1. After an uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction (MI), which graded exercise 10.

10. A PT is reviewing a medical record prior to examining a patient for the 1st time.
test should be administered to the patient before hospital discharge? The suspected diagnosis is multiple sclerosis. On the neurologist’s notes, the
1. Symptom limited GXT at 10 days post MI therapist finds the following: DTR, right quads is 2+, left quads is 4+. What is the
2. Low level GXT at 4 -6days post MI correct interpretation of these findings?
3. GXT to 85% age predicted maximum HR 3-5 days post MI 1. The right DTR is normal the left is abnormal
4. GXT to 75% age predicted maximum HR 4-6 days post MI 2. Both DTRs are abnormal and indicative of hyporeflexia
` 3. The right DTR is exaggerated, the left is clearly abnormal
2. A newborn is examined at birth using the APGAR test. Which of the following 4. Both DTRs are abnormal and indicative of UMN syndrome
APGAR results is a likely indicator of potential neurological complications?
1. 3 at 10 mins 11. A patient has an episode of syncope in the PT clinic. The therapist attempts to
2. 9 at 1 min rule out orthostatic hypotension as the cause of the fainting. What is the BEST test
3. 8 at 1 min protocol to use?
4. 8 at 5 mins 1. Palpate the carotid arteries and take resting HR and BP in the supine
position
3. A PT requested that a PTA performed US to the shoulder of a patient. During the 2. Take resting HR and BP in supine, then in sitting, then in standing after
treatment session, the patient experienced an electrical shock. In which situation 1 min
would the PT be responsible for any injury the patient might receive? 3. Take resting HR and BP in supine, after 5 mins, then in semi-fowler
1. Faulty circuitry position
2. The PTA failing to use a ground fault interrupter 4. Take resting HR and BP in sitting and after 3 and 5 mins of cycle
3. The patient touching the US device during treatment ergometry exercise
4. The PT having instructed the PTA to use a device has had
malfunctioned on the previous day 12. An inpatient with a grade 3 diabetic foot ulcer is referred for PT. Panafil has
been applied to the necrotic tissue BID. The wound has no foul smell, however, the
4. A patient with coronary artery disease received inpatient cardiac rehabilitation therapist notes a green tinge on the dressing. What is the BEST action for the
after a mild MI. The patient is now enrolled in an outpatient exercise class that therapist to take?
utilizes intermittent training. What is the BEST initial spacing of exercise/rest 1. Fit the patient with a total contact cast
intervals to safety stress the aerobic system? 2. Document the finding and contact the physician immediately
1. 5:1 3. Begin a trial of acetic acid to the wound
2. 1:1 4. Document the finding and continue with treatment
3. 10:1
4. 2:1 13. A PT receives a referral to examine the fall risk of an elderly patient with
parkinson’s disease who lives alone and has had 2 recent falls. Which activity is the
5. What is the BEST INITIAL intervention to improve functional mobility in an MOST common reason for falls in the elderly?
individual with a stable humeral neck fracture? 1. Walking with a roller walker with and brakes
1. Isometrics for all shoulder musculature 2. Climbing on a step stool to reach over objects
2. Heat modalities 3. Turning around and sitting down in a chair
3. AROM 4. Dressing while sitting on the edge of the bed
4. Pendulum exercises
14. A physical therapist is reviewing the medication list with OA during their initial
6. A patient with unilateral spondylolysis at L4 is referred for PT. The patient visit. All of the medicines/supplements they are taking were prescribed by one of
complains of generalized LBP when standing longer than 1 hr. Which strengthening their physicians. The therapist is concerned and has decided to call the patient’s
exercise is BEST for the subacute phase of this patient’s rehabilitation? primary care physician. Which combination of medications/supplements is a red
1. Multifundi working from neutral to full extension flag?
2. Abdominals working from neutral to full flexion 1. Naproxen 500mg bid and Tylenol 500mg qid
3. Multifundi working from full flexion back to neutral 2. Naproxen 500mg bid and Aleve 500mg bid
4. Abdominals working from full extension to full flexion 3. Naproxen 500mg bid and Glucosamine sulfate/chondroitin 400mg tid
4. Tylenol 500 mg qid and Fish oil 1,000 mg od
7. A patient has fixed forefoot varus malalignment. What possible compensatory
motion or posture might occur? 15. A 2 mo. Old child with bilat hip dislocations is being discharged from an acute
1. Excessive subtalar pronation pediatric facility. The PT has developed a home exercise program and now need to
2. Ipsilateral pelvic ER instruct the parents. What is the MOST important item for the therapist to assess
3. Hallux varus before instructing the parents?
4. Genu recurvatum 1. Their degree of anxiety and attention
2. Their knowledge of etiology of the hip dislocations
8. A patient presents with fingertips that are rounded and bulbous. The nail plate is 3. The home environment
more convex than normal. These changes are the likely result of which condition? 4. The financial reimbursement plan
1. Psoriasis
2. Chronic hypoxia from heart disease 16. A PT receives a referral for a young child that had been swung around while
3. Inflammation of the proximal and lateral nail folds being held from the wrists. The referral reads, ”functional disuse following
4. Trauma to the nail bed nursemaid’s elbow.” Which of the following commonly results from a forceful
longitudinal pull of the forearm of a child?
9. The PT is examining a patient for right neck pain and spasms. Several inflamed 1. Sup. sublux of the radial head from the annular ligament
submandibular nodes are noted. The nodes are approximately 1.0cm in size, tender, 2. Inf. sublux of the ulnar from the annular ligament
and erythematous. The patient has no known history of cancer or metabolic 3. Sup. sublux of the ulnar from the annular ligament
diseases. What is the FIRST action the therapist should take? 4. Inf. sublux of the radial head from the annular ligament
1. Question the patient regarding impact of neck pain and emotional
distress 17. Which is a typical early clinical manifestation of cystic fibrosis
2. Question the patient regarding any recent dental or throat infections 1. Increase in secretions of the endocrine system
3. Refer the patient for x ray imaging 2. Frequent recurrent UTI
4. Begin manual therapy lymphatic drainage 3. Excessive appetite and weight loss
4. Increase FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec) during pulmonary
function testing
18. Which of the following activities demonstrates an infant’s integration of the 26. An elderly individual has limited as a result of sedentary lifestyle. There is no
asymmetrical tonic neck reflex? history of cardiorespiratory problems. An exercise tolerance test was negative for
1. Turns head to one side and brings opposite hand to mouth coronary heart disease. What is the BEST initial exercise prescription for this
2. Can turn head to either side with extended arms individual?
3. Turns head to one side and brings hand to mouth on the same side 1. 40-50% HR max
4. Turns head to one side and looks at the extended arm on that side 2. 35-50% of Vo2max
3. 60-90% HR max
19. A physical therapy aide is cleaning a mat table with a new product supplied by 4. 30-50% of HR max
the housekeeping department. The spray from the cleaning agent contacted the
skin resulting in irritation, redness, and some swelling. The symptoms were minor 27. A patient is admitted to a coronary care unit with a mild myocardial infarction.
and abated within 20 mins. Later the aide informed the physical therapy supervisor After 2 days the patient is referred to PT for inpatient cardiac rehabilitation. During
of this situation. What action should the supervisor take? an initial exercise session on the unit, the patient reports chest pain, appears
1. Initiate first aid by rinsing the affected area with a skin cleanser and anxious and wants to go back to bed to rest. What is the therapist’s BEST initial
applying cortisone cream for the inflammation course of action?
2. Inform housekeeping to immediately cease using the cleaning agent 1. Assist the patient back to bed and contact the charge nurse on the
3. Fill out an incident/occurrence report and have the aide examined by floor
employee health or their own primary care 2. Sit the patient down and monitor vital signs carefully during the rest
4. Fill out an incident/occurrence and review the Material safety data period
sheet (MSDS) from Occupational safety and health administration 3. Assign the PTA to assist the patient back to bed and monitor vital signs
(OSHA) with the aide on how to properly handle the cleaning agent carefully
4. Terminate the exercise and contact the attending physician
20. During surgery to remove an apical lung tumor, the long thoracic nerve was immediately
injured. Muscle testing of the serratus anterior demonstrates its strength to be
3+/5. What is the BEST initial exercise for this patient? 28. A patient with a 10 yr history of scleroderma is referred for PT to improve
1. Standing wall push ups functional status and endurance. The patient was recently treated with
2. Standing arm overhead lifts using hand weights corticosteroids for a bout of myositis. Examination findings reveal limited ROM and
3. Supine arm overhead lifts using weights fibrotic soft tissue along with hyperesthesia. What is the BEST choice for initial
4. Sitting arm overhead lifts using a pulley intervention?
1. Treadmill walking using body weight support at an intensity of 40% HR
21. A PT examination reveals PSIS is low on the left; ASIS is high on the left; standing max
flexion test shows that the lest PSIS moves first and farthest superiorly; Gillet’s test 2. Active ROM exercises and walking in a therapeutic pool
demonstrates that the left PSIS moves inferiorly and laterally less than right; long 3. Closed chain and modified aerobic step exercise
sitting test shows that the left malleolus moves short to long; and the sitting flexion 4. Soft tissue mobilization and stretching
test is negative. Based on these findings, what is the therapist diagnosis?
1. Left upslip 29. An 89 y/o individual who is living independently in the home has a history of 3
2. Iliac inflare on the left falls in the last 3 mos. A referral was initiated to a home health agency for physical
3. Left posterior rotated innominate therapy and intervention. The visiting therapist begins the initial visit obtaining an
4. Left anterior rotated innominate accurate history including medications. Which of the following types of drugs are
strongly linked to falls in the elderly?
22. A patient recovering from a burn on the back of the hand is referred to physical 1. Medications that raise blood sugar
therapy for mobilization exercises. The therapist observes a 14 cm irregular area 2. Antidepressants
that is thick and pink. How should the therapist document this findings? 3. Multivitamins and calcium
1. Hypertrophic scarring 4. Thyroid medications
2. An excoriation
3. Atrophic scarring 30. A patient recovering from stroke with minimal LE weakness and spasticity is able
4. A scale to walk without an assistive device. The therapist observes that as the patient walks
there is noticeable hip hiking on the more affected side during swing phase. What is
23. A patient presents with partial and full thickness burns on the chest and neck the BEST initial intervention?
regions. The therapist decides to apply TENS before debridement to modulate pain. 1. Bridging exercises progressing to sit-to-stand training
Which TENS mode should provide the BEST relief? 2. Marching while sitting on a therapy ball
1. Acupuncture like (low rate) 3. Standing and marching with manual pressure applied downward on
2. Brief intense the pelvis
3. Modulated 4. Partial wall squats using a small ball held between the knees
4. Conventional (high rate)
31. The therapist is instructing a patient with TBI how to lock the brakes on a
24. A patient recovering from TBI demonstrates difficulties in feeding resulting from wheelchair. The patient is right handed and the right UE is more affected than the
an unstable posture while sitting. The therapist determines that modification is left. What is the BEST motor learning strategy to use with this patient?
necessary to ensure optimal function. What is the 1st body segment, or segments 1. Have the patient practice brake locking using the left hand to assist the
that the therapist should align? right
1. Trunk 2. Guide the patient’s right hand through the locking motions, then the
2. Pelvis left
3. Head 3. Verbally talk the patient through the locking motions, practicing with
4. LE both hands simultaneously
4. Have the patient practice locking the brakes first with the left hand
25. A patient demonstrates some out of synergy movements in the right UE and then with the right
indicative of stage 4 recovery after a left CVA. Which PNF pattern represents the
BEST choice to promote continued recovery of the right UE? 32. In neutral tension testing, what position will BEST bias the tibial nerve?
1. Bilat symmetrical D2F and D2E, elbows straight 1. SLR with PF and EV
2. Chop, reverse chop with right arm leading 2. SLR with DF and IV
3. Lift, reverse lift with right arm leading 3. SLR with PF and IV
4. Bilat symmetrical D1 thrust and reverse thrust 4. SLR with DF and EV
33. A therapist is examining a patient with COPD Gold stage 3. What would be a 41. A patient experiences color changes in the skin during position changes of the
clinical finding that the therapist would expect for this patient? foot. During elevation, pallor develops. When the limb is then positioned in the
1. Decreased subcostal angle seated hanging position, hyperemia develops. What do these changes indicate?
2. Increased anteroposterior to lateral chest ratio 1. Lymphedema
3. Use of supplemental oxygen 2. Arterial insufficiency
4. Weight gain 3. Deep vein thrombophlebitis
4. Chronic venous insufficiency
34. What muscle length test for the TFL is recommended in a patient with decreased
muscle length of the rectus abdominis? 42. An elderly and frail adult is referred to physical therapy for an examination of
1. Modified Ober test (knee ext) balance. The patient has a recent history of falls (2 in the last 6 mos). Based on
2. FAIR (flex, add, IR) test knowledge of balance changes in the elderly and scoring of standardized balance
3. Ober test (knee flex) measures, which of the following test results BEST indicates increased fall risk?
4. Ely’s test 1. Tinetti Performanced Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) score of
72
35. During a postural screen for chronic shoulder pain, the therapist observes 2. Functional reach of 7 inches
excessive IR of the shoulders and winging of the scapula during overhead motion. 3. Timed get up and go test result of 13 sec
What is the BEST choice for exercise intervention? 4. Berg balance score of 50
1. Strengthening of rhomboids and stretching of upper trapz
2. Strengthening of pectoral muscles and stretching of upper trapz 43. During an examination, a patient complains of right upper quadrant pain and
3. Strengthening of upper trapz and stretching of pectoral muscles tenderness. The PT percusses over the costal margin at the point where the lateral
4. Strengthening of middle and lower trapz and stretching of pectoral border of the rectus muscle intersects with the costal margin. The patient complains
muscles of acute pain and stops inspiratory effort. What does this patient’s response
indicate?
36. Examination of a patient with a dermal ulcer over the coccyx reveals a wound 1. Hernia
exposing the deep fascia. There is no necrotic tissue, exudate is minimal, and the 2. Acute cholecystitis
borders of the ulcer are diffusely covered with granulation tissue. Previous 3. Irritation of the psoas muscle by an inflamed appendix
treatment has included wet to dry dressings with normal saline. What is the BEST 4. Peritoneal inflammation
choice for intervention?
1. Hydrogel dressings and whirlpool immersion 44. An elderly woman is experiencing incontinence and is referred for PT. Her
2. Continuation of the same treatment history is an important part of the PT examination. What question should the
3. Wound irrigation with pressures below 15psi therapist ask to differentiate/diagnose stress urinary incontinence from the urge
4. Calcium alginate dressing surgery, using a time frame of the last 3 mos?
1. Did you experience a sudden urge and leak urine while hurrying to the
37. Based on the spinal defect shown in the diagram, what lumbar spinal motion toilet?
should be avoided? (PICTURE CAN’T BE COPIED) 2. Did you leak urine during sleep?
1. Rotation 3. Did you leak urine while sneezing or coughing?
2. Extension 4. Did you leak urine while sitting in a chair?
3. Lateral flexion
4. Flexion 45. The therapist is evaluating the need of a young child who is diagnosed with
myelodysplasia at the T10 level. What is the therapist’s BEST choice of mobility
38. A patient with a history of interstitial lung disease is being evaluated for device for this child to use in the school environment?
treatment of chronic back pain. The patient has been administered opioids for the 1. Bilat KAFO
pain. What potential side effects of opioid should be a concern? 2. Parapodium
1. Pulmonary hypertension, which would be a contraindication to 3. Bilateral HKAFO
exercise 4. Lightweight wheelchair
2. Respiratory depression, which could reduce the patient’s tolerance to
exercise 46. A patient has limited right rotation caused by left thoracic facet joint capsular
3. Reynaud’s syndrome, which could reduce the patient’s tolerance to tightness at T6-T7. What arthrokinematic glide would MOST effectively improve
therapeutic modalities right rotation in sitting?
4. DVT, which would be a contraindication to exercise 1. Sup and ant glide on the right T7 transverse process
2. Sup and ant glide on the left T7 transverse process
39. A patient with rapidly progressive symmetrical weakness that started in the 3. Sup and ant glide on the right T6 transverse process
distal LR muscles but now has ascended to include prox. Trunk and UE muscles. The 4. Sup and ant glide on the left T6 transverse process
motor segments if the lower cranial nerves are also showing impairment. The
patient complains of abnormal sensations of tingling and burning of the affected 47. In the photo below, the physical therapist is examining a recent ligament injury
extremities. Consciousness, cognition, and communication are all normal. These to the patient’s right knee. The examiner is applying a medially directed force at the
signs and symptoms are characteristics of what diagnosis? knee. The results reveal hypermobility with a ligamentous laxity end feel and pain.
1. Multiple sclerosis Based on this information, what ligament is injured and what is the grade of injury?
2. GBS 1. Lateral collateral ligament (LCL) grade 2
3. ALS 2. Lateral collateral ligament (LCL) grade 3
4. Postpolio syndrome 3. Medial collateral ligament (MCL) grade 2
4. Medial collateral ligament (MCL) grade 3
40. A patient recovering from surgery for triple CABG is scheduled to begin a phase
33 cardiac rehabilitation program. During the resistance training portion of the 48. A patient falls while walking in the // bars. The therapist is required to fill out an
circuit training program, the therapist instructs the patient to avoid the valsalva incident report of the event. In addition to the names of those involved, What
maneuver. What are the expected adverse effects of the valsalva maneuver? information is required in an incident report?
1. Slowing of pulse and increase venous pressure are possible 1. A description of the event, where the patient was injured, and the
2. The decreased return of blood to the heart can lead to pitting edema corrective actions to be taken
3. HR and BP are likely to be elevated 2. Witness reports and therapist’s opinion as to the cause
4. A cholinergic or vagal response can occur 3. What occurred, when and where it occurred, and witness statements
4. The cause of this fall and cross references to others who have fallen in
the parallel bards
49. A therapist is beginning manual lymphatic drainage for a patient recently checks for a response and finds the patient unresponsive. After activating the
diagnosed with secondary lymphedema in the left UE following a radical emergency response system (phone 911), what is the BEST action for the therapist
mastectomy. What is the BEST choice for initial bandaging of the limb? to take?
1. Long stretch compression wrap (Ace wrap) 1. Use the automated external defibrillator (AED) to shock the patient
2. Custom-made low elastic garment after 3 mins of CPR
3. Gauze wrap 2. Begin CPR and attach and use the AED ASAP
4. Short stretch compression wrap (Comprilan) 3. Give 100 chest compressions per min
4. Give 2 rescue breaths followed by 15 chest compressions, repeating
50. An elderly individual was found unconscious at home and was hospitalized with the cycle for at least 2 mins
a diagnosis of CVA. Examination by the PT reveals normal sensation and movement
on the right side of the body with impaired sensation (touch, pressure, and 57. A patient who was casted for 3 wks after a grade3 right ankle sprain has been
proprioception) and paralysis on the left side of the body. Whe left side of the lower referred to physical therapy for mobility exercises. Examination shows a loss of 10
face and trunk are similarly impaired. What is the MOST likely location of the CVA? deg of dorsiflexion. Which activity will be the MOST difficult for the patient?
1. Left parietal lobe 1. Ambulating over rough surfaces
2. Right parietal lobe 2. Descending stairs
3. Left side of brainstem 3. Ambulating barefoot
4. Spinal cord 4. Descending a ramp

