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BREB Written Question Solution F-2024

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5K views46 pages

BREB Written Question Solution F-2024

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1

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Prepared By Md. Atikul Islam

Founder Group of Engineers

msMÖn Kiæb Avgv‡`i cvIqvi †m±i eB| Bangladesh Rural Electrification

Board , DESCO, PGCB, NPCBL mn mKj cvIqvi †m±i cixÿvi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© | †ek
KgbcÖvß GKwU eB‡qi m‡½ _vKzb|

Visit Our Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/engineering.learning/

Visit Our website: www.bdjobsstudy.com

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m~wPcÎ

µwgK bs Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board, c„ôv bs

WRITTEN PART

Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board G PvKix cixÿvi cÖ‡kœvËi

(Written) c‡`i bvg: AE, SAE, AGM, AJE & General Exam All
Department

msMÖn Kiæb Avgv‡`i cvIqvi †m±i eB| Bangladesh Rural Electrification

Board , DESCO, PGCB, NPCBL mn mKj cvIqvi †m±i cixÿvi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© | †ek
KgbcÖvß GKwU eB‡qi m‡½ _vKzb|

Visit Our website: www.bdjobsstudy.com

Visit Our Facebook Group:

https://www.facebook.com/groups/engineering.learning/

Scan Our Group QR Code

www.bdjobsstudy.com Visit Our website

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mnKvix Rywbqi BwÄwbqvi (16-09-2023)

wjwLZ cÖkœ mgvavb
1| Bs‡iwR‡Z Abyev` Kiæb|
gyw³hy× evOvwj RvwZi me‡P‡q †MŠiegq NUbv| GB hy‡×i ga¨ w`‡qB Avgiv jvf K‡iwQ ¯^vaxb †`k, wbR¯^ cZvKv| 1971 mv‡ji 26 †k gvP©
evsjvi QvÎ-hyeK, K…lK-kÖwgKmn me©¯Í‡ii RbMY ee©i nvbv`vi cvKevwnbxi weiæ‡× mk¯¿| hy‡× AeZxY© nq| ZviB cwiYwZ‡Z 1971 mv‡ji
16B wW‡m¤^i AwR©Z nq P~ovšÍ weRq| we‡k¦i gvbwP‡Î †`w`c¨gvb nq GKwU ivóª hvi bvg- '¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`k'|

Abyev`t
Liberation war is the most glorious event of Bengali natioN. It is through this war that we have gained an
independent country, our own flag. On March 26, 1971, the people of Bengal from all walks of life, including
students, youth, farmers and workers, entered into an armed war against the barbaric invading Pak army. As a
result, the final victory was achieved on December 16, 1971, On the map of the world there is a country
named "Independent Sovereign Bangladesh.

2| evsjvq Abyev` Kib|

Blue economy means extraction of the resources of sea of the growth of an economy, Bangladesh has settled
maritime boundary disputes with Myanmar in 2012 and with India in 2014 through an arbitral method. It is
estimates that Bangladesh has acquired 118,813 square kilometres of the Bay of BengaL. It is estimated that
resources from the sea of Bangladesh constitute 81 per cent of the resources existing in land territory.

Abyev`t

eøæ B‡Kvbwg gv‡b A_©bxwZi e…w×i mgy‡`ªi m¤ú` AvniY| evsjv‡`k 2012 mv‡j wgqvbgv‡ii mv‡_ Ges 2014 mv‡j fvi‡Zi mv‡_ mvwjmx
c×wZi gva¨‡g mgy`ªmxgv we‡iva wb®úwË K‡i‡Q| GwU Abygvb Kiv nq †h evsjv‡`k e‡½vcmvM‡ii 118.813 eM©wK‡jvwgUvi AwaMÖnY K‡i‡Q|
Abygvb Kiv nq †h evsjv‡`‡ki mgy‡`ªi m¤ú` ¯’j f‥L‡Ð we`¨gvb m¤ú‡`i 81 kZvsk|

3| mvigg© wjLyb
G AbšÍ PivP‡i ¯^M©gZ¨© †Q‡q,
me‡P‡q cyivZb K_v, me‡P‡q
Mfxi µ›`b, '‡h‡Z bvwn w`e|' nvq,
Zey †h‡Z w`‡Z nq, Zey P‡j hvq|

DËit G c…w_ex‡Z †Kv‡bv cÖvYxB wPi¯’vqx bq| Zey G c…w_ex †_‡K †KD †hgb P‡j †h‡Z Pvq bv †Zgwb mevB mevB‡K a‡i ivL‡Z Pvq, wKš` mevB
e¨_©| BnKvj †Q‡o GKw`b mevB‡K P‡j †h‡Z n‡e| GUvB RM‡Zi weavb|
4| evsjv‡`‡ki Av_© mvgvwRK Dbœq‡b evsjv‡`k cjøx we`y¨Zvqb †ev‡W©i f‥wgKv Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
5| evsjv‡`‡ki we`y¨r weZiY eë¯’vcbvi †‣‡Î ê`y¨wZK `~N©Ubv n«vm I MÖvnK †mevi gvb Dbq‡Yi Rb¨ wK wK eë¯’v MÖnb Kiv ìKvi
Av‡jvPbv Ki |

6| K) What is the power factor? What are the causes of low power factor? What are the effects of low
power factor?
Power factor: The power factor is the cosine of the phase difference between voltage and current, and as a
result, the power factor is measured using the formula Power Factor cosd, where is the phase difference
between the voltage and current phasor.
Some causes of low power factor are
a) The presence of harmonic current in the system reduces power factor.
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b) Improper wiring leads to three-phase imbalance causing low power factor.

c) When the system is loaded lightly, the voltage increases, increasing the magnetization current demand of
the machine.

Low Power Factor Effects:

a. Higher Copper Losses
b. High KVA Rating
c. Poor Voltage Regulation
d. Larger Size of Conductor
e. Low Efficiency
e. A Penalty from Electric Companies

6| L) what should be the desirable characteristics of insulating materials used in cables?

The insulating materials used in cables should have the following properties:
(I) High insulation resistance to avoid leakage current.
(II) High dielectric strength to avoid electrical breakdown of the cable.
(Ⅲ) High mechanical strength to withstand the mechanical handling of cables

6| M) How overhead transmission lines are classified?

The classification of the transmission lines depends on its voltage and the length of the conductor. The
transmission line is the medium of transferring the power from the generating station to the load center. It is
mainly classified into two types. They are the
1. AC Transmission Line
S.N Line Name Length (km) Operating Voltage (KV)
1 Short-Transmission Line 0 -50 0-20
2 Medium Transmission Line 50-150 20-100
3 Long Transmission Line Above 150 Above 100

2. DC Transmission Line

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7(K)
A consumer has a maximum demand of 200kw at 40% load factor. If thetarrif is 100Tk per kw at
maximum demand plus 10 paisa per kwh.
Find the overall cost per kwh.
Soln: Energy comsumed per year
= Max demand × L.f × Time b=100 tk (per kw cost)
c=10/100 tk (per kwh cost)
=(200kw × 0.4 × 8760) kwh Max D. = 200kw L.f =
3
=700.80 ×10 kwh 40%=0.4 Time=8760h
Total charge
=b × kw + c × kwh
=(100 ×200) +(10/100×700.80×103)
=90080 tk
Overall cost per unit (kwh):
=total cost/ unit consumed
=90080/700.80
= 0.128 tk (ans)

7(L). A circuit breaker is rated as 1500A 1000MVA, 33KV, 3 second, 3-∅ oil circuit breake
Find the value of:
(I) Rated normal cutirent = Ans=> 1500 A
(II)breaking capacity. Ans: => 1000MVA
(III) rated symmetrical breaking current
Ans: bymmetri Breaking current IB = S/√3VL
=1000×106 / √3×33×103
=17496 amp ( rms value)
(IV) rated making Current:
Formula-1
Ans: 2.55 × IB => 2.55 × 17496
⇒ 44614 Amp (peak value)
Formula-2 1.8 × √2 × IB ⇒ 44614 Amp (peak value)
(V) Short time Rating: Ans: => 17496 Amp-3Sec
Note: Short time Teating ej‡Z †evSvq †h GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡q ga¨ wbivcËvi mv‡_ hZUzKz Kv‡i›U cvm Ki‡Z cv‡i|
(vi) Teated service Voltage: Ans. 33kv

7(M). we have a transformer with a current in the primary coil of 10A and Input Voltage is the primary
coil of 220v. If the voltage in the output of the Secondary coil is 50 v .
Find the value of output current of Secondary coil
Sol.
Transformation ratio: a=Vp/Vs=Is/Ip ⇒ 220/50=Is/10 ⇒ Is= 44 Amp (Ans)

7(N). The full load cuppen loss of a trans-former is 1600w what is the copper loss coil be at half load.
Sol.

Half load cupper loss = (Load)2 × Full

load cu loss = (1/2)2 × 1600 w = 400 w (Ans)

evsjv‡`k cjøx we`y¨Zvqb †evW©

c‡ì bvgt Dc-mnvKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx
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welqt B‡jw±ªK¨vj, B‡jKUªwb• I cvIqvi

mgq: 1 N›Uv 30 cixÿvi ZvwiLt 27-05-2023 wgwbU c~Y©gvb: 80
K. cÖgvY Ki †h ½ cosec 10-25in70= 1
L.H.S = 1/2 x cosec10° - 2sin70°
ev, 1/2 x 1/sin10° - 2sin70°
ev, (1-2sin10°× 2sin70°) / 2sin10°
ev, [1-2(cos60°cos80")] / 2sin10° [ 2sinA x sinB = cos(AB)cos(A+B)]
ev, [1-2(1/2-cos80°)] / 2sin(90° -80°)
ev, [1-1+2cos80°)] / 2cos80° = 1 = R.H.S (Proved)
L) c„w_ex †_‡K Puv‡ì `~iZ¡ 3.84x105 Km Ges Puv` c„w_ex‡K e„ËvKvi K‣c‡_ 27.3 w`‡b GKevi cÖ`w‣b K‡i| Puv‡ì †KŠwbK
Ges îwLK `ªæwZ wbY©q Ki|
mgvavb:
‡KŠwbK `ªæwZ = = (‡iwWqvb/‡m‡KÛ)

= = 2.66 10-6 R/S

‰iwLK `ªæwZ = `~iZ¡ / mgq (m/s)

= = 162.80 m/s (Ans)

2. K) Fill in the gaps with appropriate preposition:

a) Smoking is injurious------ health. ( Ans: to )
b) Do not look down ------------the poor. ( Ans: upon )
c) Divide the mangoes -----the students. ( Ans: on )
d) I shall have finished the work-------5 P.M ( Ans: by )
e) I cannot agree.--------your opinion. ( Ans: with )
(L) Bs‡iRx‡Z Abyev` Kiæbt
i) evev-gv Avgv‡ì c…w_ex‡Z Avmvi Drm| ZvivB Avgv‡ì c…w_ex‡Z G‡b‡Q| Zviv
Avgv‡ì †`Lvïbv K‡i‡Q A‡bK hZœ I fvjevmv w`‡q|
ii) Avgiv GKwU ¯^vaxb †`‡ki bvMwiK| ¯^vaxbZv gvby‡li Rb¥MZ AwaKvi|
DËi:
i) parents are the source of our coming into the world. They brought winto the world. They looked
after us with so much care and love.
ii) we are citizens of a Independent country. Independence is the birthright of man.
3. hw` V = 300 sin (377t+30) nq Z‡e †ei Kit
a) m‡e©v”P gvb, b) Mo gvb, c) Kvh©Kix gvb, d) E Form Factor, e) Peak Factor, f) Phase Angle, g)
Frequency, h) Time Period, i) wave diagram AuvK, j) Vector Diagram AuvK|
mgvavb:
‡Ìqv Av‡Q, V= 300 sin (377t +30)

m‡e©v‧P gvb = 300V (Ans)

Mogvb = 300 = 0.636 300 = 190.8 (Ans)

M) Kvh©Kix gvb = Vrms = = = 212.13 V. (Ans)

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N) Form factor = Kvh©Kix gvb / Mogvb = = 1.11

O) peak factor = m‡e©v‧P gvb / Kvh©Kix gvb = = 1.41

P) plase angle = 300 (Ans)

Q) f= = 60 Hz (Ans)

R) Time period T = = =0.016 s (Ans)

S) T)

4. K) GKwU wms‡Mj †dR UªvÝdg©vi hvi †iwkI 440/110V, hv †bv †jvW Kv‡i›U 0.2 (lag) p.f. G 5 Amp MÖnb K‡i| hw`
†m‡KÛvix 0.8 (lag) p.f. G 120 Amp †`q, Z‡e cÖvBgvix Kv‡i›U KZ?
mgvavb:
440 a= =4

Ip = I0 + Is

= 5 -78.46+ 36.87

= 33.90 -42.48

= Pf = Cos 42.48 = 0.737 lag (Ans)

L) GKwU 3-phase, 4 Pole BÛvKkb †gvUi 4% slip G P‡j| †ivUi Gi ¯úxW Ges induced current Gi
wd«Kz‡qÝx wbY©q Ki|
mgvavb:
Nr = Ns (1-5)= (1-0.04) = 1440 rpm

ev, fr = s f = 0.04x50 = 2 Hz (Ans)

5. K) GKwU 132 kV transmission line Gi cwievnxi IRb= 680 KM/i; ¯ú¨v‡bi| ˆ`N¨© = 260m; ultimate
strength - 3100 Kg safety factor=2. hw` ground clearance 10m nq Z‡e f‚wg †_‡K cwievnxi Syjb we›`y ch©šÍ
`~iZ¡ KZ?
mgvavb:

680 kg/km

/m = 680 / 1000 = 0.68 kg

T= = 1550 kg

S= = = 3.7 m

f‥wg †_‡K cwievnxi Syjb we›`y ch©šÍ `~iZ¡ = 10+3.7 = 13.7m (Ans)
L) GKwU †Rbv‡iwUs †÷kb wb¤œwjwLZ †jvWmg~‡n cvIqvi mieivn Ki‡Q| †jvWmg~n 15000 kW, 12000kW 4500kW
6000kW Ges 450 kW †÷k‡bi m‡e©v”P Pvwn`v 22000kW eQ‡ii †jvW d¨v±i 48% n‡j wbb©q Ki
K) eQ‡i KZ BDwbU kw³ mieivn K‡i‡Q
L) WvBfvwm©wU d¨v±i
M) †÷kb wWgvÛ d¨v±i
mgvavb: K) eQ‡i Drcvw`Z kw³ = Mo †jvW mgq = (22000×0.48) × 365×24 = 92505600 kwh (Ans)

L) WvBfviwmwU d¨v±i = = 1.725 (ans)

M) wWgvÛ d¨v±i = = 0.57 (Aus)

6. K) wb‡¤œv³ mvwK©U n‡Z IB, IE Gi gvb †ei Ki| hLb RB=10k2, RC = 5kQ, RE = 10 | ΚΩ Ges β=100

mgvavb:
IB = = 9.11 (Ans)

IC = IB

= 100×9.11 ×10-3

IE = 9.11 10-3 101 = 0.920 A (Ans)

L) †`LvI †h, Half Wave A‡c‣v Full Wave Gi efficiency wØ¸Y

mgvavb:

Have wave efficiency

Full wave efficiency

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ii) bs mgxKiY †K i) bs mgxKiY Øviv fvM K‡i

7. ‡fwbb'm w_I‡ig cÖ‡qvM K‡i wb‡Pi †bUIqv‡K©i 1 ohm †iwR÷v‡ii ga¨ w`‡q cÖevwnZ| Kv‡i›U wbY©q Kit

mgvavb:

When is Active

8. K) c~Y©i~c wjLybt BERC, IEC, BTRC, FAO, ISO

BERC - Bangladesh Energy Regulatory Commission
JEC - International Electrotechnical Commission
BTRC - Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commision
FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization
ISO -International Organization for Standardization.

L) MÖvnK ch©v‡q wbiew”Qbœ I gvbmgvb we`y¨r mieiv‡ni j‡‣¨ evsjv‡`k cjøx we`y¨Zvqb †evW© KZ©„K wK ai‡bi Kvh©µg MÖnY Kiv
†h‡Z cv‡i?
DËi: evsjv‡`k cjøx we`y¨Zvqb †evW© MÖvnK ch©v‡q wbiew‧Qbœ I gvbm¤úbœ we`y¨r mieiv‡ni j‡‣¨ wewfbœ Kvh©µg MÖnY K‡i| wKQz
¸iæZ¡c~Y© Kvh©µg nj:
1. we`y¨r mieiv‡ni DbœwZi †‣‡Î wcweGm KZ©…K ¯’vbxq we`y¨‡Zi MVb Ges bZzb ms‡hvM cÖK‡íi cwiPvjbv Kiv nq| GwU we`y¨r
mieiv‡n DbœwZ I cÖwZ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ `ªæZ m¤¢ve¨ cÖK‡í wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|
2. we`y¨r †mev cvIqvi DbœwZi j‡‣¨ wcwWwecweGm ¯’vbxq Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡i| GwU we`y¨r †mev cvIqv MÖvnK‡ì gvbm¤úbœ I
wbiew‧Qbœ Kivi Rb¨ wbw`©ó gvb`Ð¸wj †g‡b Pjv wbwðZ K‡i|
3. we`y¨r mieiv‡ni Rb¨ wecYb cÖwµqv cwiPvjbv Kiv nq, hv‡Z we`y¨r mieivn Ges wecYb c×wZ¸wj mvgwMÖKfv‡e DbœZ nq|
4. wcweGm KZ©…K evsjv‡`‡ki MÖvnK cwi‡e‡ki DbœwZ I we`y¨r mieiv‡ni Rb¨ wk‣vg~jK Kvh©µg AbywôZ nq| GB Kvh©µg¸wji
gva¨‡g MÖvnK‡ì m‡PZb Kiv nq Ges we`y¨r eënv‡ii DbœwZ I kÖwgK‡ì Rb¨ Dchy³ `‣Zv DbœZ Kiv nq|
Dc‡i DwjøwLZ Kvh©µg¸wj evsjv‡`k cjøx we`y¨Zvqb †evW© Øviv MÖnY Kiv n‡j MÖvnK ch©v‡q wbiew‧Qbœ I gvbm¤úbœ we`y¨r mieiv‡ni
j‡‣¨ ‡cŠQv‡bv m¤¢e|

evsjv‡`k cjøx we`y¨Zvqb †evW©

c‡`i bvg: mnKvix ‡Rbv‡ij g¨v‡bRvi (AGM) Written
Prepared by Group of Engineers

mgq: 90 wgwbU c~Y©gvb: 80 cixÿvi ZvwiL: 12-02-2023

1. (a) Describe postitive, negative & zero Sequence network 4
Marks
Ans:
Positive Sequence: A balanced three-phase system with the same phase sequence as the original
sequence.
Negative sequence: A balanced three-phase system with the opposite phase sequence as the original
sequence.

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Zero Sequence: Three phasors that are equal in magnitude and phase.

(b) Draw postitive, negative & zero Sequence network 6 Marks

Ans.

2. (a) What is cause & disadvantage of low power factor? 4 Marks

Ans.
Causes of low power factor:
The usual reason for the low power factor is because of the inductive load. The current in the
inductive load lag behind the voltage. The power factor is therefore lagging. The important inductive
loads responsible for the low power factor are the three-phase induction motors (which operate at a
0.8 lagging power factor), transformer, lamps and welding equipment operate at low lagging power
factors. Power factor improvement methods are used for improving the value of power factor in a
power system.

