Endo
Endo
Endo
Tammar nabeel
Mustafa ali
01 Working lenght definition
Apical foramen
( major apical diameter )
Radiographic apex : is the tip or end of the root determined
radiographically
Apical Constriction (minor apical diameter): It is the apical portion of the
root canal having the narrowest diameter. This position may vary but is
usually O,5 to 1.0 mm short of the center of the apical foramen.
The reference point
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