SET- 1

Roll No. Candidate must write the Set No. on the

title page of the answer book.
SAHODAYA PREBOARD EXAMINATION – 2023-24
 Please check that this question paper contains 12 printed pages.
 Set number given on the top right hand side of the question paper should be written on the title
page of the answer book by the candidate.
 Check that this question paper contains 39 questions.
 Write down the Serial Number of the question in the left side of the margin before
attempting it.
 15 minutes time has been allotted to read this question paper. The question paper will be
distributed 15 minutes prior to the commencement of the examination. The students will read the
question paper only and will not write any answer on the answer script during

CLASS-X
SCIENCE (086)
Time allowed – 3hours Maximum marks – 80

General Instructions:
i. This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
ii. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions. A
student is expected to attempt only one of these questions.
iii. Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 1 mark each.
iv. Section B consists of 6 Very Short questions carrying 02 marks each. Answers to these
questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
v. Section C consists of 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to
these questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
vi. Section D consists of 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 05 marks each. Answer to these
questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
vii. Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks each with
sub-parts.

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 SECTION – A
Select and write the most appropriate option out of the four options given for each of the questions 1 -
20. There is no negative mark for incorrect response.
1. Observe the diagram and identify the correct statement(s). 1
(i) The colour of the solution becomes blue in test tube Y.
(ii) The colour of the solution remains blue
in test tube X.
(iii) Copper metal will be deposited in test
tube X .
(iv) Silver metal will be deposited in test
tube Y.
(a) (i) , (ii) and (iii) (b) (i) ,(iii) and (iv)
(c) (ii) ,(iii) and (iv) (d) (i), (ii) and (iv)
2. The reaction 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g)  4NO(g) + 6H2O(g) is an example of a: 1
(i) displacement reaction (ii)combination reaction
(iii) redox reaction (iv)neutralisation reaction
(a) (i)and (iv) (b) (ii)and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iii) (d) (iii)and (iv)
3. p Fe (s) + q H2O (g)  r Fe3O4(s)+ s H2(g) 1
When this equation is balanced, the coefficients p, q, r and s respectively are
(a) 3, 4,1, 4 (b) 1, 4, 3, 4
(c) 1, 3, 3, 4 (d) 3, 1, 3, 4
4. Name the gas released when Potassium carbonate reacts with Hydrochloric acid. 1
(a) Hydrogen (b) Chlorine
(c) Carbon dioxide (d) Hydrogen sulphide
5. 1

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 What happens when dilute sulphuric acid is replaced with concentrated solution of sodium
hydroxide and heated in the experiment shown in the above diagram?
(a) There is no reaction. (b) Carbon dioxide is released .
(c) Oxygen gas is released. (d) Hydrogen gas is released.
6. Identify the correct composition of solder. 1
(a) Copper and zinc (b) Lead and tin
(c) Lead and mercury (d) Iron and carbon
7. The pair of metal and non-metal that is liquid at room temperature: 1
(a) Gallium and chlorine (b) Sodium and nitrogen
(c) Mercury and Bromine (d) Sodium and bromine
8. The process in which loss of water in the form of vapour from the aerial parts of plants takes 1
place is X which helps in Y. Here X and Y respectively are :
(a) Transpiration and photosynthesis
(b) Transpiration and temperature regulation
(c) Translocation and movement of soluble products of photosynthesis in phloem
(d) Translocation and absorption of water and minerals from soil by roots
9. The function performed by sensory neuron is- 1
(a) It transfers impulses from the receptor to the effector.
(b) It transfers impulses from the effector to the motor neuron.
(c) It transfers impulses from the receptor to the central nervous system.
(d) It transfers impulses from the central nervous system to the receptor.
10. The image shows the process of vegetative propagation in a plant. 1

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 The shoot of the parent plant is pushed below the soil that results in growth of a new plant.
What is the advantage of this process?

(a) This results in plant of different flowers.