Disadvantage of low power factor:

a) Low efficiency b) Large Line losses- copper loss
c) Large Voltage Drop d) Poor voltage regulation
e) Greater Conductor Size and Cost
** ‡jv cvIqvi d¨v±‡ii ¸bv¸b¸wj Kx Kx?
DËit
K) jvB‡b †fv‡ëR Wªc e…w× cvq, L) jvBb jm e…w× cvq,
M) hš¿cvwZ Mig n‡q hvq, N) hš¿cvwZi Avqy®‹vj K‡g hvq!
(b) How to improve power factor? 4 Marks
Ans:
There are three main ways to improve power factor:
* Capacitor Banks * Synchronous Condensers * Phase Advancers

** wKfv‡e cvIqvi d¨v±i DbœwZ Kiv hvq?

DËit
K) wmb‡µvbvm †gvUi eënvi K‡I L) wmb‡µvbvm Kb‡Wbmvi eënvi K‡i
M) K¨vcvwmUi e¨vsK eënvi K‡I N) †dR G¨vWfvÞvi eënvi K‡i

(c) What is voltage regulator in power system? 2 Marks

Ans:
A voltage regulator is a circuit that creates and maintains a fixed output voltage, irrespective of
changes to the input voltage or load conditions.

3. Short Note:
Avgv‡`i eB †c‡Z Atikul's Power Sector Job Solution Gi †dmeyK †cB‡R †g‡mR Kiæb||Aa
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(a) SAIDI & SAIFI, (b) Capacitor grading (c) Differential Relay (d) SCADA (e) GIS 10
Marks

(a) SAIDI & SAIFI:

SAIDI: System Average Interruption Duration Index.
SAIFI: System Average Interruption Frequency Index.

(b) Capacitor grading:

The grading done by using the layers of dielectrics having different permittivities between the core
and the sheath is called Capacitance grading.

(c) Differential Relay:

A differential relay is defined as the relay that operafes when the phasor difference of two or more
similar electrical quantities exceeds a predetermined value. A relay that by its dsign or application is
intended to respond to the difference between electrical quantities associated with the protected
apparatus called differential relay.
wWdv‡iwÝqvj wi‡jt
wP‡Î wmwU ¸‡jvi mv‡_ wWdv‡ibwmqvj wi‡j mshy³ Av‡Q| hw` cÖvBgvix Ges †m‡KÛvix Kv‡i›U Gi cye©wba©vwiZ AbycvZ bv †g‡b
Abycv‡Zi wWdv‡iÞ e`‡j hvq| ZLb wWdv‡iwÞqvj wi‡j wUªc mvwK©U †K mwµq K‡i †Zv‡j| ZLbB mvwK©U wUªc K‡i|

4. (a) What are the Instrument Transformer? 2 Marks

Ans: There are two types of Instrument transformers:
Current transformers (CT)
Voltage transformers or potential transformers (VT or PT)

(b) Why secondary of CT is open? 4 Marks

Ans:
The secondary side of the current transformer is always kept short-circuited in order to avoid core
saturation and high voltage induction so that the current transformer can be used to measure high
values of currents.

(c) Benefits of using HVDC 4 Marks

Ans:
* Lower losses
* Lower investment cost

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* Long distance water crossing

* Limit short circuit currents
* No requirement of reactive power
* No system stabillty problem
* No production of charging current
* No increase of short circuit power at the connection

5. (a) What is the function of circuit breaker|? 2 Marks

Ans:
A circuit breaker is an electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused
by overcurrent/overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to interrupt current flow after protective
relays detect a fault.

(b) How vacuum C.B works? 4 Marks

Ans.

A vacuum circuit breaker is a kind of circuit breaker where the arc quenching takes place in vacuum
medium. The operation of switching on and closing of current carrying contacts and interrelated arc
interruption takes place in a vacuum chamber in the breaker which is called vacuum interrupter.

(c) Write different types of Circuit Breaker. 4 Marks

Ans.

There are three basic circuit breaker varieties: standard breakers (which include both single-pole and
double-pole circuit breakers), ground fault circuit interrupter circuit breakers (GFCIs) and arc fault
circuit interrupter circuit breakers (AFCIs).

6. A generating station has a maximum demand of 25 MW, a load factor of 60%, a plant capacity
factor of 50% and a plant use factor of 72%. Find 10 Marks
(a) the reserve capacity of the plant.
(b) the daily energy produced
(c) maximum energy that could be produced daily if the plant while running as per schedule, were
fully loaded-

Solution:
Average load= 0.60*25=15 MW
Plant Capacity= 15/0.50=30 MW
Reserve Capacity= Plant Capacity- Maximum Demand= 30-25=5 MW (Ans: a)
The daily energy produced=15*24=360 MWh (Ans: b)
Maximum Energy that could beproduced = ( Actual energy produced in a day/Plant use factor)
= (360/0.72)=500 MWh (Ans: c)

7. (a) English to Bangla Translate 5 Marks

What country does he belong to? †m †Kvb †`‡ki †jvK?

Why do you neglect your studies? Zywg cWvïbvq Ae‡njv Ki †Kb?

(b) Bangla to English Translate 5 Marks

Avwg GLv‡b †_‡K wKfv‡e Gqvi‡cv‡U© hv‡ev? - How do I get to the airport from here?
mvd‡j¨i Rb¨ †Zvgv‡K Awfb›`b Rvbvw‧Q - I congratulate you on your success

8. (a) About BREB Planing 5 Marks

Ans:

* Rbm¤ú…³ GjvKvq evwc‡eevÕi SzwKc~Y© weZiY jvBb cybt wbg©vY cÖKí|

* evwc‡eevÕi weZib †bUIqv‡K© 13 wU cjøx we`y¨r mwgwZ‡Z SCADA wm‡÷g ¯’vcY
* cjøx we`y¨r Kvh©µ‡gi AvIZvq 31 jÿ ¯§vU© wgUvi ¯’vcb|
* evwc‡eevÕi AvIZvq wMÖW Dc‡K›`ª I mÂvjb jvBb wbg©vY cÖKí|
* 5 wgwjqb B‡j‡±ªv-‡gKvwbK¨vj GbvwR© wgUvi‡K B‡jKUªwbK GbvwR© wgUvi w`‡q cÖwZ¯’vcb K‡i wm‡÷g jm Kgv‡bv|

Risk distribution line reconstruction project in BREB populated area.

Installation of SCADA system in 13 Palli Vidyut Samiti in Bapibebar distribution network.
Installation of 31 lakh smart meters under rural electrification programme.
Grid Substation and Transmission Line Construction Project under BREB.
Reducing system losses by replacing 5 million electro-mechanical energy meters with electronic
energy meters.

(b) World Economics Crisis 5 Marks

Ans: A series of severe and mutually reinforcing shocks — the COVID-19 pandemic, the war in
Ukraine and resulting food and energy crises, surging inflation, debt tightening, as well as the
climate emergency — battered the world economy in 2022.

evsjv‡`k cjøx we`y¨Zvqb †evW©

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Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board (BREB)

Post: Sub-Assistant Engineer
Department: Electrical, Civil, Mechanical, Power, Computer
Venue: (BREB OWN)
Exam Date: 10/10/2020
Time : 1 Hour Full Marks : 50

1. mvZ Rb exi‡kÖô Gi bvg I Zv‡`i c`ex D‡jøL Ki- (5 Mark)

DËit
µg bvg c`ex
01 gwnDwÏb Rvnv½xi K¨v‡Þb evsjv‡`k †mbv evwnbx
02 nvwg`yi ingvb wmcvnx evsjv‡`k †mbv evwnbx
03 ‡gv¯Ídv Kvgvj wmcvnx evsjv‡`k †mbv evwnbx
04 ‡gvnv¤§` iæûj Avwgb BwÃbiæg AvwU©wdmvi evsjv‡`k †mbv evwnbx
05 gwZDi ingvb d¬vBU †jd‡Ub¨v›U evsjv‡`k wegvb evwnbx
06 gywÝ Avãyi iDd j¨vÞ bv‡qK evsjv‡`k ivB‡djm
07 b~i †gvnv¤§` †kL j¨vÝ bv‡qK evsjv‡`k ivB‡djm

02. GKwU Pvi NvZ wW‡Rj BwÄ‡bi NvZ ¸‡jv Ges cøvB ûB‡ji KvR †jL| (3+2=5 Mark)
DËit (K) MÖnY NvZ (Suction Stroke)
(L) ms‡KvPb NvZ (Compression Stroke)
(M) kw³ Drcv`b NvZ (Power Stroke)
(N) wbM©gb NvZ (Exhaust Stroke)

BwÄb d¬vB ûB‡ji KvR Kx

DËit d¬vB ûBj XvjvB †jvnvi ˆZwi GKwU fvix PvKwZ we‡kl, hv µ¨vsK k¨vd‡Ui †cQ‡bi cÖv‡šÍ mshy³ _v‡K Ges µ¨vsK k¨vd‡Ui mv‡_ Ny‡i|
GwU BwÃ‡bi cvIqvi †÷ªvK n‡Z kw³ mÂq K‡i iv‡L Ges Bbvwk©qv mn IB kw³ w`‡q Ab¨vb¨ †÷ªvK¸‡jv cwiPvjbv K‡i| hv BwÃ‡bi MwZi
n«vm-e…w×‡Z evav cÖ`vb K‡i BwÃb‡K mylg MwZ‡Z cwiPvjbv K‡i| d¬vB ûB‡ji gva¨‡g BwÃ‡bi kw³ cÖ‡qvRbxq Kv‡R ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv nq|

3. cvIqvi d¨v±‡ii gvb Kg n‡j wm‡÷‡g wK wK Amyweav nq? wKfv‡e Zv Dbœqb Kiv hvq? (3+2=5)
cvIqvi d¨v±‡ii gvb Kg n‡j wb‡¤œi Amyweav ¸‡jv nq?
K) `ÿZv n«vm cvq
L) †fv‡ëR Wªc e…w× cvq
M) hš¿cvwZi ZvcgvÎv e…w× cvq
N) jvB‡b jm e…w× cvq|
DbœZ Kivi Dcvqt K) K¨vcvwmUi e¨vsK eënvi K‡i|
L) wmb‡µvbvm Kb‡Wbmvi eënvi K‡i|
M) wmb‡µvbvm †gvUi eënvi K‡i|
N) †dR G¨vWfvÞvi eënvi K‡i|

4. SDG Gi †gqv`Kvj KZ? Goal-7 Gi jÿ¨gvÎv KZwU †jL| (1+4=5 Mark)

DËit SDG Gi †gqv`Kvj nj 2016 mvj †_‡K 2030 mvj ch©šÍ|
K) `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb L) ÿzav gyw³ M) my ¯^v¯’¨ N) gvbm¤§Z wkÿv O) wj½ mgZv P) my‡cq cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb e¨e¯’v
Q) bevqb‡hvM¨ I e¨qmva¨ R¡vjvwb

5. Abyev` Ki- (3 Mark)

K) Avwg †mLv‡b †h‡Z B‡‧Q cÖKvk KiwQ|
DËit I’m willing to go there
L) GLb e…wó n‡Z cv‡i|
DËit It may rain now.

M) nvuUv fvj e¨vqvg|

DËit Walking is a good exercise.

6. GKwU †gvUi 1492 IqvU cvIqvi MÖnY K‡i GK Ak¦kw³ cvIqvi Drcbœ K‡i Gi `ÿZv †ei Ki- (3 mark)
mgvavbt
‡`Iqv Av‡Q,
BbcyU cvIqvi = 1492 IqvU
AvDUcyU cvIqvi = 1 H.P
Avgiv Rvwb, 1 H.P = 746 IqvU|
AZGe `ÿZv = (AvDUcyU cvIqvi ÷ BbcyU cvIqvi)
= (146÷1492)= 50%
7. wb‡Pi mvwK©‡Ui KZ cvIqvi LiP n‡e? (3 Mark)

mgvavbt By Kvl, -3+5I+2 = 0

I = (1÷5) = 0.2 Amp
cvIqvi LiP = 0.2^2×5 = 0.2 IqvU (DËi)
4. cÖ‡kœ Awgj wQj| (5 Mark)
DËi wgj K‡i †`Iqv njt
K) 2 gvP© 1971- cÖ_g cZvKv D‡Ëvjb
L) e½eÜz cÖZ¨veZ©b- 10 Rvbyqvwi 1972 M) 10 GwcÖj 1971- A¯’vqx miKvi MVb
N) †hŠ_evwnbx MwVZ nq- 21 b‡f¤^i 1971 O) gywRebMi- evsjv‡`‡ki cÖRvZš¿ †Nvlbv

9. cÖgvY Ki (4 Mark)
Sin50-Sin70+Sin10 = 0
mgvavbt
(Sin50-Sin70) +Sin10
= > 2 Cos {(50+70)/2} {(50-70)/2)}+Sin 10
= > -2 Cos 60 × Sin 10 + Sin 10
= > -2 × ½ × Sin 10 + Sin 10
= > -Sin 10 + Sin 10
=0
(Proved)
10. c~Y©iƒc wjL- (4 Mark)
K) ALU L) CDMA M) RAM N) IP
DËit
K) ALU-Arithmetic logic Unit
L) CDMA-Code Division Multiple Access
M) RAM- Random Access Memory
N) IP- Internet Protocol

11. K‡ivbv fvBivm cÖwZ‡iv‡a cvuPwU e¨e¯’v wjL- (5 Mark)

DËit
K) wbivc` `~iZ¡ eRvq †i‡L RbmgvM‡g Avmv
L) nvZ cwi®‹vi ivLv

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M) wbqwgZ gv¯‹ e¨envi Kiv

N) K‡ivbv jÿY eyS‡Z cvi‡j GKv _vKv|
O) gyLgÛ‡j nvZ Nb Nb bv †`Iqv|
12| wb‡Pi wPÎ ¸‡jvi bvg I GKK wjL| (3 gvK© )

DËit
K) BÛv±i GKK †nbwi
L) K¨vcvwmUi GKK d¨viv‡W
M) ‡mjwmqvm GKK †mw›U‡MÖW

evsjv‡`k cjøx we`y¨Zvqb †evW©

Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board (BREB)
Post: BREB AGM (O&M/P&M/ E&C)
Department: Electrical, Civil, Mechanical, Power, Computer
Venue: (BREB OWN)
Exam Date: 10/10/2020
Time : 1 Hour Full Marks : 50

1. What are the demerits of low power factor?

** ‡jv cvIqvi d¨v±‡ii ¸bv¸b¸wj Kx Kx?
DËit K) jvB‡b †fv‡ëR Wªc e…w× cvq, L) jvBb jm e…w× cvq,
M) hš¿cvwZ Mig n‡q hvq, N) hš¿cvwZi Avqy®‹vj K‡g hvq!
How power factor can be improved?
** wKfv‡e cvIqvi d¨v±i DbœwZ Kiv hvq?
DËit K) wmb‡µvbvm †gvUi eënvi K‡i
L) wmb‡µvbvm Kb‡Wbmvi eënvi K‡i
M) K¨vcvwmUi e¨vsK eënvi K‡i
N) †dR G¨vWfvÞvi eënvi K‡i

2. What is system loss?

** wm‡÷g jm wK?
DËit we`y¨r †Rbv‡ikb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i MÖvnK ch©šÍ †cŠQv‡Z †h jm ev AcPq nq Zv‡K wm‡÷g jm ejv nq| wm‡÷g jm `yB cÖKvit K)
KvwiMwi wm‡÷g jm L) AKvwiMwi wm‡÷g jm

Why high voltage is used for transmission?

** UªvÝwgk‡b D”P †fv‡ëR e¨envi Kiv nq †Kb?
DËit K) jvB‡bi jm Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ L) †fv‡ëR Wªc Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ M) jvB‡bi `ÿZv e…w×i Rb¨

3. Comparison between HVAC & HVDC. * HVAC Ges HVDC Gi g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki|
DËit K) HVAC ‡Z cvIqvi UªvÞwgkb Kiv HVDC Gi Zzjbvq RwUj Ges HVDC ‡Z hv mnR|
L) HVAC UªvÞwgk‡b Kcv‡ii cwigvY †ewk jv‡M Ges wWwm‡Z †mB Zzjbvq Kg jv‡M|
M) HVAC ‡Z wm‡÷g jm †ewk G‡ÿ‡Î HVDC wm‡÷g jm Kg|

4. A 4 pole dc generator is delivering 20A to a load of 10Ω. If the armature resistance is 0.5Ω and the
shunt field resistance is 50Ω. Calculate the induced emf and the efficiency of the machine. Allow a drop
of 1V per brush (assume no iron and friction loss).
** GKwU Pvi †cvj wWwm †Rbv‡iU‡ii ‡Wwjfvwi Kv‡i›U 20 Amp 10 Ing †jv‡W| hw` Av‡g©Pvi †iwRU¨vÞ 0.5 Ing Ges kv›U wdì
†iwR÷¨vÞ 50 Ing nq| Zvn‡j wbY©q Kiæb BbwWDmW B.Gg. Gd Ges †gwk‡bi `ÿZv| cÖwZ eªv‡k †fv‡ëR Wªc 1 ‡fvë (Avqib Ges
wd«Kkb jm †bB)
mgvavbt
‡jvW Kv‡i›U = 20 Amp
‡jvW †fv‡ëR = 20 × 10 = 200 Volt
kv›U wdì Kv‡i›U = (200÷50) = 4 Amp
Av‡g©Pvi Kv‡i›U = 20+4 = 24 Amp
eªvk †fv‡ëR = 1×2 = 2 Volt
Drcvw`Z kw³ = {200+ (24×0.5)+2} = 214 Volt
‡gwk‡bi `ÿZv = (AvDUcyU cvIqvi÷ BbcyU cvIqvi) × 100
= {(200×20)÷(214×24)} × 100
= 77.88% (DËi)

5. Two generators rated 200MW & 400MW respectively are working in parallel and supplying a total
load of 300MW. Speed regulation of both generators is 4%. What will be the load sharing between
them.

mgvavbt
awi, GKwU †jv‡Wi †iwUs = X ‡gMvIqvU, Aci †jvW = (300-X) ‡gMvIqvU
kZ©g‡Z, 4x/200 = 4 (300-x)/400
X= 100 MW = GKwU †jvW
Aci †jvW = 300-100 = 200 MW
DËit GKwU †jvW 100 ‡gMvIqvU Ges Aci †jvW 200 ‡gMvIqvU

6. What do you mean by feedback?

** wdWe¨vK ej‡Z Zzwg wK eyS?
DËit GKwU wm‡÷‡gi AvDUcyU GbvwR© ev wmMbvj Gi GKwU Ask‡K cybivq wm‡÷‡gi BbcyU wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv‡K wdWe¨vK ejv nq|
What type of feedback is used in Oscillator and Amplifier?
** wK ai‡bi wdWe¨vK eënvi Kwi Oscillator and Amplifier G?
DËit Awm‡jU‡i Avgiv cwRwUf wdWe¨vK eënvi Kwi|
Amplifier G Avgiv †b‡MwUf wdWe¨vK eënvi Kwi|
Discuss necessity of feedback.
** wdWe¨v‡Ki cÖ‡qvRbxqZv m¤ú‡K© wjL|
DËit
Feedback Aplifier ‡b‡MwUf wdWe¨vK wn‡m‡e cwijwÿZ nq| †b‡MwUf wdWe¨v‡Ki d‡j wm‡÷‡gi ÷¨vwewjwU, e¨vÛDB_ †e‡o hvq|
b‡qR K‡g Av‡m Gi mv‡_ †MBbI LvwbKUv K‡g Av‡m|

7. Advantages & Disadvantages of Frequency Modulation.

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8. Draw & explain simplified differential relay.

