PHYSICS 042 CLASS – XII

Academic Session 2024 – 25

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark
each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three
marks each, Section D contains two case study based questions of four marks each and Section E contains
three long answer questions of five marks each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in Section
B, one question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three questions in Section E.
You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed. (7) You may use the following values of physical constants where

6.63 x10 Js vi. ε = 8.854 x10 𝐶 2𝑁 −1𝑚 vii. Avogadro’s number = 6.023 X 10 per gram mole
ever necessary i. c = 3 x 10 m/s ii. me = 9.1 x10 kg iii. e = 1.6 x 10 C iv. µ = 4π x 10 Tm𝐴 −1 v. h =
8 -31 -19
0
-7

-34 -12 −2 23
0

SECTION A
1 Torque acting along on electric dipole of dipole moment P placed in uniform electric field E is: 1
(a) P x E (b) P E (c) P x(E x P ) (d) E x P
2 The variation potential V with r and electric field E with r for a point charge is correctly shown in
the graphs. 1

03. In a Whetstone’s bridge, all the four arms have equal resistance R. If resistance of the galvanometer arm 1
is also R, then equivalent resistance of the combination is-
(A) R (B)2R (C)R/2 (D)R/4
04 The force experienced by a charged particle moving in a magnetic field is maximum when the angle 1
between the velocity of the particle and the magnetic field is:
a) 0° b) 45° c) 90° d) 180°
05 The magnetic susceptibility of a diamagnetic substance is 1
(a) ∞ (b) zero (c) small but negative (d) small but positive
06 Lenz’s law of electromagnetic induction is as per law of conservation of 1
a) energy. b) angular momentum. c) charge. d) electromotive force.
07 When current in a coil changes from 5 A to 2 A in 0.1 s, average voltage of 50V is produced. The self-
inductance of the coil is V is produced. The self-inductance of the coil will be. 1
(a) 1.67 H (b) 6 H (c) 3 H (d) 0.67 H
08 An ac circuit has a resistance of 12 ohms and an impedance of 15 ohms. The power factor of the circuit 1
will be
(a) 0.8 (b) 0.4 (c) 0.125 (d) 1.25
09 What happens to the inductive reactance when the frequency of the AC supply is increased? 1
(a) Increases (b) Decreases (c)Remains the same (d) Decreases inversely
10 The electromagnetic radiation used for water purification and eye surgery is
(a)infrared (b)microwave (c) X-rays (d) ultraviolet wave 1
11 1
A proton, a neutron, an electron and an α-particle have the same energy. Then their de Broglie
wavelengths compare as
(a) λp = λn > λe > λα (b) λα < λp = λn < λe (c) λe < λp = λn > λα (d) λe = λp = λn = λα
12 For a nuclear fusion process, suitable nuclei are 1
(a.) Any nuclei (b)Heavy nuclei (c) Light nuclei (d).Nuclei lying in middle of periodic table
ASSERTION –REASON QUESTION DIRECTIONS: Read the following questions and choose any one
of the following four responses. EACH QUESTION OF 1 MARK
A. If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
B. if both assertion and reason are true but reason is not a correct explanation of assertion.
C. If assertion is true but reason is false.
D. If both assertion and reason is false.
13 Assertion (A): The conductivity of intrinsic semiconductors increases with an increase in temperature. 1
Reason (R): Increase in temperature decreases the average time between collisions of electrons.
14 Assertion (A): According to Bohr’s atomic model the ratio of angular momenta of an electron in first 1
excited state to that in ground state is 2:1.
Reason (R): According to Bohr’s theory the angular momentum of the electron is directly proportional to
the principal quantum number.
15 Assertion (A): Bohr postulated that the electrons in stationary orbits around the nucleus do not radiate 1
energy.
Reason (R): According to classical Physics, all accelerated electrons radiate energy.
16 Assertion (A): The kinetic energy of photoelectrons emitted by a photosensitive surface depends upon 1
the frequency of incident photon.
Reason (R): The ejection of electrons from metallic surface is possible with frequency of incident photon
below the threshold frequency.
SECTION B
17 Two point charges of 3 x10 -8C and -2 x10 -8 Care placed 15 cm apart in air. At what point on the line
joining the two charge is the electric potential zero? Take the potential at infinity to be zero 2
18 Name the part of electromagnetic spectrum whose wavelength lies in the range 10-10m. Give its one use. 2
19 Under what conditions does the phenomenon of total internal reflection take place? Draw a ray diagram 2
showing how a ray of light deviates by 90° after passing through a right-angled isosceles prism.

20 Assume that the frequency of the radiation incident on a metal plate is greater than its threshold 2
frequency. How will the following change, if the frequency of incident radiation is doubled?
(1) Kinetic energy of electrons (2) Photoelectric current
Or
A proton and an electron have same kinetic energy. Which one has greater de- Broglie wavelength.
21 Define the terms (i ) depletion region and (ii) potential barrier. 2
SECTION C
22 State Gauss’s law in electrostatics. Using this law derive an expression for the electric field due to a 3
uniformly charged infinite plane sheet.
23 State Kirchhoff’s laws. Using Kirchhoff’s find the Principal of Wheat Stone Bridge. 3
24 A coil of wire enclosing an area 100 cm 2 is placed with its plane making an angle 60° with the 3
magnetic field of strength 10–1 T. What is the flux through the coil? If magnetic field is reduced to
zero in 10–3 s, then find the induced emf.
Or
(a) Define mutual inductance and write its S.I. unit.
(b) A square loop of side 'a' carrying a current I2 is kept at distance x from an infinitely long
straight wire carrying a current I1 as shown in the figure. Obtain the expression for the resultant
force acting on the loop.
25 Explain the formation of potential barrier and depletion region in a p–n junction diode. What is 3
effect of applying forward bias on the width of depletion region?
OR
a. In the following diagram, which bulb out of B1 and B2 will glow and why?.

