THPT CHU VĂN AN - HÀ NỘI KỲ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI

LẦN THỨ XV, NĂM 2024

ĐỀ ĐỀ XUẤT ĐỀ THI MÔN: TIẾNG ANH - LỚP 11
Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút
(không kể thời gian giao đề)
(Đề thi gồm ... trang) Ngày thi: 16 tháng 7 năm 2024

I. LISTENING (50 points)

HƯỚNG DẪN PHẦN THI NGHE HIỂU
 Bài nghe gồm 4 phần; mỗi phần được nghe 2 lần, mỗi lần cách nhau 05 giây; mở đầu
và kết thúc mỗi phần nghe có tín hiệu. Thí sinh có 20 giây để đọc mỗi phần câu hỏi.
 Mở đầu và kết thúc bài nghe có tín hiệu nhạc. Thí sinh có 03 phút để hoàn chỉnh bài
trước tín hiệu nhạc kết thúc bài nghe.
 Mọi hướng dẫn cho thí sinh (bằng tiếng Anh) đã có trong bài nghe.
Part 1. Listen to a talk about a chance to rethink the world and decide whether these
statements are True (T), False (F) or Not Given (NG). Write your answers in the
corresponding numbered boxes provided. (10 points)
1. Deserts make up nearly one-third of Earth's total landmass and can be found on all seven
continents.
2. Subtropical deserts, located along the equator, experience nighttime temperatures that
can reach up to 120 degrees Fahrenheit.
3. Semi-arid deserts are typically formed through the rain shadow effect caused by tall
mountain ranges blocking moisture.
4. The saguaro cactus has long and shallow root systems to efficiently absorb minimal
moisture present in the desert ground.
5. Desertification is an irreversible process primarily driven by deforestation and poor
agricultural practices in affected regions.
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Part 2: For questions 6-10, listen to the recording and answer the questions. Write NO
MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER taken from the recording. (10
points)
6. What process is facilitated by the lungs during breathing?
______________________________
7. Where does air from the nose and mouth get delivered to?
______________________________
8. What structures in the lungs end in alveoli?
______________________________
9. Through what do oxygen and carbon dioxide pass in the alveoli?
______________________________
10. What type of design helps the lungs stay strong?
______________________________
Your answers:
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 3. For questions 11-15, listen to a conversation about laughter therapy. Choose the
correct answer A, B, C or D which fits best according to what you hear. Write your
answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
11. What do Stella and Rick see as the main explanation for the popularity of what are
called ‘laughter clubs?’
A. They allow people to share their problems with others.
B. They don’t require people to make a long-term commitment.
C. They are a cost effective way for people to access professional help.
D. They appeal to people who may be sceptical about other forms of therapy.
12. Rick feels that the main role of a laughter therapist is to
A. ensure that people get sufficient rest and relaxation.
B. help people to escape from one pattern of behaviour.
C. make people aware of the consequences of depression.
D. investigate the causes if people’s emotional problems.
13. What does Rick regard as the principal benefit of the laughter therapy session he
runs?
A. They enable people to feel less inhibited.
B. They stop people taking life too seriously.
C. They give people a good physical workout.
D. They encourage people to form lasting bonds.
14. Rick’s interest in laughter therapy initially arose from
A. first-hand experience of another method.
B. participation in his wife’s group sessions.
C. a desire to help his clients more effectively.
D. his mistrust of other alternative approaches.
15. Why does Rick tell us about a client who had problems giving presentations?
A. to suggest an alternative remedy for work-related stress.
B. to highlight the way in which essential oils affect the senses.
 C. to show how stress can affect a person’s level of performance.
D. to support Stella’s point about making time for certain activities.

Your answers:
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
Part 4: For question 16-25 listen to the recording and then complete the summary below
by writing NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. (20 points)
- The proposed opening of the new Burger World has provoked strong (16) _____________
in the local community.
- Mr. Brownlea thinks it will harm the young people and the local (17) _____________.
- He would prefer a new restaurant offering (18) _____________.
- He admits that Burger World prices are (19) _____________
- He believes that fast food chains are causing the disappearance of food (20) ___________
around the world.
- Mrs. Masters argues that preventing the new outlet’s opening in Manley will not (21)
______________ of changing food habit worldwide.
- Mr. Brownlea is worried that the new fast food will increase the problem of (22)
______________.
- This will make older residents feel (23) ____________.
- Mrs. Masters feels that it will be beneficial for young people to use Burger World as a (24)
_____________.
- She believes the new restaurant will boost the (25) ____________ of the town.
Your answers:
16. 21.
17. 22.
18. 23.
19. 24.
20. 25.

