DOI:10.47904/IJSKIT.11.3.2021.

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SKIT Research Journal Vol 11 Issue Proc.-1 (2021) ISSN 2278-2508 (P) 2454-9673(O)

A Review Paper on 5G Wireless Technology

Suman Sharma1, Richa Sharma1, Kriti Sharma2
1
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology,
Management & Gramothan, Jaipur, Rajasthan (INDIA)
2
Deptt. of IT, ACEIT, (RTU), Jaipur (INDIA)
Email: suman.sharma.csit@skit.ac.in, sharmaricha670@gmail.com, kriti4u39@gmail.com
Received 12.02.2021, Received in revised form 19.03.2021, Accepted 29.03.2021

Abstract— The in-depth exploration in the era of 2. THE EVOLUTION OF GENERATIONS

fifth generation (5G) witreless network technology is a FROM 0 TO 5TH GENERATION
sign of technical revolution to joint up with the
demands and requirements for very fast speed 0G WIRELESS SYSTEM: In the late of year
communication and applications which are based on
Internet of Thing (IoT) as well. IoT devices and the
1940, the first ever radio telephone service
mobile phone technology supports the 5G technology came into picture. It was created for
to invent with distinct facilities like the smart city, communicating between the callers in four wheelers
smart building and many more that will need an to the land-line connected telephone network.
antenna with 5th Generation technology, with reduced During the year 1960’s, the new technology called
latency, minimum path loss and steady pattern of Improved Mobile Telephone Service (IMTS) which
radiation. This paper provides a deep study of various was a system started by Bell Systems brought some
characteristics of all the wireless generations with their of the changes like Direct Dialing and a large
salient characteristics along with 5G technology. bandwidth. In the late1960’s and early 1970’s,
IMTS was the main technology on which the very
Keywords—5G technology, Internet of Thing (IoT),
latency, low path loss, radiation pattern Introduction.
first analog systems were based upon.[2]

1. INTRODUCTION 1G WIRELESS SYSTEM: These system

usesnetworks analogy signals. A very high
The entire world has witnessed a number of frequency which is near to approximately 150 MHz
developments in the field of Communication. In the was used for voice modulation.
last few years, drastic development of wireless Analog cell phones of 1st generation which are
services and technologies has contributed a lot in having a speed limited up to2.4 kbps, allow the
forming our economic system and society. The callers to initiate voice calls in one country. The
world has turned towards digitized format, from salient features of 1G standard are:
services that are using voice only applications to * Advanced Mobile Phone System referred as
wireless broadband connectivity, from second AMPS
Generation to fourth Geneartion and even after this *Nordic Mobile Telephone referred as NMT [2].
also [1]. New development in technology not only
supports but also extends the limits of easy to use 2G WIRELESS SYSTEM: These wireless systems
policies giving authorization to a number of users are commercially launched on the standards of GSM
and uses. It is correct in view of fifth Generation (1991). 30 to 200 KHz is the bandwidth used by 2G
technologies which permits larger bands of Wireless system. 2G networks allows for a lot more
spectrum for quality purposes than many previous penetration intensity. E.g. GPRS, CDMA[2].
wireless generations. It also provides the facility of SMS (Short Message
The next offered main phase of mobile phone Service).
telecommunication standards in the Fifth Generation
wireless networktechnology are beyond the present 3G WIRELESS SYSTEM: These type of wireless
Fourth Generation/IMT Advanced standards. Along system makes use of technology of Code Division
with a number of improvements 5G planning carries Multiple Access and Time Division Multiple
The speed of Internet connectivity is very fast as Access. In computer networking and mobile devices
compared to current 4G. area 3G came into the use (WCDMA, WLAN and
The Fifth Generation smartphone mixed media Bluetooth) (cell phone and GPS) in 2005. In terms
networks of internet can be entirely communicated of spectral efficiency, 3G technology is far better
wirelessly without any major constraints that creates than 2G technology. Transmission speed is from
a complete real world wirelessly known as World 125 kbps to 2 Mbps. Packet switching is the main
Wide Wireless Web (WWW). It is based on 4G technology through whichData is sent. The main
technologies. feature of 3G Wireless systems is very high clarity
in Voice calls and Access to Global Roaming[2].

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SKIT Research Journal Vol 11 Issue Proc.-1 (2021) ISSN 2278-2508 (P) 2454-9673(O)

