Ethiopia South Sudan Electric Grid Interconnection Project 80

SECTION 7. TERMS OF REFERENCE

 Ethiopian Electric power South Sudan Electricity Corporation
(EEP) (SSEC)

(i).
ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER (EEP)

SOUTH SUDAN ELECTRICITY CORPORATION (SSEC)

TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR)

FOR THE
CONSULTANCY SERVICE FOR THE
PREPARATION OF FEASIBILITY STUDY,
DESIGN, AND BIDDING DOCUMENT, OF THE
ETHIOPIA SOUTH SUDAN ELECTRIC GRID
INTERCONNECTION PROJECT

April, 2024
 Ethiopia South Sudan Electric Grid Interconnection Project 82

i) Table of Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................... 85
2.0 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT ................................................................................................ 85
3.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION ...................................................................... 86
4.0 BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON ETHIOPIA AND SOUTH SUDAN POWER SECTORS ............ 87
4.1 OVERVIEW OF THE ETHIOPIA POWER SECTOR ........................................................................... 87
4.2 OVERVIEW OF THE SOUTH SUDAN’S POWER SECTOR ................................................................... 90
5.0 OBJECTIVE OF THE ASSIGNMENT ............................................................................................... 91
5.1 FEASIBILITY STUDY, DETAILED DESIGN AND PREPARATION OF TENDER DOCUMENTS ..................................... 91
5.2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) ..................................................................... 92
5.3 RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP) .................................................................................................... 94
5.4 STRUCTURE OF THE FEASIBILITY STUDY REPORT ...................................................................................... 95
6.0 PHASES OF THE STUDY............................................................................................................... 96
6.1 FEASIBILITY STUDY, DETAILED DESIGN AND PREPARATION OF TENDER DOCUMENTS ..................................... 96
6.1.1 Phase I – Study on the Possible Alternatives, Selection of the Preferred Scheme and
Preliminary Design .......................................................................................................................... 96
6.1.1.1 Data Collection and Review ...........................................................................................................97
6.1.1.2 Preliminary Power Demand Study .................................................................................................97
6.1.1.3 Definition of alternative power line routes and substation locations and layouts .......................97
6.1.1.4 Definition of the Characteristics of Structures ..............................................................................98
6.1.1.5 Inception Report ............................................................................................................................98
6.1.1.6 Development of criteria for classification and selection of Best Option .......................................99
6.1.1.7 Preliminary Design Report .............................................................................................................99
6.1.2 PHASE II: Feasibility Study...................................................................................................... 99
6.1.2.1 Demand Forecast and Power Market Analysis ............................................................................ 100
6.1.2.2 Generation and Transmission Expansion Plan (GTEP). ................................................................100
6.1.2.3 Supply-Demand Analysis..............................................................................................................101
6.1.2.4 Optimal Route Selection ..............................................................................................................101
6.1.2.5 Network Analysis .........................................................................................................................101
6.1.2.6 Project cost ..................................................................................................................................103
6.1.2.7 Project viability ............................................................................................................................104
6.1.2.8 Project benefits............................................................................................................................104
6.1.2.9 Economic Analysis........................................................................................................................104
6.1.2.10 Financial Analysis .......................................................................................................................105
6.1.2.11 Organizational and institutional analysis ...................................................................................105
6.1.2.12 Schedule of implementation .....................................................................................................105
6.1.2.14 Feasibility reports ......................................................................................................................106
6.1.3 PHASE III: Detailed Design and Preparation of Tender Documents ..................................... 107
6.1.3.1 Geotechnical investigations and complementary topographical works ......................................107
6.1.3.2 Detailed Engineering Design ........................................................................................................107
6.1.3.3 Preparation of Bidding Documents & Request for proposal for the Management and
Supervision Consultant ............................................................................................................................109
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6.2 SCOPE OF WORK FOR ESIA ............................................................................................................... 110

6.2.1 Specific Requirements .......................................................................................................... 110
6.2.2. General............................................................................................................................... 111
6.2.3 Task 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................. 112
6.2.4. Task 2. Policy, Legislative, Regulatory and Administrative Considerations ....................... 112
6.2.5. Task 3. Project Description ................................................................................................. 112
6.2.6. Task 4. Environmental and Social Baseline Conditions ...................................................... 113
6.2.7. Task 5. Identifying and Analysis of Alternatives ................................................................. 113
6.2.8 Task6.: Determination of the potential impacts of the proposed projects ...................... 114
The Consultant should assess the cost of reduction of dependence of South Sudan on thermal
power as a way to indicate the actual economic/financial of the reduction and its contribution to
climate change reduction. This reduction should link with the justification of the project
alternative chosen. ....................................................................................................................... 117
6.2.9 Task 7: Formulation of Mitigation Measures ...................................................................... 117
6.2.10. Task 8: Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan ........................... 117
6.2.11. Task 9: Stakeholder Identification, Consultations, Information Disclosure and Grievance
Redress Mechanism ...................................................................................................................... 118
6.2.12. Task 10. Development of Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) ............. 118
6.2.13. Task 11. Capacity Development and Training ................................................................. 119
6.2.14. Task 12. Budget ............................................................................................................... 119
6.2.15. Task 13. Conclusion and Recommendation ..................................................................... 120
6.2.16. Task 14. Preparation of the ESIA Report .......................................................................... 120
6.2.17. Task 15. Approval ............................................................................................................. 120
6.3. ESIA METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH ............................................................................................... 120
6.3.1. Desk review: ........................................................................................................................ 121
6.3.2. Site visit: .............................................................................................................................. 121
6.3.3. ESIA Report ........................................................................................................................ 122
6.4 SCOPE OF WORK FOR RAP ................................................................................................................ 123
6.4.1. Specific Requirements ........................................................................................................ 123
6.4.2. General............................................................................................................................... 124
6.4.3. Task 1. Description of the project .................................................................................... 126
6.4.4. Task 2. Potential impacts ................................................................................................. 126
6.4.5. Task 3. Objectives ............................................................................................................ 126
6.4.6. Task 4. Census survey and baseline socio-economic studies ........................................... 126
6.4.7. Task 5: Legal Framework ................................................................................................. 127
6.4.8. Task 6: Eligibility .............................................................................................................. 127
6.4.9. Task 7: Valuation of and compensation for losses .......................................................... 127
6.4.10. Task 8: Site selection, site preparation, and relocation .............................................. 127
6.4.11. Task 9: Housing, infrastructure, and social services .................................................... 128
6.4.12. Task 10: Environmental protection and management ................................................ 128
6.4.13. Task 11: Community participation .............................................................................. 128
6.4.14. Task 12: Integration with host populations ................................................................ 128
6.4.15. Task 13: Grievance (redress) mechanism .................................................................... 128
6.4.16. Task 14: Institutional Framework ................................................................................ 129
6.4.17. Task 15: Implementation schedule .............................................................................. 129

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6.4.18. Task 16: Costs and budget........................................................................................... 129

6.4.19. Task 17: Monitoring and evaluation ........................................................................... 129
6.4.20. Task 18: Arrangements for adaptive management .................................................... 130
6.4.21. Task 19: Development of Livelihood Restoration and Gender Action Plans................ 130
6.4.22. Task 20: Synthesize the Reports and Approval ........................................................... 132
6.5. RAP METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH .............................................................................................. 132
6.5.1. Desk review ........................................................................................................................ 132
6.5.2. Site visit ............................................................................................................................... 132
6.5.3 RAP Report ........................................................................................................................... 133
7. WORKSHOP AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER ................................................................................ 135
7.1 WORKSHOPS ........................................................................................................................ 135
7.2 TRAINING AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER .......................................................................... 135
7.3 COUNTER PERSONNEL AND KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER ............................................................... 136
8.0 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STUDY ........................................................................................... 137
9.0 FACILITITES TO BE PROVIDED BY THE CONSULTANT ................................................................. 137
9.1 PROCUREMENT OF COMPUTERS ......................................................................................................... 137
9.2 TRANSPORTATION....................................................................................................................... 138
10.0 OBLIGATIONS OF THE CONSULTANT FIRM ............................................................................. 138
10.1 CLEARANCE OF THE STUDY FROM COUNTRY DESIGNATED AUTHORITY .................................................... 139
11.0 OBLIGATIONS OF JTC ............................................................................................................. 139
12.0 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ................................................................................................ 140
13.0 PROFILES OF KEY EXPERTS TO BE PROVIDED BY THE CONSULTANT ........................................ 142
A) FEASIBILITY STUDY, DETAILED DESIGN AND PREPARATION OF TENDER DOCUMENTS .............................. 142
B) ESIA & RAP ............................................................................................................................... 143
14.0 UTILITIES ORGANOGRAM ...................................................................................................... 149
14.1 EEP ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE....................................................................................................... 149
14.1.1 HIGH LEVEL STRUCTURE OF ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER (EEP) ........................................... 149
14.2 SSEC ORGANOGRAM ..................................................................................................................... 150
15.0 SIMPLIFIED PROJECT DIAGRAM ............................................................................................. 151
ANNEX 1: THEMATIC STRUCTURE OF THE ESIA .............................................................................. 152
ANNEX 2: SAMPLE OUT LINE OF STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT PLAN............................................. 158
ANNEX 3: SAMPLE TEMPLATE OF LABOR MANAGEMENT PLAN ..................................................... 159
ANNEX 4: SAMPLE TEMPLATE OF SECURITY MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................. 161
ANNEX 5: THEMATIC STRUCTURE OF RAP ...................................................................................... 164