II. LEXICO- GRAMMAR (30 points)

Part 1. For questions 26-45, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D to complete each of the
following questions. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. (20
points)
26. The CEO's decision to step down came as a ______ to everyone in the company.
A. revelation B. cataclysm C. debacle D. conundrum
27. Despite his _______ efforts, he couldn't secure the deal.
A. concerted B. sporadic C. haphazard D. meticulous
28. The team's _______ victory in the championship surprised everyone.
A. emphatic B. lackluster C. tentative D. ambivalent
29. It's crucial to _______ a balance between work and personal life for overall well-being.
A. hit B. strike C. beat D. clash
30. The CEO's speech was _______ with optimism about the company's future.
A. fraught B. laden C. filled D. fraught
31. The new law imposes _______ restrictions on freedom of speech.
A. draconian B. lenient C. stringent D. permissive
32. Despite the team's best efforts, their attempts to secure the deal went down in _______.
A. flames B. smoke C. water D. dust
33. She realized that trying to change his mind was a _______ cause.
A. lost B. doomed C. hopeless D. forsaken
34. She has been working on this project for months and now she wants to abandon it. Talk
about throwing in the _______.
A. towel B. sponge C. napkin D. cloth
35. The defendant's alibi was shaky at best; it was a house of _______.
A. straw B. sand C. cards D. glass
36. The politician's promises were nothing more than _______ in the eyes of the skeptical
public.
A. panacea B. rhetoric C. actuality D. candor
37. The scientist's groundbreaking discovery turned conventional wisdom on its _______.
A. axis B. foundation C. head D. end
38. She was warned not to count her chickens before they hatched, but her _______ nature
led her to make premature plans.
A. impetuous B. frivolous C. audacious D. tempestuous
39. He was known for his candor, never shying away from _______ even the most sensitive
issues.
A. excoriating B. obfuscating C. broaching D. repudiating
40. Sheila was known for her sharp wit and ability to cut to the _______ in any conversation.
A. chase B. heart C. bone D. core
41. Despite their best efforts, the committee was unable to come to a(n) _______ on the
controversial issue.
A. concession B. consensus C. compromise D. confrontation
42. The company's success can be attributed to its ability to stay ahead of the _______ in
technology.
A. competition B. curve C. trend D. wave
43. The team's performance this season has been a rollercoaster ride, full of _______
victories and unexpected losses.
A. crushing B. decisive C. resounding D. staggering
44. The chef’s __________ with rare spices gives her dishes a distinctive flavor.
A. fondness B. infatuation C. obsession D. penchant
45. The company’s decision to downsize was a __________ to its reputation as a stable
employer.
A. bane B. boon C. reprieve D. debacle
Your answers:
26. 27. 28. 29. 30.
31. 32. 33. 34. 35.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.

Part 2. For questions 46-55, write the correct form of each bracketed word in each
sentence. Write your answers in the boxes provided. (10 points)
46. The implementation of comprehensive _____________ frameworks is crucial for
ensuring the stability and integrity of financial markets. (REGULATE)
47. The new therapeutic approach proved _____________ in treating previously resistant
cases of the autoimmune disease. (EFFICACY)
48. After years of legal disputes, the mediator finally ______________ the complex web of
conflicting interests among the stakeholders. (TANGLE)
49. The museum's latest exhibition will _____________ rare artifacts from ancient
civilizations, providing a comprehensive insight into their cultural and historical
significance. (SHOW)
50. Her ____________ victory in the election reflected widespread support and marked a
significant turning point in local political dynamics. (SOUND)
 51. The restaurant offers ______________ vouchers for loyal customers, which can be used
towards future dining experiences or special promotions. (DEEM)
52. The scandalous tabloid article was criticized for its blatant _______________, crossing
ethical boundaries and causing public outrage across the community.
53. The ________________ agreement allowed for immediate implementation of the
project pending final approval from the board. (VISION)
54. It would be _______________ miscommendable to overlook his achievements based on
a single mistake in judgment. (COMMEND)
55. The _____________ advancements in quantum computing have the potential to
revolutionize fields such as cryptography and materials science. (MIND)
Your answers:
46. 47. 48. 49.
50. 51. 52. 53
54. 55.

