SECOND TERM NOTES JS 3 (BASIC 9) COMPUTER SCIENCE | Edu Delight Tutors

NAME______________________________

CLASS: _______

SECOND TERM E-LEARNING NOTES

JS 3 (BASIC 9)

SUBJECT: COMPUTER SCIENCE

SCHEME OF WORK

WEEK TOPIC

1 Revision of First term work

Spreadsheet Packages:

First Period: (a) Meaning (b) Examples of spreadsheet package: (i) Excel (ii) LOTUS 1,2,3 (iii) Statview etc.

Second Period: (b) Uses of spreadsheet packages: (i) preparation of daily sales (ii) Budget

(iii) Examination result, etc.

Spreadsheet packages cont.

First & second

period: (a) Spreadsheet features and terminologies (i) Row (ii) Column (iii)) Cell

(iv) Worksheet (v) Chart (vi) Data range etc.

(b) Loading and exiting spreadsheet packages.

Worksheets

First Period: (a) Starting Excel worksheet: i.e. (i) opening a worksheet (ii) Data entry (iii) Editing (iv)
saving (v) Retrieving worksheet

Second Period: (b) Formatting worksheet, i.e. (text, cell and column, naming, etc)

Worksheets cont.

First period: (c) Excel calculations: (i) Addition (ii) Subtraction (iii) Average (iv) Counting (v) Multiplication
(vi) Division, etc

Second: (d) Printing of worksheets

Practical on excel calculation.

Graphs:

First period: (a) Creating Graphs. (i) Line graph (ii) Histograms (iii) Pie-charts (iv) Legends, etc.

Second Period: (b) Editing graphs

Graphs cont.

F & S period: (c) Formatting graphs: (i) Line graph (ii) Histograms (iii) Pie-charts (iv) Legends

Practical on Excel graphs.

Revision

WEEK 1. Revision of First term work

WEEK 2

TOPIC: SPREADSHEET PACKAGES I

Content: – Meaning and Definition of Spreadsheet Package

USES OF SPREADSHEET PACKAGES

Sub-Topic 1: Meaning and Definition of Spreadsheet Package

A Package can be defined as software written to perform a particular task. Therefore, a Spreadsheet
Package is a program that enables the computer user to carry out calculation-related tasks.
Spreadsheets are majorly used for organizing and analyzing numeric data. They were designed to
replace the pencil, calculator and the writing pad.[mediator_tech]

It is widely used in diverse range of discipline like Engineering, Mathematics, Science, Accounting, etc.

Examples of Spreadsheet Package.

Lotus 1-2-3

Microsoft Excel
STATVIEW

Quattro pro

Easy Calc

GS-Calc

Super-Calc

Visical

NOTE: For the purpose of this lesson, our focus shall be on Microsoft Excel because it is user-friendly,
flexible and contains more advanced features.

Sub-topic 2:

USES OF SPREADSHEET PACKAGES

For Statistical analysis

For Mathematical purposes

Regression analysis

Budget management and control

Preparation of daily sales report

Stock / Inventory control analysis

Preparation of examination results

Accounting purpose

Financial projection and analysis

Preparation of Payroll, etc

EVALUATION:

What do you understand by Spreadsheet Package?

(a) Give FIVE examples of Spreadsheet Package

(b) State SEVEN uses of Spreadsheet Package

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

……………………….. is a package that is majorly used for organizing and analyzing numeric data.

(a) Word-processing (b) Graphics (c) Spreadsheet (d) Mavis Beacon

Which of the following is NOT an example of spreadsheet package?

(a) MS Excel (b) GS-Calc (c) Adobe PageMaker (d) STATVEIW

Which of the following is a major function of spreadsheet packages?