51. The loss of sensory function in peripheral neuropathy is often among the 1st 58. An elderly patient presents to therapy after a fall onto an outstretched arm, now
noticeable symptoms. With large fiber damage, what is the typical pattern of the complaining of left wrist pain. The patient states medications are Aricept, Lasix, and
sensory loss? warfarin. The patient has difficulty describing the exact incident and is withdrawn
1. Allodynia of the feet accompanied by pronounced dorsiflexor and distant. Upon examination of the wrist the therapist notes multiple contusions
weakness along the left wrist and forearm, as well as limited AROM with pain onto extension.
2. Band like dysesthesisas and paresthesias in the hips and thighs What is the therapist’s next step in the process?
3. Paresthesias affecting primarily the proximal limb segments and 1. Halt the examination and call protective services to discuss possible
trunks elder abuse/neglect
4. Stocking and glove loss of light touch and position sense 2. Initiate treatment to modulate
3. Refer the patient to an orthopedic physician
52. The PT is supervising a phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation class of 10 patients. One of 4. Continue with the examination
the patients, who is being monitored with radiotelemetry, is having difficulty. Which
changes would be a criterion for terminating this exercise session? 59. Which is the BEST choice of manual therapy technique to correct a closing
1. An increase in systolic BP to 150 and diastolic BP to 90 restriction of T5 and T6?
2. 1mm ST segment depression, upsloping 1. Unilateral posteroanterior (PA) pressure at a 60 deg angle on the left
3. A 2nd degree atrioventricular heart block transverse process of T6 while stabilizing T5
4. An increase in HR 20 bpm above resting 2. Central posteroanterior (PA) pressure at a 60 deg on the spinous
process of T6 while stabilizing T5
53. A patient presents with severe claudication that is evident when walking 3. Unilateral posteroanterior (PA) pressure at a 45 deg angle on the right
distances greater than 200 ft. the patient also exhibits muscle fatigue and cramping transverse process of T6 while stabilizing T5
of both calf muscles. Upon examination, the PT finds the skin is pale and shiny with 4. Central posteroanterior (PA) pressure at a 45 deg angle on the spinous
some trophic nail changes. What is the BEST choice for this patient’s initial exercise process of T5 while stabilizing T6
program?
1. Avoid any exercise stress until the patient has been on calcium channel 60. A patient presents with an acute onset of vertigo overnight. Symptoms worsen
blockers for at least 2wk with rapid change in the head position. If the head is held still, symptoms subside
2. Begin with an interval walking program, exercising just to the point of usually within 30-60 secs. What is the MOST likely cause of these symptoms?
pain 1. Meniere’s disease
3. Utilize NWB exercises such as cycle ergometry 2. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)
4. Utilize a walking program of moderate intensity, instructing the 3. Bilateral vestibular neuritis
patient that some pain is expected and to be tolerated 4. Acoustic neuroma