DËit

wWdv‡iwÝqvj wi‡jt
wP‡Î wmwU ¸‡jvi mv‡_ wWdv‡ibwmqvj wi‡j mshy³ Av‡Q| hw` cÖvBgvix Ges †m‡KÛvix Kv‡i›U Gi cye©wba©vwiZ AbycvZ bv †g‡b Abycv‡Zi
wWdv‡iÞ e`‡j hvq| ZLb wWdv‡iwÞqvj wi‡j wUªc mvwK©U †K mwµq K‡i †Zv‡j| ZLbB mvwK©U wUªc K‡i|

9. Advantages & Disadvantages of Optical fiber communication.

** AcwUK¨vj dvBevi KwgDwb‡Kk‡bi myweav Amyweav wjL
myweavt
K) evB‡ii †Kvb wmMbvj hy³ bv nIqvq AvDUcyU wmMbvj fvj cvIqv hvq|
L) b‡qR †bB ej‡jB P‡j| M) WvUv Lye ZvovZvwo Av‡jvi MwZ‡Z †cÖiY Kiv hvq| N) D‧P e¨vÛDB_
O) ˆe`y¨wZK Pz¤^K cÖfve †_‡K gy³|
Amyweavt
K) cÖv_wgK ¯’vcb LiP †ewk|
L) iÿYv‡eÿ‡Yi LiP †ewk|
M) U AvK…wZ‡Z evuKv‡bv m¤¢e bq|

10. Draw the output voltage wave.

** AvDUcyU †fv‡ëR I‡qf AvuK|
DËit

DËit

evsjv‡`k cjøx we`y¨Zvqb †evW©

Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board (BREB)
Post: Sub-Assistant Engineer
Department: Electrical, Civil, Mechanical, Power
Exam Date: 04/11/2020
Time : 2 Hour Full Marks : 50
1. (K) Kzj‡¤î m~Î wjLyb Ges Dnvi e¨vL¨v Kiæb!!
DËit
Kzj‡¤î m~Î
Kzj‡¤î m~Î Z_v Kzj‡¤î wecixZ eM©xq m~Î n‡jv c`v_©weÁv‡bi Ggb GKwU m~Î, hv `ywU Avav‡bi (Pv‡R©i) gaëZx© AvKl©Y ev weKl©‡Yi ¯îƒc
e¨vL¨v K‡i| 1785 wLª÷v‡ã divwm c`v_©we` Pvj©m AMvw÷b wW Kzj¦ m~ÎwU Avwe®‹vi K‡ib Ges wZwb Zwor Pz¤^K‡Z¡i h‡_ó DbœwZ mvab K‡ib|
GB m~Î wbDU‡bi gnvKlx©q m~Î Gi m`…k| Kzj‡¤î m~Î †_‡K MvD‡mi m~Î cvIqv hvq Ges ZwØcixZ| GB m~ÎwU e¨cKfv‡e cixwÿZ Ges
cÖgvwYZ|
cÖ_g m~Î
GKB ai‡bi PvR© ci¯úi‡K weKl©Y K‡i Ges wecixZ agx© PvR© ci¯úi‡K AvKl©Y K‡i|
wØZxq m~Î

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`yBwU we›`y Pv‡R©i g‡a¨ AvKl©Y ev weKl©Y ej PvR© `yBwUi cwigv‡Yi ¸Yd‡ji mgvbycvwZK Ges G‡ì g‡a¨ `~i‡Z¡i e‡M©i e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK Ges GB
ej G‡ì ms‡hvRK mij‡iLv eivei wµqv K‡i|
A_©vr F∞q1q2. F∞ 1/r2
(L) GKwU 20 Kzj¤^ Gi AvwnZ e¯`‡K k~b¨¯’v‡b Aci GKwU 50 Kzj¤^ Gi AvwnZ e¯`‡K hy³ Kiv nj| Zvu‡ì gaëZx© e‡ji gvb wbY©q Ki|
mgvavbt

2. (K) Zwor cÖevn Kv‡K e‡j? Dnvi GKK wK?

DËit †Kv‡bv GKwU mvwK©‡U cwievnxi ga¨ w`‡q B‡jKUªb cÖev‡ni nvi‡K Zwor cÖevn e‡j| Zwor cÖev‡ni GKK nj A¨vw¤úqvi|
(L) GKwU e¨vUvix, myBP I evj¦ cÖZx‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ cÖKvk K‡i Zwor eZ©bx AvuKzb Ges Zwor cÖev‡ni w`K wb‡`©k Kiæb|

DËit

(M) Ifvi‡nW jvBb wK? PviwU KÛv±‡ii bvg wjLyb|

DËit
Ifvi‡nW jvBbt Ifvi‡nW A_©B n‡‧Q gv_vi Dc‡i| gv_vi Dci w`‡q †h jvBbwU wbivc` `~iZ¡ eRvq †i‡L Uvbv nq Zv †KgIfvi †nW jvBb
e‡j|
PviwU KÛv±‡ii bvgt K) Kcvi L) Gjywgwbqvg M) †mvbv N) wmjfvi
3. K) Zwor wefe ej‡Z wK eySvq? wefe cv_©K¨ e¨vL¨v Kiæb|
DËit †Kv‡bv cwievnx‡K ZworMÖ¯Í Ki‡j, cwievnxwU Ab¨ cwievnx‡K Zwor w`‡Z cv‡i wKsev Ab¨ cwievnx †_‡K Zwor wb‡Z cv‡i| cwievnxi
GB iKg Ae¯’v‡K Ii Zwor wefe (Electric Potential) e‡j|
wefe cv_©K¨t cÖwZ GKK abvZ¥K Avavb‡K Zwor †ÿ‡Î GK we›`y †_‡K Ab¨ we›`y‡Z ¯’vbvšÍi Ki‡Z m¤úbœ Kv‡Ri cwigvY‡K H `yB we›`yi wefe
cv_©K¨ e‡j| wefe cv_©‡Kï GKK †fvë|
mvaviYZ Zwor welqK wewfbœ Kv‡R wefe cv_©K¨ eënvi Kiv nq| KviY GK we›`y †_‡K Av‡iK we›`y‡Z Zwor cÖevn Ki‡Z n‡j Aek¨B wefe
cv_©K¨ m…wó Ki‡Z n‡e| Zwor D‧P wefe †_‡K wb¤œ wef‡ei w`‡K cÖevwnZ nq| †Kv‡bv e¯ì abvZ¥K PvR© e…w× cvIqv gv‡b e¯ì wefe e…w×
cvIqv|

L) In‡gi m~ÎwU wjLyb Ges MvwYwZK fv‡e e¨vL¨v Kiæb|

DËit
In‡gi m~Ît w¯’i ZvcgvÎvq †Kv‡bv cwievnx c`v‡_©i g‡a¨ w`‡q cÖevwnZ Kv‡i›U IB cwievnx c`v‡_©i `yB cÖv‡šÍi wefe cv_©‡K¨i mgvbycvwZK
Ges †iv‡ai e¨¯ÍbycvwZK|
e¨vL¨vt

w¯’i ZvcgvÎvq †Kv‡bv cwievnx c`v‡_©i g‡a¨ w`‡q cÖevwnZ Kv‡i›U IB cwievnx c`v‡_©i `yB cÖv‡šÍi wefe cv_©‡K¨i mgvbycvwZK| `yB cÖ v‡šÍi
wefe cv_©K¨ ej‡Z Va-Vb ‡evSvq| cÖevwnZ Kv‡i›U| Zvn‡j
m~Î Abyhvq Va-Vb ∞
ev V∞| [Va-Vb= V]
AZGe V=IR [R aªæeK gvb]
V
I=
R
V
=R
I
4. K) we`y¨r Gi wm‡÷g jm Kv‡K e‡j?
DËit we`y¨r †Rbv‡ikb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i MÖvnK ch©šÍ †cŠQv‡Z †h jm ev AcPq nq Zv‡K wm‡÷g jm ejv nq| wm‡÷g jm `yB cÖKvit K)
KvwiMwi wm‡÷g jm L) AKvwiMwi wm‡÷g jm

L) Dnv wKfv‡e n«vm Kiv hvq?

DËit we`y¨r Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi j‡ÿ¨ cwiKwíZ fv‡e †Kv‡bv GjvKvq we`y¨r mieivn eÜ ivLv‡K †jvW‡kwWs e‡j|

5. 3 nm© cvIqv‡ii GKwU †gvUi (wm‡½j †dR) Ges 3.5 wK‡jvIqvU Gi GKwU GqviKzjvi ˆ`wbK 3 N›Uv K‡i 30 w`b Pj‡j cÖwZ BDwbU
we`y¨r Gi gyj¨ 4.80 UvKv wn‡m‡e †gvU KZ UvKv we`y¨r wej w`‡Z n‡e?
mgvavbt
‡gvU GbvwR© = [{(3×0.746) × 3} + {3.5×3}] × 30
= 516.42 KWh
‡gvU we`y¨r wej = 516.42 × 4.80 = 2478.81 UvKv (DËi)
6. K) UªvÝdg©v‡ii KvR wK? UªvÝdg©v‡ii `ywU c¨vivjvj Acv‡ik‡bi kZ© wjL|
DËit UªvÞdg©v‡ii KvRt we`y¨r kw³ cwieZ©b Kiv|
UªvÞdg©v‡ii `ywU c¨vivjvj Acv‡ik‡bi kZ©t
1) cÖ‡Z¨KwU UªvÞdg©v‡ii ˆewkó¨ GKB n‡Z n‡e
2) †fv‡ëR, †dR wmKz‡qÞ I wd«‡Kv‡qwÞ GKB n‡Z n‡e|
L) †Kv‡bv UªvÞdg©vi 240 ‡fvë Gwm Dr‡m mshy³ Av‡Q| Gi gyL¨ I †MŠY KzÛjxi cvK msL¨v h_vµ‡g 1000 I 50| Gi †MŠY KzÛjxi
†fv‡ëR KZ?

7. K) wcZv I cy‡Îi g¨v_t

iwng I Kwi‡gi eq‡mi Mo 35 eQi| iwng I nvgRvi eq‡mi Mo 20 KQi| nvgRvi eqm 11 eQi n‡j Kwi‡gi eqm KZ?

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DËit iwng I Kwi‡gi eq‡mi mgwó 70 eQi

iwng I nvgRvi eq‡mi mgwó 40 eQi
nvgRvi eqm 11 n‡j iwn‡gi eqm 40-11=29 eQi
iwn‡gi eqm 29 eQi n‡j Kwi‡gi eqm 70-29=41 eQi (DËi)

L) x-1/x = 2 n‡j x4+1/x4 Gi gvb wbY©q Kiæb|

mgvavbt
x^4+1/x^4
= (x^2)^2 + (1/x^2)^2
= (x^2+1/x^2)^2-2.x^2.1/x^2
= {(x-1/x)^2+2.x.1/x}^2-2
= {(2^2+2)^2-2}
= 34 (ANS)

8. K) 0.49 †K fMœvs‡k cÖKvk Ki

mgvavbt
49/100
L) Pv‡ji g~j¨ 25% e…w× †c‡j Dnvi e¨envi wK cwigvY Kgv‡j Li‡Pi †Kv‡bv ZviZg¨ NU‡e bv|
mgvavbt
e¨envi n«v‡mi nvi = (100×25)÷ (100+25) = 20% Ans.

9. fve m¤úªmviY Kiæbt

DËg wbwð‡šÍ P‡j Aa‡gi mv‡_, wZwbB ga¨g whwb P‡jb Zdv‡Z|
g~jfve
whwb fv‡jv wZwb mevi m‡½ wg‡kb| Aciw`‡K, whwb ga¨g wZwb me©`v DËg I Aa‡gi †_‡K `~iZ¡ eRvq †i‡L P‡jb|

m¤úªmvwiZ fve
GKB i³-gvs‡mi Mov n‡jI mgv‡Ri mKj gvbyl GKB êwk‡óï AwaKvix bq| we‡eK, eyw×, AvPvi-AvPiY, †gNv, PwiÎ I Kg©mvabvi wePv‡i
mgvR¯’ gvbyl‡K mvaviYZ DËg, ga¨g I Aag- G wZb †kÖwY‡Z wef³ Kiv nq| DËg gvbyl mevi Kv‡QB kÖ×vi cvÎ| Avi Aag mK‡ji wbKU
M…Yvi cvÎ| DËg I Aa‡gi gvSvgvwS Avi GKwU we‡kl †kÖwY i‡q‡Q hv‡ì ejv nq ga¨g| DËi I Aa‡gi cwiPq ¯úó, Zv‡ì ¯îƒcI
mnR‡eva¨| wKš` ga¨‡gi ¯îƒc eySv mwZ¨B `yiƒn|

mgv‡R G‡ì msL¨v Kg bq| RMr msmv‡i whwb DËg Zvi PwiÎ I AvPvi-AvPiY mr, Av`k© I b¨vqwbô n‡q _v‡K weavq wZwb wbwð‡šÍ Aa‡gi
mv‡_ wgk‡Z cv‡ib| Zvi PwiÎ Aa‡gi cÖfv‡e cÖfvweZ nIqvi Avk¼v _v‡K bv| eis DË‡gi ms¯ú‡k© Aa‡gi PwiÎ ms‡kvwaZ nq| wb‡Ri
¯^KxqZv iÿvq cvi½g e‡jB Aag‡K wZwb Gwo‡q P‡jb bv| wKš` hviv DËg ev Aag †Kv‡bvwUB bq, †mB ga¨g †kÖwY †fv‡M wØav I msk‡q|
ga¨g e¨w³MY my‡KŠk‡j Aa‡gi mv‡_ `~iZ¡ eRvq †i‡L P‡jb| cÖK…Zc‡ÿ Zv‡ì G fv‡jvgvbywli †Kv‡bv g~j¨B †bB| Avm‡j DËg I Aa‡gi
gvSvgvwS Ae¯’vbUv A¯^‧Q I wec¾bK| ga¨g‡ì g‡a¨ mvaviYZ †`vl ¸‡Yi mswgkÖY _v‡K| Zv‡ì wek¦vm Aag‡ì cÖfv‡e Zv‡ì PwiÎI Aag
n‡q hv‡e| Avevi G †kÖwYi g‡a¨ AvZ¥-AnwgKv cÖKUfv‡e we`¨gvb _v‡K e‡j DËg‡ì mv‡_I wgk‡Z cv‡i bv| wb‡R‡ì ¯^v‡_©v×v‡i ga¨giv
A‡bK mgq DË‡gi QÝ‡ek aviY K‡ib| Avmj ga¨giv DËg I Aag Kv‡iv mv‡_B Pj‡Z cv‡ib bv|

gšÍe¨
gnr e¨w³iv mgv‡Ri g½‡ji Rb¨ me©¯Í‡ii gvby‡li m‡½B wgkb| Zviv mgv‡Ri ÎvYKZ©v| mgv‡Ri g½‡ji Rb¨ Zv‡`i h‡_ó cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q|

10. Write a paragraph on ‘A Winter Morning’

Ans:
A winter morning is a mornign of the winter season. Generally, winter morning is misty and cold. There is
dense fog everywhere. Sometimes the density of fog is so that the sun rays can not get through it. We cannot
see things even at a little distance. Again we don’t hear Bird’s chirping too much. The cow, goat, and other
animals can not come out. Dewdrops fall on leaves and blades of grass at night. It looks like they are glittering
pearls when the dun rays fall on them. As village children and people are mostly poor, they have hardly warm
cloths. Children and old men gather straw and dry leaves to make a fire to warm themselves. Besides, the poor
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old men and children bask themselves in the sun for want of warmth. People in general and children get up
late from bed. So everyone is busy having breakfast, dressing, and getting ready for going to their respective
places. However, in the winter morning, everyone can enjoy delicious foods. Especially people in the village
enjoy sweet cakes, pies of date juice, and many other things. The scene of the winter morning vanishes as the
day gradually advances. The sun goes up and the fog starts melting. A winter morning is really enjoyable in
many respects.

evsjv‡`k cjøx we`y¨Zvqb †evW©

Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board (BREB)
Post: Sub-Assistant Engineer (Electrical)
Exam Date: 04/11/2017
Time : 2 Hour Full Marks : 80

1. (i) Skin Effect I Ferranti Effect Kx? e¨vL¨v Kiæb|

DËi t Skin effect: Gwm we`y¨r cÖev‡n †Kv‡bv cwievnxi ga¨ w`‡q cÖevwnZ nIqvi mgq †m cwievnxi wfZ‡i cÖ‡ek bv K‡i cwievnxi
DcwifvM w`‡q cÖevwnZ nIqvi †Póv K‡i, GUv‡K w¯‹b B‡d± e‡j| w¯‹b B‡d‡±i Kvi‡Y jvB‡bi ‡iwR÷¨vÞ e…w× cvq, d‡j jvBb jmI e…w×
cvq|
‡divw›U B‡d± (Ferranti effect) t gvSvwi I j¤^v UªvÞwgkb jvBb †jvWwenxb A_ev Lye Aí †jvW mshy³ _vK‡j GKwU wjwWs PvwR©s Kv‡i›U
cÖev‡ni Kvi‡Y †cÖiY-cÖvšÍ A‡cÿv MÖnY cÖv‡šÍ †fv‡ë‡Ri gvb †ewk n‡Z †`Lv hvq| GB †d‡bv‡gbb ev NUbv‡K †divw›U B‡d± e‡j|

(ii) GKwU 4 †cvj wWwm †Rbv‡iUi 240 †fvë-G 750 AviwcGg-G P‡j| Av‡g©Pvi I‡qf IqvBwÛs, wewkó hv‡Z 792wU cwievnx Av‡Q| hw`
cÖwZ †cv‡j †gvU d¬v• 0.0145 I‡qevi nq Z‡e wj‡KR †Kv-Bwdwm‡q›U †ei Kiæb|
ZNP
mgvavb t E g 
60 A
‡`Iqv Av‡Q,
  792  750  4
 240 
60  2 P=4 pole
   0.0121wb
Leakage co-efficient Eg= 240volt
Total flux/pole 0.0145
   1.2 (Ans)
Working flux/pole 0.0121 N=750RPM

Z=792
2. (i) 33kV Sub-transmission line-Gi wb¤œwjwLZ Z_¨vewj †`qv n‡jv-
cÖwZ km-G cwievnxi IRb 680kg, ¯ú¨v‡bi ˆ`N©¨ = 260m, cwievnxi m‡e©v”P cxob = 3100kg, ‡mdwU d¨v±i = 21 hw` f~wg †_‡K
  0.0145wb
cwievnxi me©wb¤œ `~iZ¡ 10 wgUvi nq, Z‡e f~wg †_‡K KZUzKz Dc‡i Tower-G cwievnx jvMv‡Z n‡e Ges Sag KZ n‡e?
mgvavb t
‡`Iqv Av‡Q ,
W = WC =680kg/km=0.68kg/m,   260m
Ultimate strength 3100
Avgiv Rvwb, Kvh©KixUvb, T    1550kg
Safety factor 2
w 2 0.68  2602
S    3.7m (Ans.)
8T 8  1550
cwievnxi D‧PZv = 10+3.7m = 13.7m (Ans.)
(ii) GKwU †gvU‡ii mv‡_ †Rbv‡iUi, Shaft coupling-Gi gva¨‡g Nyiv‡bv n‡”Q| hw` †Rbv‡iU‡ii Terminal voltage I Kv‡i›U
h_vµ‡g 100V I 10A Ges `ÿZv 70% nq, Zvn‡j Motor-Gi HP wbY©q Kiæb|
mgvavbt

