each choice, the values of 𝑥 are 2, 4, and 6. Substituting the first value of 𝑥, 2, for 𝑥 in the given
inequality yields 𝑦 > 42 + 8, or 𝑦 > 16. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 2, the corresponding value of 𝑦 must be greater than 16. Of the
given choices, only choice A is a table where the value of 𝑦 corresponding to 𝑥 = 2 is greater than 16. To confirm that the
other values of 𝑥 in this table and their corresponding values of 𝑦 are also solutions to the given inequality, the values of 𝑥
and 𝑦 in the table can be substituted for 𝑥 and 𝑦 in the given inequality. Substituting 4 for 𝑥 and 30 for 𝑦 in the given
inequality yields 30 > 44 + 8, or 30 > 24, which is true. Substituting 6 for 𝑥 and 41 for 𝑦 in the given inequality yields
41 > 46 + 8, or 41 > 32, which is true. It follows that for choice A, all the values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦
are solutions to the given inequality.
Choice B is incorrect. Substituting 2 for 𝑥 and 8 for 𝑦 in the given inequality yields 8 > 42 + 8, or 8 > 16, which is false.
Choice C is incorrect. Substituting 2 for 𝑥 and 13 for 𝑦 in the given inequality yields 13 > 42 + 8, or 13 > 16, which is false.
Choice D is incorrect. Substituting 2 for 𝑥 and 13 for 𝑦 in the given inequality yields 13 > 42 + 8, or 13 > 16, which is false.

Question ID 36fd6752

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 36fd6752
ID: 36fd6752 Answer

Correct Answer: 10
Rationale
The correct answer is 10. Solving by substitution, the given system of equations, where 𝑝 is a constant, can be written so
that the left-hand side of each equation is equal to 7𝑟. Subtracting 6 from each side of the first equation in the given
system, 6 + 7𝑟 = 𝑝𝑤, yields 7𝑟 = 𝑝𝑤 - 6. Adding 5𝑤 to each side of the second equation in the given system,
7𝑟 - 5𝑤 = 5𝑤 + 11, yields 7𝑟 = 10𝑤 + 11. Since the left-hand side of each equation is equal to 7𝑟, setting the the right-hand
side of the equations equal to each other yields 𝑝𝑤 - 6 = 10𝑤 + 11. A linear equation in one variable, 𝑤, has no solution if
and only if the equation is false; that is, when there's no value of 𝑤 that produces a true statement. For the equation
𝑝𝑤 - 6 = 10𝑤 + 11, there's no value of 𝑤 that produces a true statement when 𝑝𝑤 = 10𝑤. Therefore, for the equation
𝑝𝑤 - 6 = 10𝑤 + 11, there's no value of 𝑤 that produces a true statement when the value of 𝑝 is 10. It follows that in the
given system of equations, the system has no solution when the value of 𝑝 is 10.

Question ID c8fb6bcb
ID: c8fb6bcb
The given function represents the perimeter, in , of a rectangle with a length of and a fixed
width. What is the width, in , of the rectangle?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: c8fb6bcb Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. It's given that 𝑓𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 244 represents the perimeter, in centimeters (cm), of a rectangle with a
length of 𝑥 cm and a fixed width. If 𝑤 represents a fixed width, in cm, then the perimeter, in cm, of a rectangle with a
length of 𝑥 cm and a fixed width of 𝑤 cm can be given by the function 𝑓𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 2𝑤. Therefore, 2𝑥 + 2𝑤 = 2𝑥 + 244.
Subtracting 2𝑥 from both sides of this equation yields 2𝑤 = 244. Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields 𝑤 = 122.
Therefore, the width, in cm, of the rectangle is 122.