III. READING (60 points)

Part 1. For questions 56 – 65, read the passage and fill each of the following numbered
blanks with ONE suitable word. Write your answers in the boxes provided. (15 points)
Globalization is not a wholly new phenomenon. Empires throughout history have sought to
extend their dominion and influence (56) _______ their immediate horizons. European
colonialism reflected a similar imperialist impulse, inaugurating political, social, economic
and cultural imbalances that have persisted into the new millennium. Yet contemporary
globalization is (57) ________ a different order to such historical anticipations. Recent
decades have witnessed an (58) ________ enmeshment of national economies and cultural
expressions, (59) _______ rise to new challenges and opportunities. Communication
networks have shrunk or abolished distance, to the (60) ________ of some and the exclusion
of others. Travel has never been so rapid and convenient, while remaining beyond the (61)
________ of many. In a world in which the possibilities of intercultural contact have
multiplied, linguistic diversity and many other forms of cultural expression are in decline.
How then is globalization to be viewed in (62) ________ of its impacts on cultural diversity?
Globalization is often conceived as potentially antithetical to cultural diversity, in the (63)
_______ of leading to the homogenization of cultural models, values, aspirations and
lifestyles, to the standardization of tastes, the impoverishment of creativity, uniformity of
cultural expressions and so (64) _______ . The reality, however, is more complex. While it is
true that globalization induces forms of homogenization, it cannot be regarded as inimical to
human creativity, which continues to engender new forms of diversity, constituting a
perennial challenge to featureless (65) _________.
Your answers:
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.

Part 2: For questions 66-75, read the following text and choose the correct answer A, B,
C or D. Write your answers in the boxes provided. (10 points)
Multiple-intelligence (Ml) theories have emerged for two reasons. First, many psychologists
reject the notion that IQ tests accurately assess general intelligence or measure a person's full
intellectual capacity. Second, the common belief that IQ predicts success in both academic
and professional spheres has led researchers to suspect that there may be even better
predictors. For these reasons, US psychologists Howard Gardner and Robert Sternberg have
proposed two different theories based on the idea of multiple intelligences.

Gardner argues that IQ testing is too limited with its focus on verbal and logical skills. He
claims that this narrow view of intelligence leads to the labeling of truly gifted people as
underachievers. Moreover, he points out that these "underachievers" do not benefit from the
advantages a high [Q score may provide. Such benefits include positive evaluations by
schoolteachers aod employment in fitms where IQ screening is part of the application
process. In addition, IQ-equivalent entrance exams such as the Scholastic Achievement Test
(SAT) effectively qualify students for college and university programs in the US.

Gardner's MI theory is based on brain research. Through an extensive study of braindamaged

individuals, he mapped nine regions of the brain and found that each governed specific areas
ofintellectual behavior. Accordingly, he related each brain region to one of his nine proposed
intelligences. These include verbal, logical-mathematical, musical, visual, bodily-kinesthetic,
interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic, and existential intelligence. The esteemed
psychologist explains that individuals possess the aptitude for all nine but that each person
has a specific intelligence profile. That is, most people are strong in about three areas.

These strengths also reflect preferred working styles and career direction for individuals. For
instance, people with verbal intelligence are more naturally suited to professions such as
journalism or language instruction. On the other hand, those with mathematical or logical
intelligence may find satisfaction in fields like engineering or science. Individuals who
display musical intelligence make skiUed composers or conductors; those with bodily
intelligence excel as dancers or athletes; and those with spatial intelligence shine in artistic
fields. People who have interpersonal intelligence gravitate toward positions requiring
people skills, whereas those with self-awareness perform well as counselors or
entrepreneurs. Darwin, famous for his theory ofevolution, was an example ofa person with
ample naturalistic intelligence. Likewise, Aristotle, the well-known philosopher, possessed
existential intelligence in good measure.

