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DDL COMMANDS

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45 views2 pages

DDL COMMANDS

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max12342732k
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DDL COMMANDS

DDL commands in MySQL are:


1. Create Table
2. Alter Table
3. Drop Table
CREATE TABLE COMMAND:
The CREATE TABLE statement is used to create a table in a database.

CREATE TABLE <table_name>( <column_name1><data_type> [(size)] [constraint],


<column_name2><data_type> [(size)] [constraint],
<column_name3><data_type> [(size)] [constraint],...);
For ex- create table student (Roll INT Primary Key,
Name CHAR(20),
Age INT(2),
City CHAR(10) ) ;
Primary key restrict a column to have unique values only.

DATA INTEGRITY BY CONSTRAINTS

The checks or conditions applied on one or more columns of a table are known as constraints .

 Unique Constraint : This constraint ensure that all the data of the column should be unique. It
allows null values.
 Primary key Constraint : This constraints is used to uniquely identify data. It does not accept null
values.
 Default Constraint : This constraint is used to set a default values in case no value is provided by
user for a column.
 Check Constraint: This constraint is used to set a limit for a column. for ex- no data should be
inserted less than 20 in age column.
 Foreign key Constraint : it is a non –key attribute of one table derived from primary key from other
table.
 Not Null : Ensures that a column cannot have NULL value.

For Ex:
mysql> create table student (
Roll INT(4) PRIMARY KEY,
Name CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
Age INT(2) CHECK (Age>5),
Class CHAR(3) Default ‘I’,
City CHAR(10) Not Null
);
Creation of a Table (Table level constraints Setting )

mysql> create table student (Enroll INT(4), Roll INT(4) ,


NAME CHAR(20) NOT NULL, Age INT(2),
Class CHAR(3) Default ‘I’, City CHAR(10), PRIMARY KEY (Enroll, Roll)
CHECK (Age > = 5) );
VIEWING TABLE STRUCTURE
DESC <TableName>; OR DESCRIBE <table_name>;
For ex - DESC Student;
ALTER TABLE COMMAND: Modification in Table structure

The ALTER TABLE command is used to perform the following operations:


 To add a column to an existing table.
 To rename any existing column.
 To change the datatype of any column or to modify its size.
 To remove or physically delete a column.

Adding a column to an existing table:


For Ex : Alter Table Student Add Mobile INT;

Adding a column with default value:


For Ex: ALTER TABLE student ADD(City char(6) DEFAULT “DELHI”);
Modifying an existing column definition:
The MODIFY clause can be used with ALTER TABLE command to change the datatype, size, constraint
related to any column of the table.
For Ex: ALTER TABLE student MODIFY (Name varchar(25));
The above command will modify the datatype size for the Name field from 20 to 25 characters.

Renaming a column:
ALTER TABLE <table_name> CHANGE [COLUMN] <old-column-name> <new-column-name>
column_definition;

For ex : ALTER TABLE student CHANGE Name FullName varchar(30);

Removing a column:
ALTER TABLE <table-name> DROP <column-name>;
For example,
ALTER TABLE student DROP Mobile;

DROP TABLE Command


DROP TABLE command is used to remove/delete a table permanently.
DROP TABLE <table-name>;
For example : DROP TABLE student;

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