Question ID 23dedddd
ID: 23dedddd
In the linear function , and . Which equation defines ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 23dedddd Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. Since 𝑓 is a linear function, it can be defined by an equation of the form 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are
constants. It's given that 𝑓0 = 8. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 and 8 for 𝑓𝑥 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 8 = 𝑎0 + 𝑏, or 8 = 𝑏.
Substituting 8 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 8. It's given that 𝑓1 = 12. Substituting 1 for 𝑥 and 12 for 𝑓𝑥 in
the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 8 yields 12 = 𝑎1 + 8, or 12 = 𝑎 + 8. Subtracting 8 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑎 = 4.
Substituting 4 for 𝑎 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 8 yields 𝑓𝑥 = 4𝑥 + 8. Therefore, an equation that defines 𝑓 is 𝑓𝑥 = 4𝑥 + 8.

Question ID d909cd31

linear equations in
two variables
ID: d909cd31
One of the two equations in a system of linear equations is given. The system has infinitely many solutions. Which of the
following could be the second equation in the system?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: d909cd31 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It's given that the system has infinitely many solutions. A system of two linear equations has
infinitely many solutions when the two linear equations are equivalent. Dividing both sides of the given equation by 5
yields -3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 13. Dividing both sides of choice C by 4 also yields -3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 13, so choice C is equivalent to the given
equation. Thus, choice C could be the second equation in the system.
Choice A is incorrect. The system consisting of this equation and the given equation has one solution, not infinitely many
solutions.
Choice B is incorrect. The system consisting of this equation and the given equation has one solution, not infinitely many
solutions.
Choice D is incorrect. The system consisting of this equation and the given equation has no solution, not infinitely many
solutions.

Question ID 98d3393a

two variables
ID: 98d3393a
Line in the xy-plane is perpendicular to the line with equation

. What is the slope of line ?
A. 0
B.
C.
D. The slope of line is undefined.
ID: 98d3393a Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It is given that line is perpendicular to a line whose equation is x = 2. A line whose equation is a
constant value of x is vertical, so must therefore be horizontal. Horizontal lines have a slope of 0, so has a slope of 0.
Choice B is incorrect. A line with slope is perpendicular to a line with slope 2. However, the line with equation x = 2
is vertical and has undefined slope (not slope of 2). Choice C is incorrect. A line with slope –2 is perpendicular to a line
with slope . However, the line with equation x = 2 has undefined slope (not slope of ). Choice D is incorrect; this is
the slope of the line x = 2 itself, not the slope of a line perpendicular to it.

Question ID 56dc8045
ID: 56dc8045
The function models the volume of liquid, in milliliters, in a container seconds after it begins draining from a hole at
the bottom. According to the model, what is the predicted volume, in milliliters, draining from the container each second?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 56dc8045 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. It’s given that the function 𝑤 models the volume of liquid, in milliliters, in a container 𝑡 seconds after it
begins draining from a hole at the bottom. The given function 𝑤𝑡 = 300 - 4𝑡 can be rewritten as 𝑤𝑡 = - 4𝑡 + 300. Thus, for
each increase of 𝑡 by 1, the value of 𝑤𝑡 decreases by 4(1), or 4. Therefore, the predicted volume, in milliliters, draining
from the container each second is 4 milliliters.
Choice A is incorrect. This is the amount of liquid, in milliliters, in the container before the liquid begins draining.
Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors. Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question ID 92aa3a94

two variables
ID: 92aa3a94
Line is defined by . Line is perpendicular to line in the xy-plane. What is the slope of line ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 92aa3a94 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. It's given that line 𝑘 is defined by 𝑦 = 7𝑥 + 18 . For an equation in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, 𝑚
represents the slope of the line defined by this equation in the xy-plane and 𝑏 represents the y-coordinate of the y-
intercept of this line. Therefore, the slope of line 𝑘 is 7. It’s also given that line 𝑗 is perpendicular to line 𝑘 in the xy-plane.
Therefore, the slope of line 𝑗 is the opposite reciprocal of the slope of line 𝑘. The opposite reciprocal of 7 is - 17 . Therefore,
the slope of line 𝑗 is - 17 .
Choice A is incorrect. This is the opposite reciprocal of the y-coordinate of the y-intercept, not the slope, of line 𝑘.
Choice C is incorrect. This is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of line 𝑘, not the slope of line 𝑗.
Choice D is incorrect. This is the slope of a line that is parallel, not perpendicular, to line 𝑘.