(a) for financial projection and analysis (b) for compiling the names of staff in an organisation (c) for
preparing official documents (d) for artistic display

The Spreadsheet package is referred to as a/an …………………………… program

(a) System (b) Application (c) Calculation (d) Analysis

WEEK 3

TOPIC: SPREADSHEET PACKAGES II

CONTENT: – Spreadsheet Features and Terminologies

Loading and Exiting Spreadsheet Packages

Sub-Topic 1:
Spreadsheet Features and Terminologies

To fully understand and use a spreadsheet package, one must be used to some terminologies. These
terminologies include;

Row

Column

Cell

Active Cell

Worksheets

Workbook

Chart

Data Range

Fill handle

Moving border

ROWS:

A Row is a horizontal line of cells which runs from left to right in a worksheet. They can be identified by
the numbers at the left hand side of the sheet numbered from 1 to 1,048,576

COLUMNS:

A Column is a vertical line of cells in a worksheet usually identified by letters across the top of the sheet.
There are about 16,384 columns in Excel 2007.

CELL:
A Cell is the intersection of a row and a column. The highlighted rectangle on the cell is the cursor but is
known as ‘cell pointer’ which enable users to move around the sheet. They can be identified by the
combination of column header (e.g ‘A’) and the row header (e.g ‘1’) to give cell A1.

ACTIVE CELL:

The active cell is the cell that contains the cell pointer, while the active worksheet is the worksheet
where the cell pointer is currently located.

WORKSHEET:

The worksheet (also known as spreadsheet) is the working area of the package where entering of data
and calculations are handled. It consists of rows, columns, cells and a cell pointer where data are
actually entered and manipulated.

WORKBOOK:

This can be simply defined as a collection of worksheets. Each workbook contains many worksheets just
like a normal single book with a number of pages.

CHART:

A Chart is a graphical representation of data that enables you to understand the data at a glance.
Examples of Charts includes Column (histogram), Pie chart, Bar Chart, Line Chart, Surface, Doughnut,
etc.

DATA RANGE:
A group of highlighted cells in a worksheet is referred to as a Range.

FILL HANDLE:

This is a small black square at the corner of selected cells. The cursor changes to a black cross when
moved to it.

MOVING BORDER:

This is an animated border that appears around a selected cell that has been cut or copied. Press the ESC
key to cancel a moving border.

The features of a typical Microsoft environment is presented below;

Ribbon Bar

Title Bar

Menu Bar

Cell Pointer

Office Button

Name Box
Active Cell

Row number

Horizontal Scrollbar

Vertical Scrollbar

Column letter Bar

Formula Bar

Sheet Tab

Status Bar

NOTE: Educators should please ensure that the Excel environment is carefully treated with the
participation of the students.

Sub-topic 2:

LOADING AND EXITING SPREADSHEET PACKAGES

Loading the Spreadsheet Package

To load a spreadsheet package, take the following steps:

Click on the START button

Point to ALL PROGRAMS

Point to Microsoft Office

Click on Microsoft Excel[mediator_tech]

METHOD II

Double-click the Microsoft Excel icon on the desktop. The spreadsheet package opens. The active cell is
cell A1 and the active worksheet is sheet1.

Exiting the Spreadsheet package

To exit a spreadsheet package, take any of the following steps:

Click on the File menu and select Exit.

Click on the Close button on the title bar

Press ALT+F4.

EVALUATION:

Briefly explain the following terminologies:

(i) Row (ii) Column (iii) Cell (v) Workbook (vi) Data Range

Highlight the steps required to load and exit Microsoft Excel

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT:
Which of the following is NOT a spreadsheet terminology?

(a) Fields (b) Cell (c) Workbook (d) Moving border

Which of the following key combinations can be used to exit a spreadsheet package?

(a) CTRL+F4 (b) Pgdn+F4 (c) DEL+F4 (d) ALT+F4

In Spreadsheet package, a group of highlighted cells in a worksheet is referred to as a ………….

(a) Limit (b) Range (c) Boundary (d) worksheet

To cancel a moving border, simply press the ………………….. key

(a) TAB (b) END (c) ALT (d) ESC

……………. is a graphical representation of data that enables you to understand the data at a glance. (a)
Row (b) Active cell (c) Chart (d) Column

…………… is a small black square at the corner of selected cells.

(a) Cell pointer (b) Fill handle (c) Border (d) Marker

WEEK 4

TOPIC: WORKSHEET I

Sub-Topic 1: Definition of a Worksheet:

A Worksheet can be defined as the working area of the program where entering of data and calculations
are handled. It consists of rows, columns, cells and a cell pointer.
Starting Excel worksheet: This entails the following[mediator_tech]

(i) opening a worksheet (ii) Data entry (iii) Editing (iv) saving (v) Retrieving worksheet

Opening a worksheet:

To create a new worksheet, follow the steps below:

Open Microsoft Excel from the Start button

Click on Office button to display a sub menu

Select New

Click on Create

A new workbook will be displayed.