54. A patient is hospitalized with diabetes and a large stage 2 plantar ulcer located 61. A patient with a significant history of coronary artery disease is currently taking
over the right heel. The patient has been NWB for the past 2 wks as a result of the atropine. Based on knowledge of this medication, what are the expected effects?
ulcer. What is the BEST choice for this patient’s initial intervention? 1. Increased HR and contractility at rest
1. Wash the foot and apply skin lubricants’ followed by a transparent 2. Increased myocardial ischemia
film dressing 3. Palpitations at rest and with exercises
2. Clean and bandage with a sterile gauze dressing 4. Orthostatic hypotension
3. Refer the patient for a surgical consult
4. Clean and debride the wound and apply a hydrogel dressing 62. A patient recovering from stroke is taking warfarin (Coumadin). What potential
adverse reactions are associated with this medication?
55. A PT is prescribing a wheelchair for a patient with left hemiplegia who is of 1. Hematuria and ecchymosis
average height (5ft 7 inches). Which of the following is the BEST choice to improve 2. Palpitations and edema
the patient’s function? 3. Edema and dermatitis
1. Desk armrests 4. Cellulitis and xeroderma
2. A 20 inch seat heights
3. A 17.5 inch seat height 63. The PT reviewes the laboratory results of a admitted to the acute care hospital
4. Elevate leg rests yesterday. Hematocrit 45%, fasting blood glucose 180 mg/dL, and cholesterol 180
mg/dL. Based on these laboratory results, what condition is MOST likely?
1. Polycythemia vera
2. Hyperglycemia of diabetes
3. Anemia
4. Hyperlipidemia
56. A patient who is participating in a cardiac rehabilitation program suddenly 64. A patient recovering from a stroke is having difficulty with stair climbing. During
collapses and falls to the floor. The PT is the lone rescuer on site. The therapist ascent, the patient is able to position the more involved foot on the step above but
is unable to transfer the weight up to the next stair level. What is the BEST exercise 3. Supine with both knees flexed
intervention to remediate this problem? 4. Prone with no pillow
1. Bridging, holding
2. Standing side steps 72. A patient recovering from stroke demonstrates hemiparesis of the right UE with
3. Standing partial wall squats moderate flexion and extension synergies (flexion stronger than extension). The
4. Plantigrade, knee flexion with hip extension therapist’s goal is to strengthen the shoulder muscles first to promote elevation of
the arm. What is the BEST exercise intervention to achieve this goal?
65. An elderly patient has been hospitalized and on complete bed rest for 10 days. A 1. Shoulder abd with elbow flex
PT referral requests mobilization out of bed and ambulation. The patient complains 2. Shoulder flex with elbow ext
of aching in the right calf. The therapist’s examination reveals calf tenderness with 3. Shoulder horiz. add with elbow ext
slight swelling and warmth. What is the BEST course of action for the therapist? 4. Shoulder horiz. add with elbow flex
1. Begin with ankle pump exercises in bed and then ambulate
2. Postpone ambulation and report the findings immediately 73. A physical therapist shines a light into a patient’s eye and observes the pupil of
3. Ambulate the patient with support stocking on the eye. Constriction of the pupil results. Which cranial nerve is being tested?
4. Use only AROM exercises with the patient sitting at the edge of the 1. VI
bed 2. IV
3. II
66. A 9y/o boy with DMD is referred for home care. How should the therapist begin 4. III
the examination?
1. Ask the parents to outline the boy’s past rehabilitation successes 74. A patient is referred for PT after a graded exercise test. The physician reports the
2. Ask the child and his parents to describe the boy’s most serious test was positive and had to be terminated at 7 mins. Which of the following criteria
functional limitations is an absolute indication for terminating exercise testing?
3. Perform a complete motor examination 1. Mild angina and dyspnea with progressive increases in the treadmill
4. Perform a functional examination using the weeFIM speed and grade
2. Hypertensive response with BP of at least 170/95
67. During an examination of an adolescent female who complains of ant. knee 3. ST segment depression from baseline for 3 mm horizontal or
pain, the PT observes that the LE shows medial femoral tension and toeing in downsloping depression
position of the feet. What pathology of the hip is commonly associated with medial 4. ECG changes from baseline of 1 mm ST segment elevation
femoral tension and toeing in?
1. Retroversion 75. A college soccer player sustained a hyperextension knee injury of the plant leg
2. Anteversion while kicking the ball with the other LE. The patient was taken to the emergency
3. IR room of a local hospital and was diagnosed with “knee sprain”. The patient was
4. ER sent to PT the next day for rehabilitation. As part of the examination, the therapist
conducts the test shown in the figure. Based on a positive test, what type of
68. A patient with osteoporosis and no fractures complains of increased mid and exercise intervention is indicated during the acute phase of treatment? (PICTURE
LBP during breathing and other functional activities. What is the MOST beneficial CAN’T BE COPIED)
exercise intervention for this patient? 1. Open chain terminal knee extension exercises
1. Trunk flex and rot exercises 2. Closed chain terminal knee extension exercises
2. Trunk flex and ext exercises 3. Plyometric functional exercises
3. Trunk ext and abdominal stabilization exercises 4. Agility exercises
4. Trunk rot and abdominal stabilization exercises
76. A patient with a grade 3 diabetic ulcer is being treated with a calcium alginate
69. A single 22 y/o woman who is 3 mos pregnant arrives at a therapist’s private wound dressing. What are the primary indications for this type of wound dressing?
practice complaining of shoulder and leg pain. She has a black eye and some 1. Provide semirigid support for the limb while maintaining a sterile field
bruising at the wrists. The state in which the therapist practices has direct access. 2. Facilitate autolytic debridement and absorb exudate
What is the BEST course of action for the therapist? 3. Absorb exudate and allow rapid moisture evaporation
1. Examine the patient, and if abuse in suspected, report the findings to 4. Restrict bacteria from the wound while supporting the tissues
the appropriate authorities
2. Administer massage for bruising, TENS, and ice modalities for pain, as 77. The PT receives a referral to treat a hospitalized patient with adhesive capsulitis.
indicated by the examination findings. The patient is recovering from a recent hepatitis B infection. What precautions
3. Direct the patient to the nearest ambulatory care center for physician should the therapist observes?
evaluation 1. Use droplet transmission precautions
4. Refuse to examine the patient and send her to the nearest emergency 2. Use contact precautions
system 3. Ask the patient to wear gloves and avoid contact
4. Wear PPE when transporting the patient to therapy
70. An elderly patient presents with a stage 3 decubitus ulcer on the plantar surface
of the right foot. After a series of conservative interventions with limited success, 78. A patient with a transtibial amputation is learning to walk using a PTB prosthesis
the therapist chooses to apply ES for tissue repair. What is the BEST electrical and is having difficulty maintaining knee stability from heelstrike to foot flat. Which
current to administer in this case? muscles are MOST likely weak?
1. Medium frequency burst current 1. Hip flexors
2. High volt monophasic pulsed current 2. Back extensors
3. Medium frequency beat current 3. Knee extensors
4. Low volt biphasic pulsed current 4. Knee flexors

