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The Digestive system

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25 views11 pages

The Digestive system

Uploaded by

Adriatik Meta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Digestive System

By the end of this lesson student will:

• Identify the major parts of


digestive system
• Describe the role of each of
these parts
• Explain how food is digested in
our bod
Worksheet
• The digestive system is made up of a series of organs that allows our body to get the nutrients and energy it needs from
the food we eat. Digestion starts in the mouth, where chewing and saliva breaks down food so it is more easily processed
by your body. Once you swallow, the food enters the esophagus, which is a muscular tube that connects the pharynx, or
throat, to the stomach. The esophagus contracts as it moves food into the stomach.
• Next is the stomach, an organ with strong muscular walls. It holds the food and mixes it with acid and enzymes that
continue to break the food down into a liquid or paste.
• The small intestine is the workhorse of the digestive system. It will continue to break down food with enzymes released
by the pancreas and bile released from the liver.
• The pancreas helps digestion by producing digestive enzymes and secreting them into the duodenum, the first segment
of the small intestine. These enzymes break down protein, fats, and carbohydrates.
• The liver is another organ with many functions. Its main responsibilities in the digestive process are to make and secrete
bile. Bile has two main purposes: to help absorb fats and to carry waste from the liver that cannot pass through the
kidneys. Bile is stored in the gallbladder, which is a pear-shaped reservoir located just under the liver.
• The large intestine is a five to seven-foot long muscular tube that connects the small intestine to the rectum and is
responsible for processing waste so that defecation is easy and convenient. The rectum is an eight-inch chamber that
connects the colon to the anus. The rectum receives stool from the colon, sends signals to the brain if there is stool to be
evacuated.
Digestive
System:
I. Alimentary canal

1. Mouth
2. Pharynx
3. Esophagus
4. Stomach
5. Small Intestine
6. Large Intestine
Digestive
System:
II. Accessory organs
1. Salivary glands
2. Liver
3. Gall bladder
4. Pancreas
1. Mouth
*Oral Cavity : Teeth, Tongue, Salivary
glands

• Teeth : Break down the food


• Toungue: mix the food with saliva
• Salivary glands: secrete saliva
which mixes with the chewed
food.
2. Pharynx

• is the muscle-lined space that connects the


nose and mouth to the larynx and
esophagus (eating tube)

• Contains the Epiglottis which covers the


opening of the respiratory system.
3. Oesophagus

● The esophagus is a muscular tube that


perform peristalsis.

● The movement of food is known as


peristalsis.
4. Stomach

The stomach cells makes gastric juices


which mix with the food.
The gastric juices contain:
• a protease enzyme (pepsin)-
breaks down proteins into amino
acids.

• hydrochloric acid (pepsin works


best in an acidic environment of pH
2)
5. Small Intestine

❑ Most of the digestion happens.

❑ 3 Juices are secreted in here:


➢ Bile
➢ Pancreatic juice
➢ Intestinal juice

❖ Bile break down fats without changing their


chemical nature.

❑ After the nutrients are digested into their basic


unit it is absorbed into the blood stream
6. Large Intestine
➢ Indigested molecules passes into the
large intestine.

➢ The faeces are stored in the rectum


until it is excreted through the anal
canal.
Re-cap

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