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1.0 INTRODUCTION
Ethiopia's exploitable hydropower, wind and Geothermal potential is estimated about (162,000
GWh/a 45,000MW, 10000 MW and 5000 MW respectively which will be utilized for the country’s
indigenous demand and export. The Ethiopian potential can be conveniently developed at low.
South Sudan also has indigenous thermal generation resources, however thermal generation cost is
much higher compared to the hydro generation cost in Ethiopia. Therefore, there is a huge potential,
not only to export hydro energy during surplus period, but to develop hydropower schemes
exclusively for exporting energy for neighboring countries like South Sudan, Djibouti, Sudan, Kenya,
and further to other Northern, Western, Central and Southern African Power Pools (intercontinental
grid).

To use the surplus energy that is produced in Ethiopia, Ethiopia and South Sudan has signed a
memorandum of understanding through THE MINISTRY OF WATER AND ENERGY (MoWE) OF THE
FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA and THE MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND DAMS (MED) OF
THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH SUDAN on the development of power interconnection. The two countries
have agreed to develop interconnection of the electric power system through phases. The first phase
is to develop an interconnection through 230kV transmission line from Gambela town in Ethiopia to
Malakal town in South Sudan. The second phase is interconnection of the two power grids through
500kV transmission line from Deddesa_Tepi in Ethiopia to Bor Juba in South Sudan.

After further discussion between Ethiopian Electric Power of Ethiopia and South Sudan Electricity
Corporation of South Sudan, the two utilities has agreed to do feasibility study for the first phase of
interconnecting the two countries through 230kV transmission line from Gambela town in Ethiopia
to Malakal town in South Sudan with the financial support from African Development Bank. The
intention of this assignment is to assess the technical, financial and economic aspects of connecting
the two countries through 230kV transmission line, environment and social impact assessment, and
the resettlement action plan. The assignment will also include detailed design and preparation of the
tender documents.

2.0 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The ultimate goal of the project is to improve the quality of life of the South Sudan people by
interconnecting the Ethiopian grid with the South Sudanese one to support socioeconomic
development, economic integration, sharing of cheap energy resources between neighboring
countries. The project ensures power demand in South Sudan is served without jeopardizing power
demand in Ethiopia. It will also facilitate the East African Power Pool goal of interconnecting east
African countries and the integration of energy market among east African countries and whole
Africa in the future.
The two countries have agreed to accelerate interconnection of the two grids in order to facilitate
power exchange and trading.

The Specific objectives of the Project include:

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a) Provide electricity transmission infrastructure of adequate capacity to cater for grid

interconnection between Ethiopia and South Sudan;
b) Promote regional cooperation through sharing of power generation resources i.e., cross-
border electricity trading (promotion of electricity markets);
c) Improve security in the project area by providing reliable power supply to support public and
private investment projects;
d) Facilitation of rural electrification and improve the standard of living for the population in the
project areas;
e) Provide a stable and cheap electric power supply to Malakal and the Upper Nile state
communities in South Sudan;
f) Poverty reduction and Improvement of the standard of living by providing electricity needed
for health, education, clean water and communication infrastructures;
g) Reduce dependence on thermal based power supply in South Sudan thereby reducing carbon
emissions.

3.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND

The two countries have planned to interconnect their electricity grids in a way which will help
achieve what they have targeted towards the regional interconnection system. This intern will
facilitate development of their respective energy resources that is a necessary ingredient for
socioeconomic development and prosperity of the two countries.
The ultimate goal of the project is improving the livelihood of the people as well as the quality of the
socioeconomic development environment for South Sudan through increased availability and
affordability of electricity supply. The purpose of the Project is to improve access to electricity in
South Sudan through increased cross-border sharing of power and to provide reliable power supply
to the environs of the project. Ethiopia - South Sudan short- and long-term power interconnection is
indicated in the figure 1 below:

The proposed Gambella-Malakal transmission line will traverse a distance of approximately 378km.
The whole study is expected to deliver the (i) Techno – economic feasibility study including line route
selection, (ii) Detailed Design reports, (iii) complete bidding document, (iv) Environment and Social
Impact Assessment and the Resettlement Action Plan along the interconnection corridor. The study
will be the basis of fundraising for the implementation phase of the project. The current ToR aim to
engage the services of one competent consulting firm to undertake Feasibility Study, Detailed Design
and Preparation of Tender Documents and also the ESIA of the Project.

This assignment will consist of two contracts to be carried out by the same firm which can be named
as Lot-I and Lot-II: one for the Ethiopia component (Gambella to Ethiopia South Sudan boarder) and
another for South Sudan component (Ethiopia South Sudan border to Malakal). Both contracts will
run in parallel such that all the deliverables for one component will always be at the same level with
the other component so that both components are completed in nine (9) months. The final report
shall include a consolidated Economic and Financial assessment that will include the regional
economic and financial benefits of the project and its contribution to the EAPP interconnected and
integrated grid objectives.

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The project area covers the corridor from the existing Gambella-II 230 kV substation and extends
west ward to South Sudan by: -

a) Constructing transmission lines of:

 378 km, double circuit 230 kV transmission line from Gambella-II to Malakal substation
b) Constructing new substations
 New 230/132/33/11kV Malakal substation

NB: Consultant shall assess and determine the need for/ location of middle substation for series
transmission line compensation due to the long length of the transmission line.

Figure 1. Short term Ethiopia -South Sudan interconnection plan

4.0 BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON ETHIOPIA AND SOUTH SUDAN POWER SECTORS

(ii).4.1 OVERVIEW OF THE ETHIOPIA POWER SECTOR

The steep growth in the electricity sector introduced significant constraints in the former Ethiopian
Electric Power Corporation (EEPCo), which was a vertically integrated utility, both in terms of
infrastructure development and management. In 2013, EEPCo was restructured and divided into two
companies; Ethiopian Electric Power (EEP) and Ethiopian Electric Utility (EEU). generation and
transmission responsibilities are now managed by the Ethiopian Electric Power (EEP), while
distribution service is provided by the Ethiopian Electric Utility (EEU). A two-year external
management contract for EEU was signed in 2013 and concluded in August 2015.

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The Ethiopian Electric Power (EEP) is 100% state-owned enterprise, established by regulation No. 302
in December 2013 (as amended by regulation No. 381 in March 2016), is responsible for construction
and operation of electricity generation, transmission and sub-transmission (above 66 kV levels). The
main functions of EEP are: undertake feasibility and design studies for generation, transmission and
substations; undertake electricity generation, transmission and substation expansion as required;
operate and maintain generation, transmission and substation facilities; sell bulk power to EEU and
large industrial off-takers and lease transmission lines as needed. Section-13 presents the
organogram of EEP and SSEC respectively.

On the Ethiopian interconnected system, hydropower had the lion’s share with 4,813.6 MW (91.7 %)
of the installed capacity, followed by wind at 404 MW (7.7%), waste-to-energy 25 MW (0.5%), and
geothermal 7.2 MW (0.13%). Furthermore, in 2023, the total generated energy from the
interconnected system was 18,675 GWh, hydro still had the biggest share 14,971 GWh (96%)
followed by wind at 569 GWh (3.65%) and waste-to-energy (biomass) at 55 GWh (0.35%). The peak
demand on the interconnected system is 3550MW, in 2023, that includes the supply to Djibouti and
Sudan.