Method II:

Data Entry:

There are three types of data that can be entered into an excel worksheet. These are Labels, Numbers
and Formula.

Labels are made up of texts that are entered into the active worksheet. Examples are letters of
alphabets (A-Z)

Numbers / values consists of numerals 0 – 9

Formulas are mathematical expressions which return calculated value.

A typical example of data entry is shown below;

Fig. 4.1: Entering data into the worksheet.

NOTE: Educators should please ensure that students practise the act of entering data into the worksheet
by entering the data shown in fig. 4.1 above.

Editing the Worksheet

Editing a worksheet means to either insert data, delete existing ones or to make corrections to the
already existing data. Fig. 4.2 below shows the edited version of fig. 4.1

Fig. 4.2: Editing Worksheet

NOTE: Educators should please ensure that the students edit the previous excel sheet (fig 4.1) to give
the excel sheet shown above (fig 4.2)

Saving a Worksheet

To save a worksheet for the first time, follow the steps below;

Click on the Microsoft office Button

Click on Save

When the dialog box appears, in the save in box click on the arrow, a drop down menu appears.
Select a location to save e.g My Document

Type a file name in the File name box.

Click on Save

Save in Box Arrow for Drop Down

File Name Box Save Button

Fig 4.3: Save As Dialog Box

Subsequently, just press ctrl + S to continue saving the worksheet.

NOTE: Educators should please show the students other methods of saving a worksheet

Retrieving a Worksheet

To retrieve an existing or saved worksheet, follow the steps below;

Load the spreadsheet package (Microsoft Excel in this case)

Click on the File menu or the Microsoft Office button

Click on Open, the open dialog box will be displayed

Click on the arrow beside the Look in box

Select My Document from the drop down menu

Click on the File Name

Click on Open
Sub-Topic 2:

Formatting Worksheet:

The general arrangement of data is known as ‘Formatting’. The contents of selected cells can be
formatted using the formatting tool bar. Formatting changes the way numbers and text are displayed in
a worksheet.

Changing Fonts:

NOTE: Educators should practically demonstrate the methods of changing font sizes, style, colour,
attributes(bold, italics and underline), alignment(left, right, center), style, etc.

Formatting values in a range:

The number entered in the worksheet can be formatted to have currency symbols like the dollar ($). To
follow numbers in a worksheet follow the under listed steps;

Highlight the number(s) in the desired range

Click on the arrow beside the number on the ribbon bar

When the dialog box appears, click on the number tab

Select Currency

Click on the arrow beside the symbol to get a drop down menu

Select the required symbol e.g dollar sign with 2 decimal places

Click on OK

Fig. 4.4: The Format cells dialog box

NOTE: Educators should please guide the students to format the cells in fig. 4.2 above using the steps
described above.

Adjusting the Column Width:

To adjust the column width so as to accommodate the contents of the cell, follow the steps below;

Click on the cell to be adjusted

Position the cell pointer on the column tab,

The cell pointer changes to a cross

Click and drag to the right to increase the column width

Release the mouse button

NOTE: When the hash sign (#) is displayed inside a cell that contains data, it means the content of the
cell is more than what the cell can accommodate. The column widths of that cell need to be adjusted.

Renaming the Worksheets

When MS Excel is opened, the sheets are named Sheet 1, Sheet 2, etc. To rename a worksheet:
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Right click on the sheet tab to be renamed

Select Rename

Type the name you wish to give to the sheet

Press the Enter key

Fig. 4.4: Renaming the worksheet.

Inserting Rows or Columns:

To shift existing rows or columns to create blank rows or columns, follow the steps below;

Select the current row or column where the new row or column would be inserted

Click on Insert menu

Click on rows or columns

EVALUATION:

(a) Define a Worksheet.

(b) State the THREE types of data that can be entered into a worksheet.