Based upon social and environmental-rather than neurological factors. Sternberg's Theory
ofSuccessfitl Intelligence includes three sub-intelligences: analytic, creative, and practical.
Analytic intelligence involves skill in analyzing ru1d evaluating various options. It refers to
the ability to perform academic problem-solving tasks that have one correct answer, much
like those found on standard IQ tests. People with analytic intelligence often do well in
school and are thus considered "book smart.'' In contrast, those with creative intelligence
have the means to generate unique but appropriate solutions to novel problems. An
individual with creative intelligence can often resolve one issue in a variety ofacceptable
formats. These people are "idea smart.'' Art, music, and even inventive business solutions are
all products of creative intelligence. Finally, people with practical intelligence or "street
smruts" have the ability to successfully deal with everyday problems. They learn what they
need to know in order to adapt to their environments. One study cites Brazilian children who
used practical intelligence in learning all ofthe math needed to operate their street business.
Interestingly, they failed their school math exams and would likely receive low scores on a
typical IQ test.
Sternberg describes successful intelligence as the power to achieve a personal definition of
success within a specific social and cultural milieu. (A) He explains that analytic intelligence
or IQ does a good job at measuring academic achievement but that the ability to generate
ideas and plain common sense play a much more significant role in the real world. (B) In his
view, success begins with an assessment ofpersonal strengths and weaknesses. (C)
Afterwards, a person needs to use this knowledge to make the most oftheir strengths and
overcome limitations in order to create optimal life circumstances within a particular
environment. (D)
66. According to paragraph l, what do many cognitive psychologists believe about IQ tests?
A. They measure a person's general intelligence.
B. They are too limited in their focus.
C. They don't represent the entire range of intelligence.
D. They should be adapted to assess multiple intelligence
67. According to paragraph 1, the word professional is closest in meaning to
A. authoritative B. career C. practiced D. qualified
68. According to paragraph 2, what can be inferred about university entrance exams?
A. They are required by all colleges and universities.
B. Each school has its own entrance exam.
C. They attempt to measure intelligence.
D. They are the same as employment screening exams.
69. According to paragraph 2, why does the author mention positive evaluations by school
teachers and employment?
A. To provide examples regarding the benefits of a good IQ test result
B. To illustrate how academic and professional success are related to IQ
C. To show how truly gifted individuals are labeled as underachievers
D. To demonstrate the common use of IQ testing in academic and professional spheres
70. According to paragraph 3, why did Gardner propose nine intelligences?
A. Over time, he came to realize his original estimate of seven intelligences was incorrect.
B. Each one corresponded to a different brain-damaged individual he studied.
C. In studying a map ofthe brain, he learned there were a total of nine separate regions.
D. They related to nine different areas of the brain
71. According to paragraph 3, the word each refers to
A. brain B. individual C. region D. study
72. According to paragraph 4, the word gravitate is closest in meaning to
A. generate B. move C. descend D. waffe
73. According to paragraph 5, why does the author mention neurological factors?
A. To demonstrate that Gardner's theory has a sounder basis than Sternberg's.
B. To clarify that Gardner and Sternberg have little in common.
C. To show that social and environmental factors are more important than neurological
factors.
D. To emphasize that Sternberg's theory has a different basis from Gardner's.
74. According to paragraph 5, what is true regarding solutions that require creative
intelligence?
A. They apply primarily to the realms of art and music.
B. They involve adapting to the environment in novel ways.
C. They often have more than one answer.
D. Answers are typically not found in books.
75. Look at the four gaps that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the
passage.
Creating a list of specific abilities and individual short comings would be extremely
helpful.
Where would the sentence best fit?
(A) (B) (C) (D)
Your answers:
66. 67. 68. 69. 70.
71. 72. 73. 74. 75.

Part 3. For questions 76 - 88, read the following passage and do the tasks that follow. (13
points)
The Fort Berthold Reservation in western North Dakota is a vast area where advances in
drilling and extraction technology have made it possible to remove oil from deep, widely
dispersed deposits. Since early 2006. production from what's known as the Bakken formation
has increased nearly 150-fold, to more than 660,000 barrels a day, moving North Dakota into
second place among US states, ahead of Alaska.

No one but a handful of industry insiders saw that coming. Now some optimistic oilmen
predict that the state's daily output could eventually close in on that of Texas - at two million
barrels. The number of wells could increase from the roughly 8,000 operating today to
between 40,000 and 50,000. By the time the frenzy ends, perhaps 20 years from now, as
many as 14 billion barrels of high-quality crude may have been removed. Until more
pipelines are built in this landlocked rural region, most of the oil and water will be
transported by truck. So will everything else needed for swift, large-scale development:
gravel, construction materials, tools, machinery. The prairie is being industrialised.