Currently there are a number of power projects under construction by EEP, including the Grand
Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (5,250 MW), Koysha hydro power project (1,800 MW), Aysha-I wind
power project (120 MW) which is at 80MW of its 120MW installed capacity is already synchronized
with the system and the remaining is under commissioning phase, and Aluto Langano geothermal
power project (70 MW). A number of Power Purchase Agreements (PPA) have also been entered
between EEP and private developers (IPPs), which include the Tulu Moye-I and II geothermal power
project (200 MW), Corbetti-I and II geothermal power project (150 MW), and two solar power
projects Dicheto and Gad (each 125 MW), with the developers currently working towards reaching
financial close.

The Interconnected System (ICS) has a total circuit length of more than 20,000 KM of High Voltage
(HV) transmission lines composed of the following:

Voltage HVDC HVAC

level 500 kV 500 kV 400 kV 230 kV 132 kV
Line circuit
433.7 2468 3136 8187 6029
length (km)

The existing AC cross-border interconnections with neighboring countries are the double circuit 230
kV transmission lines linking Ethiopia to Djibouti through a transmission line length of 296km
commissioned in 2010, and the 230 kV double circuit transmission lines between Ethiopia and Sudan
through a transmission line length of 194km commissioned in 2013. A 500 kV HVDC transmission line
with a 2,000 MW power transfer capacity has already been commissioned in 2022 and transferring
200 MW to Kenya. Additionally, there exist a small 33 kV distribution lines supplying border towns in
Kenya.

The interconnections mentioned helped EEP to export electric energy in 2023 fiscal year to Djibouti,
Sudan and Kenya which amounts 607Gwh, 551Gwh and 564.99Gwh respectively.

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 Ethiopia South Sudan Electric Grid Interconnection Project 89

To increase the energy export to Sudan and Djibouti Ethiopian Electric Power is developing and
constructing additional interconnection transmission lines of 500kV and 230kV respectively.
Interconnecting Somaliland and Mogadishu through high voltage transmission line is also under
development stages.

The energy selling price negotiation for supplying Tanzania through the existing 500kV HVDC linking
Ethiopia to Kenya has reached to its final stages.

Ethiopia’s main power supply system is made up of a publicly owned and operated interconnected
system with an installed capacity above 5,250 MW.

Due to the upcoming generation facilities, Ethiopia’s installed generation capacity will increase up to
10,000 MW in 2025, all from renewable resources; this will make Ethiopia to be a good candidate in
the region for supplying bulk affordable electricity to regional countries.

Figure 2 Power Transmission network of Ethiopia

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(iii).4.2 OVERVIEW OF THE SOUTH SUDAN’S POWER SECTOR

Because the electric energy in South Sudan is fully supplied from thermal electric plants which use
petroleum fuels; affordability by the citizen for electricity supply is very difficult and makes it
challenging for the South Sudan government to responding to the 20% yearly power demand growth
in the country.

But Ethiopia’s fair and competitive power export price and good geographical advantages to
interconnecting with the South Sudan’s grid, will benefit South Sudan from the reasonably priced
electricity and of course assist the Government in responding to the increasing electric power
demand.

South Sudan has the lowest electricity consumption per capita in sub-Saharan Africa, according to
the United Nations SDG7 tracking report for 2021, access to electricity compared to the population is
8% which makes South Sudan to have the lowest connectivity rate in the world, due to its
underdeveloped energy infrastructure, which has been severely impacted by decades of conflict. The
investment in power generation and transmission infrastructure is considered a priority by the
government; however, securing the intensive capital required from both public and private sector
financiers remains a critical challenge.

Currently, South Sudan electricity network relies on 33kV voltage level for transmission and
distribution with a Government and private generation companies having an estimated total installed
capacity of 141MW from diesel fueled generation out of which only 76.5 MW is operational. In the
coming months, the government of the Republic of South Sudan had constructed Solar PV power
plant with a capacity of 20MWp PV Solar + 35MWh BESS pending waiting integration with the
existing IPP of EZRA power plant. Even though the above-mentioned developments in scaling up the
power generation in the country, demand still exceeds the generation. Therefore, Ethiopian-South
Sudan interconnection will immensely benefit South Sudan in responding to her citizens electric
power demand. In Ethiopia, the power sector is expanding at an unprecedented rate in an effort to
support rapid economic growth in the country and even respond to the potential power demand
from the neighboring countries.

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Figure 3 Power transmission network of South Sudan

5.0 OBJECTIVE OF THE ASSIGNMENT

(iv).5.1 Feasibility Study, Detailed Design and Preparation of Tender Documents

The main objective of the Study is to investigate and assess the overall feasibility of the proposed
Ethiopia (Gambella-II) – South Sudan (Malakal) 230 kV Power system Interconnection Project
considering the existing and future power generation and transmission lines in Ethiopia and South
Sudan.

The specific objectives of the assignment are to:

(v). Perform a detailed techno-economic Feasibility Study considering the future power sector
development in each country, including detailed load forecast for the project area.
(vi). Prepare detailed designs including the transmission lines profile, line route topographic
survey, preliminary geotechnical of the investigation of the line corridor and substation
sites, and detailed specifications for each substation and transmission line based on best
engineering practices and fulfilling the requirement in the Ethiopian Grid code and/or
Eastern African power pool interconnection Grid codes. The project design shall take full
cognisance of the climate change aspects for the entire line route and the selected
substation sites.
(vii). Preparing best bidding documents based on the preference made by the stakeholders for
best outcomes of the project for the major components, and Request for proposal
documents for the project Management and Supervision Consultant.
(viii). Draft a Power Purchase Agreement and/or Power Sales and Sharing Agreement

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(ix). Advice on operational/maintenance arrangement of the interconnector and the capacity

building needs for the transmission utility in each of the countries.

The Consultant performing the Feasibility Study shall set the design criteria based on best
international practices, aligned to the Ethiopian Grid Code and East African Power Pool grid code
acceptable by EEP and South Sudan. The consultant shall undertake detailed network stability
analysis (load-flow, short circuit, contingency analysis, transient, sub-transient and dynamic analysis,
voltage, angle stability analysis, line series/shunt compensation optimization and net transfer
capacity, etc., among others that the consultant will deem necessary to effectively accomplish the
assignment) to verify the technical feasibility of the project. The raw data files in PSSE format will be
availed to the consultant from both parties in order to let develop the grid’s interconnected model.
The consultant after reviewing the raw data shall discuss and agree with EEP and SSEC on the
modeling criteria of the key system devices for these simulations. Using modern internationally
accepted techniques, the consultant will then carry out optimization studies and select the best
scheme from technical and economic point of view. Sensitivity analysis of selection of best scheme
shall be performed for various scenarios. The results of Network Analysis shall be submitted and
presented to EEP and SSEC in clear and adequate details at each milestone preferably in face-to-face
deliberation. Comments and inputs from EEP and SSEC shall be incorporated in the final report. In
conducting the power system study, the consultant shall closely work with EEP and SSEC, in particular
the Planning and Engineering Departments Heads and experts.

The Consultant shall review and carry out detailed system study for the selected and agreed scheme.

(x).5.2 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA)

The overall objective is to carry out an Environmental and Social Assessment (ESIA) for Ethiopia
(Gambella-II) – South Sudan (Malakal) 230 kV Power System Interconnection Project. This will include
establishment of a socio-environmental baseline, assessment of proposed development options,
scoping; prediction of the magnitude and significance of environmental and social impacts,
recommending mitigation measures for identified impacts, and devising how they can be
incorporated into project design and implementation plans. The study will be undertaken with in the
legal and technical requirements of the Governments of Ethiopia and South Sudan and the AfDB as
well as the World Bank. These, include GoE and GoSS requirements under Environment Protection
Act, 1997 and Environment Protection Rules, 1997 (with amendment), Forest Act and regulations,
National Park and Wildlife Conservation Act and regulations, environmental standards, work
procedures, guidelines, and manuals (e.g. Hydropower EIA Manual), etc; and the updated integrated
safeguard system of AfDB requirements in the updated integrated safeguards system as well as the
World Bank’s requirements under the ESF (ESS1 to ESS10), World Bank Group’s Environmental
Health and Safety Guidelines, including EHS Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission and
Distribution, and the World Bank Good Practice Notes (GPNs) on Labor influx and Gender-Based
Violence.
The project will also use the “Updated Integrated Safeguards System of AfDB Environmental and
Social Management Framework for Project Preparation and Implementation", which guides the
utilities in addressing and managing environment and social safeguards, public consultations, and
disclosure.