(b) This helps to grow plants without adding extra manure.
(c) This eliminates the need of producing plant using seeds.
(d) This allows growth of plants with new genetic composition.
11. Consider the following two statements: 1
(i) The trait that expresses itself in F1 generation.
(ii) The trait that keeps on passing from one generation to another.
The appropriate terms for the statements (i) and (ii) respectively are:
(a) Recessive trait, dominant trait (b) Dominant trait , recessive trait
(c) Dominant trait , inherited trait (d) Recessive trait , inherited trait

12. 1

Study the above given graph and select the correct option which indicates appropriate names
of the digestive enzymes with their respective locations in human body.
(a) X-Mouth, Y- Stomach, Z- Small intestine
(b) X- Stomach, Y- Mouth, Z- Small intestine
(c) X- Small intestine, Y- Mouth Z- Stomach
(d) X- Stomach, Y- Small intestine Z- Mouth
13. Same size of image is formed by a convex lens of focal length 20 cm . The distance between 1
the object and image is
(a) 0 cm (b) 20 cm
(c) 40 cm (d) 80 cm

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14. A student writes the following statements: 1
I. Stars appear raised due to atmosphere refraction.
II. Apparent length of the day increases due to atmospheric refraction.
III. Stars twinkle but planets do not. This happens on account of total internal reflection.
(a) All are correct.
(b) I and II are correct, but III is incorrect.
(c) All are incorrect.
(d) I and II are incorrect, only III is correct.
15. Find the statement which is not applicable for energy flow in an ecosystem. 1
(a) The green plants in a terrestrial ecosystem capture about 10% of the energy of
sunlight that falls on their leaves and convert it into food energy.
(b) When green plants are eaten by primary consumers, a great deal of energy is lost as
heat to the environment.
(c) 10% can be taken as the average value for the amount of organic matter that is
present at each step and reaches the next level of consumers.
(d) Food chains generally consist of only three or four steps.
16. In the given Figure, the various trophic levels are shown in a pyramid. At which trophic 1
level, maximum energy is available?

(a) T4 (b) T2
(c) T1 (d) T3
For questions number 17 to 20, two statements are given- one labelled as Assertion (A)
and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from
the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below:
(a) Both Assertion(A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
the Assertion(A)
(b) Both Assertion(A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of the Assertion(A)
(c) Assertion(A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion(A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
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17. Assertion(A) : NH4Cl is a neutral salt. 1
Reason(R) : Aqueous solution of ammonium chloride turns colour of blue litmus paper to
red.
18. Assertion(A): A geneticist crossed a pea plant bearing violet flowers with another pea plant 1
bearing white flowers and got 50% plants with violet flowers and 50% plants
with white flowers in the F1 progeny.
Reason(R) :One parent plant was heterozygous violet flowered plant and the other was
white flowered pea plant.
19. Assertion(A): Fuse is a safety device always connected in series with neutral wire in a 1
domestic circuit.
Reason (R) : The fuse wire melts and breaks the circuit when current exceeds its safe limit
in the circuit.
20. Assertion(A):The amount of ozone in the atmosphere began to increase sharply in the 1980s. 1
Reason (R): The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) succeeded in forging an
agreement to freeze CFC production in 1987.

SECTION-B
Questions 21 – 26 are very short answer questions
21. (a)Draw the electron dot structure of ethene. 2
(b)Write the IUPAC name of : CH3CH(Cl)CH2CH3
22. Name the type of cells used by Hydra for reproduction by budding? How does Hydra 2
undergo this process?
23. With the help of an activity, explain the action of saliva on the food we eat. 2
Or
In the process of digestion of food in human beings, two protein digesting enzymes are
secreted. Name the enzymes along with the glands that secrete them.
24. A beam of white light is passed through a series of equilateral prisms as shown in the figure 2
given below.

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 (a) Copy the above diagram and draw the path of beam entering Prism 1 and emerging from
Prism 3 and falling on the screen.
(b) Name all the phenomena or processes that take place when the beam of light enters Prism
1 and emerges from Prism 3.
25. Two metallic wires of the same material are connected in parallel. Wire A has length ‘l’ and 2
radius ‘r’, wire B has a length ‘2l’ and radius ‘2r’. Calculate the ratio of their equivalent
resistance in parallel combination to the resistance of wire B.