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Pout  VI  100 10  1000W

Pout 1000 ‡`Iqv Av‡Q,
  0.75 
Pin Pin V=100V
Pin  1333.33w
I = 10A
1333.33
Pin  HP
746   75%  0.75
 1.79HP (Ans) Pin = ?
3. (i) wb‡Pi †bUIqvK© n‡Z RT wbY©q Kiæbt

mgvavb t

Here,
99  99  99
R1 = R2=R3 = =27
9
RT ={(6||27)+(6||27)}||(6||27)
=9.818||4.909
=3.27 (Ans.)
(ii) Q-d¨v±i ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
DËi t Q-factor t wmwiR Resonance-Gi mgq L A_ev C-Gi AvovAvwo‡Z c‡Ubwkqvj cv_©K¨ mieivn ev cÖ‡qvMK…Z Voltage-Gi
PvB‡Z eû¸Y e…w× cvq| Resonance-Gi Kvi‡Y m…ó Voltage weea©b‡K Series Resonance ckt-G Q-factor ev Quality factor
e‡j|
1
2 
V IX 2f 0 L 2 LC  L
Q0  L  L  
VR IR R R
1 W0 L 1
 
R R W0CR

4. (i) Boolean Equation ‡_‡K Simplify ckt ‰Zwi Kiæb|

Y = ABC+AB' (A'.C')'
mgvavb t Y = ABC+AB' (A'.C')'
 
Y = ABC+A. B A.C
 ABC  A B A  C 
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 ABC  AB A  C 
 ABC  AB.A  ABC
 ABC  AB  ABC
 ABC  AB1  C 
 ABC  AB

(ii) J-K File-Flop mvwK©U A¼b K‡i Zvi Truth Table wjLyb|
DËit- J-K Flip-Flopt R-S Flip-Flop Gi Race Condition `~i Kivi Rb¨ Two input wewkó †h Flip-Flop mvwK©U e¨eýZ nq
Zvnv‡K J-K Flip-Flop e‡j|

K) mvwK©U WvqvMÖvg

L) Uªy_ †Uwej
/
eY©bvt GLv‡b J-K BbcyU jvBb, Q Ges Q AvDUcyU jvBb Ges CLK wUªMvwis BbcyU cvj&m|
Kvh©cÖYvjxt K¬K cvj&‡mi Abycw¯’wZ‡Z J I K Gi gvb hvnvB †nvK bv †Kb AvDUcz‡U †Kvb cwieZ©b n‡e bv| Avevi K¬K cvj&‡mi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z
J=K=0 n‡jI AvDUcy‡U †Kvb cwieZ©b n‡e bv| K¬K cvj‡mi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z J =0, K=1 n‡j AvDUczU (Q) Reset Ae¯’vq _vK‡e Ges J
=1, K=0 n‡j AvDUczU (Q) Set Ae¯’vq _vK‡e Ges J =K=1 n‡j AvDUczU (Q) toggle n‡e; A_©vr toggle n‡j AvDUcyU G c~‡e©i
AvDUcy‡Ui wecixZ Ae¯’v weivR Ki‡e| hvnv Uªy_ †Uwe‡j †`Lv‡bv nBj|
5. (i) Kgb Kv‡j±i (CC) I Kgb †em (CB) UªvbwR÷i mvwK©U A¼b Kiæb I †j‡ej Kiæb|
DËit
Kgb Kv‡jKUi (C.C) UªvbwR÷i mvwK©Ut-

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wPÎt- PNP transistor NPN transistor

Kgb †em (C.B) UªvbwR÷i mvwK©Ut-

wPÎt- PNP transistor

wPÎt- NPN transistor

GLv‡b,
Vi=Input voltage, Ie=Input current, Ic=Collector curent, IB=Base current,
Vo=Output voltage, RL=load resistance, RC=Collector circuit, RE=Emmiter circuit
resistance,

(ii) JFET Ges MOSFET-Gi g‡a¨ 4wU cv_©K¨ wjLyb|

6. (i) 25kVA, 2000/20V wm‡½j †dR UªvÝdig©v‡ii Avqib Ges dzj †jvW-G Kcvi jm h_vµ‡g 350W Ges 4000W| wbY©q Kiæb-
BDwbU cvIqv d¨v±i Bwdwm‡qwÝ- (K) nvd †jvW, (L) dzj †jvW|
mgvavb t
‡`qv Av‡Q, Pcore=350W; Pcu=4000W
 ( Half )  ?
 ( Full )  ?
nvd †jv‡W †gvU
1
Loss = 4000×  2  350  1000  350
 2
 1350 W  1.35 kW
Unity power factor-G Half load-G-
 25 
Output =   1  12.5kW
 2
12.5
   0.9  90% (Ans.)
12.5  1.35
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Full load-G
†gvU Loss =4000+350 = 4350W = 4.35kW
Unity power factor-G Full load-G
Output = 25×1=25kW
25
   0.85  85% (Ans.)
25  4.35

(ii) UªvÝdg©vi I BÛvKkb †gvU‡ii g‡a¨ 4wU cv_©K¨ wjLyb|

DËit- wb‡¤œ UªvÞdigvi I BÛvKkb †gvU‡ii g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †`Lv‡bv n‡jv-
UªvÝdigvi BÛvKkb †gvUi
1| UªvÞdigvi GKwU w¯’i wWfvBm| 1| BÛvKkb †gvUi MwZkxj ev gywfs wWfvBm|
2| Kzwjs wm‡÷‡g Bbmy‡jkb I‡qj eëþZ nq| 2| Kzwjs wm‡÷‡g Bbmy‡jkb I‡qj eëþZ nq bv|
3| cÖvBgvix I †m‡KÛvix Dfq K‡qj w¯’i _v‡K| 3| cÖvBgvix ‡óUi Gi mv‡_ _v‡K Ges †m‡KÛvix †ivU‡ii mv‡_
_v‡K|
4| w¯øc wis eëýZ nq bv| 4| w¯øc wis eëýZ nq|
5| UªvÞdigvi †Kvb cÖKvi ê`y¨wZK ms‡hvM QvovB GK eZ©bx 5| BÛvKkb †gvUi ê`y¨wZK kw³‡K hvwš¿K kw³‡Z iæcvšÍwiZ
n‡Z Ab¨ eZ©bx‡Z êw`y¨wZK cvIqvi mieivn K‡i _v‡K| K‡i|
7. (i) 21 wgUvi ˆ`N©¨ Ges 15 wgUvi cÖ¯’wewkó GKwU evMv‡bvi Pviw`‡K 2 wgUvi PIov GKwU c_ Av‡Q| cÖwZ eM©wgUvi 25 UvKv wn‡m‡e
c_wU‡Z Nvm jvMv‡Z †gvU KZ LiP n‡e?
mgvavbt AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi †ÿÎdj (21×15) eM©wgUvi
= 315 eM©wgUvi
iv¯Ívev‡` evMv‡bi ˆ`N©¨ = 21–(2+2) wgUvi
= (21 – 4) wgUvi
= 17 wgUvi
iv¯Ívev‡` evMv‡bi cÖ¯’ =(17×11) eM©wgUvi = 187 eM©wgUvi
iv¯Ívi †ÿÎdj = (315 – 187) eM©wgUvi = 128 eM©wgUvi
1 eM©wgUv‡i LiP nq 25 UvKv
128 eM©wgUv‡i LiP nq = (128×25) UvKv
= 3200 UvKv (Ans)

(ii) (p+q)2= 27 Ges P  6  q n‡j p q  pq  KZ?

3 2 2 3 3

1
mgvavb t (p+q) = 27  27  (3)
1 3.
2 3
3 3
3
 ( p  q)  32

 p  q  3.......... ...(i)
Avevi, p  6  q
2 2

 p2  q2  6
 ( p  q)( p  q)  6
 3 p  q  6 [(i) bs n‡Z gvb ewm‡q]
3. 2
 pq 
3
 p  q  2.......... ......( ii)
(i)  (ii)  2 p  3  2
3 2
 p
2

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Avevi, (i)  (ii)  2q  3  2

3 2
q
2
 3  2  3  2 
 pq      3   2 
2 2


32 1

 
 2  2  4 4 4

 p q  pq  pq p  q
3 3
 2 2


 pq  p  q  2 pq
2

1
4
 
2 1 1
  3  2.   .3 
4 4
1
8
3 1 6 1 5
    (Ans.)
4 8 8 8
8. (i) Translate English to Bangla :
In last one decade, there has been a radical change in using solar power in Bangladesh. The demand of this is
increasing day by day. At present about twenty million people of the country is getting electricity through
using solar power. The usage of power has increased much than before using not only solar power but also
different renewable sources.
Abyev` t MZ GK `k‡K evsjv‡`‡k †mŠikw³ eënv‡i e¨vcK cwieZ©b mvwaZ n‡q‡Q| Gi Pvwn`v w`b w`b evo‡Q| eZ©gv‡b †`‡ki cÖvq wek
wgwjqb †jvK †mŠikw³ eënvi K‡i we`y¨r cv‡‧Q| we`y¨‡Zi eënvi c~‡e©i †P‡q A‡bK †e‡o‡Q, ïay †mŠikw³ eënvi K‡i bq Ab¨vb¨
bevqb‡hvM¨ Drm eënvi K‡iI|
(ii) Fill in the gap:
A national flag is the symbol of (i)____ of a nation. (ii)____ a free nation, we have a national flag is the
(iii)____ of our national integrity, solidarity and sovereignty. We (iv)____ our national flag at the cost of a sea
of blood in 1971.
Ans: (i) freedom, (ii) As, (iii) symbol, (iv) achieved.
9. (i) Translate Bangla to English :
Ôc‡njv êkvLÕ evsjv bee‡l©i cÖ_g w`b| w`bwU miKvwi QzwUi w`b| Gw`bwU Avgv‡ì Kv‡Q we‡kl fv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| cÖwZeQi w`bwU cÖ_vMZfv‡e
cvwjZ nq|
Ans: Pahela Baishakh is the first day of Bangla New Year. The day is a Public holiday. The day is specially
important to us. Every year the day is celebrated traditionally.
(ii) GK K_vq cÖKvk Kiæb t
(K) g…‡Zi g‡Zv Ae¯’v hvi, (L) †h Mv‡Q dj a‡i wKš` dzj a‡i bv, (M) ïfÿ‡Y Rb¥ hvi, (N) †h fwel¨r bv †f‡eB KvR K‡i|
DËit (K) g…‡Zi g‡Zv Ae¯’v hvi-gyg~l©y
(L) †h Mv‡Q dj a‡i wKš` dzj a‡i bv-eb¯úwZ
(M) ïfÿ‡Y Rb¥ hvi-ÿYRb¥v
(N) †h fwel¨r bv †f‡eB KvR K‡i-Aweg…k¨Kvix
10. (i) Lvov Dc‡ii w`‡K GKwU i‡KU wb‡ÿc Kiv n‡j Gi R¡vjvwb Dc‡ii w`‡K 40ms-2 Z¡iY m„wó K‡i Ges R¡vjvwb †kl bv nIqv ch©šÍ
Z¡i‡Yi gvb GKB _v‡K| i‡KUwU‡K hw` 8kms-1 ‡eM AR©b Ki‡Z nq, Z‡e KZ mg‡qi Rb¨ R¡vjvwbi eënvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e?
mgvavb t
‡Ìqv Av‡Q, g=40m/s2, v=8km/s=8000m/s, u=0.
Avgiv Rvwb,
v = u +gt
ev, 8000 = 0 + 40 × t
ev, t = 200 sec (Ans.)
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(ii) 20kW ÿgZvi GKwU BwÄb Aa© wgwb‡U 3000kg cvwb 10m Dc‡ii Zzj‡Z cv‡i| (K) jf¨ Kvh©Ki kw³, (L) jf¨ Kvh©Ki ÿgZv
wbY©q Kiæb|
mgvavbt
‡`Iqv Av‡Q, P=20kW=2000W, t=30 sec,
m=3000kg, h=10m.
Kvh©Ki kw³ = mgh
= 3000 × 9.81 × 10N-m
= 294300J = 294.3kJ (Ans.)
mgh 3000  9.81 10
Kvh©Ki ÿgZv =   9.81kW
t 30
evsjv‡`k cjøx we`y¨Zvqb †evW©
Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board (BREB)
c‡`i bvgt mnKvix Rywbqi BwÃwbqvi cixÿvi ZvwiLt 06/02/2021
‡UK‡bvjwR: Aj wWcvU©‡g›U
mgqt 1 N›Uv c~Y©gvbt 50

1| wb‡Pi evsjv AskUzKz‡K Bs‡iwR‡Z Abyev` Kiæbt

evsjv fvlvi †MŠi‡ev¾¡j HwZn¨ i‡q‡Q| G †`‡ki QvÎmgvR Avgv‡ì fvlvi gvb ivL‡Z Rxeb w`‡q‡Q| GB kwnìv Avgv‡ì BwZnvm I
RvwZi Me©|
DËit Bengali language has a glorious history. The students of our country sacrificed their lives for the
language. These martyrs are the pride of our history and nation.
2| evK¨ ï× Kiæbt
(K) GK †cŠ‡l kxZ hvq bv| (L) Zv‡K hvB‡Z `vI| (M) Avgvi UvKvi Avek¨K bvB| (N) wewa j․Nb n‡q‡Q|
(O) †Zvgvi mv‡_ †Mvcb K_v Av‡Q|
DËit (K) GK gv‡N kxZ hvq bv| (L) Zv‡K †h‡Z `vI| (M) Avgvi UvKvi Avek¨KZv †bB| (N) wewa jw․NZ n‡q‡Q| (O) †Zvgvi
mv‡_ †Mvcbxq K_v Av‡Q|
3| bevqb‡hvM¨ cvuPwU R¡vjvwb Dr‡mi bvg wjLyb|
DËit R¡vjvwb Dr‡mi bvg wb¤œiƒc-
(i) m~‡h©i Av‡jv (ii) ‡RvqvifvUv|
(iii) RjcÖevn (iv) ‰Rekw³ (ev‡qvM¨vm)
(v) evqy cÖevn
4| MÖvg Dbœq‡b we`y¨‡Zi cvuPwU f~wgKv †jL|
DËit MÖvg Dbœq‡b we`y¨‡Zi cvuPwU f~wgKv wb‡¤œ †Ìqv n‡jv-
(i) K…wl‡ÿ‡Î †mP cv¤ú, avb KvUvi †ÿ‡Î ê`y¨wZK hš¿ eënvi Kiv hvq|
(ii) MÖvgxY GjvKvq we`y¨‡Zi eënvi †ewk n‡j ‡QvU wkíKviLvbvi Dbœqb Kiv m¤¢e|
(iii) wPwKrmv‡ÿ‡Î ê`y¨wZK hš¿cvwZ eënvi K‡i MÖvgxY nvmcvZv‡ji Dbœqb Kiv m¤¢e|
(iv) wewfbœ ai‡bi B‡jKwUªK mvRmiÃvg eënvi Kiv hvq|
(v) G Qvov ZvuZ I KzwUiwk‡í wewfbœ ê`y¨wZK hš¿ eënvi K‡i MÖvgxY mgv‡Ri Dbœqb Kiv hvq|
5| α= 0.5 n‡j, β=?
α 0.5
Solution: β = 1-α = 1-0.5 = 1
6| Find the power through 7Ω.

Solution: RT = (6||6) + 7 = 10 Ω
20
IT = 10 = 2 Amp
P7 = IT2R = 22 × 7 = 28W (Ans.)
7| Find I = ?

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Solution: Capacitance Open

Inductance Short
10
So I = 5 = 2 Amp (Ans.)
8| cÖgvY Ki †h, sin 500 - sin700 + sin100 = 0
Solution: LHS = sin 500-sin 700 + sin 100
= - (sin 700-sin 500) + sin 100

 700  500   700  500 

= -2 cos   sin   + sin 100
 2   2 
= -2 cos 600 sin 100 + sin 100
1
= - 2. 2 . sin 100 + sin 100
= -sin 100 + sin 100
=0
= RHS (proved)
9| GKU ev‡mi ˆ`N©¨ 22 dzU Ges GKwU cy‡ji ˆ`N©¨ 22 MR| ev‡mi MwZ‡eM N›Uvq 30 gvBj n‡j, cyjwU AwZµg Ki‡Z evmwUi KZ mgq
jvM‡e?
mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb,
1 gvBj = 5280 dzU
 30 gvBj = (30 × 5280) dzU
= 158400 dzU
1 N›Uv = (60×60) †m‡KÛ
= 3600 ‡m‡KÛ
‡`Iqv Av‡Q,
ev‡mi ˆ`N©¨ = 22 dzU
Ges cy‡ji ˆ`N©¨ = 22 MR
= (3×22) dzU [ 1 MR = 3 dzU]
= 66 dzU
myZivs, evm I cy‡ji †gvU ˆ`N©¨ = (22 + 66) dzU
= 88 dzU
evmwUi 158400 dzU AwZµg Ki‡Z mgq jv‡M = 3600 ‡m‡KÛ
3600
 Ó 1 dzU Ó Ó Ó Ó =
158400
Ó
3600×88
 Ó 88 dzU Ó Ó Ó Ó = 158400 Ó
= 2 ‡m‡KÛ

myZivs, cyjwU AwZµg Ki‡Z evmwUi 2 ‡m‡KÛ mgq jvM‡e|

(DËi: 2 ‡m‡KÛ)
10| gywRe el© m¤ú‡K© cvuPwU evK¨ wjLyb|
DËit ÒgywRe el©Ó n‡jv RvwZi wcZv e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Rb¥kZevwl©Kx Drme| e½eÜz 1920 mv‡ji 17 gvP© Rb¥MªnY K‡ib| e½eÜzi
R‡b¥i kZ eQi Dcj‡ÿ¨ 2020 mv‡ji 17 gvP© †_‡K bvbv Kg©m~wPi ga¨ w`‡q RvuKRgKc~Y©fv‡e G Drme D`hvcb Kivi cwiKíbv wQj|
Z‡e D³ mg‡q K‡ivbvfvBivm cwiw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y me Av‡qvRb mxwgZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| G D`hvcb cieZ©x‡Z Pj‡Q 2022 mv‡ji 31 gvP©
ch©šÍ|

8 Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board, PGCB, BPDB, DPDC,

01. wb‡Ri m¤ú‡K© ejyb I wKQz ¸iæZ¡c~Y© fvBfvi cÖkœ|
02. gyw³hy‡×i m¤ú~Y© BwZnvm †_‡K †Lvjv fvBfv cÖkœ I †LZve mg~n|
03. gyw³hy× wfwËK Dcb¨vm, Mí, Kve¨, iPbv, bvU¨, wPwV, Pjw‧PÎ Mvb ev †jLv †jwL|
04. ¯^vaxbZvi Bk‡Znvi, evsjv‡`‡ki© msweavb I Zdwmjmg~n m¤úwK©Z m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvewj †_‡K fvBfv cÖkœ
05. RvwZi RbK e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb m¤úwK©Z mKj cÖkœ|
* mv¤úªwZK cÖkœ| * e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb m¤úwK©Z A to Z

07. mv¤úªwZK mvaviY Ávb|

* cÝv †mZz * †g‡Uªv‡ij * mv¤úªwZK †Ljvayjv *e½eÜz U¨v‡bj *

08. mv¤úªwZK we`y¨r, M¨vm, cvIqvi †m±i I LwbR m¤ú`|

* iƒccyi cvigvYweK we`y¨r †K›`ª
* gvZvievwo Zvc we`y¨r †K›`ªª
* †mŠi we`y¨r †K›`ª
* GK bR‡i we`y¨r Drcv`b, e¨envi, myweav Rb‡Mvôx GjvKv mg~n|
* GK bR‡i mv¤úªwZK M¨vm †ÿÎ I LwbR m¤ú`

* Rvbyqvwi (evsjvq)
* †deªæqvwi (evsjvq)