Highlight the steps required to do the following;

(a) Open a worksheet (b) Save a worksheet (c) Retrieve a worksheet

(d) Rename a worksheet

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT:

……………….. can be defined as the working area of the program where entering of data and calculations
are handled.

(a) Worksheet (b) Workbook (c) Workcell (d) row

Which of the following cannot be found in a worksheet?

(a) Cell pointer (b) Column (c) Animations (d) Row

……………….. are mathematical expressions which return calculated value.

(a) MS Excel (b) Formula (c) Equation (d) Function

To save a workbook for future reference, a …………………. must be given to it.

(a) File name (b) File title (c) Reference name (d) Reference title

………………… changes the way numbers and text are displayed in a worksheet.

(a) Arrangement (b) Decoration (c) Formatting (d) Highlighting

………………. sign is displayed when the content of the cell is more than what the cell can accommodate.
(a) ₦ (b) (c) £ (d) #

WEEK 5

TOPIC: WORKSHEET II

Sub-Topic 1: EXCEL CALCULATIONS:

The basic and most powerful feature of Microsoft Excel is the ability to accept formula into the
worksheet. A Formula is an instruction that is entered to tell Excel how to Add, Subtract, Multiply,
Divide, or otherwise perform calculation by using the content of other cells.

It is advisable to construct formula that makes reference to cells in the worksheet so that the result can
be instantly generated even the values are changed.

When working on Excel calculations, the following guidelines should be noted;

(i) To enter a formula, first select the cell that will contain the formula.

(ii) All formula must begin with equal (=) sign tells Excel to treat the cells contents as a formula.

(iii) The formula should not be more than 1024 characters.

(iv) The function name (e.g. SUM, AVERAGE) which is preceded by equal (=) sign must be selected and
followed by the desired argument, i.e. =SUM(A5:F5). In this case, SUM is the function name and A5:F5 is
the argument.

Addition: Using the SUM Function

The SUM function is used to add together a range of data or numbers. To sum up the values of a range
of data:

Open the worksheet containing data (as previously done in fig 4.2 above).

Position the cell pointer on the desired cell i.e. the cell where the result should be displayed.

Type equal sign, Select the function (i.e. SUM) and state the range of cells.

MS Excel will highlight the range specified.

Press the Enter key.

The result is displayed.

Fig 5.1: summing up a range of values

NOTE: Educators should kindly ensure that each student follow the steps above and should also
endeavour to explain alternative methods using the ‘AUTOSUM’ symbol (), and Addition sign(+).
Subtraction: Using the IMSUB Function

The IMSUB function is used to find the difference of two numbers. To find the difference of a range of
data;

Open the worksheet containing data (as previously done in fig 4.2 above).

Position the cell pointer on the desired cell i.e. the cell where the result should be displayed.

Type equal sign, Select the function (i.e. IMSUB) and state the range of cells, usually two cells.

MS Excel will highlight the range specified.

Press the Enter key.

The result is displayed.

NOTE: Educators should kindly explain alternative methods using the Subtraction sign (-)

Average: It is also possible to use the spreadsheet package to find the average of certain values or group
of numbers. To find average:

Position the cell pointer in the desired cell where result is to be displayed

Type “=AVERAGE (DATA RANGE)” in the formula bar

Press the ENTER KEY

The result is displayed in the cell

Count:

The count function is used to ascertain the number of cells within a specified range that contains values.
To use the count function;

Position the cell pointer in the desired cell

Click on AutoSum () and select “Count”

Press the ENTER KEY.

Multiplication:

The multiplication function is solely for multiplication of numbers just like in arithmetic. To multiply a
range of data;

Position the cell pointer on the desired cell i.e. the cell where the result should be displayed.

Type equal sign, Select the function (i.e. PRODUCT) and state the range of cells.

MS Excel will highlight the range specified.

Press the Enter key.

The result is displayed.

Also, the symbol (*) can be used.

Division:

To divide a range of values;

Position the cell pointer on the desired cell i.e. the cell where the result should be displayed.

Type equal sign, Select the function (i.e. QUOTIENT to display the integer portion of a division) and state
the range of cells.

MS Excel will highlight the range specified.

Press the Enter key.

The result is displayed.

Also, the symbol (/) can be used to display the exact result.