Question ID 4f669597

one variable
ID: 4f669597
What value of p is the solution of

the equation above?
ID: 4f669597 Answer
Rationale
The correct answer is 1.2. One way to solve the equation is to first distribute the terms outside
the parentheses to the terms inside the parentheses: . Next, combine like terms on the left side of
the equal sign: . Subtracting 10p from both sides yields . Finally, dividing both sides by
gives , which is equivalent to . Note that 1.2 and 6/5 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question ID f2bbd43d

in one or two
variables
ID: f2bbd43d
The point is a solution to the system of inequalities in the xy-plane. Which of the following could be the value of
?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: f2bbd43d Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It’s given that the point 𝑥, 53 is a solution to the given system of inequalities in the xy-plane. This
means that the coordinates of the point, when substituted for the variables 𝑥 and 𝑦, make both of the inequalities in the
system true. Substituting 53 for 𝑦 in the inequality 𝑦 > 14 yields 53 > 14, which is true. Substituting 53 for 𝑦 in the
inequality 4𝑥 + 𝑦 < 18 yields 4𝑥 + 53 < 18. Subtracting 53 from both sides of this inequality yields 4𝑥 < - 35. Dividing both
sides of this inequality by 4 yields 𝑥 < - 8.75. Therefore, 𝑥 must be a value less than -8.75. Of the given choices, only -9 is
less than -8.75.
Choice B is incorrect. Substituting -5 for 𝑥 and 53 for 𝑦 in the inequality 4𝑥 + 𝑦 < 18 yields 4-5 + 53 < 18, or 33 < 18, which is
not true.
Choice C is incorrect. Substituting 5 for 𝑥 and 53 for 𝑦 in the inequality 4𝑥 + 𝑦 < 18 yields 45 + 53 < 18, or 73 < 18, which is
not true.
Choice D is incorrect. Substituting 9 for 𝑥 and 53 for 𝑦 in the inequality 4𝑥 + 𝑦 < 18 yields 49 + 53 < 18, or 89 < 18, which is
not true.

Question ID 6989c80a
ID: 6989c80a
The function gives the temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, that corresponds to a temperature of kelvins. If a
temperature increased by kelvins, by how much did the temperature increase, in degrees Fahrenheit?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 6989c80a Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It’s given that the function 𝐹𝑥 = 95 𝑥 - 273.15 + 32 gives the temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, that
corresponds to a temperature of 𝑥 kelvins. A temperature that increased by 2.10 kelvins means that the value of 𝑥
increased by 2.10 kelvins. It follows that an increase in 𝑥 by 2.10 increases 𝐹(𝑥) by 95 2.10, or 3.78. Therefore, if a
temperature increased by 2.10 kelvins, the temperature increased by 3.78 degrees Fahrenheit.

Question ID 0cb57740

one variable
ID: 0cb57740
Each side of a -sided polygon has one of three lengths. The number of sides with length is
times the number of sides with length . There are sides with length . Which equation must be true for the
value of ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 0cb57740 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. It’s given that each side of a 30-sided polygon has one of three lengths. It's also given that the
number of sides with length 8 centimeters cm is 5 times the number of sides 𝑛 with length 3 cm. Therefore, there are
5 × 𝑛, or 5𝑛, sides with length 8 cm. It’s also given that there are 6 sides with length 4 cm. Therefore, the number of
3 cm, 4 cm, and 8 cm sides are 𝑛, 6, and 5𝑛, respectively. Since there are a total of 30 sides, the equation
𝑛 + 6 + 5𝑛 = 30 represents this situation. Combining like terms on the left-hand side of this equation yields 6𝑛 + 6 = 30.
Therefore, the equation that must be true for the value of 𝑛 is 6𝑛 + 6 = 30.

