ADDIS ABABA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY College of

Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Department of Software Engineering

Object Oriented Programming project
Title: Clinic System

Section: D

Group members ID
1. Nahom Ketsela ETS 2501/14
2. Niyat Hannibal ETS 1305/14
3. Rediet Yemane ETS 1345/14
4. Samiya yusuf ETS1404/14
5. Saad Musema ETS 1389/14
6. Samrawit G/Maryam ETS 1406/14

Submitted to: Ins.Abdi

Date of submission: Dec 12, 2023

Contents

Background.......................................................................................................................................................1
Problem statement.........................................................................................................................................2
Objectives...........................................................................................................................................................3
General Objectives..........................................................................................................................3
Specific Objectives 3
Scope.....................................................................................................................................................................4
Limitation...........................................................................................................................................................5
Class Diagram..................................................................................................................................................6
Implementation...............................................................................................................................................7
 Hospital management system
Background
In the contemporary healthcare landscape, the efficient management of hospital resources,
patient information, and medical processes is paramount for delivering high-quality healthcare
services. The implementation of a Hospital Management System (HMS) serves as a solution to
streamline and optimize these complex operations, contributing to the overall improvement of
patient care and organizational efficiency.
A robust Hospital Management System integrates various functionalities to address the
multifaceted needs of a healthcare institution. These systems typically encompass modules for
patient registration, appointment scheduling, billing and invoicing, electronic health records
(EHR), inventory management, and staff administration. Hospitals can eliminate redundancies,
reduce paperwork, and enhance communication among different departments by centralizing
these functions within a unified platform. This integration not only saves time but also minimizes
the risk of errors, ensuring accurate and up-to-date information for healthcare providers.
Moreover, the implementation of an HMS facilitates better patient care by enabling healthcare
professionals to access comprehensive and real-time patient data. Electronic health records allow
for a seamless exchange of information among clinicians, nurses, and other healthcare staff,
promoting coordinated and informed decision-making. Automating administrative tasks, such as
appointment scheduling and billing, further enables healthcare professionals to focus more on
patient care, ultimately improving the overall quality of healthcare services.
Furthermore, Hospital Management Systems contribute to improved organizational efficiency by
providing data-driven insights. Analytics tools within these systems can generate valuable
reports on key performance indicators, resource utilization, and patient outcomes. This data-
driven approach empowers hospital administrators to make informed decisions, optimize
resource allocation, and identify areas for continuous improvement. Ultimately, the successful
implementation of a Hospital Management System not only modernizes healthcare processes but
also enhances the overall effectiveness of healthcare delivery, leading to better patient outcomes
and satisfaction.

Statement of Problem
Traditional paper-based systems for managing hospital operations are often plagued by
inefficiencies and errors. The absence of an integrated information system can result in
challenges such as difficulty in tracking patient records, managing appointments, and
coordinating various hospital activities.
The limitations of outdated, paper-based hospital systems are evident in both state and private
healthcare settings. Even as we move towards digital solutions, many current hospital
management systems lack the flexibility to connect seamlessly with others. This results in

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redundant information and gaps, particularly when patients want to switch between healthcare
providers.
The difficulty in transferring patient records between hospitals poses a significant challenge.
When patients seek to change doctors or move to a different healthcare facility, their medical
histories are often tied to their previous hospital, making it hard to access comprehensive
healthcare data. This puts the onus on patients to navigate bureaucratic processes to retrieve their
medical history, which is inconvenient. Some hospitals are also hesitant to quickly provide this
service, affecting patients' rights to easily access their healthcare information. Addressing these
challenges calls for more patient-friendly and interconnected hospital management systems that
prioritize the smooth exchange of medical information between healthcare institutions.

Objective
Our Java project on hospital management systems aims to develop a program that effectively
manages patient records, appointments, billing, and various administrative aspects essential to
healthcare institutions. Moreover, the goal is to enhance the quality of healthcare services
provided by implementing this system. Both healthcare professionals and administrative staff
will find the program to be user-friendly and straightforward to use, leveraging the principles of
object-oriented programming to ensure efficiency and reliability.
By finishing this project, we will have constructed a practical application for handling patient
records, appointments, billing, and various administrative tasks within a healthcare facility. while
also gaining expertise in Java programming.
General Objective:

The general objective of the Hospital Management System project is to develop an

interconnected and patient-friendly software solution that addresses the shortcomings of
traditional paper-based hospital management systems. This system aims to facilitate the
seamless exchange of medical information between healthcare institutions.
Specific Objectives:

1. Efficient Patient Record Management:

To design a system that efficiently manages and updates patient records, ensuring
accuracy and accessibility.
2. Streamlined Appointment Management:

To implement a user-friendly appointment scheduling system that reduces administrative

burdens and improves patient experience.
3. Enhanced Accessibility of Medical Histories:

To create a platform that facilitates the easy retrieval of patient medical histories,
promoting patient autonomy and convenience.

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 4. Security and Privacy Measures:

To implement robust security measures to ensure the confidentiality and privacy of

patient information during data exchange.
5. Collaborative Healthcare Ecosystem:

To foster a collaborative healthcare ecosystem by enabling healthcare institutions to

share relevant patient data, promoting continuity of care efficiently.