71. A patient presents with pain radiating down the post. hip and thigh as a result 79. A patient with history of coronary artery disease and recent myocardial
of a herniated disc in the lumbar spine. The therapist decides to apply mechanical infarction is exercising in an inpatient cardiac rehabilitation program. Because the
traction. If the patient can tolerate it, what is the preferred patient position? patient is new, continuous ECG telemetry monitoring is being done. The therapist
1. Supine with one knee flexed observes the following. What is the therapist BEST course of action?
2. Prone with pillow under the abdomen
 1. Have the patient sit down, continue monitoring and notify the 2. Bell’s palsy
physician immediately 3. Trigeminal neuralgia
2. Activate the emergency response team 4. Myasthenia gravis
3. Have the patient sit down, rest, and then resume the exercise at a
lower intensity 87. A patient with a recent history of rib fractures suddenly becomes SOB during a
4. Have the patient sit down, and send him/her back to the room after a bout of coughing. The patient looks panicked and complains of sharp pain in the left
brief rest period chest. A quick screen shows a deviated trachea to the right, among other signs and
symptoms. What is the MOST likely diagnosis based on these symptoms?
80. A patient recovering from TBI is unable to bring the right foot up on the step 1. Pulmonary emboli
during stair climbing training. What is the BEST choice to promote independent stair 2. Pneumothorax
climbing for this patient? 3. Angina
1. Practice marching in place 4. Mucous plugging of an airway
2. Strengthen the hip flexors using an isokinetic training device before
attempting stair climbing 88. A patient presents with supraspinatus tendinitis. After the initial cryotherapy,
3. Passively bring the foot up and place it on the 7 inch step the therapist decides to apply US. In what position should the therapist place the
4. Practice stair climbing inside the parallel bars using a 3 inch step shoulder jt. in order to effectively treat the supraspinatus tendon?
1. Add and ER
81. The PT is completing genera; activity recommendations for a group of young 2. Slight abd and IR
adults with emotional and behavioral issues. All patients are chemically controlled 3. Add and IR
with either antipsychotic or antidepressant medications. Full time supervision is 4. Slight abd and ER
available for any activity recommended. Which exercise considerations would be
important in this situation? 89. A patient is referred for postmastectomy rehabilitation. During the IE, the
1. Avoid games with throwing activities to prevent injuries therapist observes an irregular area of skin on the patient’s shoulder about 7mm in
2. Promote rhythmic to soothing music to avoid agitation diameter. The patient reports that there has always been a mole there but is more
3. Promote activities with sequential movements to improve memory prominent lately and that the color has changed, now ranging from black to red to
4. Avoid aerobic exercises outdoors when temperature is over 90deg F blue. How should the therapist document this findings?
1. Papule
82. Following an initial functional examination using the Functional Independence 2. Wheal
Measure (FIM), a patient is found to require minimal contact assistance in 3. Atypical dysplastic nevus
transferring from sit-to stand and bed to wheelchair. Which of the following 4. Benign nevus
accurately documents these results?
1. FIM level 4; completes activity with 75% or more of the effort 90. A patient is 2 days, post left CVA and has been moved from the ICU to a stroke
2. FIM level 6; completes activity with extra time unit. When beginning the examination, the therapist finds the patient’s speech slow
3. FIM level 5; completes activity with cueing and hesitant. The patient is limited to one and two word productions and
4. FIM level 3; completes activity with 50% or more but less than 75% of expressions are awkward and arduous. However, the patient demonstrates good
the effort comprehension. What type of speech disorder is the patient exhibiting?
1. Fluent aphasia
83. The therapist is on a home visit, scheduled at lunchtime, visiting an 18 mo/old 2. Global aphasia
with moderate developmental delay. The therapist notices that the child and 3. Nonfluent aphasia
mother are experiencing difficulties with feeding. The child is slumped down in the 4. Dysarthria
highchair and is unsuccessfully attempting to use a raking grasp to lift cereal piece
to the mouth. Both the child and the mother are frustrated. Which intervention 91. A patient recovering from TBI s functioning at level IV on the Rancho Los Amigos
should the therapist work on 1st? Levels of Cognitive Functioning Scale. During the therapist IE, the patient becomes
1. Recommend that the mother return to breastfeeding for a few more agitated and tries to bite the therapist. What is the therapist’s BEST course of
months action?
2. Work on desensitizing the gag reflex 1. Postpone the examination for 1 wk and the try again
3. Recommend that the mother feed the child baby food instead of 2. Restructure the formal examination so the therapist can complete it in
cereal for a few more months 3 very short sessions
4. Reposition the child in a proper sitting position using postural supports 3. Document the behaviors and engage in a calming activity
4. Postpone the examination until later in the day when the patient
84. A patient is referred to PT with a diagnosis of “frozen shoulder”. Which of the calms down
following is the BEST choice of technique to mobilize the shoulder?
1. Lat. glide in neutral position 92. A therapist is working in a cardiac care unit in an acute care facility. After
2. Inf. glide at 55 deg of abd exercising a patient recovering from a ventricular infarct, the therapist notices
3. Post. glide at 10 deg of abd fatigue and dyspnea after mild activity. Later that day, on a return visit, the
4. Inf. glide at 95 deg of abd therapist notices the patient has a persistent spasmodic cough while lying in bed,
HR is rapid (140) and slight edema is evident in both ankles. The patient appears
85. A patient presents with insidious onset of pain in the jaw that is referred to the anxious and agitated. What are these signs and symptoms characteristic of?
head and neck regions. As best as the patient can recall, it may be related to biting 1. Developing pericarditis
into something hard. Cervical ROM is limited in flexion by 20 deg, cervical lat flex. 2. Right ventricular failure
limited to the left by 10 deg. Mandibular depression is 10 mm with deviation to the 3. Impending MI
left, protrusion is 4mm, and lateral deviation is 15 mm to the right and 6mm to the 4. Left ventricular failure
left. What is the MOST likely diagnosis given this patient’s symptoms?
1. Weak lat. pterygoid on the right
2. Weak lat. pterygoid on the left
3. Capsule ligamentous pattern of TMJ on the left
4. cervical spine and TMJ capsular restrictions on the left 93. A patient with ant. knee pain has increased adduction and internal rotation at
86. A patient has been referred to PT with a diagnosis of cervicogenic headaches. the hip when performing a squat. Which muscles are MOST likely weak, causing this
During the IE, the therapist notes clinical findings of a droopy eyelid, constricted compensatory movement?
pupil (a pinpoint pupil) and lack of sweating on the same side of the face. What is 1. Knee flexors and extensors
the MOST likely diagnosis based on this group of symptoms? 2. Hip adductors and internal rotators
1. Horner’s syndrome 3. Hip and knee flexors
 4. Hip abductors and external rotators 102. When performing scoliosis screening in a school setting, what is the optimal
age for girls to be screened?
94. A patient has been taking corticosteroids (hydrocortisone) for management of 1. 6-8
adrenocortical insufficiency and is referred to PT for mobility training after a 2. 9-11
prolonged hospitalization. What are the potential adverse effects from prolonged 3. 12-14
use of this medication? 4. 15-17
1. Hypotension and myopathy
2. Decreased appetite and weight loss 103. A patient with a confined left C6 nerve root compression d/t foraminal
3. Atrophy and osteoporosis encroachment complains of pain in the left thumb and index finger. What is the
4. Confusion and depression MOST effective cervical motion to alleviate this patient’s pain?
1. Lower cervical flexion
95. A PT is treating a patient with deep partial thickness burns over 35% of the body 2. Right rotation
(chest and arms). Wound cultures reveal a bacterial count in excess of 105/g of 3. Lower cervical extension
tissue on the ant. left arm. What are the reasonable expectations for this type of 4. Left side bending
burn wound?
1. With antibiotics, spontaneous healing can be expected 104. A patient is standing with excessive subtalar pronation. Which of the following
2. The risk of hypertrophic and keloid scars is low because there is no indicates the obligatory motions that accompany this condition?
viable tissue 1. Tibial, femoral, and pelvic ER
3. The burn area is pain free because all nerve endings in the dermal 2. Tibial and femoral IR with pelvic ER
tissue were destroyed 3. Tibial and femoral ER with pelvic IR
4. The infected wound can convert the area to a full-thickness burn 4. Tibial, femoral, and pelvic IR

