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PREVIOUS QUESTIONS XI 2012-2024 : Chapter 7 - Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

1Mark Questions 15. Which of the following is not related with
light-reaction?
1. C4 cycle is so called because of the presence of a a) Light absorption b) Water splitting
C4 acid.
a) Name the C4 acid. c) Biosynthesis of glucose 2024 Model

b) Name the leaf anatomy present in C4

plants. 2014 Imp.

2. The reaction centre of photosystems in green

plants during light reaction is............
a) Xanthophyll b) Carotenoids
c) Chlorophyll b d) Chlorophyll a
2016 March

3. An enzyme present in plants, which shows

carboxylation and oxygenation activity. Identify
the enzyme. 2017 Imp.

4. Choose the correct answer.

Law of limiting factors is proposed by,
a) CorneliusVanNiel b) Blackman
c) Joseph Priestley d) Engelmann
2018 Model

5. Choose the correct answer from the bracket.

First stable product of carbondioxide fixation
in C4 palnt is...
(PGA, OAA, PEP, RUBP) 2018 March

6. Observe the relationship between first two 2 Marks Questions

terms and fill in the blank.
C4 plants : PEPcase 1. An anatomist observed a peculiar type of large
C3 plants : ................. 2018 Imp. spherical bundle sheath cells in sugarcane leaf
and a physiologist identified the presence of
7. Choose the correct answer. PEP carboxylase in that leaf mesophyll.
The primary acceptor of carbon a) Name the peculiar leaf anatomy
dioxide(CO2) in C3 plants : b) Explain the physiological advantages of
(a) PEP (b) RuBP such type of plants. 2012 March
(c) PGA (d) OAA 2019 Model
2. 'Photorespiration is a curse to plants'
8. Name the special type of anatomy present in C4 a) Evaluate this statement.
plants. 2022 Model b) Find the reason for this event to
takeplace. 2012 March
9. Observe the first pair and fill the blank.
Light reaction: Grana 3. 'There is a clear division of labour within the
Dark reaction: ___________ 2022 June chloroplast.'
Substantiate the given statement with an
10. Name the site of Dark Reaction in Chloroplast. explanation stating two points. 2015 March
2022 Imp

11. Name the enzyme present in plants which 4. Photosynthesis can be considered as the most
shows carboxylation and oxygenation activity. significant physicochemical process on earth.
2023 Model Evaluate this statement citing any two
significances. 2015 March
12. Fill in the blank:
5. C4 plants have special features. List out any
The site of dark reaction in photosynthesis four specialities of C4 plants compared to C3
is ________ part of chloroplast. 2023 March plants. 2015 March

13. Write the name of the first stable compound 6. Write any four peculiarities of 'Z scheme'
formed during C 4 pathway. 2023 Imp electron transport in light reaction. 2015 Imp.

14. Choose the correct answer from the following : 7. Name the following in C4 pathway in C4 plants:
Leaf anatomy,
Which of the following is the major pigment Primary CO2 acceptor,
of Photosynthesis ? Enzyme responsible for primary CO2 -
(a) Chlorophyll-a (b) Chlorophyll-b fixation,
(c) Xanthophyll (d) Carotenoids First C4 acid formed in mesophyll cells.
2023 Imp 2015 Imp.

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PREVIOUS QUESTIONS XI 2012-2024 : Chapter 7 - Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

8. Light reaction involve cyclic and non-cyclic 16.Plants that are adapted to dry tropical regions
electron transport. Classify the features given have the C4 pathway. Write any two
below under the above stages of light reaction. advantages of C4 plants over C3 plants. 2019 Imp.
a) Only pigment system I is involved
17.RuBisCO is the most abundant enzyme in the
b) ATP and NADPH are formed
plant world. How does RuBisCO involve in
c) Splitting of water occurs 2019 Imp.
photorespiration ?
d) Only ATP is formed
Cyclic electron Non-cyclic electron 18.Plants that are adapted to dry tropical regions
transport transport have the C4 pathway. Write any two advantages
of C4 plants. 2020 Model