b. Explain the working of pn junction diode as a full wave rectifier with the help of labeled circuit
diagram. Draw input and output wave forms.
26 Draw a ray diagram for the formation of image of a point object by a thin double convex lens having radii 3
of curvature R1 and R2. Hence derive lens maker’s formula.
27 The work function of Caesium metal is 2.14eV. When light of frequency 6 x 10 14 Hz is incident on the 3
metal surface photoemission of electrons occurs. (a). What is the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted
(b). stopping potential and maximum speed of the emitted photoelectrons
28 1. Draw the plot of binding energy per nucleon curve as a function of mass number. 3
2. write two characteristics of nuclear forces.

SECTION D (CASE BASED QUESTIONS)

29 MOVING COIL GALVANOMETER

The galvanometer is a device used to detect the current flowing in a circuit or a small potential difference
applied to it. It consists of a coil with many turns, free to rotate about a fixed axis, in a uniform radial
magnetic field formed by using concave pole pieces of a magnet. When a current flows through the coil, a
torque acts on it.
1.What is the principle of moving coil galvanometer?
(a) Torque acting on a current carrying coil placed in a uniform magnetic field.
(b) Torque acting on a current carrying coil placed in a non-uniform magnetic field.
 (c) Potential difference developed in the current carrying coil.
(d) None of these.
2. If the field is radial, then the angle between magnetic moment of galvanometer coil and the magnetic
field will be
(a) 0° (b) 30° (c) 60° (d)90°
3. Why pole pieces are made concave in the moving coil galvanometer?
(a) to make the magnetic field radial. (b) to make the magnetic field uniform.
(c) to make the magnetic field non-uniform. (d) none of these.
4. What is the function of radial field in the moving coil galvanometer?
(a) to make the torque acting on the coil maximum. (b) to make the magnetic field strong.
(c) to make the current scale linear. (d) all the above.
5. If the rectangular coil used in the moving coil galvanometer is made circular, then what will be the
effect on the maximum torque acting on the coil in magnetic field for the same area of the coil?
(a) remains the same (b) becomes less in circular coil (c) becomes greater in circular coil
(d) depends on the orientation of the coil
30 The photoelectric emission is possible only if the incident light is in the form of packets of energy,each
having a definite value, more than the work function of the metal. This shows that light is not ofwave
nature but of particle nature. It is due to this reason that photoelectric emission was accounted by
quantum theory of light.
1. Packet of energy are called
(A) electron. (B) quanta (C)frequency (D)neutron
2.. One quantum of radiation is called
(A) meter. (B) meson (C) photon (D)quark
3. Energy associated with each photon.
(A) h c. (B) mc. (C) h v (D)h k
4. Which of the following waves can produce photo electric effect
(A) UV radiation (B) Infrared radiation (C) Radio waves (D) Microwaves
5. Work function of alkali metals is:i.
(A) less than zero. (B) just equal to other metalsi (C) greater than other metals (D) quite less than
other metals
31 Using the concept of free electrons in a conductor, derive the expression for the resistivity of a wire in 5
terms of number density and relaxation time. Hence obtain the relation between current density and the
applied electric field E.
Or
(a) (i) Why do the ‘free electrons’, in a metal wire, ‘flowing by themselves’, not cause any Current flowing
in the wire? (ii)Explain the term ‘drift velocity’ of electrons in a conductor. Derive the expression of drift
velocity Hence obtain the expression for the current through a conductor in terms of ‘drift velocity’
(b) Use the above expression to show that the ‘resistivity’, of the material of a wire, is proportional to the
Relaxation time
32 a. Draw graphs showing the variations of inductive reactance and capacitive reactance with frequency of 5
applied ac source.
b. Draw the phasor diagram for a series LRC circuit connected to an AC source.
c. When an alternating voltage of 220V is applied across a device X, a current of 0.25A flows which
lags behind the applied voltage in phase by π/2 radian. If the same voltage is applied across another
device Y, the same current flows but now it is in phase with the applied voltage.
(i) Name the devices X and Y.
(ii) Calculate the current flowing in the circuit when the same voltage is applied across the series
combination of X and Y.
OR
a. A series LCR circuit is connected to an ac source. Using the phasor diagram, derive the expression
for the impedance of the circuit.
b. Plot a graph to show the variation of current with frequency of the ac source , explaining the nature
of its variation for two different resistances R1 and R2 (R1< R2) at resonance.
33 Draw a ray diagram showing the image formation by an astronomical telescope in normal adjustment. 5
Obtain expression for total magnification when the image is formed at infinity. A small telescope has an
objective lens of focal length 144cm and an eyepiece of focal length 6cm. What is the magnifying power
of the telescope and what is the separation between the objective and the eyepiece in normal
adjustment?
OR
Draw a ray diagram showing the image formation by a compound microscope when the final image is
formed at the least distance of distinct vision. Write an expression for the total magnification when the
final image is formed at the near point. A compound microscope has an objective of focal length 1.25 cm
and eyepiece of focal length 5 cm. A small object is kept at 2.5 cm from the objective. If the final image
formed is at infinity, find the distance between the objective and the eyepiece.