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The specific objectives of the Environmental and Social Impact assessment are:

(i). To characterise the project area using scientific methods of environmental and social
analysis and undertake baseline studies on the environmental, social, economic and
cultural conditions in the project area;
(ii). To identify, analyse and evaluate the type and extent of likely potential environmental and
social risk & impacts of the proposed project throughout the project life cycle with
emphasis on duration, significance, magnitude and distribution of beneficial/adverse
effects of the planned project on the existing biophysical, socio-economic and cultural
components, and assess the capacity of the institutions responsible for management of
these impacts;
(iii). To assess, in an integrated way, all relevant direct, indirect and cumulative environmental
and social risks and impacts throughout the project life cycle, including those specifically
identified in OSs 2 to 10, as well as contextual issues, such as the prevailing political
economy, which may affect how risks and impacts manifest themselves.
(iv). To provide mitigation measures for the identified environmental and social risk & impacts
and where residual impacts are predicted, a plan for their management including but not
restricted to offsets, action plans etc should be included;
(v). Evaluate the social and socio-economic aspects of proposed project, identify stakeholders,
carry out public consultations, including potentially project affected persons (PAPs),
religious & clan leaders (if applicable), and vulnerable groups, analyse their views
regarding the environmental and social impacts, design social provisions and measures,
formulate strategies for participatory implementation, and recommend the incorporation
of the findings into the project design;
(vi). To assess the best alternative project option with most benefits and least costs in terms of
financial, social, and environmental considerations;
(vii). Carryout alternative analysis and compare various Subproject planning and design options
in terms of their environmental and social consequences.

(viii). To develop the Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMP). The ESMP shall
outline the mitigation/enhancement, monitoring, consultative and institutional
strengthening measures to prevent, minimize, mitigate or compensate for adverse
environmental and social impacts and to enhance beneficial impacts, costs of the
measures and monitoring requirements;
(ix). To prepare the following relevant standalone management plans to support the ESIA
implementation based on both the national and Updated Integrated Safeguards System of
AfDB requirements.
 Labour Management Plan,
 Stakeholders Engagement Plan,
 Occupational and Community Health and Safety plan
 Biodiversity Management Plan
 Security management Plan

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The ESIA study will identify potential Environmental and Social Impacts that the project will have as
well as determine measures to prevent, minimize, mitigate or compensate for adverse impacts and
for an environmental enhancement; to be integrated in the planning and design of the project. The
ESIA will at the same time generate an environmental and social management plan (ESMP) that
describes in detail the mitigation measures to be carried out, the costing, scheduling and
responsibility of such measures, a detailed monitoring process and schedule.

(xi).5.3 Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)

The RAP will be prepared based on the Identification (Census) of PAPs/displaced persons, and Public
Consultations and Disclosure Procedures (PCDP). It will include information and principles regarding
compensation/resettlement of potential affected persons and their properties. A detailed RAP will be
prepared just after the project’s financial closure whereby the land demarcation and detailed
identification of PAPs and socio-economic baseline will be carried out.

The main objectives of the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) are as follows:

 To undertake socio-economic studies and document baseline conditions in terms of

demographic, livelihood and socio-economic conditions, and document all forms of
entitlement under the project.
 To identify and quantify different categories of project-affected persons (PAPS) who would
require compensation, rehabilitation or relocation; and some form of assistance.
 To undertake consultations and public engagement and produce a stakeholder report.
 To recommend cost effective measures to be implemented so as to mitigate the expected
impacts;
 Formulate criteria for eligibility and entitlement as well as methods and mechanisms for the
valuation of various categories of household and community assets for compensation, design
strategies for restoration of the income and livelihood of PAPs, special support measures for
vulnerable groups and social and community development projects;
 To undertake land survey to be able to delineate land requirements for the wayleaves
corridor and produce a survey report (strip maps) and use the information in the preparation
of cost estimates and budget for the RAP;
 Design mechanisms and procedures for the resolution of conflict and redress of grievances
arising from the implementation of the RAP and the project.

The resettlement action plan (RAP) study is a process of developing a document that describes the
measures and procedures for addressing the impacts of involuntary resettlement caused by a
development project. The RAP study will identify the following aspects:

 The project description, rationale, and objectives, as well as the actions taken to avoid and
minimize the need for resettlement.
 The relevant policies, laws, and regulations that apply to the land acquisition and
resettlement activities, as well as the entitlement policies and the methods of valuation and
compensation for the affected assets and livelihoods.
 The baseline situation of the affected population and the extent and nature of the
resettlement impacts, based on a census and a socio-economic survey.

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 The procedures and mechanisms for acquiring and developing the land and facilities needed
for resettlement and relocation, as well as the arrangements and schedule for the
implementation of the resettlement activities.
 The measures and programs to restore and improve the income and livelihoods of the
affected people, as well as to address any social and cultural impacts of the resettlement.
 The roles and responsibilities of the various institutions and stakeholders involved in the
planning, implementation, and monitoring of the resettlement activities, as well as the
coordination and communication mechanisms among them.
 The procedures and mechanisms for receiving, recording, and resolving the complaints and
grievances of the affected people and other stakeholders.
 The estimate of the costs and sources of funding for the resettlement activities, as well as
the financial management and disbursement procedures and the audit and reporting
requirements.
 The detailed timeline and sequence of the key resettlement activities, as well as the
milestones and deliverables for each activity and the responsible parties.
 The monitoring and evaluation indicators and mechanisms to assess the effectiveness and
sustainability of the resettlement activities.

If land acquisition or land use restrictions lead to significant economic displacement, a separate
livelihood restoration plan will be developed to provide displaced people with opportunities to
restore or improve their livelihoods; if a project only involves economic displacement, the
resettlement plan may be referred to as a "livelihood plan." If a resettlement plan is not necessary
and just a livelihood plan/ livelihood restoration plan is required, the agreement with the consultant
will be revised in accordance with the updated scope of work, schedule, and cost.

(xii).5.4 Structure of the Feasibility Study Report

The consultant shall submit the Feasibility Study report in the English Language and should be clear
and concise. The Report shall have but not limited to the following thematic structure:
 Executive Summary
 Introduction
 Project Description
 Approach and Methodology
 Demand Forecast and Power Market Analysis
 Generation and Transmission Expansion Plan
 Supply and Demand Analysis
 Optimal Route Selection
 Network Analysis and Reinforcements
 Power System Design and compensation equipment
 Substation Design
 Overhead Transmission Line Design and line profile and tower loading
 Geotechnical investigations and complementary topographical works
 Technical & economic analysis of various design options to select the optimum design for
implementation
 Project Cost

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 Financial and Economic Analysis

 Project Benefits
 Institutional Analysis and Commercial Considerations
 Risk Assumptions
 Recommendation
 Implementation Schedule/Arrangement
 Knowledge Transfer
 Appendixes
o Draft a Power Purchase Agreement and/or Power Sales and Sharing Agreement
o Operational/maintenance arrangement of the interconnector
o Etc

6.0 PHASES OF THE STUDY

(xiii).6.1 Feasibility Study, Detailed Design and Preparation of Tender Documents

In order to achieve the study objective, the study will be carried out in three phases that build up on
each other. The three phases are:
a) Phase I
- Study on the possible alternatives, selection and preliminary design of the preferred
scheme,
b) Phase II
- Feasibility Study on the preferred scheme,
c) Phase III
- Detailed Design and Preparation of Tender Documents.
As part of the assignment, the consultant shall prepare the draft TOR for supervision consultant,
draft Power Purchase Agreement through consultation of the concerned power utilities and
Ministries in both countries (Ethiopia and South Sudan). The draft PPA will be negotiated and signed
either prior approval of the project by financiers to finance the project or during construction phase
but at least six months before the completion of the project.

Along the same vein, the Consultant should include system/network reinforcement in South Sudan
and Ethiopia to ensure that at-least the demand served makes financial viability. In other words,
what is the minimum demand that will make the investment financially viable? The transmission
maintenance/ operations arrangement or framework shall be prepared and discussed, and finalized
with inputs from the two power utilities.

The study should indicate whether the project is bankable and ready for investment, and under what
circumstances this would not be the case.

ii) 6.1.1 Phase I – Study on the Possible Alternatives, Selection of the Preferred Scheme and
Preliminary Design

The Consultant shall:

i) Analyse, compare and evaluate different alternatives to select the preferred scheme,
including other voltage levels taking into account that this transmission line will link two

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national grids under EAPP. A preliminary assessment of future power market in relation
to the transmission line will be undertaken.

ii) Carry out optimisation studies for the same in order to recommend the best technical
and economical solution for this interconnection.