96. Recently, a 10 y/o patient has begun walking with supination of the right foot. 105. Which of the following conditions associated with pelvic floor muscle
With the shoe off, the therapist finds a new callus on the lateral side of the dysfunction may actually worsen when treated Kegel exercises?
metatarsal head of the 5th toe. Which f the following is the BEST choice for orthotic 1. Interstitial cystitis
prescription for this patient? 2. Stress incontinence
1. Thomas heel 3. Pelvic organ prolapse
2. Viscoelastic shoe insert with a forefoot medial wedge 4. Chronic constipation
3. Viscoelastic shoe insert with a forefoot lateral wedge
4. Scaphoid pad 106. A therapist is applying a symmetrical biphasic pulsed current to the vastus
medialis to improve patellar tracking during knee extension. The patient complains
97. A patient is recovering from a right THR (posterolateral incision, cementless that the current is uncomfortable. To make the current more tolerable to the
fixation). During initial healing, What is the MOST appropriate type of bed to patient, yet maintain a good therapeutic effect, what should the therapist adjust?
wheelchair transfer to teach this patient? 1. Current polarity
1. Squat pivot transfer to the surgical side 2. Pulse duration
2. Lateral slide transfer to the surgical side using a transfer board 3. Current intensity
3. Stand pivot transfer to the sound side 4. PR
4. Stand pivot transfer to the surgical side
107. Which of the following GIT sources of pain can refer to the shoulder?
98. During an initial interview and history, a patient with a right CVA seems 1. Esophageal pain
unconcerned about obvious paralysis of the left arm and leg. When the therapist 2. Colon or appendix pain
asks the patient to describe what happened, the patient says, “I must have slept 3. Spleen or diaphragmatic pain
wrong and my arm and leg fell asleep.” The patient further tells the therapist, “My 4. Gallbladder pain
family put me in this place so they could go on vacation.” Which type of perceptual
disorders BEST characterizes the patient’s response? 108. A patient presents with symptoms of uncoordinated eye movements, profound
1. Anosognosia gait and trunk ataxia, and difficulty with postural orientation to vertical. Balance
2. Prosopagnosia deficits are pronounced in standing which eyes open and eyes closed. Examination
3. Spatial relations disorder of the extremities reveals little change in tone or coordination. What is the likely
4. Somatoagnosia CNS location of the patient’s dysfunction?
1. Premotor cortex
99. The therapist is treating a child with mild developmental delay secondary to 7 2. Vestibulocerebellum
wks prematurity at birth. The child is now 8 months old and is just learning to sit. 3. Spinocerebellum
Which is the BEST choice for a training activity? 4. Basal ganglia
1. Sideward protective extension in sitting
2. Supine tilting reactions 109. A patient with a 10y/o history of diabetes complains of cramping, pain, and
3. Standing tilting reactions fatigue of the right buttock after walking 400 ft or climbing stairs. When the patient
4. Prone tilting reactions stops exercising, the pain goes away immediately. The skin of the involved leg is
cool and pale. The therapist checks the record and finds no mention of this
100. The picture depicts a patient who is learning to take her own pulse. What is the problem. Given this patient’s syndrome, what is the likely diagnosis?
patient doing incorrectly? (PICTURE CAN’T BE COPIED) 1. PNI
1. Taking the pulse with the forearm supinated 2. Spinal root impingement
2. Palpating the ulnar artery 3. Raynaud’s phenomenon
3. Assessing the pulse with the thumb 4. Peripheral arterial disease
4. Palpating the right arm as opposed to the more accurate left arm
110. A patient with LBP has marked elevation of BP and complains of mild to severe
101. A patient with complete SCI at the level of T11 is on a bowel program. Which of mid abdominal pain that increases upon exertion. Palpation reveals a pushing mass
the follow is the MOST effective bowel training program for this patient? in the lower abdomen. What is the therapist’s BEST course of action?
1. Diet and medications to manage a flaccid bowel 1. Discontinue treatment and notify the patient’s physician immediately
2. Digital stimulation of intact defecation reflexes 2. Provide hot packs to the abdomen to help relieve the muscle spasm
3. Manual removal of stool from the rectum 3. Instruct the patient to contact his/her physician at the conclusion of
4. Medications such as laxatives for passive elimination therapy
 4. Instruct in relaxation exercises because a pulsating mass is not unusual
with hypertension 118. A mother brings her 8 wk old infant to be examined at early intervention clinic
because she noticed that the infant was taking steps in supported standing at 2 wks
111. A patient presents for the IE with an acute and painful shoulder impingement. but is not able to do it now. What should the therapist do given the infant’s
During the examination, the PT finds significantly increased muscle guarding around symptoms and behaviors?
the shoulder girdle with difficulty in accurately assessing jt. mobility. Which manual 1. Recommend that the mother bring the infant to a pediatric neurologist
therapy technique is the BEST option to use to assist in performing a proper 2. Explain that this was abnormal and it is a good sing that it has
assessment? disappeared
1. Maitland grade 3 post. glide to the GH jt. 3. Recommend that a full developmental examination be performed by
2. Maitland grade 2 oscillation to the GH jt. the early intervention team
3. Maitland grade 3 inf. glide to the GH jt. 4. Explain that this is normal and that this early automatic walking is a
4. Maitland grade 4 inf. glide to the GH jt. newborn response

112. A frail, elderly wheelchair dependent resident of a community nursing home 119. A patient complains of pain with mouth opening that makes it difficult to eat
has a diagnosis of organic brain syndrome, moderate Alzheimer’s type dementia. foods that require chewing. Which of the following provides the normal limits of
During the therapist’s initial interview, the patient demonstrates limited interaction mouth opening that should guide the therapist’s examination?
and mild agitation and keeps trying to wheel the chair down the hall. Because it is 1. 15-24 mm
late in the day, the therapist decides to resume the examination the next morning. 2. 35-50 mm
How should the therapist document this in the medical record? 3. 51-65 mm
1. Disorientation to time and date 4. 66-74 mm
2. Inattention as a result of short term memory loss
3. Frustration because of an inability to communicate 120. While providing sports coverage at a local high school, a physical therapist is
4. Sundowning behavior asked to examine an athlete with a knee injury. Based on the MOI, the therapist
suspects rupture of the ACL. What test should be performed immediately to identify
113. A patient with a right transfemoral amputation is undergoing prosthetic gait a torn ACL?
training. What is the BEST technique to use to improve the patient’s shortened step 1. McMurray’s test
length on the right? 2. Reverse Lachman’s stress test
1. Provide ant. directed resistance to the right PSIS during swing 3. Lachman’s stress test
2. Provide post. directed resistance to the left ASIS during swing 4. Posterior sag test
3. Provide post. directed resistance to the right ASIS during stance
4. Facilitate the gluteals with tapping over the muscle belly 121. A patient presents with complaints of tingling and paresthesias in the median
nerve distribution of the right forearm and hand. The following test were found
114. An elderly, frail resident of an extended care facility has intractable negatively bilaterally. Adson’s, hyperabduction, costoclavicular, Phalen’s and the
constipation. During a scheduled visit from the PT, the patient complains of ulner nerve Tinel’s sign. Based on this information, what is the likely diagnosis?
abdominal pain and tenderness. Where may this patient experience referred pain? 1. Ulnar nerve entrapment
1. Buttock, thigh, and post. leg 2. Pronator teres syndrome
2. Ant. hip, groin, or thigh region 3. TOS
3. Low back and front of the thigh to the knee 4. CTS
4. Medial thigh and leg
122. A young adult patient is referred to outpatient PT for an insidious onset of
115. An adult patient is diagnosed with TOS, The patient presents with guarding in thoracic spine stiffness and mild pain. The patient reports a great deal of difficulty
the upper trapz and scalene muscles. Given this situation, which technique would moving the mid back region in the morning and states that this has become
be the MOST effective way to decrease the muscle guarding and provide pain relief? progressively worse over the past 6 mos. The neurological exam is negative. Based
1. Maitland grade 5 manipulation of the C6-C7 jt on these symptoms, what is likely diagnosis?
2. Maitland grade 2 mobilization of the atlantoaxial jt 1. Pneumothorax
3. Maitland grade 3 mobilization of the C6-C7 jt 2. Thoracic compression fracture
4. Maitland grade 5 manipulation of the 1st rib 3. Ankylosing spondylitis
4. Lyme disease
116. A patient presents with decreased motion at the occipitoatlantal jt. The PT
wants to use the principles of couple motions that occur in that area of the spine 123. A young patient presents with primary lymphedema of the right LE. What is
during manual therapy techniques. In order to improve OA mobility, when the the BEST choice for initial exercise?
occiput is side bent to the right, how should the therapist mobilize C1? 1. Treadmill walking
1. Into rotation to the left 2. Treadmill jogging
2. Into rotation to the right 3. Exercising on a stair climbing machine
3. Back into extension 4. Step aerobics
4. Forward into flexion

124. An elderly patient is recovering from a right CVA and demonstrates strong
spasticity in the left UE. The therapist wants to reduce the expected negative side
effects of spasticity in the left UE while the patient is working on sitting control.
117. An apparently healthy individual has several risk factors for coronary artery What is the BEST position for the UE?
disease. The client is interested in improving overall fitness and cardiac health. After 1. Left elbow flexed with arm resting on supporting pillow, positioned on
a graded exercise test, which was asymptomatic, the client is referred for an the patient’s lap
exercise class. Which is the BEST measure of exercise intensity in a newly tested and 2. Affected UE extended and internally rotated with the hand at the side
exercising individual? 3. Left shoulder abducted and externally rotated with elbow extended
1. HR and weight supported on the palm of the hand
2. Rating of Perceive Exertion (RPE) 4. Left shoulder adducted and internally rotated with arm extended and
3. MET level hand resting on the thigh
4. RR
125. During an IE, the therapist occludes vision by having the patient close the eyes. 3. Calcaneofibular ligament
What can the therapist effectively examine? 4. Anterior talofibular ligament
1. Discriminative touch and fast pain but not proprioception
2. Vestibular/visual/ somatosensory integration 134. A patient with possible ligamentous injury of the knee presents with excessive
3. Conscious proprioception but not discriminative touch tibial ER. Which ligament is MOST LIKELY to be injured?
4. Somatosensory integrity 1. Posterior cruciate
2. Medial patellofemoral
126. An adolescent felt a “clunk” in the lumbar spine 2wks ago while lifting weights. 3. Anterior cruciate
There was immediate right lumbar pain and spasm. Posteroanterior and bilateral 4. Medial collateral
radiographic views of the lumbar spine were normal except T4 was shifted approx. 1
mm ant. to L5 on the on the lat views. Which of the following imaging techniques 135. A middle aged patient has been undergoing long term corticosteroid treatment
would give the PT the best information regarding a diagnosis and formulating a plan for pulmonary sarcoidosis. D/T the side effects of treatment, which intervention is
of care for this individual? the MOST important component to the patient’s PT plan of care?
1. Posteroanterior computed tomography scan 1. Supplemental oxygen use
2. Posteroanterior T1 MRI 2. Resisted exercise for prox. Muscle strengthening
3. Bilat. Oblique radiographs 3. Acapella for airway clearance
4. Right oblique radiograph 4. Education on pursed lip breathing