19.Define "The law of limiting factors". Write any

2016 Imp. two external factors which directly affect the
9. Chemiosmosis theory of photosynthesis rate of photosynthesis. 2020 Model
requires a proton gradient for ATP synthesis to 20.Analyse the table given below and fill in the
occur. Explain any two events that causes blanks a, b, c, d.
proton gradient. 2016 Imp.
Cyclic Non-cyclic
Process
10.An important difference between C3 and C4 photophosphorylation photophosphorylation

plants is photorespiration. Explain how Movement of Cyclic _____(a)______

electrons
photorespiration occurs in C3 plants.
2017 March Number of
photosystems
_____(b)______ _____(c)______
11.Define Blackman's law of limiting factors and
Splitting of _____(d)______ Present
identify any two important factors which water
2020 March
influence the rate of photosynthesis in plants.
2017 March
21.Observe the given figure showing C4 pathway.
12.Certain thylakoid pigments are called accessory
pigments. Name them. Write their significance.
2019 March

13.Match the items of column A with B.

A B
a) Reduction i) Formation of oxygen
b) Photolysis ii) Formation of 3-PGA
c) Photorespiration iii) Formation of PEP
d) Carboxylation iv) Formation of glucose
Formation of
v)
phosphoglycolate
2019 March
(a) Identify the cells A and B.
14.Observe the figure given below. (b) Name the C4 acid formed through this
pathway.
Identify the parts a, b. (c) Name the enzyme involved in the
Write their functions. formation of C4 acid. 2020 March
22. Notice the three stages of Calvin cycle given
2019 March below.
15.C4 plants have a special leaf anatomy. Name Reduction, Regeneration,
that anatomy. Write three peculiarities of this Carboxylation
kind of anatomy. 2019 March
(a) Arrange the above stages in correct
order.
(b) Calvin cycle is also known as C3 cycle
(pathway). Give reason.
2020 March
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PREVIOUS QUESTIONS XI 2012-2024 : Chapter 7 - Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

23.Analyse the table and fill in the blanks. 31. Write any two events take place in z-scheme of
light reaction. 2021 Sept.
Charateristics C3 Plants C4 Plants
32. The Calvin cycle represents the main events in
Primary CO2 _____(a)______
acceptor PEP Dark reaction.
Primary CO2 (a) Name the three main stages of Calvin
fixation product _____(b)______ OAA cycle.
(b) What is the main product of Calvin
Leaf anatomy Normal anatomy _____(c)_____
cycle ? 2021 Sept.

Example Hibiscus _____(d)_____

33. Calvin cycle or C3 cycle in photosynthesis have
2020 Imp. 3 stages.
(a)Identify the three stages of Calvin cycle.
24.Light reaction and dark reaction are the two (b)Which is the primary CO2 acceptor in
stages of photosynthesis. Write the differences Calvin cycle ? 2021 Imp.
between light reaction and dark reaction.
2020 Imp. 34. List out any two characteristic features of C4
25. Write any two differences between Cyclic and plants. 2021 Imp.
Non-cyclic photophosphorylation. 2021 Model 35. Given below are some features of cyclic and
26. (a) Write the name of two phases of non-cyclic photophosphorylation. List out the
Photosynthesis. features of non-cyclic photophosphorylation
(b) Which are the sites of these phases in from the hints provided.
chloroplast ? 2021 Model (a) NADPH and ATP formed.
(b) Only one photo system involved.
27. Observe the figure of Calvin cycle given below: (c) Splitting of water occurs.
(a) Write the name of three major events (d) Both photosystems involved.
marked as A, B and C. (e) Only ATP is formed.
(b) Find out the name of first CO2 acceptor (f) Oxygen is evolved. 2021 Imp.
given in the figure.
36. Accessory pigments are involved in the process
of photosynthesis.
(a)Name any two accessory pigments.
(b)Write any one function of accessory
pigment. 2021 Imp.