The Consultant shall carry out optimization studies for the different alternatives to select the
preferred scheme. The analyses of the different options will be presented to the Joint Technical
Committee (JTC) from South Sudan and Ethiopia for review and comments before the final study of
the recommended option is undertaken.

6.1.1.1 Data Collection and Review

The Consultant shall make arrangements for collecting all previous study reports pertaining to the
project and recent data on existing facilities, power demand, expansion plans, maps and other
relevant information from both Ethiopia and South Sudan. The consultant shall review consistency of
basic economic assumptions such as cost for unserved energy, discount rates, and other relevant
parameters. Consultant shall review among others, the available national power master plans for
Ethiopia and South Sudan, the Hydropower Expansion Plan and Regional Integration Plan of South
Sudan into Regional Electricity Grid and the Comprehensive Basin Wide study of the NBI, the IGAD
2020 Regional Infrastructure Masterplan as well as the EAPP master plan 2014 and assess how their
recommendations impact on this study. The Consultant shall review the technical options selected in
the light of technological changes and make reports with appropriate maps showing the locations of
the substations. All data collection and analysis activities will be harmonized with other on-going
activities /studies in Ethiopia and South Sudan.

6.1.1.2 Preliminary Power Demand Study

The consultant shall visit the project area both in Ethiopia and South Sudan as necessary and hold
consultations with all relevant stakeholders in order to collect the required data for carrying out the
study. The consultant shall collect data relating to the existing power grid and terminal stations,
namely: single-line diagrams; metering and protection; interrupting devices; telecommunication
systems; features relating to installation of equipment; Communication protocols and OPGW,
extensions areas; metal structures; etc. The consultant shall also correct data demand and supply
projects, and based on the collected data and information and various investigations that will be
analyzed, the consultant shall develop a power demand forecast for a time horizon of 20 years at 5-
year intervals or other agreed range.
6.1.1.3 Definition of alternative power line routes and substation locations and layouts

The Consultant shall: -

i) Based on available 1:50,000 scale maps, satellite pictures and aerial photographs in Ethiopia
and South Sudan and based also on any previous study report, determine a minimum of
three alternative routes of this 230kV transmission line and locations and layouts of
associated substations.

ii) Carry out quick exploration of layouts on the ground so as to check obstacles and important
information mentioned in documents, on maps, particularly access roads to future line

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construction sites, forests and protected sites, swampy areas, line-crossings on existing
infrastructure (railways, roads, water, communication, electricity, etc), etc. The consultant
must walk the line and utilize local sub consultants to avoid desktop studies.

iii) During this exploration exercise, collect necessary information, such as topographical and
geological data.

The power lines routes will, as much as possible, avoid ecologically sensitive areas/zones, congested
areas, protected sites forests, game reserves, concentrated settlements, other major development
facilities, etc .

The Consultant shall carryout geotechnical soil investigations at all angle points.

The Consultant shall provide coordinates for all angle points in UTM Arc 1960 datum zone 36N
format and clearly indicate the type of machine used and its accuracy. The Consultant is advised to
use a Differential GPS. All captured, analyzed and formatted data should be GIS compatible.

The consultant shall also determine the suitable location for the new border substations having
assessed alternatives and available existing project related feasibility study reports. Complete
assessment including geological, seismic, and geotechnical investigation of the sites identified for the
substations shall be conducted.

During the route selection work, the consultant shall work closely with Ethiopian Electric Power
(EEP), South Sudan Electricity Corporation (SSEC) and other key stakeholders.

6.1.1.4 Definition of the Characteristics of Structures

The Consultant shall study the functioning of the EEP and SSEC grid systems according to different
configurations. He shall carry out simulations and usual calculations so as to define the main
characteristics of the equipment considering also temperatures and environmental conditions,
particularly: operating voltage, level of insulation, conductor’s sections, stability studies of the
networks, behavior in dynamic state, reactive power compensation equipment, telecommunications
equipment. The software tool to be used should be compatible with others in the industry. The
Consultant is expected to hand over the simulation raw files to the Client after completion of the
study

6.1.1.5 Inception Report

NB: The consultant will prepare inception reports for each component (i.e., two standalone reports
one for Ethiopia and the other being for South Sudan). The Inception Reports will be reviewed
during the same workshop.

The layout of the different alternatives shall be presented in the Inception report which additionally
shall describe the information collected, field work that needs to be carried out, comments on TORs,
and an updated methodology and work plan. The consultant shall also present findings and
comments on the demand forecast and the characteristic structures of the interconnector and
equipment.

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The reports shall be submitted in electronic format (both pdf and editable format), within one and
half (1.5) months of the official commencement date.

The reports will be reviewed by a team of experts from the ministry and utility in Ethiopia and South
Sudan within two (2) weeks. after submission, and revised as needed by the Consultant as will be
agreed in the contract. The consultant will finance his own travel to present the reports.

6.1.1.6 Development of criteria for classification and selection of Best Option

The Consultant will propose criteria to be used in the choice of the best option based on the Network
Analysis, Economic Analysis and Overall Assessment. These criteria will be clearly defined and
justified. The Consultant will propose a classification of options which will be reviewed by a team of
experts and approved by JTC. The approval will be in a written form and be submitted to the
consultant.

The Consultant should in addition make reference to the Ethiopia and South Sudan Public Investment
Manual for Project Preparation and Appraisal and the published both country’s’ national parameters
when carrying out the feasibility study.

6.1.1.7 Preliminary Design Report

NB: The consultant will prepare Preliminary Design Reports for each component (i.e., two standalone
reports one for Ethiopia and the other being for South Sudan). The Preliminary Reports will be
reviewed during the same workshop.

The preliminary reports will include performed works under Phase I as detailed above with adequate
maps, drawings and other to illustrative materials for the preliminary options. The draft report shall
be submitted in electronic format, 2.5 months within the commencement of the study. The draft
report will be reviewed by a team of experts within two (2) weeks after submission, and revised as
needed by the Consultant as will be agreed in the contract. The consultants will finance their travel
to present the report.

The final preliminary reports shall be submitted within 4.5 months after commencement, almost two
months after the submission of the comments on the draft. The final preliminary report will be
submitted in electronic format. Approval of the Final Report will depend on the response of the
Consultant to comments offered by the stakeholders.

iii) 6.1.2 PHASE II: Feasibility Study

The Consultant shall carry out the feasibility study based on the findings of the preliminary design
study and the selected scheme.

Owing to the ongoing changes and expansions in the National Grids network and the on-going
regional grid integration, the Consultant shall identify possible configurations of the transmission line
ensuring flexibility and adequate robustness for future system expansion/upgrades. The Consultant
will complete the collection of data and incorporate any new information likely to influence the
exercise of optimization and determination of the economic viability of the whole project considering
ESIA results.

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6.1.2.1 Demand Forecast and Power Market Analysis

Based on data collected under Phase I, the consultant shall analyze previous country demand
forecasts and compare with actual registered demand levels and those of his own projections with a
view to explaining the differences observed and determine explanatory parameters of the demand
differences. Based on the Consultant’s estimates of the power demand and, if necessary, make
adjustments of projections, taking into consideration the above mentioned parameters and
generations projects likely to cause significant modifications of the forecasts. Based on the collected
data and information and various investigations that will be analyzed, the consultant shall develop a
detailed power demand forecast for a time horizon of 20 years at 5-year intervals or other agreed
range.

The consultant shall also carry out a Power Market Analysis for a period of 20 years and make a
report that shall include potential power trade scenarios through the interconnection.

The consultant shall review and update the existing demand forecasts for Ethiopia and South Sudan
using at least three modern techniques and taking due regard to changes that may have occurred
since the forecast was developed. The revised forecast in its different scenarios shall analyze both
energy and power market for the countries to be extrapolated to cover the project economic
lifetime. The resulting forecast information shall be submitted for EEP, SSEC, and JTC consideration
and acceptance before it is used further in the assignment. The economic life of the project shall be
partitioned into discrete durations/teams, of 5, 10, 15, and 20-year terms starting from 2024.