10. Avcbvi †Rjv cwiwPwZ, ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ¯’vcbv I cwiwPZ e¨w³eM© m¤ú‡K© aviYv
* Avcbvi †Rjv wK bv‡g cwiwPZ * Avcbvi †Rjvi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ¯’vcbv * cwiwPZ e¨w³eM©
11. ‡h cÖwZôvb mg~‡ni fvBfv AbywôZ n‡e †mB cÖwZôvb m¤ú‡K© Rvbv|
* cÖwZôv‡bi cÖavb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i †mB †cv‡÷i wel‡q aviYv ivL‡Z n‡e|
* †hB †cv‡÷ fvBfv w`‡eb †mB †cv÷ m¤ú‡K© Rvbyb|

12. COVID-19 & CORONA VACCINE

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‡hfv‡e wb‡eb fvBfv wcÖcv‡ikb

(MvBWjvBb)
1. ‡h cÖwZôv‡b fvBfv w`‡eb Zv‡`i I‡qemvBU wfwRU K‡i eZ©gvb GgwW I †Pqvig¨vb Gi bvg, cÖwZôvKvj, †Kvb Gwiqv G we`y¨r †`q (hw`
we`y¨r wefv‡Mi nq) ev Kvh©cwiwa, wgkb, wfkb G¸‡jv †`‡L wb‡Z n‡e|
2. ‡h †hB †m±‡i fvBfv w`‡eb †mB ‡m±‡ii gš¿, mwPe, GWfvBRvi Gi bvg Av‡es †Kvb wgkb-wfkb _vK‡j †m¸‡jvI †`‡L wb‡eb|
3. we`y¨r †m±i n‡j powercell Gi I‡qemvBU †_‡K GK bR‡i we`y¨r LvZ Gi mKj WvUv †`‡L wb‡Z n‡e| (we`y¨r †K›`ª, mÂvjb jvBb,
Dcv`b, MÖvnK BZ¨vw`|)
4. evsjv‡`k, e½eÜy, gyw³hy×, ‡kL nvwmbv I Avcbvi Gwiqvi †m±i KgvÛv‡ii bvg I Zv‡`i cyi®‹vi¸wj †`‡L wb‡Z n‡e|
5. Avcbvi bv‡gi A_©, H bv‡g weL¨vZ e¨w³, Avcbvi GjvKv †Kb weL¨vZ, GjvKvi weL¨vZ Lvevi, weL¨vZ e¨w³ G¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© ‡R‡b †h‡Z
n‡e|
5. wb‡Ri m¤ú‡K© ¸wQ‡q ejvi gZ wKQz K_v evsjv Bswj‡k cÖvKwUm Ki‡Z n‡e, †mLv‡b wb‡Ri GKUªv †Kvb `ÿZv _vK‡j D‡jøL Ki‡eb|
6. welq wfwËK mswÿß cÖkœ¸‡jv c‡o wb‡Z n‡e| (GB eB‡qi 8g Aav¨q `ªóe¨)|
7. fq cv‡eb bv, fq ‡c‡j Rvbv UwcKI fyj Ki‡eb, bv cvi‡j `ytwLZ ej‡eb, wb‡Ri gZvgZ fy‡jI cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z hv‡eb bv| Avkv Kwi
Dc‡iv³ welq¸‡jv †Lqvj Ki‡j fvBfv A‡bK fv‡jv n‡e|
g‡b ivL‡eb ‡ewk c‡o fz‡j hvevi †_‡K Kg c‡o g‡b ivLvi †Póv Kiv fvj eyw×| Avcwb GK w`‡b ev GK gv‡m mdj n‡eb bv, mgq jvM‡e|
G•vg w`‡q nZvk n‡eb, Gw`K Iw`K Nyi‡eb, gb hv Pvq ZvB Ki‡eb, Avevi c‡ii w`b eB wb‡q e‡m co‡eb| †`L‡eb GK mgq mdjZv
Avm‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q|

fvBev অভিজ্ঞতা
c‡ì bvgt Dc-mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx
fvBfv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qbt Engr. Nurul Islam
fvBfv †ev‡W© †gvU 3 Rb wQ‡jb| Pxd BwÃwbqvi m¨vi Avi `yÕRb cÖ‡R± wW‡i±i (wc.wW)|
Avwgt Avm‡Z cvwi m¨vi|
‡evW©t n¨vu Avmyb|
Avwgt Avmmvjvgy AvjvBKzg m¨vi|
‡evW©t IqvjvBKygym mvjvg| emyb|
Pxd BwÄwbqvit Avcbvi bvg wK?
Avwgt †gvt byiæj Bmjvg|
Pxd BwÃwbqvit Av‧Qv, †Zvgvi bv‡g bvg Av‡Q Ggb GKRb gš¿xi bvg ej|
Avwgt byiæj Bmjvg bvwn`|
Pxd BwÃwbqvit Dwb ‡Kvb gš¿x?
Avwgt wkÿv gš¿x|
Pxd BwÃwbqvit Dbvi evwo †Kv_vq?
Avwgt m¨vi, wm‡jU G|
Pxd BwÃwbqvit (‡n‡m w`j), †Zvgvi evwo wm‡jU bvwK?
Avwgt bv jÿxcyi †Rjvq|
Pxd BwÃwbqvit Av‧Qv, e…nËi †bvqvLvjx †Rjvq KqwU †Rjv wQj?
Avwgt 4wU|
wc.wW m¨vit m¨vi, Ibvi DËi f~j|
Avwgt bv m¨vi, Avgvi Uv B mwVK| Avwg †Zv IB AÂ‡ji evwm›`v|
Pxd BwÃwbqvit Av‧Qv wK wK †Riv wQj ej?
Avwgt †dwb, †bvqvLvwj, jÿxcyi I Pv`cyi|
Avgv‡ì eB †c‡Z Atikul's Power Sector Job Solution Gi †dmeyK †cB‡R †g‡mR Kiæb||Aa
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wc.wW m¨vit Pv`cyi †Zv wQj bv|

Pxd BwÃwbqvit bv bv| Ii Uv B mwVK| Pv`cyi wQj| (Avgvi DËi f~j wQj| hLb eySjvg Pxd BwÃwbqvi m¨vi Avgvi †dfv‡i Av‡Q ZLb Ggb
fve †`Lvjvg †hb Avgvi Uv B mwVK| Avi Pxd BwÃwbqvi I Ab¨‡ì ej‡jb Avgvi Uv mwVK| Z‡e wcGmwm ev Ab¨ †Kvb cixÿvq GgbwU Kiv
hv‡e bv|)
wc.wW m¨vit we`y¨r Drcv`b n‡Z MÖnY ch©šÍ we¯ÍvwiZ ejyb|
Avwgt ejjvg|
wc.wW m¨vit wi‡j wKfv‡e KvR K‡i?
Avwgt ejjvg|
wc.wW m¨vit f¨vKzqvg mvwK©U †eªKvi wKfv‡e KvR K‡i †gKvwbRg mn eywS‡q ejyb|
Avwgt G cÖ‡kœi DËiUv wc.wW m¨v‡ii g‡bi gZ w`‡Z cvwiwb| Dwbi Avgvi DË‡i mš`ó nb wb eyS‡Z cvijvg|
Pxd BwÃwbqvit Av‧Qv †Zvgv‡K hw` †Kvb RvqMvq ‡cvwós †`B PvKwi Ki‡e?
Avwgt Ki‡ev m¨vi|
Pxd BwÃwbqvit Zzwg GLb †Kv_vq _vK? wK Ki?
Avwgt m¨vi Avwg K·evRv‡i AvwQ| GKwU †emiKvwi cwj‡UKwb‡K wkÿKZv KiwQ|
Pxd BwÃwbqvit †n‡m w`j| Rvwb, †Zvgv‡ì AÂ‡ji gvbyl¸‡jv Lye mvnmx nq| ILv‡b KZ †eZb cvI?
Avwgt m¨vi, cÖvB‡fU cwj‡UKwbK †Zv ZvB 6,000 UvKv Gi
†ewk †`q bv|
Pxd BwÃwbqvit Av‧Qv Zzwg Gevi Avm|
Avwgt B›UviwfW †evW©‡K abëv` I mvjvg Rvwb‡q we`vq wbjvg|

B‡jKwUªK¨vj kU© †bvUt B‡jKwUªK¨vj kU© †bvU PGCB, BPDB, DPDC, DESCO, REB mn mKj miKvix I †emiKvix
R‡ei wjwLZ cixÿv I fvBfvi Rb¨ |

Avw_©s wK
AbvKvw․LZ we`y¨r †_‡K ê`y¨wZK hš¿cvwZ, miÃvg I gvbyl †K iÿv Kivi Rb¨ ê`y¨wZK hš¿cvwZi †gUvj ev ewniveiY †_‡K
Kv‡i›U‡K †Kvb cwievnx Øviv gvwU‡Z †cÖiY Kivi eë¯’v †K Avw_©s ejv nq|

Avgiv Avw_©s †K mPivPi MÖvDwÛs e‡j _vwK| †Kvb Kvi‡Y jvB‡b wj‡KR Kv‡i›U n‡j Avw_©s †mB wj‡KR Kv‡i›U †K †Kvb cÖKvi
wec` bv NwU‡q Zv‡ii gva¨‡g mn‡R mivmwi gvwU‡Z P‡j †h‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|

wbDUªvj wK Ges †Kb cÖ‡qvRb nq

wbDUªv‡ji g‡a¨ ïay Kv‡i›U _v‡K| Avi wbDUªvj hw` bv _v‡K Zvn‡j mvwK©U †K¬vR n‡e bv| Avi †K¬vR bv n‡j Kv‡i›U I cÖevwnZ
n‡e bv| Kv‡i›U wbDUªv‡ji ga¨ w`‡q cÖevwnZ nq Ges Zv wm‡÷g †K mPj iv‡L| wbDUªvj Kv‡i‡›Ui Rb¨ A‡cÿvK…Z †QvU c_ cÖ`vb
K‡i _v‡K|

‡Kvb cÖKvi ÎæwU n‡j ev wj‡KR Kv‡i›U‡K wbivc‡` †cÖiY Kivi Rb¨ hv‡Z hš¿cvwZi ÎæwUc~Y© mvwK©U †K wew‧Qbœ Ki‡Z cv‡i|
†fv‡ëR wm‡÷‡gi †h †Kvb Ask gvwUi Zzjbvq †hb wbw`©ó _v‡K Zvi e¨e¯’v Kiv| ÎæwU ev wm‡÷‡g mgm¨vi Kvi‡Y hš¿cvwZi
†fv‡ëR †hb gvwUi Zzjbvq wec`RbK ch©vq bv hvq Zv wbwðZ Kiv|

wbDUªvj jvB‡b kK K‡i bv †Kb?

Avgiv Rvwb †h ê`y¨wZK k‡Ki gvÎv wbf©i K‡i ê`y¨wZK Pvc Z_vt †fv‡ë‡Ri Dci| Zvn‡j †h‡nZz wbDUªvj jvB‡bi †fv‡ëR k~b¨
Ges wbDUªvj †K †ewkifvM †ÿ‡Î Av‡_©i mv‡Z MÖvDwÛs Kiv n‡q _v‡K, ZvB G‡Z †Kvb ê`y¨wZK Pvc bv _vKvq Avgv‡ì kK jv‡M
bv|

Z_¨ Avc‡WU †c‡Z ‡dmey‡K hy³ n‡Z wK¬K Kiæb https://www.facebook.com/1.bdjobsstudy.education

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Avgv‡`i GWz‡Kkb cøvUdg© www.bdjobsstudy.com G Z_¨ Avc‡WU †c‡Z I‡qemvB‡U hy³ †nvb|
Z_¨ Avc‡WU †c‡Z ‡dmey‡K hy³ n‡Z wK¬K Kiæb https://www.facebook.com/1.bdjobsstudy.education

¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq, wbDUªv‡j Kv‡i›U cÖevwnZ nq Ges Zv A‡cÿvK…Z †QvU c_ cÖ`vb K‡i †hLv‡b Avw_©s e¨enviKvwi‡K wbivcËv cÖ`vb
K‡i A_©vr wec`RbK cwiw¯’wZ‡Z kU© mvwK©‡Ui gva¨‡g `ªæZ we`y¨r gvwU‡Z †cÖiY K‡i _v‡K|

eZ©gv‡b AvšÍR©vwZK wbq‡g †dR ev jvBf Zvi †K ev`vwg is, wbDUªvj Zvi‡K nvjKv bxj is Ges Av_© Zvi‡K meyR ev njy` Gi
AšÍwiZ w÷ªc Kiv nq| Avgiv mnR fv‡e Rvwb jvj †dR, Kv‡jv wbDUªvj Ges Avw_©s nj meyR|

Avm‡j Avw_©s Kivi wbqg cÖ‡qvM †f‡` Avjv`v Avjv`v| Z‡e evmv-evwo‡Z Avw_©s Kiv nq gvwU‡Z iW XzwK‡q| †gBb wWw÷ªweDkb
c¨v‡b‡ji wbDUªv‡ji mv‡_ i‡Wi Dc‡ii cÖv‡šÍ Zvi fv‡jvfv‡e hy³ K‡i Avw_©K Kiv nq|
mvaviYZ evjy hy³ gvwU, ïK‡bv gvwU, cv_‡ii gvwU‡Z cvuP dz‡Ui †ewk MZ© Lyu‡o †mLv‡b cvwb Ges je‡bi wgkÖb ˆZwi K‡i w`‡Z
nq| Gici avZzi †cøU †i‡L Gi mv‡_ Avw_©s Gi Zvi hy³ K‡i evwn‡i G‡b †gBb wWw÷ªweDkb †ev‡W©i wbDUªv‡ji mv‡_ Kv‡b±
Ki‡Z nq| wPKb wR-AvB cvBc w`‡q Avw_©s Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
‡hme B‡jKwUªK hš¿cvwZ ewniveiY avZzi ˆZwi †mme hš¿cvwZ ewW Avw_© Ki‡Z nq| GQvov evmvevwo, †`vKvb, MÖvnK ch©v‡q †jv-
‡fv‡ëR (220/440 †fv‡ë) MÖvn‡Ki Rb¨ Av_© †iwR÷¨vÞ 5 In‡gi wb‡P n‡Z n‡e|

wZb wcb cøv‡M Av_© wcb †Kb eo Ges †gvUv n‡q _v‡K-
wZb wcb cøv‡M Av_© wcb eo Ges †gvUv n‡q _v‡K KviY Av_© wcbwU m‡K‡U jvMv‡bvi mgq mevi Av‡M †hb Kv‡b± n‡Z cv‡i Ges
ms‡hvM wew‧Qbœ ev †Lvjvi mgq mevi †k‡l †hb wWmKv‡b± n‡Z cv‡i|
Gi d‡j ˆe`y¨wZK hš¿‡Z †Kvb ÷vwUK PvR© Rgv _vK‡j Zv gvwU‡Z P‡j wM‡q hš¿‡K myiwÿZ iv‡L| Avi Av_© wcb †gvUv Kiv nq
hv‡Z GUv‡K fzj K‡i jvBb ev wbDUªv‡j wQ‡`ª cÖ‡ek bv Kiv hvq|

Avw_©s myBP wK
UªvÞwgkb ev mve‡÷kb jvBb iÿYv‡eÿ‡Yi mgq jvB‡b we`¨gvb PvwR©s Kv‡i›U‡K gvwU‡Z cvVv‡bvi Rb¨ †h myBP e¨envi Kiv nq
Zv‡K Avw_©s myBP e‡j| AvB‡mv‡jUi w`‡q mvwK©U wew‧Qbœ K‡i Av_© myBP Øviv jvBb‡K Av‡_©i mv‡_ ms‡hvM Kiv nq|

Transformer eªv÷ nq †Kb

myBPwMqvi wK
myBPwMqvi nj mswkøó hš¿cvwZ hv B‡jKwUªK¨vj mvwK©U I BKzBc‡g›U¸‡jv‡K myBwPs, K‡›Uªvwjs Ges cÖ‡UKwUf Gi Kv‡R eëüZ nq|
g~j Dcv`vb mvwK©U †eªKvi I wi‡j êwkó¨-ÎæwU kbv³KiY ÿgZv, ms‡e`bkxiZv, wek¦¯ÍZv, `ªæZMwZ‡Z KvR Kiv| 66 †Kwf ch©šÍ
Bb‡Wvi mve‡÷kb eëüZ nq| 66 †Kwfi †ewk AvDU‡Wvi mve‡÷kb eëüZ nq †Lvjv AvKv‡ki wb‡P|

wewfbœ cÖKvi dë
1| wm †gwUªK¨vj dë- hvi Kvi‡Y wZb †d‡Ri cÖwZwU‡Z mgcwigvY Kv‡i›U cÖevwnZ nq| D`vniYt wZbwU †dR GK‡Î kU© mvwK©U
Ges wZbwU †dR GK‡Î Av‡_©i mv‡_ kU© mvwK©U nIqv|
2| Avbwm‡gwUªK¨vj dë-
mgcwigvY Kv‡i›U cÖevwnZ nq bv| D`vniYt jvBb Uz jvBb dë, jvBb Uz MÖvDÛ dë|

‰e`y¨wZK cvIqvi wm‡÷‡g d‡ëi KviY

evmevi
evmevi GK ai‡bi Zvgv ev A¨vjywgwbqv‡gi cwievnx cvZ ev iW hv GK ev GKvwaK mvwK©U n‡Z ˆe`y¨wZK GbvwR© msMªn I weZiY
K‡i|

Kv‡i›U ¯^vfvweK c_ w`‡q cÖevwnZ nIqvi Av‡M ev c‡i GK ev GKvwaK †dR wbDUªvj GK‡Î ms‡hv‡Mi d‡j ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vi †P‡q
†ewk Kv‡i›U cÖvewnZ nq G Kv‡i›U‡K kU© mvwK©U Kv‡i›U e‡j|

wdDR
wdDR GKwU ¯^í ˆ`‡N©ï miæ avZe c`v_© ev cwievnx Zvi, hv mvwK©‡U wmwiR ms‡hvRb _v‡K| hLb mvwK©‡U wba©vwiZ gv‡bi †P‡q
†ewk Kv‡i›U cÖevwnZ nq ZLb G wdDR M‡j wM‡q mvwK©U‡K wew‧Qbœ K‡i wec`gy³ K‡i| Acv‡iwUs UvBg 0.002 †m‡KÛ|
1| nb© M¨vc wdDRt nvB-‡fv‡ë‡R A¨vwcø‡Kk‡b eënvi Kiv nq| 2| UvBg wW‡j wdDR-‡gvU‡i eënvi nq 3| HRC (High
Rupturing Capacity) Fuse- Distribution wm‡÷‡g, †hLv‡b †ewk cwigvY cvIqvi weZiY Kiv nq †mLv‡b eënvi Kiv
nq| 4| CTC (Carbon Tetrachloride) Fuse 5| nb© M¨vc wdDR G ai‡bi wdDR nvB †fv‡ëR wm‡÷‡g eënvi Kiv nq|

mvwK©U †eªKvi
mvwK©U †eªKvi GKwU myBwms wWfvBm, hv Øviv ê`y¨wZK mvwK©U‡K mvcøvB Gi mv‡_ mshy³ ms‡hvM I wew‧Qbœ Kiv hvq| mvwK©‡U ÎæwUc~Y©
†`Lv w`‡j AvcbvAvcwb Zv mvwK©U n‡Z wew‧Qbœ K‡i| cieZx©‡Z AvcbvAvcwb wKš` mvwK©U‡K ms‡hvM K‡i bv| Acv‡iwUs UvBg 0.1
†_‡K 0.2 †m‡KÛ|
1| ACB- (Air Circuit Breaker)- Industrial Switchgear G eëüZ nq| †Rbv‡iwUs †÷k‡b Aw•jvwi myBmwMqv‡i I
eëüZ nq| Gwm I wWwm mvwK©‡U 15 KV ch©šÍ eënvi Kiv nq|
2| VCB- (Vacuum Circuit Breaker)- GwU jvB‡b 36KV ch©šÍ eënvi Kiv nq, `xN©¯’vqx Av¸b jv‡M bv|
3| SF6- (Gas Sulphur-hexaflouride) Circuit Breaker- GwUi †fv‡ëR †iÃ- 50-80 KV Ges Kv‡i›U †iÃ 60 KA
ch©šÍ nq| †givgZ LiP Kg|
4| MCB- (Miniature Circuit Breaker) ‡h mvwK©U †eªKvi Aí Kv‡i‡›U KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges AvKv‡ii w`K w`‡qI †QvU
Zv‡K Miniature Circuti Breaker e‡j| wdD‡Ri cwie‡Z© evmM…‡n, ê`y¨wZK †gvU‡i, ê`y¨wZK A¨vcøv‡q‡Þ eëüZ nq|
5| MCCB (Moulded Case Circuit Breaker) Bb‡Wvi UvBc †jv Ges wgwWqvg †fv‡ëR myBmwMqvi, Industrial
Switchgear, UªvÞdg©v‡i, †Rbv‡iwUs †÷k‡b eëüZ nq|