37. List out any four external factors affecting

2021 Model
photosynthesis. 2022 Model

38. Plants adapted to dry tropical regions exhibit

28. (a) What is ‘Kranz’ anatomy ? C4 pathway.
(b) Write two examples of plants that exhibit (a) Name the first CO2 acceptor in C4 Pathway.
‘Kranz’ anatomy. 2021 Model
(b) Which is the first stable product formed in
C4 Pathway ?
29. Light reaction is a process involved in 2022 June
photosynthesis.
(a) What is light reaction ? 39.Features of Cyclic and Non-Cyclic photo-
(b) Where does it take place ? 2021 Sept. phosphorylation is given below. Arrange them
under two headings
30. In some plants that are adapted to dry tropical (i) Splitting of water takes place.
region have the C4 pathway.
(a) Name the special type of anatomy seen (ii) Splitting of water absent.
in C4 plants. (iii) Both ATP and NADPH are synthesized.
(b) List out any two plants that shows C4 (iv) ATP alone is synthesized. 2022 Imp
pathway. 2021 Sept.

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PREVIOUS QUESTIONS XI 2012-2024 : Chapter 7 - Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

40. a) Which is the special leaf anatomy seen in C4
plants?
b) Productivity and yield are better in C4
plants than C3 plants. Why? 2023 Model

41. Some characteristic features of C3 and C4 plants

are given below:
•Kranz anatomy absent
•Lack photorespiration
•First product of CO2 fixation is PGA
•Primary CO2 acceptor is PEP
Arrange them as follows:
C3 Plants C4 Plants
• •
• •
2023 March

42. (a) Identify and write the process given in the

picture.
(b) Where does it take place in chloroplast ?

2023 Imp

43. Label the parts A, B, C, D in the given diagram.

2023 2nd term

44. Define law of limiting factors.Write two 3 Marks Questions
external factors that directly affect the rate of 1. Light reaction of photosynthesis is divided into
photosynthesis. 2023 2nd term
two processes.In one process the electrons
45. a) Define Blackman's law of limiting factors. emitted will return to the place from where it
b) Write the external factors which affect rate is emitted.
of photosynthesis. 2024 Model a) What are the names of these two
46. a) What is photorespiration? processes?
b) Photorespiration does not occur in C4 plants. b) What happens to the electrons in the
Why? 2024 Model
second phase?
c)Explain it with schematic representation.
2013 Imp.

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PREVIOUS QUESTIONS XI 2012-2024 : Chapter 7 - Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

2. RuBisCo is an enzyme that catalyse two 9. Arrange the following events in the
entirely different processes. appropriate boxes.
a) Which are the a) Formation of ATP and NADPH2.
processes? b) Only photosystem I is functional.
b) In which process, c) Formation of ATP only.
chloroplast alone is d) Both photosystem I and photosystem II
used as cell are involved.
organelle? e) Splitting of water.
c) Label the parts A, B, C, D in the given diagram. f) No oxygen release.
2013 Imp.
Cyclic Non-cyclic
3. The light reaction of photosynthesis is divided photophosphorylation photophosphorylation
into two reactions. They are cyclic and non-
cyclic photophosphorylation. Mention any
three difference between cyclic and non-cyclic
reactions. 2014 Imp. 2018 Imp.

4. a) Name the special type of leaf anatomy 10.Salient features of light reaction and dark
shown by C4 plants. reaction of photosynthesis are given below.
b) Illustrate the major advantages of C4 plants Arrange them in corresponding columns.
over C3 plants. 2016 March Take place in Stroma.
5. Observe the given figure and describe the Photochemical phase.
process of ATP synthesis ATP and NADPH are utilised.
Biosynthetic phase.
ATP and NADPH are produced.
Take place in Grana.
Light reaction Dark reaction