6.1.2.2 Generation and Transmission Expansion Plan (GTEP).

The available plans for development of generation and the transmission system expansion of the
country will be revised for the inter-connected system. Based on a harmonized planning criterion
proposed by the consultant and agreed on and adopted by the AfDB and the clients, the revised
GTEP will be extended as necessary to cover the project entire economic lifetime. As hydroelectric
generation is predominant in Ethiopia and will be predominant in South Sudan, simulation of hydro
capacity, energy profiles and evaluation of water values are key inputs of marginal costs of the
system. The consultant shall therefore review the assumptions, methodologies and tools to simulate
hydro generation in the countries. Where the hydro generation is part of a multipurpose hydro
project, the consultant shall use internationally accepted techniques for cost and risk allocation. The
consultant shall recommend and perform enhanced analysis of hydro generation scheduling. Before
embarking on GTEP, the consultant shall propose for approval sufficient and adequate level of
modeling of all major system devices to ensure accurate GTEP outputs. The resulting raw data files
shall be submitted to AFDB and the clients for comments and concurrence.

In carrying out the GTEP the consultant shall be expected to perform any necessary enhanced
analysis of demand forecasts and national Master Plans of Ethiopia and South Sudan and the
proposed interconnected system. The consultant will also propose scenarios for sensitivity analysis
that will cover but not be limited to (i) generation capacity and demand forecasts in Ethiopia and
South Sudan; (ii) fuel prices; (iii) regional power trade profiles (iv) any other parameter that may
impact the economic justification of the interconnection. The consultant will propose methodology

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to simulate power trade on a regional level under various scenarios (fuel costs, supply-demand
equilibrium, hydrological variability, etc.). The consultant shall also assess the potential for the
energy exports and imports to and from South Sudan, Ethiopia, Sudan, Djibouti, Uganda, Kenya,
Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi, Eastern DRC and the Southern Africa Power Pool (SAPP) region. This
assessment should consider existing and proposed interconnections and power developments in the
region. The assessment shall demonstrate the technical, financial and economic benefits of the
interconnector to the entire EAPP regional trade objective. The resulting GTEPs shall be submitted
for comments.

6.1.2.3 Supply-Demand Analysis

Following the updated demand forecast and revised GTEP, the Consultant is required to analyze the
supply-demand balance for energy and peak load in Ethiopia and South Sudan. This analysis will
encompass assessment of marginal costs under various hydrological scenarios and determine the
potential deficit or surplus of energy and power that could be exchanged between Ethiopia and
South Sudan as well as the neighboring countries considering various hydrological scenarios.
Additionally, the consultant is expected to provide regional power flow forecasts taking into account
future energy exchange and trading with the immediate neighborhood of the two countries.

6.1.2.4 Optimal Route Selection

The consultant will carry out a desk-top survey of the line route using available maps of scale
1:50,000 and relevant satellite imagery. The maps and imagery shall be digitized in ArcGIS software
and the alternative line alignments superimposed on the resulting digital maps. A ground survey
using GPS will be conducted along the entire line route to verify the results of the desk study. The
cost of purchase of maps if required will be borne by the Consultant.

The Consultant shall come up with three-line route selections based on technical, environmental,
economic and financial analysis taking into account the suggested terminal points.
After selection of the optimum line routes, the Consultant will prepare longitudinal and transversal
profile drawings including tower spotting using digital elevation models generated from the Shuttle
Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). Software that is compatible with others in the industry must be
used for this exercise.
The Consultant shall also carry out geo-technical and other relevant investigations for the optimal
route.
6.1.2.5 Network Analysis

The Consultant will set the design criteria acceptable by the clients and AFDB and undertake detailed
network stability analysis (load-flow, short circuit, transient, sub-transient and dynamic analysis,
switching studies, inter-regional sub-synchronous oscillations analysis, network islanding and
restoration, contingency analysis, and voltage, angle stability analysis and net transfer capacity,
among others that the consultant will deem necessary to effectively accomplish the assignment)
for the different supply schemes identified in order to verify the technical feasibility of each scheme
and of the combined interconnected system. The raw data files and the modeling criteria of the key
system devices for these simulations shall be submitted to and agreed upon by the clients and AFDB.

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Using modern internationally accepted techniques, the consultant will then carry out optimization
studies and select the best scheme from technical and economic point of view. Sensitivity analysis of
selection of best scheme will be performed for various scenarios. The results of Network Analysis
shall be submitted to AFDB and the clients in clear and adequate details. Comments and inputs from
the financier, and the clients shall be incorporated in the final report. The consultant shall refer to
applicable grid-codes. The consultant is responsible for studying the existing network control system
and assessing the requirements including (skills, facilities, software and hardware) of the
interconnected power transfer and Load Frequency Control System (LFC). Based on this assessment,
the Consultant shall provide appropriate recommendations .

The Consultant shall carry out detailed system study for the selected scheme. The analysis shall be
made for Ethiopian and South Sudan Power Systems separately and then a combined analysis at the
year of interconnection with other countries like Uganda, Sudan, Kenya or any other in order to
check the performance of the separate systems. The condition of the interconnected system shall
also be analyzed at the year of interconnection and this analysis will be carried out for every five
years interval in the life time of the project and shall take cognizance of the regional power
development initiatives. The system studies shall include but shall in no way be limited to the
following:
(a) Load Flow Analysis:
Load flow studies shall be performed in order to determine the load flows in normal and
disturbed conditions (loss of generation and major transmission lines). The result of this
analysis will be used to determine the system requirements of reinforcement, reactive power
compensation and for proper dimensioning of the transmission line and substation
equipment;

(b) Fault Current/Short Circuit Study:

Pre-fault, fault and post fault current analysis, for the complete range of fault types shall be
carried out and based on the results of the study, an appropriate protection system and
switch gear capacity shall be designed for the interconnected system taking into
consideration other interconnection projects that are on-going within the region.

(c) Network Stability Analysis:

Stability studies shall be performed with the simulation of different abnormal conditions in
order to determine the system requirement of stabilization and compensation. Stability
analysis shall include but not limited to transient, sub-transient and dynamic analysis, inter-
regional sub-synchronous oscillations analysis, network islanding and restoration analysis,
and voltage and angle stability analysis. Analysis of the functioning of the system during load
rejection and/or when the lines are lightly or heavily loaded shall be carried out.

(d) Net Transfer Capacity between the two countries shall also be carried out to determine the
optimal transfer on the interconnector without compromising the integrity of the separate
systems.

(e) Communication and Control System Study:

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The existing and planned communication and control systems shall be studied and
appropriate communication and control system designed for the project. The proposal shall
take cognizance of the power infrastructure developments in the region.

(f) Switching Surges Study:

Energization procedure and switching surges along the new interconnection lines shall be
studied for minimum and maximum load conditions. The consultant shall also develop a
detailed line energizing and system restoration switching procedures and protocols.

(g) Contingency analysis and other studies as determined by the Consultant to ensure
completion of the assignment in accordance with internationally accepted best practices.

(h) The Consultant shall identify the reinforcement requirements in both Ethiopia and South
Sudan to ensure adequate power exchange between the two countries.

(i) The design of the transmission line should incorporate the installation of the OPGW with
sufficient number of fibers as part of the communication system. This will enable smooth
communication between different grids in the region as well as provision of ICT services to
rural communities and telecommunication service providers of both countries.

Please note that EEP and SSEC use PSSE and ETAP, DigSilent, and EMTP as the network studies
simulation tool. The Consultant should use PSSE or DigSilent for steady state and dynamic studies
and EMTP for transient studies. The Consultant is expected to hand over the simulation raw files to
the Client after completion of the study and during the study for evaluating different reports outputs
coordination with models used.

6.1.2.6 Project cost

The Consultant shall determine costs of project components and equipment based on current input
prices , such as, metal prices and quotations from equipment suppliers. The cost estimates will
cover equipment installation, operation and maintenance of the interconnector and associated
substations.

The project cost estimate shall be prepared by work component (transmission line, substation,
protection and communication, civil works, and consultancy services), by categories of expenses, and
shall be broken down into foreign and local components. The costs of the major items, such as
transmission line and substation shall be broken down into detailed elements such as conductors,
towers, insulators, etc. The cost estimates shall show operation and maintenance, physical
contingency, price contingency, taxes and duties levied separately.

The total costs should take into account the results of the environmental impact assessment i.e.
ESMP. The costs of ESMP will be derived from the ESIA study which will be undertaken by the same
consultant. These costs will be part of the total cost of the interconnection. The Consultant shall cost
the reinforcement requirements identified separately, including the extensions necessary to connect
the new substations to the existing networks.