Change of such scope and intensity is bound to raise questions. Thousands of people are
converging on the area, looking for work, looking for redemption, looking for trouble. And
jobs are plentiful. In Williston, in the heart of the oil patch, the unemployment rate is less
than one per cent. But how does a region of farms weather the human onslaught? Another
risk is environmental damage. Most attention has focused on hydraulic fracturing, or
fracking, by which large amounts of fresh water combined with sand and smaller amounts of
other substances, some toxic, are driven under high pressure down wells drilled into deep
layers of shale, creating cracks through which bubbles of trapped oil and natural gas can
escape into the well. Where will all the clean water come from? How will the dirty water
that's pumped out be prevented from contaminating groundwater, as has happened in other
parts of the country? Stepping back for a broader view, can the inestimable values of the
prairie - silence, solitude - be preserved in the face of full-throttle, regionwide development,
of extracting as much oil as possible as fast as possible?

The implications are already reverberating far beyond North Dakota. Bakken-like shale
formations occur across the US, indeed, across the world. The extraction technology refined
in the Bakken is in effect a skeleton key that can be used to open other fossil fuel treasure
chests.
North Dakota has boomed before, in the 1950s and 1980s. But besides being much larger
and likely to last much longer, the current boom differs from earlier ones because it initially
coincided with an economic recession. For refugees from its ravages, the Bakken is a chance
- often the last chance - to escape ruin.

So it was for truck driver Susan Connell. While we head for the disposal site on a two-lane
highway chewed up by truck traffic, she describes how she came to be behind the wheel of a
Kenworth Anteater. The trouble started in 2009, when she and her husband could no longer
find construction work in south-western Montana, where they still live. By the fall they were
three months behind on their house payments. The bank sent threatening letters. Then
Connell heard that truckers were needed in North Dakota. Earlier in her career, the Delaware
native had driven a commercial bus between Philadelphia and Atlantic City, also an airport
transit bus in Portland, Oregon. How much harder could an 18-wheeler be? But to qualify
she would have to upgrade her licence, and for that she would need to attend a special
training program. Cost: $4,000. At a time when Connell and her husband could scarcely buy
groceries for their kids, they charged the fee to a credit card. 'It was a big gamble,' she says,
referring less to the likely availability of work than to the reception she would almost
certainly get in such a male-dominated environment.

Trucking is one of the most lucrative enterprises in North Dakota. Driving an 18-wheeler
tank truck can bring in $40,000 a month - if everything goes right. One night during the
training program in early April 2011, waiting out the 'umpteenth blizzard' of the season with
two dozen oil and water drivers at a gas station in Parshall, Connell insinuated herself into
conversations, inquiring about jobs and collecting phone numbers of trucking firms.
Someone asked her where she'd abandoned her vehicle. It turned out that Connell, the only
female driver in the room, was also the only one who hadn't gone off the road during the
storm. One of the guys, the owner of a small water-hauling company based in Killdeer, was
so impressed he cold-called and offered her a job next day. Her pay jumped from $600 a
week to $2,000. There would be no more worrisome letters from the bank. She'd saved the
family house.
Complete the table below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text for each answer.
 Fracking in North Dakota
US state which currently produces more oil: 76. .....................................
Estimated daily amount of oil that Dakota might eventually 77. .....................................
produce:
Key type of infrastructure currently lacking in the region: 78. .....................................
Traditional economic activity of the region: 79. .....................................
Main material introduced into wells during fracking: - water
- 80. ...................................
Name given to the waste material produced: 81. .....................................

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text? Write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
82. Extraction of oil from shale is likely to spread to other areas.
83. North Dakota is seeing rapid economic development for the first time.
84. Susan Cornell sold her home in order to move to North Dakota.
85. Susan has recently trained as a professional driver.
86. Susan found her special training course more challenging than she expected.
87. Susan was concerned about whether she would be accepted by other drivers in the
industry.
88. Susan had to do a bad weather driving test as part of her job application.

Your answers:
76. 77. 78. 79. 80.
81. 82. 83. 84. 85.
86. 87. 88.