2019 Model

11.Diagrammatic representation of Hatch and

2017 Imp.
Slack pathway is shown below.
6. Photophosphorylation takes place during Analyse the figure.
photosynthesis.
a)Name the types of photophosphorylation. (a) Name the cells
b) Distinguish between them. involved in this
(Hint: Any two differences) 2017 Imp. pathway.
7. Observe the diagrammatic representation of (b) Identify the special
Hatch and Slack pathway given below. type of anatomy
present in the leaves of
Identify the cells A C4 pants.
and B. (c) Name two plants
Explain the which show Hatch and
process of Slack pathway.
2019 Model
formation of C4
12.Transport of electrons through ETS of the
acid specifying chloroplast results photophosphorylation.
the enzyme Write any three differences between cyclic and
involved. non-cyclic photophosphorylations.
2019 Imp.
2018 Model
13.C4 plants have large cells around the vascular
8. Photosynthesis is a process influenced by bundles of leaves called bundle sheath cells.
environmental factors as well as plant factors. (a) What is this anatomy called?
Mention three factors under each category. (b) Write any two features of bundle-
2018 March sheath cells. 2020 Model

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PREVIOUS QUESTIONS XI 2012-2024 : Chapter 7 - Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

14. Melvin Calvin discovered CO2 fixation in green 22. Some features of light reaction and dark
plants. reaction of photosynthesis are given below.
(a) Which are the three main stages of Arrange them in corresponding columns.
Calvin cycle? * Biosynthetic phase
(b) Name the enzyme catalysing first stage * Photochemical phase
of this cycle. * ATP and NADPH are utilised
(c) What is the peculiarity of this enzyme? * Take place in stroma
2020 Imp. * ATP and NADPH are produced
15.Observe the given diagram of LHC. * Take place in grana
a) Name the pigment that Light reaction Dark reaction
forms the reaction centre.
b)Name any one accessory
2024 Model
pigment involved in
photosynthesis.
c) Mention the function of
accessory pigment. 2022 Model

16. Write any three differences between cyclic and

non-cyclic photophosphorylation. 2022 June

17. The leaf anatomy of C4 plants is different from

other plants.
(a) Name this anatomy
(b) Write any two advantages of C4 plants
2022 Imp

18. Photophosphorylation takes place during

photosynthesis.
a) Name the two types of photophosphorylations.
b) Mention the differences between them.
2023 Model

19. Write any 3 external and internal features that

affect photosynthesis. 2023 March

20. (a) What is the name of special kind of leaf

anatomy seen in C4 plants ?
(b) Which are the two types of cells seen in
this anatomy ?
(c) Why do C4 plants have better productivity
and yield than C3 plants ? 2023 Imp

21.Write any three differences between cyclic and

non-cyclic photophosphorylation. 2023 2nd term

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PREVIOUS QUESTIONS XI 2012-2024 : Chapter 7 - Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

4 Marks Questions
1. Light reaction and dark reaction are the two
stages of photosynthesis.
a) Where does light reaction occurs?
b) What are its end products?
c) Comment on their roles in dark reaction.
2012 Imp.

2. C4 plants are adapted to overcome a wasteful

process found in C3 plants and hence
productivity and yields are better in these
plants.
a) Name the wasteful process found in C3
plants.
b) Identify the cells involved in C4 pathway.
c) Write any two differences between C3
plants and C4 plants. 2013 March

3. Light reaction is otherwise called

photophosphorylation.
a) Justify the statement.
b) Locate the site of this reaction.
c) Write any two differences between cyclic
photophosphorylation and non-cyclic
photophosphorylation. 2013 March