Scope
The scope of the Hospital Management System project is extensive, encompassing various
modules and functionalities strategically designed to address the inefficiencies and challenges
inherent in traditional paper-based hospital management systems. The project will
comprehensively cover the following key aspects:
1. Patient Record Management:

The system will offer a comprehensive solution for electronically managing patient records,
ensuring accuracy, and providing up-to-date information for healthcare providers.
2. Appointment Scheduling:

A dedicated, user-friendly appointment scheduling module will be developed to streamline the

scheduling process for both healthcare providers and patients, enhancing overall operational
efficiency.
4. Medical History Retrieval:

The system will place a strong emphasis on enabling the effortless retrieval of patient medical
histories. This feature intends to reduce bureaucratic hurdles, particularly when patients
transition between healthcare providers, ensuring a smooth continuum of care.
This well-rounded scope emphasizes the project's commitment to addressing the complexities of
hospital management systems, promoting efficiency, collaboration, and data security in the
healthcare domain.

Limitations of the Scope

While the project ambitiously targets the resolution of numerous challenges inherent in
traditional hospital management systems, it is crucial to recognize and address certain limitation
1. Complexity: understanding the intricacies of hospital operations can be challenging due to the
inherent complexity of healthcare environments. The multitude of diverse interactions within a
hospital setting adds to the complexity, making it difficult to grasp and manage detailed
information effectively.

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1. Dependency on Network Connectivity: The efficiency of healthcare information exchange
within the system may be contingent on the availability of reliable network connectivity,
particularly in distributed systems where seamless data transfer is vital. Potential disruptions in
network connections could affect the system's performance and data accessibility.
2. Initial Setup and Training: acknowledging the need for an effective deployment, users may
encounter initial setup requirements and training sessions to ensure optimal utilization of the
system. This includes familiarizing healthcare staff with the new technological interface and
functionalities, potentially requiring an adjustment period during the system's implementation.
3. Ongoing Maintenance:a critical consideration is the necessity for ongoing maintenance and
updates to address the dynamic nature of healthcare needs and technological advancements.
Regular updates and maintenance activities will be essential to keep the system aligned with
evolving industry standards and ensure its continued effectiveness in meeting the demands of
modern healthcare practices.

Despite these identified limitations, it is paramount to highlight that the project's scope signifies
a substantial improvement over traditional systems. The emphasis on patient-centric approaches,
streamlined data exchange, and the overall enhancement of hospital management processes
positions the project as a progressive and transformative initiative in the healthcare sector. By
acknowledging and proactively addressing these limitations, the project aims to deliver a robust
and sustainable solution that significantly elevates the efficiency and effectiveness of hospital
management.

Design of the system (class diagram)

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Implementation
1. Class: Hospital

- Attributes: name, address, Room numbers, patient numbers

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 - Methods: addWorkers(), addPatient(),

2. Class: Workers
-Attributes: workerName, workerType (Doctor, Nurse, etc.), workerId
-Methods: getWorkerDetails(), updateWorkerDetails()

3. Class: Patient

- Attributes: name, age, illness

- Methods: makeAppointment(), makePayment()

4. Class: Payment

- Attributes: amount, date, patient, doctor

- Methods: makePayment(), confirmPayment()

5. Class: Appointment

- Attributes: date, time, patient, doctor

- Methods: scheduleAppointment(), cancelAppointment()

6 . Class: Billing

- Attributes: patient, totalAmount, paymentStatus

- Methods: generateBill(), updatePaymentStatus()

7. Class: MedicalRecord

- Attributes: patient, doctor, diagnosis, prescriptions

- Methods: addEntry(), updateEntry(), viewRecord()

8. Class: LabTest

- Attributes: testName, cost, patient, result

- Methods: updateResult(), calculateCost(),addTest(), updateTestResult()

9. Class: Receptionist

- Attributes: name, shift

- Methods: checkInPatient(), checkOutPatient()

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10. Class: Room

- Attributes: roomNumber, roomType, availability

- Methods: assignRoom(), releaseRoom()

11. Class: Department

- Attributes: departmentName, doctors

- Methods: addDoctor(), removeDoctor()

12. Class: Prescription

- Attributes: medicine, dosage, frequency, doctor, patient

- Methods: createPrescription(), updatePrescription()

13. Class: Medicine

- Attributes: name, cost, quantityAvailable

- Methods: updateStock(), calculateCost()

Conclusion

Our Java-based hospital management system project sets out to revolutionize and refine the
operational landscape within healthcare institutions. By introducing a comprehensive
Hospital Management System, our endeavor is geared towards enhancing operational
efficiency, communication, data management, healthcare service quality, and fostering
professional development within healthcare organizations.

In summary, the proposed system aims to significantly elevate administrative processes,

enhance data accuracy, and optimize resource management within the healthcare facility.
Through the implementation of this holistic system, our objective is to lighten the administrative
load, creating a more organized and efficient work environment for the hospital staff. This
endeavor seeks to contribute to the overall improvement of patient care and the effectiveness of
healthcare services provided by the institution.