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    2.7 Stability

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    2.7 Stability

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    2.7 Stability

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    Zeyo Man Zx

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    ME 3350 – Spring 18 handout 2.

    STABILITY OF IMMERSED AND FLOATING BODIES

    CONCEPT OF STABILITY
    Consider a pendulum of mass m attached to a rod suspended from a pivot. The pendulum can
    adopt two static equilibrium positions shown below:

    - Equilibrium position 1 is stable since any small disturbance would generate a restoring
    force (due to gravity) that would return the mass to its initial position.

    - Equilibrium position 2 is unstable since any disturbance, even an infinitesimal one,


    would cause the mass to fall while preventing it from returning to its initial position.

    STABILITY OF IMMERSED BODIES


    For an immersed body in static equilibrium, the weight and the buoyant force acting on the body
    balance each other. The stability of an immersed body depends on the respective positions of
    the center of buoyancy (i.e., centroid of the displaced volume) and the center of gravity, which
    do not always coincide.

    Two different cases can be distinguished:

    - An immersed body is stable if its center of gravity is


    aligned below the center of buoyancy (bottom-heavy
    body). In this case, a small rotational disturbance would
    produce a restoring moment that would return the body
    to its initial stable position.

    - An immersed body whose center of gravity is aligned


    above the center of buoyancy is unstable. Any
    disturbance would cause the body to turn upside down.

    STABILITY OF FLOATING BODIES


    The stability criteria are similar for floating bodies. However, unlike immersed bodies, a floating
    body may still be stable when the center of gravity is directly above the center of buoyancy.

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