(a) A uniform magnetic field exists in the plane of paper pointing from left to right as
shown in figure. In the field an electron and a proton move as shown. Predict the direction of
force experienced by the electron and proton.

(b) State the rule used to determine the direction of force in the above case.
26. Food web is the interconnections of different food chains, which correlate at various trophic 2
levels operating in an ecosystem.

Name the organisms in which accumulation of toxic non-biodegradable substances is the

lowest and highest in the given figure. State and define the phenomenon involved here.

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 SECTION – C
Questions 27 – 33 are short answer questions
27. A Metal nitrate ‘P’ on heating strongly gives a yellow residue along with the evolution of 3
nitrogen dioxide and oxygen gas. Aqueous solution of ‘P’ on reaction with Potassium iodide
solution forms a yellow precipitate of compound ‘Q’.
(a) Identify P, Q.
(b) Write the balanced chemical equations involved in the above processes.
28. (a) An ore of metal ‘X’ is found in nature as its carbonate. Metal ‘X’ is used in galvanization 3
of iron articles. Identify the metal ‘X’ and name its ore.
(b) We cannot use carbon to obtain sodium from sodium oxide. State the reason. Write the
chemical reactions involved during the extraction of sodium metal from its ore.
OR
Metal ‘M’ is a good conductor of heat and electricity and is used in making electric wires. Its
ore is found in the form of sulphide.
(a) Name the metal ‘M’ and its ore.
(b) Write chemical equations for the extraction of metal ‘M’ from its sulphide ore.
29. Analyse the situations given below and describe the phenomena involved: 3
(a) Germination of pollen grain into pollen tube to the ovule.
(b) Leaves of Mimosa plant droop when touched.
(c) Coiling of tendril around a support.
30. Some fruit juice along with yeast powder was taken in a test tube and fitted with one- holed 3
cork. The cork was fitted with bent glass tube. Then the free end of the glass tube was dipped
into a test tube containing freshly prepared lime water.
(a) State the changes observed in the lime water.
(b) Name the process involved in the test tube containing fruit juice.
(c) What are the end products of the above mentioned process?
31. A security mirror used in a big showroom has radius of curvature 5 m. If a customer is 3
standing at a distance of 20 m from the mirror, find the position, nature and size of the
image formed in the security mirror.
32. (a) State the law that explains the heating effect of current with respect to the measurable 3
properties in an electrical circuit. How does the heat developed in a conductor vary if
current through it is doubled?
(b) Why is tungsten used for filament of electric lamps? Give any two reasons.
33. P and Q represent two straight wires carrying equal current (I) in a direction perpendicular to 3
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 the plane of the paper outwards. K is the midpoint of the line joining P and Q. The image
shows the magnetic field lines around the wire. But the direction of the magnetic field is not
marked.

(a) Draw the above image and mark the direction of the magnetic field.
(b) If B is the magnetic field at point K due to the current in wire P, what will be the
magnetic field due to P and Q at the midpoint K? Give a reason for your answer.
(c) If B is the magnetic field at point K due to the current in wire P and the current in wire Q
is reversed, what will be the magnetic field at midpoint K? Give a reason for your answer.