4. Plants that are adapted to dry tropical regions

have a special type of CO2 fixation in addition
to C3 cycle.
a) Name this pathway.
b) Can you identify any speciality in the
leaf anatomy of such plants? If so, what
is this anatomy called?
c) Which is the primary CO2 acceptor in
this pathway?
d) Write any one advantage of such plants
over C3 plants. 2014 March Answer key
5. The use of radioactive C14 by Melvin Calvin in 1Mark Questions
algal photosynthesis studies led to the 1. a) Oxaloacetic acid/OAA
discovery of CO2 fixation in green plants. b) Kranz anatomy
2. d) Chlorophyll a
a) Identify the first stable product in this
3. RuBisCO/RuBP carboxylase-oxygenase.
CO2 fixation cycle. 4. b) Blackman
b) Which are the three main stages of this 5. OAA
cycle? 6. RuBisCO/RuBP carboxylase-oxygenase.
c) Workout how many ATP and NADPH 7. (b) RuBP
8. Kranz anatomy
molecules will be required to make one 9. Stroma
molecule of glucose. 2014 March 10. Stroma
11. RuBisCO/RuBP carboxylase-oxygenase.
12. Stroma
13. Oxaloacetic acid/OAA
14. (a) Chlorophyll-a
15. c) Biosynthesis of glucose
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11. If a chemical process is affected by more than