Question ID c01f4a95
ID: c01f4a95
For the linear function , is a constant and . What is the value of ?
ID: c01f4a95 Answer

Correct Answer: 39
Rationale
The correct answer is 39. It’s given that for the linear function 𝑗, 𝑚 is a constant and 𝑗12 = 18. Substituting 12 for 𝑥 and 18
for 𝑗𝑥 in the given equation yields 18 = 𝑚12 + 144. Subtracting 144 from both sides of this equation yields -126 = 𝑚12.
Dividing both sides of this equation by 12 yields -10.5 = 𝑚. Substituting -10.5 for 𝑚 in the given equation, 𝑗𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 144,
yields 𝑗𝑥 = - 10.5𝑥 + 144. Substituting 10 for 𝑥 in this equation yields 𝑗10 = -10.510 + 144, or 𝑗10 = 39. Therefore, the value
of 𝑗10 is 39.

Question ID 431c3038

two variables
ID: 431c3038
In an article about exercise, it is estimated that a 160-pound adult uses 200

calories for every 30 minutes of hiking and 150 calories for every 30 minutes of
bicycling. An adult who weighs 160 pounds has completed 1 hour of bicycling.
Based on the article, how many hours should the adult hike to use a total of
1,900 calories from bicycling and hiking?
A. 9.5
B. 8.75
C. 6
D. 4
ID: 431c3038 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. Since a 160-pound adult uses 200 calories for every 30 minutes of hiking, then the same adult uses
calories after hiking for h 30-minute periods. Similarly, the same adult uses calories after bicycling for b 30-
minute periods. Therefore, the equation represents the situation where a 160-pound adult uses a
total of 1,900 calories from hiking for h 30-minute periods and bicycling for b 30-minute periods. It’s given that the adult
completes 1 hour, or 2 30-minute periods, of bicycling. Substituting 2 for b in the equation yields
, or . Subtracting 300 from both sides of this equation yields
. Dividing both sides by 200 yields . Since h represents the number of 30-minute periods spent
hiking and there are 2 30-minute periods in every hour, it follows that the adult will need to hike for , or 4 hours to use a
total of 1,900 calories from bicycling and hiking.
Choice A is incorrect and may result from solving the equation . This represents 0 30-minute periods
bicycling instead of 2. Choice B is incorrect and may result from solving the equation . This
represents 1 30-minute period of bicycling instead of 2. Choice C is incorrect. This may result from determining that the
number of 30-minute periods the adult should hike is 8, but then subtracting 2 from 8, rather than dividing 8 by 2, to find
the number of hours the adult should hike.

Question ID 4b0c156b
ID: 4b0c156b
In the linear function , and . Which equation defines ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 4b0c156b Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. An equation defining ℎ can be written in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥, 𝑚 represents the slope of
the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 in the xy-plane, and 𝑏 represents the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph. It’s given that
ℎ28 = 15 and ℎ26 = 22. It follows that the points 28, 15 and 26, 22 are on the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 in the xy-plane. The slope
𝑦 -𝑦
can be found by using any two points, 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , and the formula 𝑚 = 2 1
𝑥2 - 𝑥1 . Substituting 28, 15 and 26, 22 for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1
and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , respectively, in the slope formula yields 𝑚 = or 𝑚 =
22 - 15
26 - 28 , Substituting - 72 for 𝑚 and 28, 15 for 𝑥, 𝑦 in the
- 72 .
equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 15 = - 72 28 + 𝑏, or 15 = - 98 + 𝑏. Adding 98 to both sides of this equation yields 113 = 𝑏.
Substituting - 72 for 𝑚 and 113 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = - 72 𝑥 + 113. Since 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥, it follows that the equation
that defines ℎ is ℎ𝑥 = - 72 𝑥 + 113.
Choice A is incorrect. For this function, ℎ26 = 109

7 , not ℎ26 = 22.
Choice B is incorrect. For this function, ℎ28 = 105, not ℎ28 = 15, and ℎ26 = 739
7 , not ℎ26 = 22.
Choice C is incorrect. For this function, ℎ28 = - 75, not ℎ28 = 15, and ℎ26 = - 68, not ℎ26 = 22.