SECTION – D
Questions 34 – 36 are long answer questions
34. A compound ‘A’ (C2H4O2) reacts with Na metal to form a compound ‘B’ and a combustible 5
gas. Compound ‘A’ on treatment with an alcohol ‘C’ in presence of an acid forms a Sweet-
smelling compound ‘D’ (C4H8O2). On addition of NaOH to ‘D’ gives back ‘B’ and ‘C’.
(a) Identify A, B, C, D.
(b) Write the balanced chemical equation for all the reactions taking place in the above.
OR
(a) Define catenation.
(b) Write the name of the next homologue of CH3CH2CHO.
(c) Two organic compound A and B have same molecular formula (C6H12). Draw the
structure, if
(i) A is a cyclic compound
(ii) B is straight chain unsaturated compound.
(iii) State the relation between A & B.
35. (a) How do Plasmodium and Leishmania reproduce? Write one difference in their mode of 5
reproduction.
(b) In a bisexual flower, after pollination the pollen grains land on the surface of Stigma.
Represent this with a labelled diagram. (Any three labeling)
(c) Give two examples of unisexual flowers.
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 OR
(a) The communication between the central nervous system and the other parts of the
body is facilitated by the peripheral nervous system. State the parts of the central
nervous system and the peripheral nerves arising from them.
(b) While playing bare feet in a field, Rama accidentally stepped on a pointed object. He
immediately moved back. Illustrate the situation diagrammatically in the form of a
reflex arc.
(c) If you run your hand down the middle of your back, you will feel a hard, bumpy
structure. Identify the structure and mention the part which it protects.
36. (a) Consider the figure given below and answer the following: 5

O= Object I =Image
(i)Identify Mirror 1 and Mirror 2 and discuss one use of each.
(ii)Draw ray diagram to show image formation in the first case.
(b) On entering in a medium from air, the speed of light becomes half of its value in air.
Find the refractive index of that medium with respect to air.

OR

(a) A person is advised to wear corrective lens of +2.5 D.

(i)Identify the eye defect he is suffering from.
(ii)Calculate the focal length of the corrective lens in cm.
(iii)Write any two causes of this eye defect.
(iv)Draw the labelled diagram for the correction of this type of defect.
(b) Explain how does wavelength of light affect scattering of light?

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 SECTION-E
Question No. 37 to 39 are case-based/data -based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts.
Internal choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.
37. Universal indicator is a mixture of several indicators. A scale for measuring hydrogen ion 4
concentration in a solution called pH scale has been developed. The ‘p’ in pH stands for
‘potenz’ in German, meaning power. On the pH scale we can measure pH generally from 0 to
14. Acids and bases react to form salt and water. The nature of the salts formed depends on
the strengths of acids and bases used.
(a)Explain how antacids give relief from acidity.
(b)A basic salt ‘X’ used for making soap is obtained by heating baking soda followed by
crystallisation. Write the name and formula of the salt.
(c )Two solutions ‘M’ and ‘N’ give red and blue colour respectively with a universal
indicator. In which solution will the hydrogen ion concentration be more? Justify your
answer.
OR
(c )If solutions of CH3COOH and NaOH are mixed and resultant mixture is tested with a
universal indicator, it turns blue. What is the nature of the salt formed? Justify your answer.
38. In a fruit fly , the (A) gene responsible for red eye colour is dominant over white eye colour 4
(a) whereas (B) gene responsible for long wings is dominant over short wings(b). Consider
the following dihybrid cross represented by Punnett square.

(a) How many progenies would have recombinant (new combination) phenotypes in F2?
(b) Estimate the number of progenies that would have red eye colour and long wings.
(c) From the above Punnett square, write the four categories of phenotype obtained in F2
generation.

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 OR

(c) State the phenotypic ratio of progeny in dihybrid cross and write the genotype of pure
dominant progeny.
39. Suman went to attend her aunt’s marriage with her family. She was amazed to see the 4
decorations in the hall where fairy lights were used to decorate the hall. But she saw in one of
the corners, an electrician was testing bulbs to find which one was fused. Suman wanted to
know why the electrician has to spend a lot of time in locating the trouble and replacing the
dead bulb. Her mother explained the reason that all the bulbs are joined in series. She also
explained about heating effect of electric current where the heating element of a room heater
converts electrical energy into heat energy.
(a) Based on the above text, why do you think Suman should connect the appliances
used at home in parallel? Explain.
(b) How would you join three resistors, each of resistance 9 Ω so that the equivalent
resistance of the combination is 3Ω ?
(c) Out of Nichrome and Copper, which material should be preferred for making the
heating element and why?
OR
(c) An electric heater of rating 1500W, 220V is switched on for half an hour daily. Find
the current drawn and units of energy consumed by it daily.

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