NOTE: Educators should please endeavour to expose the students to some other functions embedded in
the worksheet program.
Sub-topic 2:

Printing of Worksheet

After the spreadsheet have been formatted and properly calculated the next thing is to get the
worksheet printed. To print your worksheet, take the following steps:

Highlight the range to be printed

Click on the Office button and select Print

Select the name of the printer from the Printer Name box

Enter the number of copies to print

Click on Preview button and select Page Set Up. Set all the necessary parameters like margins, page
layout, paper size and grid lines (if necessary).

Click on OK

Click on Print.

EVALUATION

State THREE guidelines that must be followed when performing excel calculations

Highlight the major steps required to carry out the following calculations;

(a) Addition (b) Subtraction (c) Count (d) Average (e) Division

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

Which of the following signs can be used for multiplication in MS Excel?

(a) + (b) X (c) & (d) *

In Excel, the expression C4:F20 is usually referred to as a/an …………………..

(a) Function (b) Function Name (c) Argument (d) Expression

In Excel, the function IMSUB is used for …………………..

(a) Addition (b) Subtraction (c) Multiplication (d) Division

The ……………… function is used to ascertain the number of cells within a specified range containing
values.

(a) MAXIMUM (b) COUNT (c) SORT (d) AVERAGE

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WEEK 6

DATE:………………………………….

Activity: PRACTICAL ON EXCEL CALCULATION

WEEK 7

DATE: ……………………..

TOPIC: GRAPH

CONTENT: – Creating Graph

Sub-Topic 1: CREATING GRAPH

GRAPH: A graph is a diagram showing the relationship that exist among variables, quantities (varies
data), usually of two, each measured along one of a pair of axes at right angles. It may not be possible to
plot a graph without value. The excel spreadsheet provides the values that are plotted.

Creating graph

To create a graph, you can either use the chart wizard or press the F11 key

Types of Chart

Line graph

Histograms

Pie-charts

Legends

1. Line graph: Line graphs are often used to plot changes in data over time, such as monthly
temperature changes or daily changes in stock market prices. Line graphs have a vertical axis and a
horizontal axis. If you are plotting changes in data over time, time is plotted along the horizontal or x-
axis and your other data, such as rainfall amounts is plotted as individual points along the vertical or y-
axis

Histograms: A histogram consists of tabular frequencies, shown as adjacent rectangles, erected over
discrete intervals (bins), with an area equal to the frequency of the observations in the interval. The
height of a rectangle is also equal to the frequency density of the interval.

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Sub-Topic 2: PIE CHART and LEGEND

PIE-CHART: Pie-charts, or circle graphs as they are sometimes known, are a little different from the other
two types of graphs discussed.

For one, pie charts do not use horizontal and vertical axes to plot points like the others. They also differ
in that they are used to chart only one variable at a time. As a result, it can only be used to show
percentages. The circle of pie charts represents 100%. The circle is subdivided into slices representing
data values. The size of each slice shows what part of the 100% it represents.

4. LEGEND: A legend is used to identify each series in a chart. Its contains on sample of the marker
colour and pattern of each series.

EVALUATION

What do you understand by the term chart

List the various types of chart you are familiar with in MS-Excel

ASSIGNMENT

The table below gives the age of a group of pupils in a school

Age (yr)13 14 15 16 17

Number of pupils 1 4 2 2 1

Draw a bar chart to show the information in the table

Represent the information in the table below on a line graph

Subject English Maths Computer Basic Sci. Music

Time allotted 100 120 100 100 100

WEEK 8
DATE: ………………..

TOPIC: – FORMATTING GRAPHS

CONTENT: – Changing Chart Type

SUB-TOPIC 1

CHANGING CHART TYPE

After creating a chart, you can change it to the type you want. The type you choose depends on how you
want to present your data.

Select the chart

Within the chart, click the right mouse button OR

Click on insert on menu bar

Click on change Chart type

Under Chart Type, list click to select the desired chart type (e.g, Column, Bar, Line, etc)

Under Chart sub-type list, click to select the chart sub-typed desired. You can view the chart sample by
pressing it and hold to view sample button.