Question ID 868fc236
ID: 868fc236
The table above gives the typical amounts of energy per gram, expressed in both
food calories and kilojoules, of the three macronutrients in food. If x food
calories is equivalent to k kilojoules, of the following, which best represents the
relationship between x and k ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 868fc236 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. The relationship between x food calories and k kilojoules can be modeled as a proportional
relationship. Let and represent the values in the first two rows in the table: and .
The rate of change, or , is ; therefore, the equation that best represents the relationship between x
and k is .
Choice A is incorrect and may be the result of calculating the rate of change using . Choice C is incorrect
because the number of kilojoules is greater than the number of food calories. Choice D is incorrect and may be the result
of an error when setting up the equation.

Question ID e8f9e117

in one or two
variables
ID: e8f9e117
The formula above is Ohm’s law for an electric circuit with current I, in amperes,
potential difference V, in volts, and resistance R, in ohms. A circuit has a
resistance of 500 ohms, and its potential difference will be generated by n six-
volt batteries that produce a total potential difference of volts. If the circuit is
to have a current of no more than 0.25 ampere, what is the greatest number, n,
of six-volt batteries that can be used?
ID: e8f9e117 Answer
Rationale
The correct answer is 20. For the given circuit, the resistance R is 500 ohms, and the total potential difference V
generated by n batteries is volts. It’s also given that the circuit is to have a current of no more than 0.25 ampere,
which can be expressed as . Since Ohm’s law says that , the given values for V and R can be substituted
for I in this inequality, which yields . Multiplying both sides of this inequality by 500 yields , and
dividing both sides of this inequality by 6 yields . Since the number of batteries must be a whole number less
than 20.833, the greatest number of batteries that can be used in this circuit is 20.

Question ID d8539e09

in one or two
variables
ID: d8539e09
For which of the following tables are all the values of and their corresponding values of solutions to the given
inequality?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: d8539e09 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. All the tables in the choices have the same three values of 𝑥, so each of the three values of 𝑥 can be
substituted in the given inequality to compare the corresponding values of 𝑦 in each of the tables. Substituting 3 for 𝑥 in
the given inequality yields 𝑦 < 63 + 2, or 𝑦 < 20. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 3, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is less than 20.
Substituting 5 for 𝑥 in the given inequality yields 𝑦 < 65 + 2, or 𝑦 < 32. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 5, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is
less than 32. Substituting 7 for 𝑥 in the given inequality yields 𝑦 < 67 + 2, or 𝑦 < 44. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 7, the
corresponding value of 𝑦 is less than 44. For the table in choice C, when 𝑥 = 3, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 16, which is
less than 20; when 𝑥 = 5, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 28, which is less than 32; when 𝑥 = 7, the corresponding value of
𝑦 is 40, which is less than 44. Therefore, the table in choice C gives values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 that
are all solutions to the given inequality.
Choice A is incorrect. In the table for choice A, when 𝑥 = 3, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 20, which is not less than 20;
when 𝑥 = 5, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 32, which is not less than 32; when 𝑥 = 7, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 44,
which is not less than 44.
Choice B is incorrect. In the table for choice B, when 𝑥 = 5, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 36, which is not less than 32.
Choice D is incorrect. In the table for choice D, when 𝑥 = 3, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 24, which is not less than 20;
when 𝑥 = 5, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 36, which is not less than 32; when 𝑥 = 7, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 48,
which is not less than 44.

Question ID ce314070

one variable
ID: ce314070
If , what is the
value of ?
A. 2
B.
C.
D.
ID: ce314070 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. Multiplying the given equation by 2 on each side yields . Applying the
distributive property, this equation can be rewritten as , or .
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect and may result from calculation errors in solving the given equation for and then
substituting that value of x in the expression .