Part 4: In the passage below, seven paragraphs have been removed. For questions 89-95,
read the passage and choose from the paragraphs A-H the one which fits each gap. There is
ONE extra paragraph which you do not need to use. Write your answers in the corresponding
numbered boxes provided. (7 points)
It’s a cold, frosty morning in Marchton and all over town men and women of all ages and
backgrounds are rising bright and early, eaderly leaving behind their dream-filled slummer.
No hitting the snooze button for them; no snuggling under warm blankets begging in muffled
drowsiness for “just five more minutes ...” These are people filled with a sense of purpose,
spurred on by a sense of loyalty to routine and in turn rewarded with a ready flow of
endorphins.

86.

Specifically, I’m referring to the ninety members of the new fitness club situated in central
Marchton. Not only are these participants given the opportunity to attend a wide variety of
fitness classes or follow personal fitness programmes in state-of-the-art weight rooms, but
they also have at their disposal two heated swimming pools and four squash courts, from
which a choice can be made by even the most amateur of budding fitness hopefuls. So how
do you join?

87.

However, as beneficial and tempting as all this may sound, it’s really no good if you have
little or no staying power. Getting back to the current members, I quite simply posed the
following question: how does one manage to get fit and then stay fit? What folk of mettle
keep going and persevere throughout snowy January, drizzly April, and lazy August ...?

88.

It almost seems unfair, doesn’t it, such a decision first thing in the morning! We may be
faced with that early morning state of drowsiness, but this is where the fight for fitness is
either won or lost. It requires strength of mind long before you concern yourself with matters
of the body. For beware! As you awake, a little voice suggests to you from your pillow that
you don’t really have to get up early and go to the gym ... just five more minutes ...
 89.

Sadlly now added that although it takes 30 days to make a habit, it takes just three to break it.
Missing one workout makes it all too easy to miss the next one ... and the one after that.
Soon enough it seems acceptable to be going once a week nstead of three tomes and then
you’re just around the corner from joining once-a-month crowd. Before you know it you
have reached the point of no return and daren’t show your face at that ‘wretched place’.

90.

Well, don’t lose heart. Do you realise that nobody in fact ever feels like working out? It
doesn’t matter who you are, those first five minutes on the treadmill are always a killer. It’s
around the middle of your workout that you start to get into the swing of things and maybe
even enjoy it, and by the end you feel like you could conquer the world!

91.

Needless to say, however, there are a few instances when you should miss a workout and it’s
very important to listen to what your body is telling you. It is also seriously unwise to take
up any form of strenuous physical activity without first consulting your general practitioner.
Equally, you should provide your personal fitness trainer with details of your medical history
so you can be advised accordingly on a suitable fitness programme.

92.

Whatever you age or health condition, however, the same message seems to be loud and
clear; some form of physical activity is essential if we are to lead productive, fulfilling,
stress-free lives.

Missing Paragraphs:
A Marchton Sport Club boasts two types of annual membership that offer a wide range
of facilities depending on personal preference, making it the most versatile fitness
membership in the southwest. Options are also available for weekly or monthly passes, in
addition to student and OAP concessions. There are also many specialised programmes if
you want to try out something more specific or trendy like yoga, weight-watchers of ‘parents
and babies’. It sounds attractice, doesn’t it?

B The center is our largest and newest facility, offering everything that a private club
might provide including cafeterias, a four-star restaurant and conference rooms. These
amenities are well above the standard to which provincial towns have previously been
accustomed, and I would recommd taking up membership to anyone interested in the well-
eing of Marchton.

C The Director reassures us that, should someone feel distressed or unwell during a
training session, this is promptly communicated to a club representative, and that there are
always qualified nursing staff on hand ready to administer first aid if the need arises.

D Now everybody knows that it’s good to work out ... that we should work out. But who
are these people who actually partake in the ritual? How can they have so much energy, so
little stress, and why don’t they look like super-models? Well, they are in fact no more than
normal, everyday people, to whom some refer as ‘the chosen ones’ or to be more precise ‘the
ones who have chosen’ – chosen to live a healthy balanced lifestyle by exercising on a
regular basis.

E But this is precisely the moment when you need to insist in no uncertain terms that
such a suggestion is plainly ridiculous, and has been so from the day on which you
purchased that membership! Believe it or not, this is one battle that is won in the bedroom
and if you can just make it out of bed, (or out of the office or out of the house, depending on
what time of day you prefer ...) you’re halfway there!

F Says Sally, one such persevering member: “Well, to help you keep that new habit
fresh, you need a frame of mind that should help you to stay on track and discover a lifetime
fitness freedom. I think the key moment comes as soon as the alarm goes off. This is when
the deciosn is made, in those first seconds of early morning when the sub-conscious is
grinding its gears and facing the first challenge of the day: getting our of bed. You must be
tough with yourself.”

