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    packed bed reactor

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    packed bed reactor

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    packed bed reactor

    Uploaded by

    ii76iiq

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 8

    Ministry of Higher Education

    And Scientific Research


    Al-Muthanna University
    Engineering College Chemical
    Engineering Department

    PACKED BED
    REACTOR
    SUPERVISED BY : PROF. Ihsan Habib
    BY: MUSTAFA BASIM FATHI

    2024 /2025
    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    01 02 03
    Introduction Types of Packed Bed Mechanism
    Reactors (PBR)

    04 05
    Design Equations Usage Example
    Introduction
    A Packed Bed Reactor (PBR) is a type of chemical reactor where
    a fluid (gas or liquid) flows through a fixed bed of materials,
    such as catalysts, inside a cylindrical vessel. This reactor type is
    commonly used for both homogeneous and heterogeneous
    chemical reactions, where the catalyst is held inside the reactor
    while the fluid passes through it.

    Packed Bed Reactors are widely employed in various industrial


    applications, including petrochemical production, hydrogen
    generation, and catalytic reactions. The reactor’s performance
    is highly dependent on factors such as fluid flow, bed design,
    and the nature of the reaction, including reaction rate and
    temperature.

    These reactors are known for their simplicity and reliability, but
    achieving high efficiency requires careful control of parameters
    such as pressure drop, heat transfer, and mass transfer.
    Types of Packed Bed Reactors
    1. Fixed Bed Reactor: Contains a stationary and
    non-moving packing.

    2. Trickle Bed Reactor: Operates with liquid flowing


    in droplets along with gas

    3. Multibed Reactor: Consists of multiple layers of


    packing.

    4. Catalytic Packed Bed: Designed for catalytic


    reactions using catalytic packing materials.
    The Mechanism
    Design Equations Assumptions : no change in Temperature (T) and (-rA) in
    radial direction

    1. Flow Equation (General Equation): 6. Effective length of reactor:


    V =A /Q​

    2. Pressure Drop Equation (Hydraulic Equation): 7. reactor volume equation


    ΔP = f ⋅(L / Dh​) ⋅ (ρv2​ / 2)

    3. Cross sectional area equation:


    A=πD2/4​

    4. Residence Time:
    Τ = V / Q​

    5. pressure difference equation:


    Usage Example
    Packed bed reactors have a wide range of uses for catalytic reactions. They are also widely used in
    small-scale commercial reactions, (PBR) are used In catalytic reactions, reactants are passed
    through a bed of catalysts (such as in hydrogenation or ammonia synthesis), where the chemical
    reaction is accelerated by the catalyst. In environmental and water treatment, these reactors are used
    in techniques such as reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx) in polluted gases, capturing carbon dioxide,
    and in ion exchange processes for water softening, removing heavy metals like calcium and
    magnesium , as shown in pictuers below .
    THANK YOU

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