HW10 KO TO

JMJ Page 1
MARGES, Kwin Althea C. May 07, 2024

CE- 2 BES 220/ 7:30 HW 10
Bro. Cristino M. Sta. Ana, FMS. F4
1. Explain and Discuss energy. Illustrate the importance of energy as “the
ability to do work.”
Energy is the ability to do work or produce heat. It is a fundamental part of
everything in the cosmos, including the biggest celestial bodies and the tiniest
subatomic particles. There are many different types of energy, including nuclear,
chemical, electrical, kinetic, potential, and thermal energy. According to the rule of
conservation of energy, even though energy can change forms or move from one
item to another, its overall quantity in an isolated system stays constant. Since
energy is essential to many scientific theories and modern technology
developments, understanding it is vital. It finds use in disciplines such as
engineering, economics, biology, chemistry, and physics. We use energy in our daily
lives to carry out activities like heating, cooking, lighting, communicating, and
traveling. vigor furthermore
2. Define Geologic Resources of Energy.
Fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, are created over millions of years
from the remains of extinct plants and animals. Geologic resources are a source of
energy. Additional geologic resources include renewable energy sources like solar,
wind, and hydro power as well as uranium, which can be used to create nuclear
energy.
3. Compare and contrast between renewable energy & non-renewable energy.
Renewable energy sources include hydropower, wind, and solar electricity, which
may replenish themselves organically over time. On the other hand, non-renewable
energy sources, such coal, oil, and natural gas, are limited resources that, once
depleted, cannot be replenished.
4. Describe the importance of geological resources to (a) Civil engineering
and (b) our day-to-day way of life.
(a) Geological resources are used in civil engineering to plan and construct
infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, and buildings. Large-scale undertakings like
building tunnels and dams also depend on these resources. (b) Geological
resources play a major role in the production of energy, transportation,
manufacturing, agriculture, and many other aspects of our daily lives.
5. Describe the processes that lead to the formation of coal deposits.
Plant matter first accumulates in marshy places and eventually becomes buried
under sedimentary rock to generate coal deposits. The heat and pressure from the
rocks above the plant material turns it into peat, bituminous coal, lignite, and finally
anthracite over millions of years.
6. Explain the processes that lead to the formation of oil and gas, the
distinction between source rocks and reservoir rocks, and the importance of
traps.
The remains of marine creatures that lived millions of years ago are what produce oil
and gas. Following their demise, the sedimentary rock that covered their remnants
eventually gave rise to source rocks. The organic matter was converted into liquid
hydrocarbons (oil) and gaseous hydrocarbons (natural gas) by heat and pressure
from the rocks above. Because reservoir rocks are permeable and porous,
hydrocarbons can pass through them. Because they stop oil and gas from forming
and accumulating in large enough amounts for commercial usage, traps are vital.
7. Describe the origins and recovery of some of the unconventional fossil
fuels.
Resources such as coalbed methane, oil shale, and tar sands are examples of
unconventional fossil fuels. Sand, clay, water, and bitumen—a heavy crude oil that
can be recovered and converted into useful products like gasoline and diesel—
combine to form tar sands. Oil shale is a sedimentary rock with fine grains that
contains kerogen, a solid organic substance that may be heated and compressed to
create liquid hydrocarbons. When methane becomes trapped in coal seams, usually
due to microbial activity, coalbed methane is created. Depending on the particular
resource, several processing techniques are usually used after mining or drilling to
remove it.
8. Explain the difference between a reserve and a resource and the factors that
determine whether a resource is regarded as a reserve.
A concentration of a mineral resource that would not be economically feasible to
extract at this time is called a resource, whereas a reserve is a quantifiable amount

of a mineral resource that can be economically mined. The market demand,
technological developments, and economic viability of a resource all influence
whether it is considered a reserve or not.
9. Compare the geologic processes that lead to the formation of coal, oil, and
natural gas deposits.
There are notable differences in the geologic processes that give rise to reserves of
natural gas, oil, and coal. Oil and gas are created from the remains of marine
species, whereas coal is created by the accumulation and subsequent burial of plant
material. Although the exact circumstances and times of these processes differ, they
both require heat and pressure over millions of years.
10.Nuclear Energy: Understand how a nuclear reactor works and discuss the
pros and cons of nuclear energy.
The process of nuclear fission, in which an atom's nucleus separates into two
smaller nuclei, produces nuclear energy. This releases a lot of heat, which powers a
turbine to create steam and generating electricity. High energy density, low carbon
emissions, and the possibility of dependable baseload power generation are some of
the benefits of nuclear energy. The drawbacks include worries about waste
management, safety, and the possibility of terrorist attacks or nuclear mishaps.
11.Describe each of the renewable sources of energy and compare their
importance to fossil-based energy sources.
Solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and biomass energy are examples of renewable
resources. Solar power systems and photovoltaic cells are two methods of capturing
solar radiation, which is the source of solar energy. Turbines are used in wind energy
systems to transform wind energy into electrical power. The gravitational force of
falling water is harnessed by hydro energy to produce power. Geothermal energy
harnesses the heat that is retained in the Earth's core to generate heat or power.
The process of producing useable energy in the form of heat, electricity, or biofuels
from organic materials such as wood, agricultural wastes, and municipal garbage is
known as biomass energy.

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JMJ Page 1

MARGES, Kwin Althea C. May 07, 2024

1. Explain and Discuss energy. Illustrate the importance of energy as “the

Energy is the ability to do work or produce heat. It is a fundamental part of

energy is essential to many scientific theories and modern technology

developments, understanding it is vital. It finds use in disciplines such as

traveling. vigor furthermore

2. Define Geologic Resources of Energy.

depleted, cannot be replenished.

4. Describe the importance of geological resources to (a) Civil engineering

and (b) our day-to-day way of life.

infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, and buildings. Large-scale undertakings like

resources play a major role in the production of energy, transportation,

manufacturing, agriculture, and many other aspects of our daily lives.

5. Describe the processes that lead to the formation of coal deposits.

anthracite over millions of years.

7. Describe the origins and recovery of some of the unconventional fossil

due to microbial activity, coalbed methane is created. Depending on the particular

determine whether a resource is regarded as a reserve.

A concentration of a mineral resource that would not be economically feasible to

extract at this time is called a resource, whereas a reserve is a quantifiable amount

technological developments, and economic viability of a resource all influence

whether it is considered a reserve or not.

natural gas deposits.

both require heat and pressure over millions of years.

pros and cons of nuclear energy.

management, safety, and the possibility of terrorist attacks or nuclear mishaps.

11.Describe each of the renewable sources of energy and compare their

importance to fossil-based energy sources.

falling water is harnessed by hydro energy to produce power. Geothermal energy

known as biomass energy.

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