A‡Uv wi‡K¬vRvi
jvB‡b ÎæwU †`Lv w`‡j wKQz mg‡qi e¨eav‡b jvBb‡K wew‧Qbœ K‡i Ges wZb evi cici eÜ nIqvi ci mvwK©U wVK bv n‡j ¯’vqxfv‡e
eÜ n‡q hvq| ZLb aviYv Kiv nq jvB‡b eo ai‡bi mgm¨v n‡q‡Q| GwU mvaviYZ MÖvgxb mieiv‡n ev LT jvB‡b e¨eüZ nq|
AvB‡mv‡jUit AvB‡mv‡jUi n‡‧Q Ggb GKwU myBP hv‡K hvwš¿K webv †jv‡W Ab ev Ad Kiv hvq|

AvB‡mv‡j‡Ui †bv †jvW Ae¯’vq Acv‡ikb Kiv nq †Kb

KviY †jvW Ae¯’vq Acv‡ikb Ki‡j cÖPzi Av‡K©i m…wó n‡q †cv‡ji Bbmy‡jUi I AvB‡mv‡jU‡ii K›U¨v›U ÿwZMÖ¯’ n‡e| ZvQvov
AvB‡mv‡jU‡i AvK© wbev©c‡Yi e¨e¯’v †bB|

wi‡j
wi‡j Ggb GKwU ¯^qswµq wWfvBm, hv ˆe`y¨wZK eZ©bx‡Z c~e©wba©vwiZ †Kvb ˆe`y¨wZK k‡Z©i cwieZ©‡b mvov †`q Ges cÖwZiÿvi Rb¨
eZ©bx‡Z mshy³ Ab¨vb¨ iÿvc` wWfvBm¸‡jv‡K KvR Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡j| Acv‡iwUs UvBg 1 †_‡K `yB mvB‡Kj ev 0.002 †m‡KÛ
n‡Z 0.004 †m‡KÛ|

Z_¨ Avc‡WU †c‡Z ‡dmey‡K hy³ n‡Z wK¬K Kiæb https://www.facebook.com/1.bdjobsstudy.education

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Avgv‡`i GWz‡Kkb cøvUdg© www.bdjobsstudy.com G Z_¨ Avc‡WU †c‡Z I‡qemvB‡U hy³ †nvb|
Z_¨ Avc‡WU †c‡Z ‡dmey‡K hy³ n‡Z wK¬K Kiæb https://www.facebook.com/1.bdjobsstudy.education

1| eyLjR wi‡j- UªvÞdg©v‡ii wewfbœ cÖKvi d‡ëi mZK©xKiY I cÖ‡UKR‡bi Rb¨ eyLjR wi‡j eëüZ nq| UªvÞdg©vi U¨vsK †_‡K
KbRvi‡fU‡i ms‡hvMKvix cvB‡ci g‡a¨ eënvi Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
2| wWdv‡iwÝqvj wi‡j- wWdv‡iwÞqvj wi‡j g~jZ GK ai‡bi wWfvBm, hv `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK B‡jKwUªK¨vj †KvqvbwUwUi Dci †f±i
cv_©K¨, hLb GKwU gvb wba©vwiZ gv‡bi ‡P‡q †ewk nq, ZLb wi‡j KvR K‡i cÖ‡UKwUf wWfvB‡mi gva¨‡g mvwK©U‡K iÿv K‡i|
eënvi- †Rbv‡iUi, UªvÞdg©vi cÖ‡UKk‡b, UªvÞwgkb jvBb cÖ‡UKkb, wdWvi cÖ‡UKkb, e…nr †gvUi cÖ‡UKkb, evm-‡Rvb cÖ‡UKkb|

wi‡j‡K bxie cÖnix ejv nq †Kb

wi‡j Ae¯’vb K‡i mvwK©U †eªKvi I Kv‡i›U UªvÞdg©v‡ii ga¨¯’‡j| wi‡j‡K wm‡÷‡gi cÖwZwU ÎæwUi w`‡K me©`v mRvM _vK‡Z nq
weavq G‡K AZ›`ª cÖnix ev bxie cÖnix ejv n‡q _v‡K|

wdWvi ev wdWvi jvBb

wdWvi nj D‧P †fv‡ëR Dc‡K›`ª n‡Z wb¤œPv‡ci we`y¨r †K‡›`i g‡a¨ mshy³ ˆe`y¨wZK jvBb|

myBwPs B‡d±
myBwPs Acv‡ik‡bi mgq cvIqvi wm‡÷‡g Ifvi‡fv‡ëR Drcbœ nIqvi cÖwµqv‡K myBwPs B‡d± e‡j|

jvBUwbs A¨v‡i÷vi ev mvR© WvBeviUvi- GwU GKai‡bi cÖ‡UKwUf wWfvBm hv cvIqvi wm‡÷‡g nvB †fv‡ëR mvR© (A¯^vfvweK
†fv‡ëR) †K mivmwi gvwU‡Z †cÖiY K‡i|

mve‡÷kb
wewfbœ ê`y¨wZK hš¿cvwZ I miÃvgvwì mgv‡ek NwU‡q GK ev GKvwaK wdWv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ Drcv`b †K›`ª †_‡K we`y¨r kw³ MÖnY K‡i
UªvÞdg©v‡ii mvnv‡h¨ wewfbœ gv‡bi mieivn †fv‡ë‡R iƒcvšÍi K‡i MÖvn‡Ki Pvwn`v Abyhvqx mieivn †Ìqv nj mve-‡÷k‡bi KvR|
GQvov mve‡÷k‡b Gwm †_‡K wWwm, wd«Kz‡qwÞ cwieZ©b Kiv nq| mve‡÷k‡bi cÖavb Dcv`vb nj- UªvÞdg©vi I mvwK©U †eªKvi|

cvIqvi wm‡÷‡g wmwU I wcwU e¨envi Kiv nq †Kb

cvIqvi wm‡÷‡g †fv‡ëR Ges Kv‡i›U †ewk n‡j, wgUvwis c¨v‡b‡j I wi‡ji mieivn †`Iqvi Rb¨ wcwU I wmwUi mvnv‡h¨ †fv‡ëR
Ges Kv‡i›U Kgv‡bv nq|

UªvÝdg©vi wK--
UªvÞdg©vi Ggb GKwU ˆe`y¨wZK w¯’i wWfvBm hvi mvnv‡h¨ cvIqvi I wd«Kz‡qwÞ cwieZ©b bv K‡i †Kv‡bv cÖKvi ˆe`y¨wZK ms‡hvM Qvov
ïaygvÎ Pz¤^Kxqfv‡e mshy³ `ywU K‡q‡j cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx †fv‡ëR Kwg‡q ev evwo‡q GK mvwK©U n‡Z Ab¨ mvwK©‡U cvIqvi ¯’vbvšÍwiZ
Kiv hvq|

eyLjR wi‡ji KvR

1| Kv‡i›U Kv‡K e‡j

cwievnx c`v‡_©i ga¨Kvi gy³ B‡jKUªb mg~n GKwU wbw`©ó w`‡K cÖevwnZ nIqvi nvi‡KB Kv‡i›U e‡j| Bnv‡K I ev i Øviv cÖKvk
Kiv nq, GKK A¨vw¤úqvi (A ev Amp.) A_ev Kzj¤^/‡m‡KÛ|
3| †iwRó¨vÝ Kv‡K e‡j?
cwievnx c`v‡_©i ga¨ w`‡q Kv‡i›U cÖevwnZ nIqvi mgq cwievnx c`v‡_©i †h ˆewkó¨ ev a‡g©i Kvi‡Y Dnv evavMÖ¯Í nq D³ ˆewkó¨ ev
ag©‡KB †iva ev †iwRó¨vÞ e‡j| Gi cÖZxK R A_ev r Ges Gi GKK Ing (Ω)|
4| UªvÝdigvi
UªvÞdigvi GKwU B‡jw±ªK¨vj †gwkb hv (Alternating current) GK †fv‡ëR †_‡K Ab¨ †fv‡ë‡R iƒcvšÍwiZ K‡i| UªvÞdigvi
†÷c Avc A_ev †÷c WvDb `yB ai‡bi n‡q _v‡K Ges GwU g¨vM‡bwUK BÛvKkb (Magnetic Induction) bxwZ Abymv‡i KvR
K‡i| UªvÞdigv‡i †Kvb Pjgvb/N~Y©vqgvb Ask _v‡K bv, GwU m¤ú~Y© w¯’i wWfvBm| UªvÞdigv‡i `ywU DBwÛs _v‡K, cÖvBgvwi Ges
†m‡KÛvwi DBwÛs| cÖvBgvwi IqvBwÛ‡q †fv‡ëR cÖ`vb Ki‡j g¨vM‡bwUK wdì ˆZwi nq Ges g¨vM‡bwUK d¬v• Avqib †Kv‡ii ga¨
w`‡q †m‡KÛvwi IqvBwÛ‡q hvq Ges †mLv‡b g¨vM‡bwUK wdì ˆZwi nq| hvi djkÖæwZ‡Z †m‡KÛwi K‡q‡j †fv‡ëR cvIqv hvq|
UªvÞdigv‡ii †fv‡ëR cwieZ©‡bi nvi cÖvBgvwi Ges †m‡KÛvwi K‡q‡ji c¨vuP msL¨vi nv‡ii Dci wbf©i K‡i| g~j welq Uªv Ýdigvi
ïay †fv‡ë‡Ri cwieZ©b NUvq wKš` cvIqvi I wd«Kz‡qwÞ AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K| cvIqvi wVK _v‡K ZvB †fv‡ëR cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨
Kv‡i‡›UiI cwieZ©b nq|
5| UªvÝdi‡gkb †iwkI
DËit UªvÞdigv‡ii Dfq w`‡Ki BwÛDmW †fv‡ëR Ges Kv‡i›U I K‡q‡ji c¨v‡Pi msL¨vi mv‡_ GKwU wbw`©ó AbycvZ †g‡b P‡j,
BnvB UªvÞdi‡gkb †iwkI ev Uvb© †iwkI| Bnv‡K mvaviYZ a Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq,
A_©vr a = Ep/Es = Np/Ns = Is/Ip

6| BÝUªy‡g›U UªvÝdigvi
CT (Current Transformer) GwU mvaviYZ Kg †i‡Ãi wgUvi w`‡q mvwK©‡Ui †ewk cwigvY Kv‡i›U cwigvc Kivi Rb¨ eënvi
Kiv nq| PT (Potential Transformer) GwU mvaviYZ Kg †i‡Ãi wgUvi w`‡q mvwK©‡Ui †ewk cwigvb †fv‡ëR cwigvc Kivi
Rb¨ eënvi Kiv nq| CT I PT Gfv‡e eënvi Kiv n‡j G¸‡jv‡K BÞUªy‡g›U UªvÞdigvi e‡j&
7| mvwK©U †eªKvi
mvwK©U †eªKvi n‡jv GKwU ê`y¨wZK myBwPs wWfvBm hv Øviv B‡jKwUªK¨vj mvwK©U‡K mvcøvB n‡Z mshy³ I wew‧Qbœ Kiv nq| Z‡e
B‡jKwUªK¨vj mvwK©‡U wbqš¿Y I iÿY hš¿ wnmv‡e KvR K‡i| Ifvi †jvW ev kU© mvwK©U †`Lv w`‡j ¯^qswµqfv‡e H B‡jKwUªK¨vj
mvwK©U‡K mieivn †_‡K wew‧Qbœ K‡i †`q| Z‡e mvwK©U †eªKvi ¯^qswµqfv‡e mvwK©‡U ms‡hvM K‡i bv|
8| AvB‡mv‡jUi
‰e`y¨wZK mve‡÷k‡bi wewfbœ hš¿cvwZ we‡kl K‡i UªvÞdigvi‡K †bv-‡jvW Ae¯’vq ev mvgvb¨ †jvW Ae¯’vq jvBb n‡Z wew‧Qbœ Kivi
Rb¨ AvB‡mv‡jUi eënvi Kiv nq| A_©vr AvB‡mv‡jUi GK ai‡bi myBm, hv AdjvB‡b Acv‡iwUs Kiv nq|
9| mve-‡÷kb Kv‡K e‡j?
cvIqvi wm‡÷g eë¯’vq mve-‡÷kb Ggb GK †K›`ª †hLv‡b Ggb me miÃvgvwì eë¯’vcbvi gva¨‡g wewfbœ cÖKvi ê`y¨wZK êwkó¨
†hgb- †fv‡ëR, Gwm/wWwm Kbfvm©b, wd«Kz‡qwÞ, cvIqvi d¨v±i BZ¨vwì cwieZ©‡b mvnvh¨ K‡i, G ai‡bi †K›`ª‡K mve-‡÷kb ev
we`y¨r Dc‡K›`ª e‡j|

10| (PLC= cvIqvi jvBb K¨vwiqvi)

‡h jvB‡bi gva¨‡g †÷kb, mve-‡÷kb wiwmwfs †÷k‡b wbR¯^ Riæix †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’vcbv †Uwj‡dv‡bi gva¨‡g m¤úbœ Kiv nq Zv‡K
cvIqvi jvBb K¨vwiqvi (PLC) e‡j|
11| Q- d¨v±i

Z_¨ Avc‡WU †c‡Z ‡dmey‡K hy³ n‡Z wK¬K Kiæb https://www.facebook.com/1.bdjobsstudy.education

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Avgv‡`i GWz‡Kkb cøvUdg© www.bdjobsstudy.com G Z_¨ Avc‡WU †c‡Z I‡qemvB‡U hy³ †nvb|
Z_¨ Avc‡WU †c‡Z ‡dmey‡K hy³ n‡Z wK¬K Kiæb https://www.facebook.com/1.bdjobsstudy.education

AC mvwK©‡U wmwiR †i‡Rvb¨v‡Þi mgq mvwK©‡Ui L A_ev C Gi AvovAvwo‡Z †fv‡ëR cÖ‡qvMK…Z †fv‡ë‡Ri Zzjbvq eû¸‡Y e…w×
cvq| †i‡Rvb¨v‡Þi Kvi‡b m…ó GB †fv‡ëR †e‡o hvIqv‡K wmwiR †i‡Rv‡b›U mvwK©‡Ui Q-d¨v±i (Quality Factor) e‡j|
1 L
Q- d¨v±i = R
C
12| cvIqvi d¨v±i
cvIqvi d¨v±it cvIqvi d¨v±i nj GKwUf cvIqvi A_©vr †h cvIqvi Avgiv eëüZ Ki‡Z cvwi Ges G¨cv‡i›U cvIqv‡ii AbycvZ|
Bnv‡K cosθ Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq, hvi gvb 0 n‡Z 1 ch©šÍ|
13| †jvW d¨v±i
Mo †jvW Ges m‡ev©‧P Pvwn`vi AbycvZ‡K †jvW d¨v±i e‡j| Load Factor = Average load/Maximum. Demand or
Peak load. Gi gvb 1 Gi wb‡P nq|
14| cøv›U d¨v±i
‡Kvb cvIqvi cø¨v‡›Ui Mo †jvW Ges wba©vwiZ †i‡UW K¨vcvwmwUi AbycvZ‡K cø¨v›U d¨v±i e‡j|
Plant Factor = Average load/ Rated capacity of the plant.
15| wWgvÛ d¨v±i
cøv‡›Ui m‡ev©‧P Pvwn`v Ges mshy³ †jv‡Wi AbycvZ‡K wWgvÛ d¨v±i e‡j| Demand Factor = Max. Demand/connected
Load.
16| dig d¨v±i
dig d¨v±i (Form Factor)t ‡Kvb mvBb I‡q‡fi Kvh©Kix gvb (RMS value) Ges Mo gvb (Average Value) Gi
AbycvZ‡K dig d¨v±i (Form Factor) e‡j| G‡K kf Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq hvi gvb 1.11|
17| wcK d¨v±i
wcK d¨v±i (Peak Factor)t ‡Kvb mvBb I‡q‡fi m‡ev©‧P gvb (max. value) Ges Kvh©Kix gvb (RMS value) Gi
AbycvZ‡K wcK d¨v±i (Form Factor) e‡j| G‡K Ka Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq hvi gvb 1.41
18| w¯‹b B‡d±
AC we`y¨r cÖevn †Kvb cwievwni ga¨ w`‡q cÖevwnZ nIqvi mgq †m cwievwni wfZ‡i cÖ‡ek bv K‡i Dnvi mvi‡dm w`‡q cÖevwnZ
n‡Z †P÷v K‡i, GUv‡K w¯‹b B‡d± e‡j| GB w¯‹b B‡d± Gi d‡j jvB‡bi †iwR÷¨vÞ e…w× cvq hvi d‡j jvBb jmI †e‡o hvq|
19| K‡ivbv B‡d±
hLb `yBwU KÛv±i Gi †¯úwms e¨v‡mi Zzjbvq †ewk Ae¯’vq †i‡L Zv‡ì AvovAvwo‡Z AC ‡fv‡ëR cÖ‡qvM K‡i wa‡i wa‡i evov‡bv
nq ZLb GKwU ch©vq Av‡m| GB we‡kl ch©vq KÛv±‡ii Pvicv‡k evZvm B‡j±ª÷¨vwUK †÷ªm n‡q AvqwbZ nq Ges evZv‡mi
BÞy‡jkb †÷ªs_ †f‡½ hvq| GB Ae¯’vq KÛv±‡ii Pvicv‡k wRg wRg kãmn nvjKv Aby¾¡j †e¸bx iwk¥ †`Lv hvq Ges IRb M¨v‡mi
m…wó nq, GB Ae¯’vwU‡K K‡ivbv bv‡g cwiwPZ|
20| cÖw•wgwU B‡d±
mgvšÍivj `yBwU cwievwni Kv‡i›U hw` ci¯úi wecixZgyLx nq, Zvn‡j Dfq cwievnxi wbKUeZx© As‡k Kv‡i›U †WbwmwU †e‡o hvq|
Avevi GKgyLx Kv‡i›U n‡j `~ieZx© As‡k Kv‡i›U †WbwmwU †e‡o hvq| G NUbv‡K cÖw•wgwU B‡d± e‡j| Bnvi cÖfv‡e Amg Kv‡i›U
cÖevwnZ nq, jvB‡bi †iwR÷¨vÞ e…w× cvq Ges †mjd wiqv±¨vm Gi gvb K‡g hvq|
21| d¨vivw›U B‡d±
wgwWqvg ev js UªvÞwgkb jvB‡b I‡cb mvwK©U ev †jvW ïb¨ Ae¯’vq wKsev Aí †jv‡W Pjvi mgq †cÖib cÖvšÍ A‡cÿv MÖnY cÖv‡šÍi
†fv‡ë‡Ri gvb †ewk n‡Z †`Lv †`q| GB NUbv ev phenomenon ‡K †divw›U B‡d± e‡j|
22| A‡Uv UªvÝdigvi
A‡Uv UªvÞdigvi Ggb GK e¨wZµwg UªvÞdigvi hvi g‡a¨ †Kej GKwU IqvBwÛs _v‡K| Bnvi wKQz Ask cÖvBgvwi Avi wKQz Ask
†m‡KÛvwi, Dfq K‡qj B‡jKwUªK¨vj I g¨vM‡bwUK¨vwj mshy³ _v‡K| ZviciI G‡K UªvÞdigvi ejv nq, KviY Bnvi Kvh© cÖYvjx `yB
IqvBwÛs UªvÝdigvi Gi gZB|
23| †¯úwmwdK †iwR÷¨vÝ ev †iwRw÷wfwU
wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎvq GKK ˆ`N©¨ I GKK cÖ¯’‡‧Q‡ì †ÿÎdj wewkó †Kvb GKwU cwievnx c`v‡_©i A_ev GKK evû wewkó †Kvb GKwU
NbK AvK…wZi cwievnx c`v‡_©i `ywU wecixZ Z‡ji gaëZx© †iva ev †iwRó¨vÞ‡K D³ cwievnxi †iwRw÷wfwU ev Av‡cwÿK †iva
e‡j|