G There’s a reason for that which I’ve already mentioned, and they’re called
‘endorphins’. They result from a chemical reaction that takes place in your body after your
workout and their main purpose if ... to make you feel good! This is a hormone whose soel
function is to create a feeling of well-being. In other words, it’s your body’s way of thanking
you for taking care of it.

H “If you do miss one morning, don’t berate yourself, just go the next day,” she says.
“What you need to be telling yourself is this: okay, this is it. I am choosing right now to have
an active lifestyle.” So, are we really up to it? We live after all in a world of ease where
physical activity is avoided, even shunned. Imagine the TV without the remote, going any
distance on foot or even carrying the supermarket shopping all the way home. Is there really
anyone who wants to work out that much?

Your answers:
89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95.

Part 5. For questions 96-105, you are going to read an article about the future of genetic
engineering. Choose from the sections (A-E) the correct answer to each of the question.
The sections may be chosen more than once. Write your answers in the corresponding
boxes provided. (15 points)
A. Samuel
It's a common misconception that those of us who have jobs which involve clocking up air
miles are the lucky ones. There is nothing worse than spending countless nights in a string of
faceless hotels, because no matter what the standard is, they are still totally devoid of that
essential element of homeliness which is present in your own environment or even when
being put up by friends. The night-time accommodation is only one of the aspects of
imposed travel that I abhor. I always travel Business or First, the intention being that I lose
no unnecessary time catching up on sleep and the dramatic shifts from day to night have
minimal impact on my sleep patterns. But no level of comfort can compensate for regular
sleep! There is no way round the fact that if on a weekly basis you change time zone four
times, - and we're not talking just a couple of hours' time difference -you are going to feel
and see the side effects. Bloating, bad skin, hormonal imbalances, not to mention fatigue.
Added to that, the disagreeable reality that office work left behind has to be dealt with on my
return. No, when my holiday comes round, the prospect of an exotic destination holds zero
appeal. I'd rather cycle round the park.
B. Phoebe
I'm definitely a traveller, not a tourist. My ultimate aim when seeking new travel experiences
is to expand my understanding of different cultures. To that end, hotels are out for me. I don't
care much for them anyway and on the kind of budgets that I move around on, they are not
really accessible. I tend to find accommodation with local families; that way I get a better
understanding of the real people, their habits, customs and the accepted forms of behaviour
for me and them. It also allows exposure to language in a different way. I might hear
unrestricted slang used in a real context. You'd never find that in a language learning book.
Language and culture are my passion and the more I travel, the more I see connections. It's
true we are all somehow connected. I would never have realised half of these things from
reading books. I've worked with small indigenous communities on four continents and in ten
different countries. Every single experience has been unique, precious and taught me
something new about myself. It's a cliche, but travel really does broaden the mind.
C. Myriam
Destination is of little importance, what matters to me is the setting when I reach it. Coastal,
hot, clean, luxurious, those are the boxes that must be ticked. Aside from that, it really is
irrelevant. My requirements are a holiday involving relaxation, comfort and security. I go
away up to three times a year but always on all-inclusive deals which offer good value for
money. The prospect of leaving the resort or complex holds no appeal for me. Do I sound
ignorant, uncultured, chauvinistic even? Not at all, I'm a working mum! My everyday life is
a hellfire of fatigue and a relentless treadmill of activities. When I get my time off, all I want
to do is put my feet up and enjoy the cocktails, no visiting, cooking, cleaning, worrying. The
kids love the kids' clubs and I love the sun. When I come to the end of my holidays, I feel
rested and ready to go again. I have friends who holiday independently with their offspring,
only to come back and need a week's recovery period. What's the point of that? Holidays are
for unwinding.,Try out my tried-and-tested formula before you criticise.
D. Marvin
Honesty seems to have come with age. Were I absolutely truthful with myself, then I would
admit that any holiday or trip is always greatly improved by hindsight. When I look back at
photos or read my travel diary or discuss experiences with old travelling companions, I
realise that the memories are better than the actual reality. Travelling is tiresome. Flying is
exhausting. Constantly making whimsiEal decisions on what to visit, where to eat, how to
choose is irritating because you feel a constant pressure: Is this the right thing to do? Are we
missing something? Are we being swindled or taken for a ride? All these insecurities of the
traveller are swept away when we think back, but when we're living them, we ask ourselves
why we took steps to immerse ourselves in an alien culture, with an alien language and
peculiar customs. Perhaps it's because we want to force ourselves to battle with new
experiences and manage, or maybe it simply serves as a point of reference from which we
can safely conclude that home is best and we are truly lucky. Travel is an essential part of
life, if only to see what we are not missing.
Which person expresses each of these opinions about travel? Your answers
 Travel undertaken through necessity is never pleasurable. 96. __________
 Staying with friends is preferable to hotel accommodation. 97. ___________
 Extensive travel takes its toll on the body. 98. ___________
 Holidays are pointless if you can't recharge your batteries. 99. ___________
 Travel is a truly educational exploit. 100. ___________
 The logistics of travel are rarely enjoyable. 101. ___________
 Travel makes us appreciate our lot. 102. ___________
 It must provide respite from the daily grind. 103. ___________
 It is a means to encounter unusual minority groups. 104. ___________
 Not showing an interest in other cultures is frowned upon. 105. ___________
Your answers:
96. 97. 98. 99. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104. 105.