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6.1.2.7 Project viability

The Consultant shall determine the financial and economic viability of the project. The Consultant
shall calculate the economic internal rate of return (EIRR), the financial internal rate of return (FIRR),
benefits cost ratio, Cost Benefit Analysis and Net Present Value (NPV). The Consultant must make
reference to the published national parameters of the two countries for all the calculations and
economic analysis on selected alternatives.

To perform such economic and financial analysis, the Consultant tasks shall be, but not limited to, the
following:

6.1.2.8 Project benefits

The potential measurable benefits of the project include:

i. Increased reliability of both systems derived from hydro-thermal generation mix,

complementarity of hydrological systems and coordinated operation of the
integrated grid system.
ii. the reduced cost of reserve capacity;
iii. substitution of more expensive power sources with cheaper imports
iv. reduced cost of new generation due to economics of scale; and
v. The additional revenues due to power exchanges.

The Consultant shall analyze in details the economic, social and environmental externalities to
determine the benefits, which he shall use in the economic and financial evaluations. The Consultant
shall also identify other benefits the project might generate in a modern power sector setting.
6.1.2.9 Economic Analysis

The Consultant shall develop cost estimates for the implementation of the project, including:
engineering, financing costs, mitigation measures, and the value of tangible benefits and drawbacks.
The project cost estimates shall include unit costs and estimates of quantities for project
components, physical and price contingencies, during Construction phase, Operational Phase, line
and equipment retirement phase costs. The consultant shall provide comparison costs of similar
projects undertaken in different countries in the region.

Once the costs and benefits associated with the project for the selected scheme have been
calculated, the consultant will determine the economic viability of the project from indicators such as
economic internal rate of return (EIRR), social benefit- ratio and net present value (NPV). Sensitivity
analysis and other factors that the Consultant may determine shall also be carried out in the
economic evaluation of the project for each individual country. The Consultant shall propose a
methodology for determining the adequacy of the tariff compared with the economic costs and
requirements to meet financial targets.
The Consultant shall submit/handover the final raw working files (in MS Excel) for the economic
analysis to the JTC and AFDB upon conclusion of the feasibility study. The Excel template used shall
be agreed with clients and the AFDB in advance.

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6.1.2.10 Financial Analysis

The Consultant shall determine and recommend tariff scheme for (i) use of transmission line to
ensure cost recovery of line capital and operation costs and (ii) off-take and supply tariff for bulk
energy and capacity depending on marginal costs. Financial analysis shall be undertaken in order to
determine the impact of the project on the overall financial position of each utility. In the financial
analysis, the financial internal rate of return (FIRR), benefit-cost ratio and net present value (NPV)
will be calculated. The financial analysis for the project will also include sensitivity analysis, which in
addition to scenarios as defined above will cover for the variation of capital cost, changes in export
and local tariffs, high, medium and low load growth, fuel cost and the amount of energy transmitted,
and delay in the implementation of the project. Furthermore, the consultant shall determine if
additional benefits shall be expected in future from trans-boundary power wheeling and sale of
surplus transmission line capacity, and how these benefits shall be shared between the two utilities.
The Consultant shall submit/handover the final raw working files (in MS Excel) for the financial
analysis to the clients and AFDB upon conclusion of the feasibility study.

6.1.2.11 Organizational and institutional analysis

The Consultant shall analyze the institutional and organizational frameworks during the construction
and line operation, capacity of operators in Ethiopia and South Sudan in order to recommend on the
most adequate institutional and organizational framework including required human resource
(number and skills set), for the ownership, construction and operation of the transmission line. The
Consultant will carry out analysis on legal and regulatory frameworks in Ethiopia and South Sudan,
the roles and responsibilities of the key energy stakeholders and propose required improvement in
view to the optimize cross-border electricity trade while reducing the risks of power supply
interruption for whatever reason (political or others) a proposed structure of ownership during
construction and operation as well as a tentative plan for setting up the institutional structure for
permanent operations and maintenance.
The Consultant should study closely the harmonization of regulatory measures so as to stimulate
regional trade still further, particularly with regard to access to transmission networks. The
Consultant will consider also legal problems of electricity companies that might hinder or reduce
trade. In a general way, the Consultant will propose necessary institutional improvements for
facilitating electricity trade in the region and ensuring the involvement of private operators in this
trade. And for each institutional option, the Consultant will consider special contract types to
conclude between partners.

6.1.2.12 Schedule of implementation

The consultant shall come up with the shortest schedule for construction works. The programming of
duties will be specific and comprehensive. The schedule of implementation should cover the policy
and legislative measures, financial and human resources needed to ensure efficient and timely
implementation of the various components of the project.

6.1.2.13 Risk analysis

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The Consultant shall analyze all the potential risks involved in the development of the project
including but not limited to the following:

i) Technical risk:

In addition to the technical risks associated with power transmission projects, the consultant
will be required to investigate likelihood of substantial deviations in load forecast, planned
power generation capacities, geotechnical investigations etc.

ii) Financial risk:

The Consultant will assess the risks involved in mobilizing the required resources to
implement the project. The consultant should also analyse and recommend the best
financing modality which maximizes the interest of two countries.

iii) Other risks include legal and regulatory, security, operational, commercial, environmental,
sustainability, delays in implementation, etc.

The consultant will analyze various risks so as to propose concrete measures for removing or
mitigating them, the risks and corresponding mitigation measures should be presented in prioritized
matrix format.

6.1.2.14 Feasibility reports

NB: The consultant will prepare reports for each component (i.e. two standalone reports one for
Ethiopia and the other being for South Sudan). The Reports will be reviewed during the same
workshop.

The Consultant will prepare a Draft Feasibility Study Report that encompasses all works carried out
under these TOR, including the required maps, drawings and figures to illustrate the technical
solutions. The report shall contain clear conclusions as to the project’s economic, financial, technical,
environmental, and social viability. There will be two standalone documents i.e. Feasibility Study
Reports and ESIA Reports for each component (Ethiopia and South Sudan). The ESIA will also
include four stand-alone relevant management plans, such as a Biodiversity Management Plan, Labor
Management Plan, Stakeholder Engagement Plan, Occupational, Community Health and Safety
management Plan and Security management Plan.

For purposes of review and approval within the legal mandates of the implementing country (ies),
the reports, especially ESIA and relevant management plans shall be segmented separately in
volumes for sections of the project in Ethiopia and South Sudan respectively. Upon satisfactory
review, approvals for ESIA for the sections in Ethiopia shall be obtained from Environmental
Protection Authority (EPA) and the same shall be for the South Sudan side, the Environmental
clearance (No objection Letter) shall be obtained from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry.
Where public disclosures/ hearings shall be required, arrangements shall be made by the consultant
in liaison with the respective authorities to ensure that such disclosures or hearing are arranged
(costs of which shall be part of the consultant’s costs) and the outcomes used to enrich the ESIA
reports. In Ethiopia, the ESIA process goes through a five-stage operational disclosure process i.e;

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first, the draft ToR is approved by the financier of the project, secondly; the scoping report & TOR are
subject to review and approval by PEA equally, and this are followed by review and approval of the
final draft reports and finally a public disclosure. All these stages are critical to ensure external
parties are engaged but critically alignment of the project to international best practice.

The Draft Reports shall be submitted within five and half (5.5) months after the commencement of
the study. The Draft Feasibility Report will be reviewed by the experts from the clients within two (2)
weeks after submission, and revised as needed by the Consultant as will be agreed in the contract.
The consultant will finance his travel to present the feasibility report.

The Final Reports shall be submitted within one month of receipt of the comments in 5 hard copies in
English language and 5 soft copies in electronic format (both pdf and editable format on Flash discs).
Approval of the Final Feasibility Study Reports will depend on the response of the Consultant to
comments. A synopsis report will be produced at the same time and in 5 hard copies in English
language and 5 electronic copies (both pdf and editable format on Flash disks), summarizing the
results of the feasibility study. All electronic copies of reports shall include also editable format; in
widely used or available software packages. In addition, all project documents and reports shall be
uploaded in a shared portal accessible to selected staff of the clients and the AFDB.

iv) 6.1.3 PHASE III: Detailed Design and Preparation of Tender Documents

The Consultant shall carry out comprehensive designs of the project for the construction of power
line and associated substations. The Consultant will refine the technical analyses and operating
simulations of the national grids carried out during the preceding phase with a view to preparing
detailed technical specifications of equipment and comprehensive directives and documents
required for launching invitations to tender, as well as the execution of works.