4G WIRELESS SYSTEM: These type of wireless 5: End to End latency has been lowered, 6:
systems should be able to provide a smooth connectivity to the massive device,
worldwide roaming with 4G Mobile Phones. 4G
provides both the cellular and multimedia services 3. SALIENT FEATURES OF 5G
everywhere in the world. Nowadays with 4G, the
mobile TV provider redirects or gives the facility of  5G wireless technology offers the increased
TV channel directly and completely to the resolution for intensemobile phone on daily basis
subscriber's phone where it can be watched. One of and gives user’sgood and better connectivity to
the main featuresof 4G Technology is Video on Internet.
demand on the subscriber's phone. Video  Billing limits in advance are provided by 5G
conferencing facility allows subscribers to watch technology that is why this technology will be
and communicate with each other. Using more successful in the modern era.
telecommunication, one can also have medical  5G technology provides mobile phone users,
advice. Salient features like Mobile ultra-broadband mobile records easily available for better
(gigabit speed) access and also good multi-carrier printingtasks.
transmission [2] is also available in 4G wireless  5G wireless technology allows for huge volume
systems. data spread in Gigabits.
4G provides few same features as Third Generation  More accurate and reliable results are obtained
along with some important applications like Multi- by the information that is provided from the data
Media Newspapers, enables users to watch T.V transfer by 5G technology.
programs with good visually and clarity and send  Applying technology named as remote control
Data with a lot more high speed than the other one can getan easy and comfortable 5G access in
previous generations [3] less time.
 Virtual and particularwireless networkis also
5G WIRELESS SYSTEM: Huge consortiums of
supported by 5G technology
much more significant worldwide
 5G Technology provides a faster upload and data
telecommunication are progressing to create
download speed as compared to previous
universal values across Fifth generation wireless
generations.
network technology. Despite a lot of these standards
don’t get hardened, experts of this field yet  The 5G wireless technology provides a
betterinternet connectivity all around the world.
anticipate it to be more suited with Fourth
Generation and third Generation. With the increase  Wireless technology of 5G network is authentic
in growth of demand of the users and callers and high speed [4].
exponentially, Fourth Generation wireless
technology can be easily substituted with Fifth 4. 5G MERITS AND DEMERITS
Generation technology with a new advanced access
technology named as Beam Division Multiple 4.1 Merits of 5G Technology
Access i.e. BDMA and or Filter Bank multi carrier There are a number ofmerits of 5G technology as
abbreviated as FBMC multiple access. By listed below
considering the matter of the base station which is  Excessive resolution and two directionhuge
having communication with the mobile stations, bandwidth [8].
there lies the main concept behind BDMA  5G wireless network Technology has the ability
technique. An orthogonal beam is given to each and to collect all wireless networks on a single
and every mobile station and by using Beam platform.
Division Multiple Access technique one can divide  5G Technology is highly efficient than other
that antenna beam according to locations of the counterpart technologies.
mobile stations for openhanded multiple accesses to  5G wireless network will ease the subscriber
the mobile stations, that will definitely increase the supervision methods for the fasteractivity.
competency of the5G system and thus this is  This technology will offer a vast broadcasting
observed as the important and main process of data in the units of Gigabit that will help 60,000
BDMA communication. plusconnections.
Few of the reasons to turnin the direction of 5G  Compatible with the earlier wirelessgenerations.
wireless systems are based on the present scenarios.  5G network is highly sound to provide support
The hindrances that are not looked upon in 4G to heterogeneous resources (including private
technology can be tackled by 5G cellular networks network) technologically.
perfectly. These are  Possible to offer constant, uninterrupted, and
1: Higher capacity continuousinternet connectivity worldwide [9].
2: Larger data rate  5G technology very well supports Artificial
3: Lowered cost Intelligence applications [10].
4: Consistent Quality

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4.2 5G Demerits Instrumentation and Innovation Sciences,Volume3, Issue

2,MAT journals..
Though, 5G wireless network technology is [3] Akhilesh Kumar Pachauri, Ompal Singh, “5G Technology –
exploredand its concepts are there to resolve the Redefining wireless Communication in upcoming years” by
existing radio frequency based transmissionissues International Journal of Computer Science and Management
and major hardships of cell phone world, still due to Research Aug (2012) Volume 1 Issue 1 ISSN 2278 –
733X.K.
some of the security reasons and need of [4] Meenal G. Kachhavay, Ajay P. Thakare, “5G Technology-
technological enhancement in majority of the Evolution and Revolution” International Journal of
geographical regions, it has underlyingdemerits Computer Science and Mobile Computing,
 The research on viability of 5G Technology is March(2014).Volume 3 Issue.3,Pg. no. 1-4.
[5] Anwar M. Mousa “Prospective of Fifth Generation Mobile
currently ongoing. Communications” International Journal of Next-Generation
 The internet accessing speed of 5Gwireless Networks (IJNGN),September (2012),Volume 4, No.3,Pg
network technology is still difficult to attain in no. 94-97.
nearby future, due to the inefficient [6] Akhil Gupta, Rakesh Kumar Jha “A Survey of 5G Network:
Architecture and Emerging Technologies” IEEE
technological network support worldwide. Letters,(2015), 2169-3536 (c)
 A large number of the earlier used devices will [7] Rakesh Kumar Singh , Deepika Bisht and R.C. Prasad,
be inefficient to 5G technology, hence, each one “Development of 5G Mobile Network Technology and Its
of them will be required to be exchanged with Architecture” International Journal of Recent trends in
engineering and Research, (2017), Volume-3, issue -10, pp:
newer versions. 196-201.
 Huge amount ofcost is required to develop [8] Jivesh Govil, Jivika Govil, “5G: Functionalities
infrastructure needs. development and an Analysis of Mobile Wireless Grid”,
First International Conference on Emerging Trends in
 5G wireless network technology needs to Engineering and Technology.
address the issues related to security and data [9] VWS Wong, LC Wang “Key Technologies for 5G Wireless
privacy. Systems”, (2017).
[10] Yejian Chen; Mark Doll, “Enhanced Control Signal and
Data Detection for 5G Multicarrier Low Power
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