one factor, then its rate will be determined by
the factor which is available to its minimal
value.
Light/temperature/CO2 concentration/water/
number, size, age and orientation of leaves/
mesophyll cells and chloroplasts/ internal CO2
concentration /the amount of chlorophyll.
(any 2)
12. Chlorophyll b, xanthophylls and carotenoids
2 Marks Questions Absorb light and transfer the energy to
chlorophyll a and protect chlorophyll a from
1. a) Kranz anatomy
b) Photorespiration doesnot takeplace, photo-oxidation.
Can tolerate high temperature and high light 13.
intensity, Increased productivity A B
2. a) During photorespiration CO2 is released and a) Reduction iv) Formation of glucose
no ATP or NADPH is synthesised. ATP is
utilized b) Photolysis i) Formation of oxygen
b) In C3 plants, under certain conditions O2 bind c) Photorespiration Formation of
to RuBisCO and thus CO2 fixation is blocked. v) phosphoglycolate
3. Grana of chloroplast - Light reaction
Stroma of chloroplast - Dark reaction d) Carboxylation ii) Formation of 3-PGA
4. Photosynthesis is the process through which
solar energy is trapped and converted into 14. a. Grana - trapping the light energy and
chemical energy. This energy is the basis for synthesis of ATP and NADPH(Light-
running life on earth. reaction/ Photochemical reaction)
5. Photorespiration absent, Can tolerate high light
intensity and high temperature, Kranz anatomy b. Stroma - enzymatic reactions synthesise
present, High productivity sugar (Dark reaction/Biosynthetic phase)
6. Movement of electron is not cyclic/PS I and PS 15. Kranz anatomy
II are involved/ATP and NADPH are produced/ The bundle sheath cells form several layers
Photolysis or splitting of water occur/Release of around the vascular bundles/ the cells have a
oxygen(any 4) large number of chloroplasts/ thick walls
7. Leaf anatomy - Kranz anatomy impervious to gases/no intercellular spaces
Primary CO2 acceptor - PEP(Phpsphoenol (any 3)
pyruvic acid) 16. Photorespiration absent/Can tolerate high
Enzyme responsible for primary CO2 light intensity and high temperature/ Kranz
fixation - PEPcase(PEP carboxylase) anatomy present/High productivity (any 2)
First C4 acid formed in mesophyll cells - 17. In C3 plants some O2bind to RuBisCO, and form
OAA(Oxaloacetic acid) one molecule each of phosphoglycerate and
8. phosphoglycolate. It results in the release of
Cyclic electron Non-cyclic electron CO2 with the utilisation of ATP.
transport transport 18. Photorespiration absent/Can tolerate high
light intensity and high temperature/ Kranz
a) Only pigment b) ATP and NADPH anatomy present/High productivity (any 2)
system I is involved are formed 19. If a chemical process is affected by more than
d) Only ATP is c) Splitting of water one factor, then its rate will be determined by
formed occurs the factor which is available to its minimal
value.
9. Protons released by splitting of water Light/temperature/CO2 concentration/water/
accumulate within the lumen of the thylakoids/ number, size, age and orientation of leaves/
As electrons move through the photosystems, mesophyll cells and chloroplasts/ internal CO2
protons are transported across the membrane/ concentration /the amount of chlorophyll.
To reduce NADP + to NADPH+ H+, protons are (any 2)
taken from the stroma.(any 2) 20. (a) Non-cyclic (b) One (c) Two (d) Absent
21. (a) A. Mesophyll cells B. Bundle sheath cells
10. In C3 plants some O2bind to RuBisCO, and form (b) Oxaloacetic acid/OAA
one molecule each of phosphoglycerate and (c) PEPcase(PEP carboxylase)
phosphoglycolate. In the photorespiration 22. (a) Carboxylation, Reduction, Regeneration
there is neither synthesis of sugars, (b) The first product of CO2 fixation is a C3 acid
23. (a) RuBP (b) 3-phosphoglyceric acid(3-PGA)
nor of ATP. Rather it results in the release of (c) Kranz anatomy (d) Maize/Sorghum
CO2 with the utilisation of ATP.
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24. Light reaction Dark reaction 35. (a) NADPH and ATP formed. (c) Splitting of
Solar energy is ATP & NADPH water occurs. (d) Both photosystems involved.
trapped and ATP are utilised (f) Oxygen is evolved.
& NADPH are
formed
36. (a) Chlorophyll b, xanthophylls, carotenoids
Sunlight is Sunlight not (any 2)
directly involved directly involved (b) Absorb light and transfer the energy to
Takesplace in Takesplace in chlorophyll a, help to utilize a wider range
thylakoid stroma of of wavelength of incoming light, protect
membrane of chloroplast chlorophyll a from photo-oxidation. (any 2)
chloroplast
Pigments are Pigments are not
37. Light, temperature, CO2 concentration, water
involved involved
38. (a) PEP(Phpsphoenol pyruvic acid)
(b) Oxaloacetic acid/OAA
25. Cyclic Non-cyclic 39.
photophosphorylation photophosphorylation Cyclic Non-cyclic
photophosphorylation photophosphorylation
Electrons move Movement of
(ii) Splitting of water (i) Splitting of water
cyclically electrons is non-
absent. takes place.
cyclic
(iv) ATP alone is (iii) Both ATP and
Only PS I involved Both PS I and PS II
synthesized. NADPH are
involved
synthesized.
ATP synthesised ATP & NADPH
synthesised 40. (a) Kranz anatomy
No splitting of water Splitting of water (b) Photorespiration absent, Can tolerate high
and release of and release of light intensity and high temperature
oxygen oxygen 41.
C3 Plants C4 Plants
Takesplace in stroma Takesplace in grana
lamella lamella Kranz anatomy Lack
absent photorespiration
(any 2) (any 2)
First product of Primary CO
26. (a) Light reaction/Photochemical phase CO2 fixation is acceptor is PEP
2
Dark reaction/Biosynthetic phase PGA
(b) Light reaction - Grana
42. (a) Cyclic photophosphorylation
Dark reaction - Stroma
(b) Thylakoid (Stroma lamella)
27. (a) A. Carboxylation B. Reduction
43. A. Stroma lamella B. Granum(Grana lamella)
C. Regeneration
C. Stroma D. Ribosomes
(b) Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate/RuBP
28. (a) The bundle sheath cells form several layers 44. If a chemical process is affected by more than
around the vascular bundles, the cells have one factor, then its rate will be determined by
a large number of chloroplasts, thick walls the factor which is available to its minimal
impervious to gases and without value.
intercellular spaces.
(b) Maize, Sorghum Light/temperature/CO2 concentration/water/
29. (a) In light reaction solar energy is trapped (any 2)
with the help of pigments and ATP & 45. a) If a chemical process is affected by more
NADPH are synthesised than one factor, then its rate will be
(b) Grana of chloroplast determined by the factor which is available
30. (a) Kranz anatomy to its minimal value.
(b) Maize, Sorghum b) Light, temperature, CO2 concentration, water
31. ATP & NADPH synthesised/Splitting of 46. a) In C3 plants some O2bind to RuBisCO, and
water(photolysis)/release of oxygen (any 2) form one molecule each of phosphoglycerate
32. (a) Carboxylation, Reduction, Regeneration and phosphoglycolate. This process is called
(b) Glucose photorespiration
33. (a) Carboxylation, Reduction, Regeneration b) C4 plants have a special leaf anatomy called
(b) Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate/RuBP Kranz anatomy which prevents O2 binding
34. Photorespiration absent, Can tolerate high light with RuBisCO and increase intracellular CO2
intensity and high temperature, Kranz anatomy concentration .
present, High productivity(any 2) -9-
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3 Marks Questions 7. A. Mesophyll cells B. Bundle sheath cells

Phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP), a 3-carbon
1. a) Cyclic photophosphorylation and Non-cyclic molecule present in the mesophyll cells
photophosphorylation combines with CO2 to form Oxaloacetic acid/
b) Electrons moves to PS I OAA, a C4 acid. The enzyme responsible for this
c) Diagram - refer text fixation is PEP carboxylase or PEPcase.
2. a) Carboxylation(C3 cycle) and Oxygenation 8. External factors : Light, temperature,
(Photorespiration) CO2 concentration, water (any 3)
b) Carboxylation(C3 cycle) Plant factors : number, size, age and orientation
of leaves, mesophyll cells and chloroplasts,
c) A. Stroma lamella B. Granum internal CO2 concentration, the amount of
C. Stroma D. Starch granule chlorophyll.(any 3)
3. Cyclic Non-cyclic 9. Cyclic Non-cyclic
photophosphorylation photophosphorylation photophosphorylation photophosphorylation
Electrons move Movement of b) Only photosystem a) Formation of ATP
cyclically electrons is non- I is functional. and NADPH2.
cyclic c) Formation of ATP d)Both photosystem
Only PS I involved Both PS I and PS II only. I and photosystem
involved f) No oxygen release. II are involved.
ATP synthesised ATP & NADPH e) Splitting of water.
synthesised
No splitting of water Splitting of water 10.
Light reaction Dark reaction
and release of and release of
oxygen oxygen Photochemical Take place in
Takesplace in stroma Takesplace in grana phase. Stroma.
lamella lamella ATP and NADPH are ATP and NADPH are
(any 3) (any 3) produced. utilised.
Take place in Grana. Biosynthetic phase.
4. a) Kranz anatomy
b) Photorespiration absent, Can tolerate high 11. (a) Mesophyll cells and Bundle sheath cells
light intensity and high temperature, Kranz
anatomy present, High productivity (b) Kranz anatomy
(c) Maize, Sorghum
5. Chemiosmotic Hypothesis explains
12. Cyclic Non-cyclic
accumulation of protons in the lumen of
photophosphorylation photophosphorylation
thylakoid forming a proton gradient. Protons
released by splitting of water accumulate within Electrons move Movement of
the lumen of the thylakoids. As electrons move cyclically electrons is non-
through the photosystems, protons are cyclic
transported across the membrane. To reduce Only PS I involved Both PS I and PS II
NADP + to NADPH+ H+, protons are taken from involved
the stroma. When the protons move from the ATP synthesised ATP & NADPH
lumen to the stroma through ATP synthase synthesised
enzyme ATP is synthesised. No splitting of water Splitting of water
6. a) Cyclic photophosphorylation and Non-cyclic and release of and release of
photophosphorylation oxygen oxygen
b) photophosphorylation
Cyclic Non-cyclic Takesplace in stroma Takesplace in grana
photophosphorylation
Electrons move Movement of
lamella lamella
cyclically electrons is non- (any 3) (any 3)
cyclic
Only PS I involved Both PS I and PS II

ATP synthesised
involved
ATP & NADPH
13. (a) Kranz anatomy
synthesised (b) The bundle sheath cells form several layers
No splitting of water Splitting of water around the vascular bundles, the cells have
and release of
oxygen
and release of
oxygen
a large number of chloroplasts, thick walls
Takesplace in stroma Takesplace in grana impervious to gases and without
lamella lamella intercellular spaces. (any 2)
(any 2) (any 2)
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14. (a) Carboxylation, Reduction, Regeneration 20. (a) Kranz anatomy