127. A physical therapist is examining a patient who reports bilat. groin pain during 136. A therapist is treating a patient with a diagnosis of right shoulder rotator cuff
weight bearing activities. Which item noted during the review of systems will have tendinitis. The findings of a work site ergonomic assessment indicate that the
the MOST impact on the therapist’s prognosis for this patient? worker is required to perform repetitive teaching activities above shoulder height.
1. 15 lbs overweight Which of the following is the MOST beneficial work site modification?
2. Hypertension and hyperlipidemia 1. Reposition the height of the shelf and items to below shoulder height
3. Diabetes 2. Provide the worker with a taller, sit, stand chair
4. Crohn’s disease 3. Allow the worker to take more frequent rests to avoid overuse
4. Provide the worker with a standing desk for daily activities
128. A patient with CN V is referred to the physical therapist. What are the expected
examination findings? 137. The patient has a 5th rib that is “stuck” in the position of maximal inspiration.
1. Sudden severe pains in the ophthalmic division of CN V Which technique is BEST to improve the rib mobility and assist it in returning to its
2. Paroxysomal and severe pain originating from the mandibular or resting position?
maxillary division of CN V 1. Maitland grade IV mobilization of the head of the rib at the
3. Unilateral sensory loss of the ophthalmic division of CN V costovertebral jt. in the superior direction
4. Bilateral sensory loss of CN V in all 3 divisions 2. Maitland grade II mobilization of the head of the rib at the
costovertebral jt. in the superior direction
129. A patient with hypothyroidism and poor drug compliance is referred to PT 3. Maitland grade IV mobilization of the head of the rib at the
following a fall. What symptoms might be evident during exercise based on this costovertebral jt. in the inferior direction
diagnosis? 4. Maitland grade II mobilization of the head of the rib at the
1. Paresthesias of the lower limbs costovertebral jt. in the inferior direction
2. Elevated cardiac output
3. Sinus tachycardia and arrhythmias 138. A patient with a fibular fracture complains of weakness in the RLE following
4. Myalgia and weakness cast removal. Examination reveals measurable loss of muscle bulk (2 inch girth
difference between the right and left legs). The therapist suspects neurogenic
130. A group of researchers utilized meta-analysis to identify the evidence for atrophy and next examines tone. Which finding is consistent with this diagnosis?
aerobic fitness exercises in the management of fibromyalgia. 13 RCT and 3 1. Normal tone
controlled clinical trials (cohort studies and case control studies) were selected. 2. Hypotonia
What is the main difference between the 2 types of trials? 3. Dystonia
1. Duration of the studies 4. Hypertonia
2. Use of multiple centers versus single center trials
3. Length of the studies 139. A patient has a 10 yr history of PVD affecting the right LE. During auscultation
4. Use of randomization of subjects of the popliteal artery, what would the therapist expect to find?
1. A positive Homan’s sign
131. A patient with a complete SCI at the level of T1 (ASIA A) is in the community 2. Intense pain and cramping
phase of mobility training. In order for the patient to navigate a 4 inch height curb 3. A bruit
with the wheelchair, what should the therapist tell the patient to do? 4. 4+ pulses
1. Ascend backward with the large wheels first
2. Descend backward with the trunk upright and arms hooked around
the push handles
3. Lift the front casters and ascend in a wheelie position
4. Place the front casters down first during descent 140. When performing the Thomas test, the patient’s thigh does not touch the
table, indicating limited hip ext. The amount of limited hip ext does not change
132. A patient with a long history of systemic steroid use for asthma control is when the ipsilateral knee is extended. What is the range limiting muscle?
hospitalized with pneumonia. Which of the following is a contraindication to 1. Rectus femoris
percussion? 2. Tensor fascia lata
1. Barrel chest 3. Biceps femoris
2. BP> 140/90 4. Iliopsoas
3. Intercostal muscle wasting
4. Decreased bone density 141. A teenager presents to the clinic with vague left hip and groin pain that
worsens with weight bearing The PT’s examination reveals limited and painful hip
133. The physical therapist is examining the patient’s left ankle. The test pictured IR, antalgic gait, and a weak gluteus medius. Based upon this clinical presentation,
below is testing the integrity of which structure? (PICTURE CAN’T BE COPIED) what is the MOST likely diagnosis?
1. Anterior tibiofibular ligament 1. Gluteus muedius muscle strain
2. Tibiotalar ligament 2. Oligoarticular juvenile RA
 3. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis 2. S4 heart sound, crackles on lung auscultation, increased jugular vein
4. Legg calve perthes disease distention
3. S2 heart sound, crackles on lung auscultation, decreased jugular vein
142. A patient with a transfemoral amputation and an above knee prosthesis distention
demonstrates knee instability while standing. The patient’s knee buckles easily 4. S2 heart sound, wheezes on lung auscultation, increased jugular vein
when performing weight shifts. What is the MOST likely cause of the problem? distention
1. Weak gluteus medius
2. Prosthetic knee set too far anterior to the TKA line 149. A PT is observing a child who is typically developing and has just begun to walk
3. Tight extension aid within the last month. Which of the following is expected in a child just learning to
4. Prosthetic knee set too far posterior to the trochanter knee ankle line walk?
1. Neural hip position
143. An older adult at risk for falls has undergone a structured home based exercise 2. Bilateral hip adduction
program that consisted of standing balance training and strengthening exercises. 3. Genu valgum
Which measure is the BEST choice to document improvements? 4. ER of the hips
1. Timed up and go test
2. Berg balance test 150. Where should a therapist’s hand/fingers be located for posteroanterior
3. 6 minute walk test mobilization to improve down gliding/closure of the T7-8 facet jts?
4. Performance oriented mobility assessment (Tinetti) 1. Spinous process of T6
2. Transverse processes of T8
144. A middle aged patient complains of “throbbing pain” in the lumbar region with 3. Spinous process of T8
activities upon exertion, such as walking up a flight of steps or playing tennis. The 4. Transverse processes of T7
patient expresses no complaints of pain with bending, twisting, sitting, standing, or
walking any distance. Active movements of the lumbar spine are full and pain free. 151. A patient complains of waking up several times at night from severe “pins and
Provocation testing is negative. Neurological signs are unremarkable. There is no needles” in the right hand. On awakening, the hand feels numb for half an hour and
significant tenderness to palpation. What is the MOST likely diagnosis for this fine hand movements are impaired. The therapist’s examination reveals sensory
patient? loss and paresthesias in the thumb, index, middle, and lateral half of the ring finger,
1. Lumbar disc herniation and reduced grip and pinch strength. Some thenar atrophy is present. Based on
2. Aortic aneurysm these examination findings, what is the MOST appropriate diagnosis?
3. Quadratus lumborum muscle strain 1. Pronator teres syndrome
4. Sacroiliac jt sprain 2. Ulnar nerve entrapment
3. Thoracic outlet syndrome
145. A patient who is undergoing spinal cord rehabilitation is viewed as 4. Carpal tunnel syndrome
uncooperative by staff. The patient refuses to complete the training activities
outlined to promote independent functional mobility. A review of history reveals 152. A patient is referred for PT with a diagnosis of degenerative joint disease (DJD),
that previously the patient was the director of a company with a staff of 20. What is affecting C2 and C3. The patient complains of pain and stiffness in the cervical
the MOST appropriate action the therapist can take? region and transient dizziness with some cervical motions. What is the BEST IE
1. Have the patient work with a supervisor who is a person in authority procedure?
2. Refer the patient to a support group before resuming rehabilitation 1. Vertebral artery test
3. Involve the patient in goal setting and structuring the training session 2. Adson’s maneuver
4. Carefully structure the activities and slow down the pace of training 3. Lhermitte’s test
4. Oppenheim’s test
146. A group of 10 patients is recruited into a study investigating the effects of
relaxation training on blood pressure (BP). One group of patients is scheduled to 153. A young otherwise healthy, adult is recovering from a complete SCI (ASIA A) at
participate in a supervised cardiac rehabilitation program that includes relaxation the level of L4. What are the functional expectations for this individual?
training 3x /wk for 12 wks. The other group of patients is instructed to perform 1. Ambulation using bilateral AFOs and canes
activities as usual. At the conclusion of the study, there was no significant difference 2. Ambulation using bilateral KAFOs, crutches and a swing through gait
between the groups; BP decreased significantly in both groups. What is the MOST 3. Ambulation using reciprocating gait orthosis and a reciprocating
accurate interpretation of this study? walker
1. The rehabilitation group was not properly monitored 4. Ambulation using bilateral KAFOs and reciprocating walker
2. Both groups had BPs initially so high that reductions should have been
expected 154. To examine a patient with a suspected deficit in graphestesia, what should the
3. The activities of the nonrehabilitation group were not properly therapist ask the patient to identify with eyes closed?
monitored and may account for these results 1. Different objects placed in the hand and manipulated
4. Cardiac rehabilitation is not effective in reducing BP 2. The vibrations of a tuning fork when placed on a bony prominence
3. A series of letters traced on the hand
4. Differently weighted, identically shaped cylinders placed in the hands