24| R.M.S gvb

GKwU mvwK©‡U GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡q †Kvb wbw`©ó cwigvb wWwm (D/C) cÖevwnZ n‡j †h cwigvY Zvc Drcbœ, †mB cwigvb Zvc Drcbœ
Ki‡Z H mvwK©‡U D³ wbw`©ó mg‡q †h cwigvb Gwm cÖevwnZ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb Zv‡K H Gwm (A/C) Kv‡i‡›Ui RMS gvb e‡j| RMS
Valu = 0.707 × Max. Value
25| †i‡Rvb¨v›U wd«Kz‡qwÞ
GKwU AC mvwK©‡U BbWvKU¨vÞ I K¨vcvwmU¨vÞ Gi gvb hvB †nvK bv †Kb †h wd«Kz‡qwÞ‡Z H mvwK©‡Ui BÛvKwUf wi‡qKU¨vÞ (XL)
Ges K¨vcvwmwUf wi‡qKU¨vÞ (XC) mgvb nq, †mB wd«Kz‡qwÞ‡K †i‡Rvb¨v›U wdKz‡qwÞ e‡j| G‡K fr Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq ff =
1
2 LC

26| ix‡j
ix‡j Ggb GKwU ¯^qsµxq wWfvBm, hv ê`y¨wZK mvwK©U G †Kvb dë msNwUZ n‡j, mvwK©U Gi cÖ‡UKwUf wWfvBm ¸‡jv †K ¯^qsµxq
fv‡e Acv‡iU K‡i Ges dëhy³ Ask †K dëwenxb Ask n‡Z Avjv`v K‡i ÿwZi nvZ †_‡K iÿv K‡i|
27| 10wU wi‡ji bvg
1| cÖvBgvwi wi‡j 2| †m‡KÛvwi wi‡j 3| wW‡iKkbvj wi‡j 4| wWdv‡iwÞqvj wi‡j 5| _vg©vj wi‡j| 6| B‡j± _vg©vj wi‡j 7|
wifvm© cvIqvi wi‡j 8| mwjb‡qW GÛ cøvÃvi wi‡j 9| wWmU¨vÞ wi‡j 10| Ifvi †fv‡ëR I Ifvi Kv‡i›U wi‡j|
28| wifvm© cvIqvi ix‡j
c¨viv‡jj Acv‡ik‡b †Kvb Aëvi‡bU‡ii BbcyU †Kvb Kvi‡b eÜ n‡j ev Ab¨ †Kvb ÎæwU‡Z H AjUvi‡bUi hw` evmevi n‡Z
cvIqvi †bq A_©vr Dëvw`‡K n‡Z cvIqvi wb‡q Aëvi‡bUiwU †gvUi wnmv‡e KvR K‡i ZLb †h wi‡ji gva¨‡g cÖ‡UKkb †`qv nq
Zvi bvg wifvm© cvIqvi ix‡j| G iKg Ae¯’vq wifvm© cvIqvi ix‡j GbviRvBRW nq Ges H Aëvi‡bU‡ii mvwK©U †eªKvi wUªc K‡i
wm‡÷g‡K iÿv K‡i|
29| _vg©vj ix‡j
‡h ix‡j Kv‡i›U e…w×i d‡j ZvcgvÎv e…w×‡Z mvov †`q, Zv‡K _vg©vj ix‡j e‡j| GUv mvaviYZ †gvUi K‡›Uªvj mvwK©U, e¨vjvÞ Ges
Avb-e¨vjvÝ w_ª-‡dR mvwK©‡U eënvi Kiv nq|
30| wWdv‡ibwkqvj ix‡j
wWdv‡ibwkqvj ix‡j Ggb GK ai‡bi wWfvBm, hv `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK B‡jKwUªK¨vj gvb ev w`‡Ki †f±i cv_©K¨, hLb GKwU Av‡M
†_‡KB wba©vwiZ gv‡bi †P‡q †ewk ev Kg nq ZLb GB ix‡j KvR K‡i wm‡÷g‡K ev B‡jKwUªK¨vj hš¿‡K iÿv K‡i|
31| HRC wdDR
HRC = High Rupturing Capacity| D‧P Kv‡i›U cÖevwnZ nq GiKg jvB‡b †h wdDR eënvi nq †m¸‡jv HRC wdDR|
G‡Z wPbv gvwUi ‰Zwi †Kwms Gi g‡a¨ wdDR Zvi mshy³ _v‡K| wdDR Zv‡ii Pviw`‡K evjy ev PK cvDWvi Ges †Kwms Gi `y -
gv_vq `ywU wcZ‡ji XvKbv _v‡K| wdDR Zvi Dfq XvKbvi mv‡_ mshy³ _v‡K|
32| eyLjR ix‡j
UªvÞdigv‡ii wewfbœ ÎæwUi cÖ‡UKkb I mZKx©KiY eë¯’vi Rb¨ UªvÞdigvi U¨vsK I KbRvi‡fUi Gi gv‡S cvB‡c †h ix‡j emv‡ev
_v‡K †mUvB eyLjR ix‡j| ÎæwURwbZ AwZwi³ Kv‡i›U n‡Z m…ó DËv‡c UªvÞdigvi U¨vs‡K †h M¨v‡mi m…wó nq, Zvi Pv‡cB GB ix‡j
KvR K‡i _v‡K| A_©vr ïaygvÎ A‡qj Kzwjs UªvÞdigv‡i GB ix‡j eëüZ nq|
33| Avw_©s myBm wK?
UªvÞwgkb jvBb iÿYv‡eÿ‡Yi mgq jvB‡b we`¨gvb PvwR©s Kv‡i›U‡K gvwU‡Z cvVv‡bvi Rb¨ †h myBm eëüZ nq †mwU Avw_©s myBm
(ES) bv‡g cwiwPZ| Av‡M AvB‡mv‡jUi w`‡q mvwK©U wWmKv‡b± K‡i Av_© myBm Øviv jvBb‡K A‡_©i mv‡Z ms‡hvM Kiv nq|
34| I‡qf Uªvc Kx?
mve-‡÷k‡b eëüZ K¨vwiqvi miÃvgvwì g‡a¨ I‡qf Uªvc Ab¨Zg GKwU wWfvBm, hvi gva¨‡g UªvÞwgkb jvB‡bi I‡qf‡K wdëvi
Kiv nq| cvIqvi jvB‡bi gva¨‡gB Kgywb‡Kkb wd«Kz‡qwÞI cvVv‡bv nq, cieZx©‡Z GB I‡qf Uªvc w`‡q Kgywb‡Kkb wd«Kz‡qwÞ‡K
Avjv`v K‡i kã kw³‡Z iƒcvšÍi K‡i †Uwj‡dvb ev †hvMv‡hvM eë¯’v m¤úbœ Kiv nq|
35| mvR© †fv‡ëR wK?
cvIqvi wm‡÷‡g nVvr K‡i Lye Aí mg‡qi Rb¨ A¯^vfvweK †fv‡ëR e…w×‡K mvR© †fv‡ëR e‡j| G‡K UªvbwR‡q›U †fv‡ëRI e‡j|
36| Kv‡i›U wjwgwUs wiqv±i
Kv‡i›U wjwgwUs wiqv±i ev we`y¨r mxwgZ Kib wiqv±i h‡_ó BÛvw±f wiqv±¨vÞ wewkó GK ai‡bi BÛvKwUf K‡qj| kU© mvwK©U
Ae¯’vq Kv‡i‡›Ui cwigvY‡K mxwgZ †i‡L dë Kv‡i‡›Ui wec`gvÎv wbivc` mxgvq wb‡q Avmvi Rb¨ GB wiqv±i jvB‡bi mv‡_
wmwi‡R ms‡hvM Kiv nq|

Z_¨ Avc‡WU †c‡Z ‡dmey‡K hy³ n‡Z wK¬K Kiæb https://www.facebook.com/1.bdjobsstudy.education

41
Avgv‡`i GWz‡Kkb cøvUdg© www.bdjobsstudy.com G Z_¨ Avc‡WU †c‡Z I‡qemvB‡U hy³ †nvb|
Z_¨ Avc‡WU †c‡Z ‡dmey‡K hy³ n‡Z wK¬K Kiæb https://www.facebook.com/1.bdjobsstudy.education

37| †jvW †kwWs

hLb Pvwn`vi Zyjbvq Drcvw`Z we`y¨r Gi cwigvb Kg nq, ZLb †Kvb †Kvb GjvKvq we`y¨r mieivn eÜ †i‡L Ab¨vb¨ GjvKvq we`y¨r
mieivn Pvjy ivLv nq, hv‡Z Ifvi †jv‡W cy‡iv wm‡÷g eÜ n‡q bv hvq| G eë¯’v‡K †jvW †kwWs e‡j| GwU GKwU cwiKwíZ
wm‡÷g|
38| †jvW †kqvwis
GKwU we`y¨r Drcv`b †K‡›`ªi Dci Awc©Z mKj †jvW wewfbœ cøv‡›Ui mKj †Rbv‡iU‡ii g‡a¨ hyw³hy³ fv‡e e›Ub Kiv‡K †jvW
†kqvwis e‡j|
39| ‘j’ operator Kv‡K e‡j?
GKwU ‘j’ operator hvi gvb √-1 ‡Kvb †f±‡ii mwnZ gvwëcøvBs d¨v±i wnmv‡e eëüZ n‡q D³ †f±i Gi 900 evgve‡Z© N~Y©b
wb‡`©k UvKv ‘j’ operator e‡j|
40| In‡gi m~Î
In‡gi m~Ît w¯’i ZvcgvÎvq †Kvb cwievnxi ga¨ w`‡q cÖevwnZ Kv‡i›U nq, Zv H cwievnxi `yB cÖv‡šÍi wefe cv_©‡Kï mwnZ mivmwi
mgvbycvwZK Ges †iwR‡÷‡Þi mwnZ DëvbycvwZK| A_©v I αV or I α1/V or 1 = V/R.
41| Kvik‡di m~Î
Kvik‡di Kv‡i›U m~Î (KCL) ‡Kvb ê`y¨wZK †bUIqv‡K©i GK we›`y‡Z wgwjZ Kv‡i›U mg~‡ni exRMvwYwZK †hvMdj ïb¨ A_ev
†Kvb we›`y‡Z AvMZ Kv‡i›U = wbM©Z Kv‡i›U|
Kvik‡di †fv‡ëR m~Î (KVL) ‡Kvb eÜ ê`y¨wZK †bUIqv‡K©i mKj B.Gg.Gd Ges mKj †fv‡ëR Wª‡ci exRMvwYwZK †hvMdj
ïb¨|
42| d¨viv‡Wi m~Î ev Av‡ewkZ m~Î
cÖ_g m~Ît GKwU Zvi ev K‡q‡j B.Gg.Gd Avweó nq ZLb, hLb D³ Zvi ev K‡q‡ji mv‡_ mswkøó †PŠ¤^K d¬v• ev †PŠ¤^K ej †iLvi
cwieZ©b N‡U|
wØZxq m~Ît Av‡ewkZ we`y¨‧PvjK ej Gi cwigvb †PŠ¤^K ej †iLvi cwieZ©‡bi nv‡ii mv‡_ mivmwi mgvbycvwZK|
Dc‡iv³ m~Î `ywU GK‡Î Gfv‡e †jLv hvqt GKU cwievnx Ges GKwU †PŠ¤^K †ÿ‡Î Av‡cwÿK MwZ hLb Giƒcfv‡e we`¨gvb _v‡K †h,
cwievnxwU †PŠ¤^K †ÿÎwU‡K KZ©b K‡i, ZLb cwievwn‡Z Av‡ewkZ GKwU we`y¨‧PvjK ej msNwUZ KZ©‡bi nv‡ii mv‡_
mgvbycvwZK|
43| †jb‡Ri m~Î wjL|
Av‡ewkZ we`y¨‧PvjK e‡ji Kvi‡b cwievnx Zv‡i cÖevwnZ Av‡ewkZ Kv‡i›U cwievnx Zv‡ii Pvicv‡k GKwU †PŠ¤^K †ÿÎ m…wó K‡i, hv
`viv Av‡ewkZ Kv‡i‡›Ui DrcwË, Dnv‡KB (A_©vr cwieZ©bkxj d¬v•) G (m…ó †PŠ¤^K †ÿÎ) evav cÖ`vb K‡i| †hLv‡b cwievnx w¯’i
Ges †PŠ¤^K †ÿÎ MwZ‡Z _v‡K †mLv‡b †jb‡Ri m~Î eënvi nq|
44| †d¬wgs Gi ivBU n¨vÛ iƒj wK?
`wÿY n‡¯Íi e…×v½ywj, ZR©bx I ga¨gv‡K ci¯úi mg‡Kv‡Y †i‡L we¯Í…Z Ki‡j hw` ZR©bx †PŠ¤^K ej‡iLvi AwfgyL Ges e…×v½ywj
cwievnx Zv‡ii N~Y©‡bi AwfgyL wb‡`©k K‡i, Z‡e ga¨gv cwievwn‡Z cÖevwnZ Av‡ewkZ Kv‡i‡›Ui AwfgyL wb‡`©k Ki‡e| BnvB †d¬wgs
Gi ivBU n¨vÛ iæj| †hLv‡b †PŠ¤^K †ÿÎ w¯’i Ges cwievnx MwZ‡Z _v‡K, †mLv‡b †d¬wgs Gi ivBU n¨vÛ iæj eënvi Kiv nq|
45| wgDPzqvj d¬v• Kv‡K e‡j?
cvkvcvwk Aew¯’Z `ywU K‡q‡ji GKwU‡Z Kv‡i›U cÖev‡ni d‡j m…ó d¬v‡•i †h Askwe‡kl Ab¨wU‡Z mswkøó nq, Zv‡K wgDPzqvj d¬v•
e‡j|
46| GwW Kv‡i›U
hLb GKwU ê`y¨wZK Pz¤^‡Ki K‡q‡ji g‡a¨ w`‡q cÖevwnZ Kv‡i›U cwiewZ©Z n‡Z _v‡K, ZLb †PŠ¤^K †ÿÎI cwiewZ©Z n‡Z _v‡K|
GB cwieZ©bkxj d¬v• K‡q‡ji Zvi‡K KZ©b K‡i, d‡j K‡q‡j GKwU †fv‡ë‡Ri m…wó nq| GKB mg‡q GB d¬v• †jŠn `Û‡KI
KZ©b K‡i| d‡j GB †jŠn `‡ÛI †fv‡ë‡Ri m…wó nq| GB †fv‡ë‡Ri Kvi‡b †jŠn `‡Û GKwU Kv‡i›U AvewZ©Z n‡Z _v‡K, GB
AvewZ©Z Kv‡i›U‡KB GwW Kv‡i›U e‡j|
47| m¨vM
`yBwU †cvj ev UvIqv‡ii g‡a¨ KÛvKUi jvMv‡bv n‡j KÛvKUiwU wKQzUv Sz‡j c‡o| †cvj ev UvIqvi `yBwUi †h we›`y‡Z KÛvKUi
jvMv‡bv n‡q‡Q †mB we›`y `yBwUi ms‡hvMKvwi KvíwbK †iLv n‡Z KÛvKUiwUi m‡ev©‧P Szj‡K m¨vM (SAG) ev Szj e‡j|
48| Zvi I K¨vej
Zvi †Lvjv ev nvjKv BÞy‡jkb hy³ nq Ges mwjW ev ÷ªv‡ÛW nq, wKš` K¨vej me mgq BÞy‡j‡UW I ÷ªv‡ÛW nq|

49| A.C.S.R K¨vej Kx?