Click on OK when satisfied

Changing from histogram to pie chart using the same data

ADDING AND EDITING CHARTS

Once you have created a chart, you can add more chart data series or copy additional chart data series
from a worksheet or another chart. Microsoft Excel offers a variety of ways to edit your chart data

You can change a chart data series by:

Adding a chart data series to a chart

Adding or removing more data point to the existing chart data series.

Plotting the data by rows or by columns.

To add or edit a chart data series with chart wizard tool

Select the chart you want to edit

Click the chart wizard tool

Follow the instruction on the screen

The chart is automatically updated to reflect the new data

Adding more data to the present data gives us[mediator_tech]

Sub-Topic 2: FORMATTING A CHART

FORMATTING A CHART

You can change the font of chart text, change the horizontal and vertical alignment and rotate text to a
vertical orientation. You can also change the pattern and color of the text area. The text is displayed in
the front of the area pattern so that it is always visible. Microsoft Excel automatically formats the charts
title and axes title as bold.
To format chart text with the standard tool bar

To format all the text in a chart, select the chart by choosing select chart from the chart menu. To
format a single piece of attached or unattached text, click the text to select it. To format tick-mark labels
for an axis, click the axis to select it.

To format text that appears in a legend, click the legend; click the legend to select it.

Click one of the formatting or alignment tools to format the text

EVALUATION

List the steps involved in formatting chart text

State the steps in adding or editing chart

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT:

Objective Test:

Which of the following is not a type of graph (a) Line graph (b) Pie Chart (c) Histogram (d) Bigram

……………………….. is a circle divided into sections (a) Bar Chart (b) Histogram (c) Pictogram (d) Pie- chart

Essay Test:

Construct a bar chart for the data below

No. of students 5 3 8 7 2 8 6 10 1 4

Performances in Comp. studies Exam 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

90 100

Change the above bar chart to line graph

WEEK 9
DATE…………….

TOPIC: COMPUTER GAMES

CONTENT: Computer Games

Sub-Topic 1: COMPUTER GAMES

Computer game is also called PC game, is a video game played on personal computer, rather than on a
video game console OR Computer games are software programs used for relaxation and to learn some
skills.

Video game is an electronic or computerized game played by manipulating images on a video display
television screen. Examples of computer game include;

Spider Solitaire 2. Packman 3. Space commander 4. Digger 5. Pinball 6. Chess 7. Heart

Some computer games are supplied by Microsoft windows while some are downloaded from internet.
Computer games can be played using the following input devices:

Keyboard (through the arrow keys)

Joystick

Mouse

Game pad

Reasons for playing Computer games

For the purpose of entertainment

For educational purpose

For teaching purpose

To develops some skills

Types of games:

There are many types of computer games. These have been classified into three categories:

Recreational games

Skill enhancement

Entertainment games

Sub-Topic 2: Recreational Games; Advantages/Disadvantages of Computer Games.

RECREATIONAL GAMES

These are games played at leisure time for relaxation after working for long period of time e.g. Free cell,
Casino, heart

Skill Enhancement games

They are games designed for skill enhancement and recycling, Quizzing, puzzles, Mathematics games

Entertainment Games

These are types of games played to entertain friends and visitors e.g Musical games, Mimicking and
guessing

ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER GAMES

It helps to stimulate (encourage) children and adult interest in learning these of computers.

Computer games helps to develop habit of concentration e. Test Drive Game

It can be used to manage or reduce stress condition

Computer games are used for teaching and learning of different subjects, e.g Music, mathematics,
English, Speed and accuracy e.t.c

Computer games enhanced the physical well being of the player

Computer games are useful for recreation, skill acquisition and entertainment.[mediator_tech]

DISADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER GAMES

Weekend Assignment

All the following are computer games except……… (a) Chess (b) Trojan (c) Packman (d) Pinball

Computer games can be played using all the following except ………….. (a) Computer Keyboard (b) Mouse
(c) Joystick (d) Digger

Which of the following is not a reason for playing computer game

For fraudulent purposes (b) For entertainment (c) For educational purpose (d) For teaching purposes

………….. is a computer software used for relaxation to learn skill (a) Anti virus (b) Computer (c) Games (d)
Game pad

Essay

Mention two reasons for playing game

State four disadvantages of playing computer game.

WEEKS 10-13: REVISION AND EXAMINATION

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