sak!) (Hl +progam.

Ba Couxse
3 Som
-
1727/23 Roll
no.
Kumox Aakash Name
 chilizafon 2
What
Disus
do, Sgnihicance
underard
in
by boonze
Ocontext to
age
the emesgene
of civlzoFon
The Baonze 9ge manked he st Hne human
shonted toh wok i!h meBal. Stone
Bscnze veysions,
tools and
uSafons Soon eplaced eayliex Ancient
Sumeziang in Ihe mid le east have been the
Rst peope to enkey he Bson2e age. Humans
mode mang technologfoal adances dusig the Boon ze
age, Includsng Hhe Oas! ussitirg systems and the
Oinyenion of he noheel. In Othe middle east
and osts o Asia, Asia, the Bsonze age dge lasted om
TOughly 3300 to 1200 12 00 G.c., erding obzuptly sith
Ahe Sneax - simull¡neous collapse Jo Sevesa psomirent
Brcnee age ciiizaions.
tnols
Humans have stauted Smeling copþex as eoy aA
6.000 fn the fextfle crescent
Colled he cradle of cfvilizaion " and toicd ldea
oP the middle eas oheve apseuluge and he cs la's
Pict cite, emesged, Ancient Su thex have ben
the ast chuitksaton may
to sast adding in to coex
to make bn2e. Bapnze OA ac
hoxdex and more
duxgbe th¡n copbex,ohich magde. byonze a beler
me for tk and apons. Axcheo logical eviderce
Suggesks the tonsition fom chex bxonze took
place anound 3300 L.c. The învention o Bronze
Dsoyght an end to the Shone 9e, the pxe his toic
pesio dominahed by the shone tools and
wOEapon ty.
slake
he
Ihe bxonze
bonze
kingdoms
age
age was marked masked hy the rise
- scole soci elies joined
under a cerhra, govexnmert pooexda uler.
Bscnze age, shate ineyacled u thh ench othey
migration and the shxead ofot ea
Psomi nent Bxcnze ae kingdomg ncluded Sumex and
Babylonia in Mesoptlaia and Atery in Ancient
Geece.
The Bxopze
humans began Bronzee ended aDund 1200 6.c. wohen
Sthonger mehl :Iron
bapnze a¡e
Buonze ciaons.
Sumex B the fousth millennium BCE, Sumesiars had
eslablhes cughly a dozen city-slaey hsoughout
ancient Mesopclanmta , înclucing Estu and Uak in wht
now Southern laag Sueriana caled themselvea Hhe
the black- headed ones
bsonze Thsy aso Opioneered Fhe
of leavees and canals Poy fsigalion. Sumerians inaenke:
CuneiForm gcript 'enliest
writing and huil! laxpe stepped pysamis tompes alled
Ziputats. Sumerian Ocelchyaked t and lfteraue
3.000 - ine p0e Gilgamech" Palut
Hhe adventuyeA o a `umerian ing a he beles a forest
monster and Quests ofter the eerets ot elerrd ile
 Baby ania ; Babylonia uge to proninence fo the Baonze
Oanourd 19c8 8.c., in present -ooy Iag. is
Ocapilal, 4he
people ta nouan
eiyas
o
thee OAm
ooeupied by
onites. The Amorile Wg
Hammusabi Creaked one o he oorld'seox liat and
mact Cemplete ien lege codes. The cade of
Hammuxabi helped abyensSuxpow the Surneslan éihy
as the egion most pousert ciby
wO, a majox pohica and mi tary pouce
fnancienh Mesopolania A d pak. the Aksysan
Empise srekched om modexn -day lsag n the east
in the oest ard Eg9d in the south. The

Tuskeyxeguary
Assyzians
Assyia
alinst the phayaohs
Hhe Hite Empixe o Tuzkcy.
nomedl ater s asginal
Capita the anaent city of Asun, siuated on the oed
bank of the Tigst Rivex in modesn lra
Brnnze g9e China
In china, Bsonze gpe ciuilizaton centexed aourd
the Yelo. ives diing the Shang
(IG00- 1046 8,c) and Zhos
B.c). ChaxioBs, wenpona and
Dynty "n56
1046-256
velseh were lashipned
WeXe

Baone ung piece-mpld oppoged

to the loct Oysax method UNedi othey Bnonze
oge callines mant model hod oto be
Omade o the deired
doi xed cbject ard then covexed
in a cay mgld. he clay ynld wOuld then be
 lclassmAtcl

cu into Seclior, thal ee Ye-Pired to Create

Single mold
Baonze Geece
Gyeece become amae
major hob of octiity
Medi texanean during the Bsonze age!
On

e borad
bon2e
Greece suted with the celaclie cfviliaion
, an eauly B02 ge calkuse that qase southeast
o Hhe Gnek mainlan, on the Cyclacdes lsanda in
3200 6.c.
the Hegean ASea eeaunohurcbed
teg yeass laer, the Mincan
civ ilfzalon emesqed on, the isand of ee The
Minoana are Eorsiaxed the
adyanced divilzakio
Pn Eurohe.
The Minoans Ire trod ens whÍ exposted
IRmbex, olve oil, wine and dye to neaxby Egyph,
Syxia Cypru ard the GiseekCink mainhn. Te ilad
other rns maexia incluaing copjex, tin,
and othex
1vony and pgeciou, stone.
Apurd 1600 BC., the yenagan
civilizaion oseon, the Gyeek manland and theis
culure lounithed duning. the labeByonze Age i
Mialos Mycenacan povex centexs
Thebes, pasta and Anthens
included Myerae,
Mony: Gnek myth axe ied to Mycerae.
the ety of Mycenae oda
founded by the Greek hero uoho
behegolad Medayja The Mycenatan kig Ag me mmom
insaded.y duzing he
 thouçh thex ase no his torical
66

Homes's
seonds of a Mycenaean ing of Hhat name.

Euonzee Callapce
The Bxonz Age endd absugtly axouro Ip00 Bc.
-nean
theEuroeMidl East. North Alsica and neikig
Histox îans don't knou to Sure ohat
Caused the bron2e Age, collapse bul many belere
the taniion Suden, Violent and Oealhuraly
diszuptive.
Major Baonze Aye atvilzaton, ireludiy
Mycenaean Geece the HFIle Empise in Turkey
an Ancient Eay pt fell ithin a Shost peic
lime. AAAent cite wexe obandoned tmde
TouBes lost and lexacy delincd tiaoyghoh
the seaton
Scholars belée v a conmþinalfon o,raunal
have hught doun
calauloghe may OAcheolopica ovidance u
broughdousn evexal Bnonze
'succemi on evere doug ht in the o eeoeAexn
Mediterzanean epion over a 150-year pesico som
1250 to prominenty n
the collapse.Eazthquaku
Easthqunku Paming sociopoliftal unyed
andinvasion.
played role.
nomadic tmdes may ao have