147. Patient presents with burning and tingling on the left lateral thigh that has 155. A patient recovering from stroke is ambulatory without an assistive device and
manifested recently in her 3rd trimester of pregnancy. The patient states that demonstrates a consistent problem with an elevated and retracted pelvis on the
symptoms occur more in standing than sitting, and that light touch is more affected side. Which manual therapeutic exercise procedure is the BEST choice to
aggravating than applied pressure. Patient was negative for the neurological remediate this problem?
findings involving reflexes, dermatomes, and myotomes. Based upon this 1. Provide downward compression during stance
information, what is the MOST LIKELY cause of these symptoms? 2. Utilize light resistance to post. pelvic elevation during swing
1. Disc derangement L2/3 segment 3. Provide ant. directed pressure during swing
2. Nerve root L3 compression 4. Utilize light resistance to forward pelvic rotation during swing
3. Meralgia paresthetica
4. Referred pain from the sacroiliac jt. d/t instability post relaxin release 156. A therapist suspects lower brain stem involvement in a patient with ALS.
Examination findings reveal motor impairments of the tongue with ipsilateral
148. Which cluster of examination findings would indicate that a patient is in wasting and deviation on protrusion. These findings confirm involvement of which
decompensated heart failure? cranial nerve?
1. S4 heart sound, wheezes on lung auscultation, decreased jugular vein 1. CN XII
distention 2. CN IX
 3. CN X 164. A patient has a very large right sided bacterial pneumonia. Oxygen level is
4. CN XI dangerously low. Which of the following body positions is the MOST likely to
improve this patient’s arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2)?
157. A baseball pitcher reports insidious onset of symptoms characteristic of 1. Prone lying with the head of the bed in the Trendelenburg position
impingement, including catching and popping in the throwing arm. Examination 2. Right sidelying with the head of the bed in the flat position
reveals that GH passive IR is painful and limited to 30 deg. ER is less symptomatic 3. Left sidelying with the head of the bed in the flat position
and has 130 deg of passive range. What is the BEST initial course of action for the 2. Supine lying with the head of the bed in the Trendelenburg position
therapist?
1. Recommend an MRI 165. An examination of a patient reveals drooping of the shoulder, rotary winging of
2. Mobilize the GH jt. to increase IR ROM the scapula, an inability to shrug the shoulder, and complaints of aching in the
3. Begin elastic resistance exercises for the impingement shoulder. Based on these findings, what is the MOST likely cause of these
4. Recommend an anteroposterior radiograph symptoms?
1. Strain of the serratus anterior
158. A woman is hospitalized in the ICU with multiple closed and pen fractures after 2. A lesion of the spinal accessory nerve
a MVA. A review of her medical record reveals the following laboratory values: 3. A lesion of the long thoracic nerve
hematocrit 28%, hemoglobin 10g/100mL and serum WBC count 12,000/mm3. What 4. Muscle imbalance
is the MOST accurate interpretation of these findings?
1. Only serum WBC is abnormal 166. A patient with spastic hemiplegia is referred to the therapist for ambulation
2. Only hematocrit values are abnormal training. The patient is having difficulty with standing up from a seated position as
3. Hematocrit and hemoglobin values are abnormal; WBC is normal the result of co-contraction of the quadriceps and hamstrings during the knee and
4. All values are abnormal hip extension phase. The therapist wishes to use biofeedback beginning with simple
knee extension exercise in the seated position. The plan is to progress to sit-to-
159. A patient with a transfemoral amputation is unable to wear a total contact stand training. What is the proper initial feedback protocol?
prosthesis for the past 4 days. Examination of the residual limb reveals erythema 1. Low detection sensitivity with recording electrodes placed far apart
and edema extending over most of the lower ant. limb. The patient tells the 2. High detection sensitivity with recording electrodes placed closely
therapist that the limb is very itchy and painful. What is the MOST likely cause of together
these symptoms? 3. Low detection sensitivity with recording electrodes placed closely
1. Impetigo together
2. Herpes zoster 4. High detection sensitivity with recording electrodes placed far apart
3. Cellulitis
4. Dermatitis 167. Examination of a patient recovering from stroke reveals a loss of pain and
temperature sensation on the left side of the face along with loss of pain and
160. A PT is treating a patient who lacks wrist ext. The cause of the impairment is a temperature sensation on the right side of the body. All other sensations are
problem at the radiocarpal jt. with a lack of arthrokinematic motion necessary for normal. What is the likely location of the lesion?
proper wrist ext. What direction should the prox. Aspect of the schaphoid/lunate 1. Right cerebral cortex or internal capsule
glide? 2. Midbrain
1. In a dorsal direction relative to the radius 3. Left cerebral cortex or internal capsule
2. Radially 4. Left posterolateral medulla
3. Ulnarly
4. In a palmar direction relative to the radius 168. A patient is taking the drug baclofen to control spasticity after a complete SCI
at T10. This medication can be expected to decrease muscle tone and pain. What
161. Following a hip fracture that is now healed, a patient presents with weak hip are the possible adverse effects of taking baclofen?
flexors (2/5). All other muscles are within functional limits. Based on these findings, 1. Urinary retention and discomfort
what should the therapist expect the patient may display during gait? 2. Drowsiness and muscle weakness
1. Backward trunk lean 3. Hyperextension and palpitation
2. Forward trunk lean 4. Headache with visual auras
3. A circumducted gait
4. Excessive hip flexion 169. A teen-aged female distance runner presents a history of stress fractures and
general leg pain. Her parents think it may be d/t overtraining. Based on this
162. An elderly patient with a left transfemoral amputation complains that when subjective information, what should the physical therapist question the patient
sitting, the left foot feels crampled and twisted. What is the therapist’s BES choice about next?
of intervention? 1. Recent growth spurts
1. Appropriate bed positioning with the residual limb in extension 2. Menses and eating habits
2. Iontophoresis to the distal residual limb using hyaluromidase 3. Type of running shoe
3. Hot packs and continuous US to the residual limb 4. Participation in other sports
4. Icing and massage to the residual limb

163. A researcher uses a group of volunteers (healthy college students) to study the 170. A patient is exercising in a phase 3 outpatient cardiac rehabilitation program
effects of therapy ball exercises on ankle ROM and balance scores. 20 volunteers that utilizes circuit training. One of the stations utilizes weights. The patient lifts a
participated in the 20 min ball exercise class 3x/wk for 6wks. Measurements were 5lb weights, holds it for 20secs and then lowers it slowly. The therapist corrects the
taken at the beginning and end of the sessions. Significant differences were found in activity and tells the patient to reduce the length of the static hold. Which of the
both sets of scores and reported at the local PT meeting. What is the MOST accurate following BEST describes the expected effects of isometric exercise?
interpretation of this study and its result? 1. Reduced normal venous return to the heart and elevate BP
1. The reliability of the study was threatened with the introduction of 2. Abnormal oxygen uptake
systematic error of measurement 3. Lower HR and arterial BP
2. The Hawthorne effect may have influenced the outcomes of the study 4. Higher HR and arterial BP
3. The validity of the study was threatened with the introduction of
sampling bias 171. A patient complains of pain in the right lower aspect of the lateral rib cage. The
4. Therapy ball exercises are an effective to improve ankle stability after chief complaint is intense pain, which also occurs at night. The pain lasts for approx.
chronic ankle sprain 15 mins and then subsides. There was no MOI and no pain with activity during the
day. Active and passive motion of the thoracic spine and costal cage is normal and
pain free. Mild tenderness is present inferior to the right lateral ribcage. What is the 178. The PT is examining the muscle length of the patient’s right hip. What is the
MOST likely diagnosis for this patient? muscle length test pictured below? (PICTURE CAN’T BE COPIED)
1. Intercostal muscle strain 1. Ober test
2. Costochondritis 2. FABER test
3. Systemic disease 3. Thomas test
4. Abdominal muscle strain 4. Noble test

172. An elderly male patient recovering from a fractured hip repaired with ORIF has 179. A therapist is examining a patient’s balance using posturography testing with
recently been discharged home. During a home visit, his wife tells the therapist that the clinical test for sensory integration in balance (CTSIB). The patient’s sway
he woke up yesterday morning and told her he couldn’t remember much. Upon increases with loss of balance under conditions with the eyes closed and platform
examination, the therapist finds some mild motor loss in his right hand and anomia. moving (condition 5). During condition 6, with both visual surround and platform
The therapist affirms the presence of short term memory loss. What is the moving, loss of balance is more immediate. Which of the following BEST identifies
therapist’s BEST course of action? the source of the patient’s problem?
1. Advise the family to document and record any new problems that they 1. Vestibular deficiency
notice over the next week and then report back to the therapist 2. Visual dependency
2. Ignore the findings because they are expected after surgical anesthesia 3. Problems with sensory selection
3. Refer him to his physician immediately because the therapist suspects 4. Somatosensory dependence
a stroke
4. Refer him to his physician because the therapist suspects Alzheimer’s 180. A patient with severe, frequent seizures originating in the medial temporal
type dementia lobes. After bilateral surgical removal of these areas, the patient is unable to
remember any new information from just prior to the surgery to the present. The
173. An adolescent with a 4yr history of type 2 diabetes is insulin dependent and patient cannot recall text read minutes ago or remember people previously met.
wants to participate in cross country running. The PT working with the school team How should this surgical outcome must be characterized?
advises the athlete to measure plasma glucose concentrations before and after 1. Loss of integration of the temporal lobe with the basal ganglia and
running. What additional advice should the therapist give this student athlete? frontal cortex
1. Increase insulin dosage immediately before running 2. Loss of procedural memory and integration with frontal cortex
2. Consume a carbohydrate before or during practice to avoid 3. Loss of hippocampus and declarative memory function
hypoglycemia 4. A primary deficit form the loss of the amygdala
3. Avoid carbohydrate-rich snacks within 12 hours of a race
4. Consume a carbohydrate after practice to avoid hyperglycemia 181. A 14y/o with a BMI of 33kg/m2 and a history of limited participation in
physical activities is referred for exercise training. The nutritionist has prescribed a
174. A male patient is referred to outpatient PT for LBP. During the patient diet limiting his calorie intake. What is the BEST initial exercise prescription for this
interview, he describes a recent increased difficulty with urinating that does not patient?
affect his LBP symptoms. Neurological screening examination is normal and 1. 3wkly sessions of 60 mins at 50%VO2max
Murphy’s sign is negative. Based on this clinical scenario, what may this patient’s 2. 3wkly sessions of 50 mins at 75-85%VO2max
LBP be associated with? 3. 3wkly sessions of 30 mins at 65-70%VO2max
1. Lower urinary tract 4. 2 daily sessions of 30 mins at 45-70%VO2max
2. 1st lumbar nerve root
3. Kidney 182. A patient is admitted to a hospital after a fall. A review of the patient’s medical
4. Sacroiliac jt. chart reveals a BP of 160/85, a triglyceride level of 160 mg/dL, and a fasting blood
glucose level of 11.5mg/dL. Weight is 310 lb. Examination of the patient reveals a
175. A PTA is ambulating a patient with a stroke using a walker. The patient is rotund man with a 54 inch waistline. Which diagnosis is consistent with this
unsteady and fearful of falling. The patient does not appear to understand the patient’s signs and symptoms?
correct gait sequence. What is the supervising PT’s BEST course of action? 1. Type 1 diabetes
1. Intervene and teach the correct sequence because the PTA is 2. Cushing’s syndrome
apparently unable to deal with this special situation 3. Metabolic syndrome
2. Instruct the PTA to have the patient sit down and utilize mental 4. Chronic heart disease
practice of the task.
3. Tell the PTA and patient to stop the ambulation and work on dynamic
balance activities instead
4. Instruct the PTA to use a distributed practice schedule to ensure
patient success