IV. WRITING (60 points)

 Part 1. Read the following extract and use your own words to summarize it. Your
summary should be between 100 and 120 words. (15 points)

The world’s consumption of fossil fuels climbed to a record high last year, driving emissions
to more than 40 gigatonnes of CO2 for the first time, according to a global energy report.
Despite a record rise in the use of renewable energy in 2023, consumption of fossil
fuels continued to increase too, an annual review of world energy by the Energy Institute
found. Juliet Davenport, the president of the Energy Institute, said the report had revealed
“another year of highs in our energy-hungry world” including a record high consumption of
fossil fuels, which rose by 1.5% to 505 exajoules. The findings threaten to dash hopes held
by climate scientists that 2023 would be recorded as the year in which annual emissions
peaked before the global fossil fuel economy begins a terminal decline. The Energy Institute,
the global professional body for the energy sector, found that while energy industry
emissions may have reached a peak in advanced economies, developing economies are
continuing to increase their reliance on coal, gas and oil. Overall, fossil fuels made up 81.5%
of the world’s primary energy last year, down only marginally from 82% the year before,
according to the report, even as wind and solar farms generated record amounts of clean
electricity. The report, authored by consultants at KPMG and Kearney, found that wind and
solar power climbed by 13% last year to reach a new record of 4,748 terawatt hours in 2023.
But that was not enough to match the world’s growing consumption of primary energy,
which rose 2% last year to a record high of 620 exajoules and led to more fossil fuel use. The
review found that the world’s appetite for gas remained steady in 2024 while consumption of
coal climbed by 1.6% and oil demand rose by 2% to reach 100m barrels a day for the first
time. Simon Virley, the UK head of energy and natural resources at KPMG, said: “In a year
where we have seen the contribution of renewables reaching a new record high, ever
increasing global energy demand means the share coming from fossil fuels has remained
virtually unchanged at just over 80% for yet another year.” Nick Wayth, the Energy
Institute’s chief executive, added that the “slow” progress of the energy transition “masks
diverse energy stories playing out across different geographies”. “In advanced economies,
we observe signs of demand for fossil fuels peaking, contrasting with economies in the
global south for whom economic development and improvements in quality of life continue
to drive fossil growth,” said Wayth. The report found that, in India, fossil fuel consumption
climbed by 8% last year, matching the increase in overall energy demand to make up 89% of
all energy use. This meant that, for the first time, more coal was used in India than Europe
and North America combined, it said. In Europe, fossil fuels fell to below 70% of primary
energy use for the first time since the Industrial Revolution, driven by falling demand and
the growth of renewable energy. Europe’s demand for gas in particular has continued to
tumble since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, which caused pipeline gas
imports into Europe to collapse. Overall gas demand fell by 7% in 2023, according to the
report, after a fall of 13% the previous year.
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Part 2. The chart show the album sales in the USA in 2020 and data on BTS top hits
streams worldwide in March 2020. Summarize the information by selecting
and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
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Part 3. Essay writing (30 points) Write an essay of about 350 words on the following
topic.
In the modern workplace, the concept of a strong work ethic has diminished due to
advancements in technology and changing societal values.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with the statement?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge
or experience. Write at least 350 words.
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