Aluminium Conducters Steel Reinforced G‡K Steel Cored aluminium I e‡j| D‧P †fv‡ëR cwienb Kivi
Rb¨ A¨vjywgwbqvg KÛvKU‡ii †K‡›`ª cÖ‡jc hy³ óxj †Kvi eëvni K‡i A.C.S.R Zvi ˆZwi Kiv nq| G‡Z G¨vjywgwbqvg Zv‡ii
Uvb mnb ÿgZv e…w× cvq|
50| jvBwUs G‡i÷vi
jvBwUs G‡i÷vi ev mvR© WvBfviUvi GK ai‡bi B‡jKwUªK¨vj cÖ‡UKwUf wWfvBm, hv cvIqvi wm‡÷‡g nvB †fv‡ëR‡K ev mvR©
†fv‡ëR‡K mivmwi gvwU‡Z †cÖiY K‡i|
51| AC ev Aëvi‡bwUs Kv‡i›U wK?
‡h Kv‡i‡›Ui w`K mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ cwiewZ©Z nq Zv‡K Aëvi‡bwUs Kv‡i›U (AC) e‡j|
52| wm‡÷g jm wK?
Drcv`b †K‡›`ªi wbR¯^ eënvi mn hš¿cvwZi AcPq, cwienb Zv‡ii †iwRm‡UÞ RwbZ AcPq Ges Ab¨vb¨ KvwiMwi AKvwiMwi|
53| wdWvi wK?
Rbeûj GjvKv, KviLvbv ev AvevwmK GjvKvq we`y¨r mieivn Kivi j‡ÿ D‧P †fv‡ëR Dc‡K›`ª ev wMÖW Dc‡K›`ª n‡Z wewfbœ †jvW
†m›Uv‡i we`y¨r mieivn cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ †h untapped jvBb wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K wdWvi e‡j|
54| w÷ªs Bwdwm‡qwÝ wK?
mvm‡cbkb wW¯‹ BÞy‡jUi Gi N- msL¨K BDwb‡Ui ¯úvK© Ifvi †fv‡ëR GKwU BDwb‡Ui N-¸Y ¯úvK© Ifvi †fv‡ë‡Ri AbycvZ‡K
w÷ªs Bwdwm‡qwÞ e‡j|
w÷ªs Bwdwm‡qwÞ = N-msL¨K BDwb‡Ui SOV/N x GKwU BDwb‡Ui SOV (Max. Volts)
SOV = Spark Over Voltage
55| UªvÝdigv‡ii eªx`vi wK?
DËit UªvÞdigv‡ii U¨vsK Rjxqev¯úgy³ A_©vr ï®‹ evZvm cÖ‡e‡ki Rb¨ UªvÞdigv‡i †h cÖ‡Kvô eënvi Kiv nq Zv‡K eªx`vi e‡j|
56| wgwb‡qPvi mvwK©U †eªKvi Kv‡K e‡j?
wgwb‡qPvi k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_© nj ÿz`ªvKvi| †h mvwK©U †eªKvi Aí Kv‡i‡›U KvR K‡i Ges AvKv‡ii w`K w`‡qI †QvU GB ai‡bi
mvwK©U †eªKvi¸‡jv‡K wgwb‡qPvi mvwK©U †eªKvi Kv‡K e‡j|
57| evmevi wK?
evmevi GK ai‡bi Zvgv ev Gjywgwbqv‡gi ˆZwi cwievnx cvZ, evi ev iW, hv GK ev GKvwaK mvwK©‡U B‡jKwUªK¨vj GbvwR© msMÖn I
weZiY K‡i|
58| Gqvi mvwK©U †eªKvi Kv‡K e‡j?
‡h mvwK©U †eªKv‡i AvK© wbev©cY Ges Acv‡iwUs ¯^vfvweK evqygÛ‡ji evZv‡mi Pv‡c Kiv nq Zv‡K Gqvi mvwK©U †eªKvi Kv‡K e‡j|
59| †gvUi Kv‡K e‡j?
Bnv GK cÖKvi B‡jKwUªK¨vj †gwkb hv mieivn †_‡K B‡jKwUªK¨vj kw³ MÖnY K‡i hvwš¿K kw³‡Z iƒcvšÍi K‡i Zv‡K †gvUi e‡j|
Bnv AC I DC Gi n‡q _v‡K|
60| †Rbv‡iUi
‡Rbv‡iUi Ggb GKwU hš¿ ev †gwkb hvi mvnv‡h¨ hvwš¿K kw³‡K ê`y¨wZK kw³‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ Kiv nq|
61| Kgy¨‡UUi
cÖ‡Z¨K wWwm †Rbv‡iU‡ii Av‡g©Pv‡i Drcbœ Kv‡i›U me mgq Gwm n‡q _v‡K, wWwm †Rbv‡iU‡ii GB Gwm †fv‡ëR‡K ewntmvwK©‡U
wWwm cvIqvi Rb¨ †h wWfvBm ev †gKvwbRg eëüZ nq Zv‡K Kgy‡UUi e‡j|
62| G·vBUvi
wdì ˆZwi Ki‡Z G•vB‡Ukb †fv‡ëR ìKvi, hvi gva¨‡g Aëvi‡bU‡ii wd‡ë G•vB‡Ukb †fv‡ëR †`qv nq Zv‡K G•vBUvi
e‡j| GUv GKwU G•vUvibvj wWwm mvcøvB eë¯’v (e¨vUvwi, wWwm kv›U †Rbv‡iUi ev †iw±dvqvi) hvi gva¨‡g wd‡ì wWwm mvcøvB w`‡q
Aëvi‡bU‡i Pz¤^K wdì ˆZwi Kiv nq|
63| What is the difference between earth and neutral?
Neutral is the return path of the conductor through which current flows back to the system. However
earth is used for protection against high fault current. When the current is very high it flows through
earth and bypass the equipment or device thus protecting it.
64| wgDPzqvj d¬v• Kv‡K e‡j?
cvkvcvwk Aew¯’Z `ywU K‡q‡ji GKwU‡Z Kv‡i›U cÖev‡ni d‡j m…ó d¬v‡•i †h Askwe‡kl Ab¨wU‡Z mswkøó nq, Zv‡K wgDPzqvj d¬v•
e‡j|

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65| wmb‡µvbvBwRs
mvwK©‡Ui †jvW e…w× †c‡j Ges GKwU Aëvi‡bUi Øviv hw` †m ewa©Z †jv‡Wi Pvwn`v c~ib Kiv m¤¢e bv nq Zvn‡j `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK
Aëv‡bUi‡K wKQz kZ© mv‡c‡ÿ GKwU Av‡iKwUi mv‡_ c¨viv‡jj Acv‡ikb Kiv nq, GB cw×wZ‡K wmb‡µvbvBwRs e‡j|
66| †gvUi w¯øc
‡gvU‡ii Gi wmb‡µvbvm ¯úxW Ns I †ivUi ¯úxW Nr Gi cv_©K¨‡K wmb‡µvbvm ¯úxW Øviv fvM Ki‡j †h gvb cvIqv hvq ZvK
BÛvKkb †gvU‡ii w¯øc(S) e‡j| Bnv‡K kZKivq cÖKvk Kiv nq| Bnvi gvb mvaviYZ 4% ‡_‡K 8% _v‡K| ‡gvU‡ii w¯øc, %S
Ns  Nr
= x100
Ns
67| e¨vK B Gg Gd
hLb †Kvb wWwm †gvU‡ii Av‡g©Pvi wdì Pz¤^K †ÿ‡Îi wfZi Nyi‡Z _v‡K ZLb H Av‡g©Pv‡i KÛvKUi Pz¤^K ej †iLv‡K KZ©b K‡i
d‡j Av‡g©Pvi KÛv±i evwn‡ii Kv‡i›U QvovI N~Y©‡bi Rb¨ †fv‡ëR Drcbœ K‡i hvi AwfgyL mieivn †fv‡ë‡Ri wecixZ, GB
†fv‡ëR‡K e¨vK B Gg Gd e‡j| Back e.m.f, Eb = φzNP/60A Volts or Eb = V-Ia Ra Volts
68| Avi‡gPvi wiqvKkb
‡Kvb KÛv±‡ii wfZi w`‡q Kv‡i›U cÖevwnZ n‡j †m KÛv±‡ii PZzw`©‡K GKwU Pz¤^K †ÿ‡Îi m…wó nq| wWwm †gwk‡bi †cv‡ji Pz¤^K
†ÿ‡Îi Dci Av‡g©Pvi KÛv±‡ii cÖevn RwbZ Pz¤^K †ÿ‡Îi cÖfve‡K Av‡g©Pvi wiqvKkb e‡j| Gi d‡j Kve©b eªv‡k ¯úvK© †`Lv †`q
Ges Uvwg©bvj †fv‡ëR K‡g hvq| Air Gap evwo‡q, Compensating Winding Ges Interpole eënvi K‡i Av‡g©Pvi
wiqvKkb Kgv‡bv hvq|
69| wmb‡µvbvm †gvUi
‡h †gvUi †bv-‡jvW n‡Z dzj †jvW ch©šÍ GKwU wbw`©ó MwZ‡e‡M Ny‡i Zv‡K wmb‡µvbvm †gvUi e‡j| GB †gvU‡ii ¯úxW memgq Ns
= 120f/P n‡q _v‡K| A_©vr wmb‡µvbvm †gvU‡ii ¯úxW memgq GKB _v‡K|
70| UªvÞwgkb jvB‡bi UªvÞcwRkwbs wK?
Amgvb `~i‡Z¡i Avbe¨vjvÞ wZb †dR Ifvi‡nW jvB‡bi e¨vjvÞ cÖwZôv Kivi j‡ÿ wbw`©ó eëav‡b cÖwZwU Zv‡ii g‡a¨ cvi¯úvwiK
¯’vb wewbg‡qi eë¯’v †K UªvÞcwRkwbs ejv nq|
71| †mwgKÛv±i
Bnv Ggb GKwU c`v_© hvnvi KÛvKwUwfwU KÛv±‡ii Zzjbvq Kg I BÞy‡jUi Gi Zzjbvq †ewk| A_©vr †h c`v‡_©i AvDUvi Aiwe‡U
e¨vjvÞ B‡jKUª‡bi msL¨v BÞy‡jUi I KÛv±‡ii gvSvgvwS (4wU) _v‡K Zv‡K †mwgKÛv±i e‡j| †hgb- Rv‡g©wbqvg, wmwjKb
BZ¨vw`|
72| †Rbvi Wv‡qvW
‡h mKj wµ÷vj Wv‡qvW Ggbfv‡e †Wvwcs Kiv nq hvi GKwU k¨vc© †eªKWvDb †fv‡ëR _v‡K| †Rbvi Wv‡qvW me©`vB wifvm© evqv‡m
KvR K‡i| Bnv †fv‡ëR †i¸‡jUi wnmv‡e KvR K‡i|
73| A¨vgwcødvqvi
A¨vgwcødvqvi ev weea©K Ggb GKwU wWfvBm hvi gva¨‡g †Kvb `ye©j ev †QvU wmMb¨vj‡K kw³kvjx ev eo wmMb¨v‡j iƒcvšÍwiZ Kiv
hvq|
74| B‡jKUªwb•
BwÃwbqvwis Gi †h kvLvq f¨vKzqvg wUDe, M¨vm wUDe Ges †mwgKÛv±i Gi g‡a¨ w`qv B‡jKUªb cÖevn m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv I M‡elYv
Kiv nq Zv‡K B‡jKUªwb• e‡j|
76| wicj d¨v±i
‡iw±dvqvi Gi AvDUcy‡U cvj‡mwUs DC Gi AC K‡¤úv‡b›U Gi RMS gvb Ges DC K‡¤úv‡b›U Gi gv‡bi AbycvZ GKwU aªæe
msL¨v, GB aªæe msL¨v‡K wicj d¨v±i e‡j| wicj d¨v±i Gi gvb KZ hZ Kg nq DC ZZ fv‡jv †KvqvwjwUi nq|
77| GbvjM I wWwRUvj wmMb¨vj
‡h wmMb¨vj mg‡qi mv‡_ cwiewZ©Z nq Ges †h‡Kvb gv‡b _vK‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K GbvjM wmMb¨vj e‡j| Avi †h wmMb¨v‡j ïay gvÎ
`yBwU †j‡fj (0,1 A_ev high, low) _v‡K, Zv‡K wWwRUvj wmMb¨vj e‡j|
78| weU I evBU
weUt evBbvwi wWwRU (0, 1) Gi cÖ‡Z¨KwU‡K weU e‡j|
evBUt 8wU weU Gi MÖæc‡K GK‡Î evBU e‡j|
79| gvwë‡cø•vi I wWgvwë‡cø•vi
Avgv‡ì eB †c‡Z Atikul's Power Sector Job Solution Gi †dmeyK †cB‡R †g‡mR Kiæb||Aa
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Avgv‡ì GWz‡Kkb cøvUdg© www.bdjobsstudy.com G Z_¨ Avc‡WU †c‡Z I‡qemvB‡U hy³ †nvb|

gvwë‡cø•vit †h mvwK©‡Ui GKvwaK BbcyU I GKwU gvÎ AvDUcyU _v‡K Ges h_vh_ wbev©Pb eë¯’vi gva¨‡g †h †Kvb GKwU BbcyU
wmMbvj‡K AvDUcy‡U cvVvq Zv‡K gvwë‡cø•vi e‡j|
wWgvwë‡cø•vit †h mvwK©‡Ui GKwU BbcyU I GKvwaK AvDUcyU _v‡K Ges h_vh_ wbev©Pb eë¯’vi gva¨‡g BbcyU wmMbvj‡K †h‡Kvb
AvDUcy‡U cvVvq Zv‡K gvwë‡cø•vi e‡j|
80| Kviby g¨vc (Karnough Map)
‡h g¨v‡ci mvnv‡h¨ jwRK ivwkgvjv mijxKiY Kiv nq Zv‡K Kviby g¨vc e‡j| gwim Kvibyd GB g¨vc Avwe®‹vi K‡ib, Zvi
bvgvbymv‡i Gi bvg Kviby g¨vc ivLv nq|
81| eywjqvb exRMwbZ
jwRK †MBU I jwRK mvwK©‡Ui Rb¨ †h mKj exRMwbZ I BKzBkb eënvi Kiv nq Zv‡K eywjqvb exRMwbZ e‡j|
82| wmwjKb K‡›Uªvj †iw±dvqvi (SCR)
SCR Gi A_© nj Silicon Controlled Rectifier. Bnv wZb Uvwg©bvj (Anode, Cathode, Gate), Pvi ¯Íi, wZb Rvskb
wewkó PNPN ‡mwgKÛ±i myBwPs wWfvBm|
83| ‘Heat sink’ wK?
Bnv GK cÖKvi avZzi mxU hv _vBwi÷i ev Ab¨ †Kvb B‡jKUªwb• wWfvBm (AvBwm, UªvbwR÷i) †_‡K AwZwi³ ZvcgvÎv Kgv‡bvi
Rb¨ eëüZ nq|
84| BDwbfvm©vj jwRK †MBU
‡h mKj jwRK †MBU Øviv Ab¨vb¨ mKj †MBU ˆZwi Kiv hvq Zv‡ì‡K BDwbfvm©vj jwRK †MBU e‡j| NAND I NOR
BDwbfvm©vj jwRK †MBU|
85| UªvÝwWDmvi I †mÝi
‡h mKj wWfvBm GK cÖKvi kw³‡K Av‡iK cÖKvi kw³‡Z iæcvšÍi K‡i Zv‡K UªvÞwWDmvi e‡j| Avi UªvmwWDmvi‡K hLb we‡kl
D‡Ï‡k¨ ˆZwi †Kvb h‡š¿i mnvqK wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv nq ZLb Zv‡K H h‡š¿i †mÞi ejv nq|
86| SCADA wK?
Supervisory Control and Data Acquistion (SCADA): The combination of transducers,
communication links and data processing systems which provides information to the National Load
Dispatch Centre (NLDC) on the operation of the Transmission system and the Generating Units.
87| Smart Grid
A smart grid puts advanced information and communication technology into electricity generation,
delivery and consumption with dynamic pricing, making systems cleaner, safer, and more reliable
and efficient into the current electricity grid.
88| gvwëfvB‡eªUi
‡h wWfvB‡mi gva¨‡g Square ev Non-Sinusoidal I‡qf †Rbv‡iUi Kiv nq Zv‡K gvwëfvB‡eªUi e‡j| gvwëfvB‡eªUi
GKai‡bi A¨vgwcødvqvi hvi `ywU †÷R| GB `ywU †÷R‡K Ggbfv‡e Kvwcøs Kiv nq †h, GKwUi AvDUcyU Ab¨wUi BbcyU wnmv‡e
KvR K‡i|
89| †iw±dvqvi I BbfvU©vi Kx?
‡h B‡j±ªwb• wWfvB‡mi gva¨‡g Gwm (A/C) ‡K wWwm (D/C) ‡Z iæcvšÍwiZ Kiv nq Zv‡K †iw±dvqvi e‡j| ‡h B‡j±ªwb•
wWfvB‡mi gva¨‡g wWwm (D/C) ‡K Gwm (A/C) ‡Z iæcvšÍwiZ Kiv nq Zv‡K †iw±dvqvi e‡j|

90| wcK Bbfvim †fv‡ëR (PIV)

Bnv †iKwUdvqvi mvwK©‡Ui m‡ev©‧P wifvm© †fv‡ëR hv‡Z GKwU Wv‡qvW bó bv n‡q KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i| PIV Gi †P‡q †ewk †fv‡ëR
n‡j Wv‡qvW bó n‡q hvq|
91| wK¬wcs I K¬vw¤ús mvwK©U
wK¬wcst †h mvwK©‡Ui mvnv‡h¨ mvBbI‡qf‡K wewfbœ AvK…wZ‡Z cwieZ©b Kiv hvq Zv‡K wK¬wcs mvwK©U e‡j|
K¬vw¤úst †h mvwK©‡Ui mvnv‡h¨ †Kvb wmMb¨vj †fv‡ëR Gi cwRwUf ev †b‡MwUf wcK gvb‡K Kvw․ÿZ wWwm gv‡b Avbv hvq, Zv‡K
K¬vw¤ús mvwK©U e‡j|
92| gWz‡jkb I wWgWz‡jkb
K¨vwiqvi I‡q‡fi mv‡_ wmMb¨vj‡K wgwkÖZ Kiv‡Z gWz‡jkb e‡j| Avevi gyj wmMb¨vj‡K K¨vwiqvi I‡qf †_‡K Avjv`v Kiv‡K
wWgWz‡jkb e‡j|
93| wmMb¨v‡j b‡qR Kx?

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WvUv Kgywb‡Kk‡b ev †Kvb K‡›Uªvj wm‡÷‡g g~j wmMb¨v‡ji mv‡_ †Kvb gva¨g Øviv cÖfvweZ AbvKvw․ÿZ wmMb¨vj‡K b‡qR e‡j|
94| wd¬c d¬c mvwK©U
‡h wWwRUvj mvwK©‡U `yBwU †÷ej †÷U _v‡K Ges GKwU wUªMvwis cvjm cÖ‡qvM Ki‡j Dnvi †÷U ev Ae¯’vi cwieZ©b nq, Z‡e H
†ggwi Dcv`vb‡K wd¬c d¬c e‡j|
95| Gb‡KvWvi I wW‡KvWvi
Gb‡KvWvit ‡h mvwK©‡Ui mvnv‡h¨ `kwgK ev GbvjM WvUv‡K evBbvwi WvUvq ev †gwk‡bi †evaMg¨ fvlvq iƒcvšÍ Kiv hvq Zv‡K
Gb‡KvWvi e‡j|
wW‡KvWvit †h mvwK©‡Ui mvnv‡h¨ evBbvwi WvUvq ev ‡gwk‡bi †evaMg¨ fvlv‡K `kwgK ev GbvjM fvlvq iƒcvšÍi Kiv hvq Zv‡K
wW‡KvWvi e‡j|
96| LDR wK?
LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) GwU Ggb GK ai‡bi †iwR÷i hvi gvb Av‡jvi mv‡_ cwiewZ©Z nq|
97| evB‡cvjvi UªvbwR÷i I BDwb‡cvjvi UªvbwR÷i
‡h UªvbwR÷i G †nvj I B‡jKUªb `yBwU K¨vwiqvi cÖev‡ni d‡j Kv‡i›U cÖev‡ni m…wó nq Zv‡K evB‡cvjvi UªvbwR÷i e‡j| †hgb
NPN I PNP UªvbwR÷i|
‡h UªvbwR÷i G †nvj I B‡jKUªb Gi †h‡Kvb GKwU K¨vwiqvi cÖev‡ni d‡j Kv‡i›U cÖev‡ni m…wó nq Zv‡K BDwb‡cvjvi UªvbwR÷i
e‡j| †hgbt FET
98| wdWe¨vK wK?
‡h mKj mvwK©‡Ui AvDUcyU wmMb¨vj‡K cybivq e¨env‡ii Rb¨ H mvwK©‡Ui BbcyU wnmv‡e e¨envi Kiv nq Ges Zv †_‡K AvDUcyU
cvIqv hvq Zv‡K wdWe¨vK e‡j|
99| GgwcøwPDW gWz‡jkb I wd«Kz‡qwÝ gWz‡jkb
AM (Amplitude Modulation): K¨vwiqvi I‡q‡fi Amplitude wmMb¨vj I‡q‡fi ZvrÿwbK gvb Abymv‡i cwieZ©b Kivi
cÖwµqv‡K GgwcøwPDW gWz‡jkb e‡j|
FM (Frequency Modulation): K¨vwiqvi I‡q‡fi Frequency wmMb¨vj I‡q‡fi ZvrÿwbK gv‡bi mv‡_ mgvbycvwZK fv‡e
cwieZ©b Kivi cÖwµqv‡K wd«Kz‡qwÞ gWz‡jkb e‡j|
100| c~Y©iƒc wKQz-
LVDT= Linear Variable Differential Tansformer
GSM = Global System for Mobile Communication
CDMA = Code Division Multiple Access
FDMA = Frequency Division Multiple Access
VSAT = Very Small Aperture Terminal
PWM = Pulse Width modulation
CMOS = Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
MOSFET = Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
LASER = Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
LDR = Light Dependent Resistor
SWG = Standard Wire Gauge.
NLDC = National Load Dispatch Centre
SCADA = Supervisory Control and Data Acqusition
IEEE = Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
SIM= Subscriber Identity Module
MCCB= Moulded Case Circuit Breaker
RCCB= Residual Current Circuit Breaker

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