183. A patient in an exercise class develops muscle weakness and fatigue.

176. A therapist is reviewing x rays from a patient with a trimalleolar fracture. What Examination reveals leg cramps and hyporeflexia. The patient also experiences
are the BEST radiographic views to visualize this bony fracture? frequent episodes of postural hypotension and dizziness. Abnormalities on the ECG
1. Oblique and lateral include a flat T wave, prolonged QT interval and depressed ST segment. Which
2. Anteroposterior and lateral electrolyte imbalance is consistent with this patient’s signs and symptoms?
3. Psoteroanterior and lateral 1. Hypocalcemia
4. Lateral and coronal 2. Hyperkalemia
3. Hypokalemia
177. A patient presents with pain and muscle spasm of the upper back (C7-C8) 4. Hyponatremia
extending to the lateral border of the scapula. This encompasses a 10x10 cm area
on both sides of the spine. If the US unlit only has a 5cm2 sound head, how should 184. A patient has experienced swelling in both lower legs (below the knees) since
the therapist treat the upper back area? the age of 16 (10 yr history). The referring diagnosis is bilateral lymphedema. Which
1. Each side, allotting 5 mins for each section test should the therapist include in the IE?
2. The entire area in 5 mins 1. Ankle brachial index
3. The entire area in 10 mins 2. Systolic BP before and after exercise
4. Each side allotting 2.5 mins for each session 3. Homan’s sign
4. Rubor of dependency test
185. A patient is referred to a woman’s health specialist PT with a diagnosis of 192. A patient with a TBI presents with hemiparesis. The examination reveals slight
pelvic pain and uterine prolapse. Which of the following interventions is the BEST cutaneous and proprioceptive impairment, fair (3/5) strength of the shoulder
choice for this patient? muscles and triceps, and slight spasticity of the biceps. Voluntary control of the
1. External stabilization with a support belt patient’s left arm has not progressed since admission. The therapist decides to use
2. Gentle abdominal exercises with incisional support FES placing the active electrode on the triceps to facilitate active extension of the
3. Protective splinting of abdominal musculature elbow. Which of the following is the BEST choice of timing sequence for FES in this
4. Kegel exercises case?
1. No ramp up, 10 sec stimulation, 2 sec ramp down
186. A client walks into a private PT practice with a chief complaint of a possible 2. 2 sec ramp up, 10 sec stimulation, no ramp down
ankle sprains. The physical therapist observes a foot and ankle which is swollen, 3. 2 sec ramp up, 5 sec stimulation, 2 sec ramp down
erythematous, and warm. As part of the system review, the therapist assesses the 4. 5 sec ramp up, 5 sec stimulation, 5 ramp down
lymphatic system and detects a positive Stemmer’s sign. What other lymphatic
system test or measure should also be performed? 193. After a TBI, a patient presents with significant difficulties in learning how to use
1. Calf palpitation and use of Wells Criteria score a wheelchair. Memory for new learning is present but limited (Ranchos Los Amigos
2. Ankle brachial index testing for the involved LE Levels of Cognitive Functioning level VII). The patient is wheelchair dependent and
3. Observation of prox. red streaks and palpation of inguinal nodes needs to learn how to transfer from the wheelchair to the mat (a skill never done
4. Application of Ottawa Ankle rules including assessment of pain above before). Which of the following is the BEST strategy to enhance this patient’s motor
the malleoli and ability to weight bear leaning?
1. Use only guided movement to ensure correct performance
187. A patient has a 10yr history of parkinson’s disease and has been on levodopa 2. Provide bandwidth feedback using a random practice schedule
(Carbidopa) for the past 6yrs. The patient has fallen 3x in the past month, resulting 3. Provide consistent feedback using a blocked practice schedule
in a Colles’ fracture. The therapist decides to try postural biofeedback training using 4. Provide summed feedback after every few trials using a serial practice
a platform balance training device. Which of the following is the BEST choice for a schedule
training protocol?
1. Increase the limits of stability and improve ant. weight displacement 194. A patient recovering from stroke presents with predominant involvement of
2. Decrease the limits of stability and ant. weight displacement the contralateral LE and lesser involvement of the contralateral UE. These clinical
3. Increase the limits of stability and improve center of pressure manifestations are characteristic of which cerebral syndrome?
alignment 1. Basilar artery syndrome
4. Decrease the limits of stability and improve post. weight displacement 2. ACA syndrome
3. PCA syndrome
188. A physical therapist is working on reconditioning a 31y/o female admitted to 4. MCA syndrome
the hospital for acute alcoholic hepatitis and is currently going through
detoxification. As the therapist starts to work with the patient, she appears to be 195. A patient presents with significant intermittent claudication with onset after 2
pregnant and is SOB. Her abdomen is distended and tense. She denies any mins of walking. Which of the following are likely finding for this patient, given the
abdominal pain. The therapist checks her lab work and notes that her urine hCG patient’s symptoms in response to walking?
(pregnancy test) is negative. Based on the patient’s history, what is the most likely 1. Persistent local redness of the extremities in both gravity depended
cause of her distended abdomen? and independent positions
1. Ascites 2. Elevation induced pallor and dependent redness with the extremity in
2. Cholecystitis the gravity dependent position
3. Acute pancreatitis 3. Little or no changes in color with changes in extremity position
4. Opiate induced constipation 4. A brownish color just above the ankle in both gravity dependent and
independent positions
189. A female patient complains of right lumbosacral pain after giving natural
childbirth to her 1st child 2 months ago. Pain has subsided somewhat, but remains 196. After a recent cesarean, a patient tells the therapist that she is anxious to
high enough that she has to sit after walking more than 2 blocks. Pain is noted in return to her prepregnancy level of physical activity (working out at the gym
the right lumbosacral region, buttock, and groin and is aggravated with weight 3days/wk and running 5 miles every other day). What is the BEST choice of activities
bearing on the right. Active flexion, extension, and side bending reproduce the for this patient at this time?
patient’s symptoms. Hamstrings are slightly tight on the right but no neural tension 1. Pelvic floor and gentle abdominal exercises for the 1st 4-6wks
is noted. Neurological findings (reflexes, sensation, and motor) are unremarkable. SI 2. A walking program progressing to running after 4 wks
provocation tests are positive. What is the MOST likely diagnosis for this patient? 3. Pelvic floor exercises and refrain from all other exercises and running
1. Lumbar disc protrusion at L5/S1 for at least 12 wks
2. Sacroiliac sprain 4. Abdominal crunches with return to running after 5 wks
3. Quadratus lumborum strain
4. Piriformis syndrome 197. A 26 y/o who was diagnosed with schizophrenia, disorganized type, at the age
190. A patient presents with a complaint of severe neck and shoulder pain of 2 of 22 is referred for gait training after a compound fracture of the tibia. The
days’ duration. The patient reports falling asleep on the couch watching TV and has therapist suspects the patient has recently experienced an exacerbation of
been stiff and sore since. There is tenderness of the cervical muscles on the right, schizophrenia. Which behaviors supports this conclusion?
with increased pain upon palpation. Passive ROM is most limited in flexion, then 1. Poor ability to perform multistep tasks requiring abstract problem
side bending left, and then rotation left and active extension. Side bending right and solving
rotation right are also painful. What is the MOST likely diagnosis for this patient? 2. Sleep disturbances and flashbacks
1. Cervical strain 3. Increased fear of going out in public
2. Herniated disc 4. Frequent verbalizations of pervasive feelings of low self esteem
3. Cervical radiculopathy
4. Facet syndrome 198. The rehabilitation team is completing a home visit to recommend
environmental modifications for a patient who is scheduled to be discharged next
191. A patient is taking a DMARD for rheumatoid arthritis. Which chemotherapy week. The patient is wheelchair dependent. The home has not been adapted.
agent is also a common DMARD? Which of the following recommendations is correct?
1. Methotrexate 1. Widening the door entrance to 28 inches
2. Norvasc 2. Adding horizontal grab bars in the bathroom positioned at 34 inches
3. Demerol 3. Raising the toilet seat to 25 inches
4. Relafen 4. Installing an entryway ramp with a running slope of 1:10
199. During an examination of gait, the therapist observes lat. pelvic tilt on the side
of the swing leg during frontal plane analysis. What is the purpose of the lat. pelvic
tilt on the side of the swing leg during gait?
1. Reduce physiological valgum at the knee
2. Reduce knee flexion at midstance
3. Control forward and backward rotations of the pelvis
4. Reduce peak rise of the pelvis

200. A group of researchers investigated the effect of tai chi on perceived health
status in order, frail adults. The subjects were 269 women who were older than 70
yrs of age and recruited from 5 independent senior living facilities. Participants took
part in a 48 wk single blind RCT. Perceived health status was measured by 5
pretrained testers using the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP). The researchers found
significant perceived health benefits. Which of the following is an accurate
conclusion regarding the design of this study?
1. Generalizability to a larger population of elderly women
2. Errors in reliability d/t the number of testers
3. Errors in validity d/t the selection of the outcome measures
4. Limited findings on the effects of tai chi exercise in the frail elderly

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