Question ID 7e1bff94
ID: 7e1bff94
The table gives the number of hours, , of labor and a plumber’s total charge , in dollars, for two different jobs.
There is a linear relationship between and . Which equation represents this relationship?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 7e1bff94 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It's given that there is a linear relationship between a plumber's hours of labor, ℎ, and the plumber's
total charge 𝑓ℎ, in dollars. It follows that the relationship can be represented by an equation of the form 𝑓ℎ = 𝑚ℎ + 𝑏,
where 𝑚 is the rate of change of the function 𝑓 and 𝑏 is a constant. The rate of change of 𝑓 can be calculated by dividing
the difference in two values of 𝑓ℎ by the difference in the corresponding values of ℎ. Based on the values given in the
table, the rate of change of 𝑓 is 2853 -- 155
1
, or 65. Substituting 65 for 𝑚 in the equation 𝑓ℎ = 𝑚ℎ + 𝑏 yields 𝑓ℎ = 65ℎ + 𝑏. The
value of 𝑏 can be found by substituting any value of ℎ and its corresponding value of 𝑓ℎ for ℎ and 𝑓ℎ, respectively, in this
equation. Substituting 1 for ℎ and 155 for 𝑓ℎ yields 155 = 651 + 𝑏, or 155 = 65 + 𝑏. Subtracting 65 from both sides of this
equation yields 90 = 𝑏. Substituting 90 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑓ℎ = 65ℎ + 𝑏 yields 𝑓(ℎ) = 65ℎ + 90.

Question ID 946ab892
ID: 946ab892
For the linear function , the graph of in the xy-plane has a slope of and passes through the point .
Which equation defines ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 946ab892 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. An equation defining a linear function can be written in the form 𝑔𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope and
0, 𝑏 is the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔𝑥 in the xy-plane. It’s given that the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔𝑥 has a slope of 2. Therefore,
𝑚 = 2. It’s also given that the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔𝑥 passes through the point 1, 14. It follows that when 𝑥 = 1, 𝑔𝑥 = 14.
Substituting 1 for 𝑥, 14 for 𝑔𝑥, and 2 for 𝑚 in the equation 𝑔𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 14 = 21 + 𝑏, or 14 = 2 + 𝑏. Subtracting 2 from
each side of this equation yields 12 = 𝑏. Therefore, 𝑏 = 12. Substituting 2 for 𝑚 and 12 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑔𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
yields 𝑔𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 12. Therefore, the equation that defines 𝑔 is 𝑔𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 12.
Choice A is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔𝑥 in the xy-plane passes through the point 1, 2, not 1, 14.
Choice B is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔𝑥 in the xy-plane passes through the point 1, 4, not 1, 14.
Choice D is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔𝑥 in the xy-plane passes through the point 1, 16, not 1, 14.

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Question ID f75bd744

Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

ID: f75bd744 Answer

Question Difficulty: Hard

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

ID: d0e614a6 Answer

Substituting 2 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 35 2 + 34 𝑦 = 7, or 65 + 34 𝑦 = 35 6

corresponding values of 𝑦 for the given equation.

Question Difficulty: Hard

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: b3abf40f Answer

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 1c29bfd1 Answer

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

ID: dd875c97 Answer

Question Difficulty: Medium

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

Which of the following graphs in the xy-plane could be used to

ID: 6e6a3241 Answer

Question Difficulty: Medium

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

ID: e6cb2402 Answer

Question Difficulty: Hard

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: e470e19d Answer

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: f7e39fe9 Answer

Question Difficulty: Medium

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 415ab1d2 Answer

Question Difficulty: Hard

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

ID: f5929f7a Answer

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

ID: 6c71f3ec Answer

Question Difficulty: Hard

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

ID: 9aaf7786 Answer

Question Difficulty: Hard

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

A. Each game costs .

B. The video game system costs .

C. The video game system costs .

D. Each game costs .