(b) RuBP carboxylase-oxygenase or RuBisCO. (b) Mesophyll cells and Bundle sheath cells
(c) It catalyses carboxylation and oxygenation (c) Photorespiration absent, Can tolerate high
light intensity and high temperature, Kranz
15. a) Chlorophyll a anatomy present
b) Chlorophyll b, xanthophylls and carotenoids
(any 1) 21. Cyclic Non-cyclic
c) Absorb light and transfer the energy to photophosphorylation photophosphorylation
chlorophyll a and protect chlorophyll a from Electrons move Movement of
photo-oxidation. cyclically electrons is non-
16. Cyclic Non-cyclic cyclic
photophosphorylation photophosphorylation Only PS I involved Both PS I and PS II
Electrons move Movement of involved
cyclically electrons is non- ATP synthesised ATP & NADPH
cyclic synthesised
Only PS I involved Both PS I and PS II No splitting of water Splitting of water
involved and release of and release of
ATP synthesised ATP & NADPH oxygen oxygen
synthesised Takesplace in stroma Takesplace in grana
No splitting of water Splitting of water lamella lamella
and release of and release of (any 3) (any 3)
oxygen oxygen
22.
Takesplace in stroma Takesplace in grana Light reaction Dark reaction
lamella lamella
(any 3) (any 3) Photochemical Biosynthetic phase
phase ATP and NADPH are
17. (a) Kranz anatomy ATP and NADPH are utilised
(b) Photorespiration absent, Can tolerate high produced Take place in
light intensity and high temperature, Kranz Take place in grana stroma
anatomy present, High productivity(any 2)
18. a) Cyclic photophosphorylation and Non-cyclic
photophosphorylation
b) Cyclic Non-cyclic
photophosphorylation photophosphorylation 4 Marks Questions
Electrons move Movement of 1. a) Grana of chloroplast
cyclically electrons is non- b) ATP & NADPH
cyclic c) ATP & NADPH are used along with CO2 and
water to synthesise sugar in biosynthetic phase
Only PS I involved Both PS I and PS II
2. a) Photorespiration
involved
b) Mesophyll cells and Bundle sheath cells
ATP synthesised ATP & NADPH
c)
synthesised C3 plants C4 plants
No splitting of
ogwater
water Splitting of water
and release of and release of Photorespiration Photorespiration
present. absent.
oxygen oxygen Cannot tolerate high Tolerate high light
Takesplace in stroma Takesplace in grana light intensity and intensity and high
lamella lamella high temperature. temperature.
Kranz anatomy Kranz anatomy
19. External factors : Light, temperature, absent. present.
CO2 concentration, water (any 3) CO2 acceptor is RuBP CO2 acceptor is PEP
Plant factors : number, size, age and orientation RuBisCO is the PEPcase is the
of leaves, mesophyll cells and chloroplasts, enzyme. enzyme.
internal CO2 concentration, the amount of CO2 fixation product CO2 fixation product
chlorophyll.(any 3) PGA. OAA.
Low productivity. High productivity.
(any 2) (any 2)

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3. a) ATP synthesis is done with the help of light 4. a) C4 cycle/Hatch and Slack pathway
energy b) Yes. Kranz anatomy
b) Grana of chloroplast c) PEP/Phosphoenol Pyruvic acid
c) Cyclic Non-cyclic
d) Photorespiration absent, Can tolerate high
photophosphorylation photophosphorylation light intensity and high temperature, Kranz
anatomy present, High productivity(any 1)
Electrons move Movement of
cyclically electrons is non- 5. a) 3-PGA
cyclic b) Carboxylation, Reduction. Regeneration
Only PS I involved Both PS I and PS II c) 18 ATP and 12 NADPH
involved
ATP synthesised ATP & NADPH
synthesised
No splitting of water Splitting of water
and release of and release of
oxygen oxygen
Takesplace in stroma Takesplace in grana
lamella lamella
(any 2) (any 2)

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