6.1.3.1 Geotechnical investigations and complementary topographical works

i) The Consultant shall carry out preliminary geotechnical investigations so as (i) to

determine soil features relating to their capacity of serving as the foundation for
pylons and (ii) to assess the stability of the talus. The Consultant will collect
geotechnical information necessary for the construction of transmission line and
substations. Geotechnical investigations shall be carried out for at least all angle
towers along the transmission line and at least 4 locations at all the project
substation sites.

ii) The Consultant shall carry out the casing of longitudinal sections and define the
constraints of the stringing of conductors. The Consultant will keep a staking out field
book indicating the type of pylons (anchorage, alignment, and angle). The Consultant
will prepare a complete staking out notebook indicating details of locations of all the
pylons which will be shown by markers.

6.1.3.2 Detailed Engineering Design

The Detailed Engineering Design will include:

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v) Sub-station:

The Consultant shall determine the configurations and characteristics of equipment for the
substation. Establish operating schedules for protection, monitoring/control/automation,
metering, telecommunication, essential telemetry for the construction of project structures. For
the purpose of spare parts management and ease of operations, the specifications of the
equipment must include existing equipment on the national grids in the region.

Protection, monitoring and control equipment: The Consultant will establish detailed diagrams
for the protection, monitoring, control and metering of new installations. The Consultant will
take into account the existing protection philosophy of the national grids, the power flows and
stability studies. He will indicate on the diagrams all the settings to be shown on relays and
automatic controls, including control setting modifications on existing installations. The
Consultant shall review the existing communication and control facilities for the power systems
involved and recommend appropriate systems for the interconnected networks, (preference
should be given to use of OPGW). The Consultant will consider that the substations will be
remotely controlled and supervised from the national grid control center.

vi) High voltage lines:

The Consultant shall carry out the longitudinal sections and define the constraints of conductors
stringing. He will determine the number and characteristics of pylons, conductors and
accessories and size of the pylon foundations. The Consultant will define the arrangements for
the grounding of pylons.

For preparation of the bid document of the transmission line, it is necessary to do the profile
spotting of the towers using suitable software such as PLS CADD which is important to generate
design parameters of the towers. Hence, it is important to have route topographical surveyed
data from the authenticated satellite survey for optimally selected transmission line route in the
feasibility study phase.

The detail survey data must include parameters like power line crossings heights if there are any
along the selected route of the line in order to define the height of the crossing towers.
Moreover, it is also required to define parameters like wind span, weigh span and tower
geometry according to the actual terrain.

The consultant must use satellite survey data that has five (5) kilometer transmission line buffer
zone including substation site, with the following required image resolution and processed data
as indicated here below:

 Superview 50cm Stereo Imagery;

 Superview Stereo Processing - Ortho & PS (15% uplift);
 DTM from SV Stereo (Only for flat and bare land);
 DSM from SV Stereo (For rugged terrain and forested areas in addition to DTM).

The deliverable shall include the following, but not limited to:

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 Plan profile spotting of towers

 Structure list
 Wind Span
 Wight Span
 Angle of line
 Towe Geometry
i) Conductor and ground wire sag tension
All the costs related to acquiring any of the above data for detailed design is born by the consultant.

NB: The consultant will prepare Draft Detailed Design Reports for each component (i.e. two
standalone reports one for Ethiopia and the other being for South Sudan). The Reports will be
reviewed during the same workshop.

The Draft Detailed Design reports shall be submitted in electronic copies; including editable format;
in English language, 8 months after the beginning of the study. The Detailed Design shall contain: the
description of structures; plans, maps and diagrams; details on the standards used; technical
specifications of the equipment and the terms of reference for the supervision and monitoring of
works.

The draft report will be reviewed by the clients’ experts within two (2) weeks after submission, and
revised as needed by the Consultant as will be agreed in the contract. The review workshops may be
done virtually. The Final Detailed Design will be submitted 9 months within the commencement of
the study in 5 hard copies in English language and 5 electronic copies (in pdf and editable format) in
flash disk.

6.1.3.3 Preparation of Bidding Documents & Request for proposal for the Management and
Supervision Consultant

The consultant shall prepare the bidding documents using the relevant and latest versions of AfDB’s
Standard Bidding Documents (SBDs), in particular the SBD entitled “Procurement for Plant, Design,
Supply and Installation”. The bidding documents will be prepared in English language. In addition,
the Consultant shall prepare the Terms of Reference and the Request for Proposal for the
procurement of the project Management and Supervision Consultant in line with AFDB Standard
Request for Proposals for Consulting Services.

During the design and bid document review and preparation period, the consultant shall prepare
report on modifications of design, specifications and bid document supported with conclusion and
recommendations, etc. The report shall be reviewed by the executing agencies and discussed with
the consultant before it is approved as final.

NB: The consultant will prepare Bidding Documents for each component i.e., two standalone
reports one for Ethiopia and the other being for South Sudan as follows

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 Prepare two separate sets of Tender Documents for the Ethiopian and South Sudan
sections of the transmission interconnector.
 Prepare two separate sets of Tender Documents for the Ethiopian and South Sudan
sections of the substations.

The bidding and tendering documents shall take into account the environmental requirements and
will specifically have the ESMP attached with costed plan. Equally, approval permits for the ESIA and
land take requirements for the RAP shall be appended to allow the prospective contractor include
manning and costs schedules for implementing environmental mitigation and remediation measures.

(xiv).6.2 Scope of Work for ESIA

vii) 6.2.1 Specific Requirements

The ESIA will address the African Development Bank Environmental and Social Framework and
updated African Development Integrated Safeguards System (ISS).

The environmental and social assessment, informed by the scoping of the issues, will take into
account all relevant environmental and social risks and impacts of the project, including:
Environmental risks and impacts, including: impacts related to noise, vibration, pollution, wastes,
soil integrity, hydrogeology, visual and landscape; those related to community safety; (those related
to climate change and other trans-boundary or global risks and impacts; impacts on natural habitats
and biodiversity; and (v) those related to ecosystem services and the use of living natural resources,
such forests; and

Social risks and impacts, including: impacts on people’s way of life, their culture, social structure,
their community (including from a legacy perspective); threats to human safety and security through
the escalation of personal, communal or inter-state conflict, crime or violence including SEAH; risks
that project impacts fall disproportionately on individuals and groups who, because of their
particular circumstances, may be vulnerable ; any prejudice or discrimination toward individuals or
groups in providing access to development resources and project benefits, particularly in the case of
those who because of their particular circumstances may be vulnerable; negative economic and
social impacts relating to the involuntary taking of land or restrictions on land access and use; risks
or impacts associated with land and natural resource tenure and use, including (as relevant) potential
project impacts on local land use patterns and tenurial arrangements, land access and availability,
food security and land values, and any corresponding risks related to conflict or contestation over
land and natural resources; impacts on the health, safety and well-being of workers and project-
affected communities; and risks to cultural heritage.

If the project's environmental and social assessments identify individuals or groups as vulnerable, the
consultant will collaborate with them to design and develop mitigation measures. These measures
will be designed in conjunction with vulnerable groups to ensure that any negative consequences
aren't experienced disproportionately by them. The goal is to avoid any disadvantages and to ensure
that vulnerable groups have equitable access to the project's development benefits and
opportunities.

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The ESIA will refer to the nationals Environmental and Social policy, the World Bank Environmental
and Social Framework and the Updated Integrated Safeguards System of AfDB, in addressing and
managing environment and social safeguards, public consultations, and disclosure, shall also be used.

As guidance for the Consultant’s studies, the Appendix 3 provides a description of the thematic
structure of the ESIA. However, it is indicative only and does not release the Consultant from its
obligations to conduct the studies in compliance with the safeguards and guidelines recommended
by African Development Bank and the best recognized practices. The Consultant is also invited to
deepen investigations and studies for aspects and domains that his surveys, enquiries and studies
will identify as critical for this particular project.

viii) 6.2.2. General

In general, the Consultant will perform the following key tasks as part of the Environmental and
Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) study:
1. Describe the Subproject including its main components, ancillary components/facilities,
resources input, and outputs/produces.
2. Establish baseline environmental and social settings of the Subproject investment influence
area.
3. Establish legal and institutional frameworks under which the Subproject is implemented and
operated.
4. Assesses the gaps, if any, between national laws (Ethiopia & South Sudan) and the AfDB
requirement, as well as the mechanisms in the document to bridge such gaps.
5. Identify beneficial and adverse environmental and social risks and impacts of the Subproject
during preparation, implementation/construction, operation and decommissioning periods.
And make sure the adverse risk & impacts do not outweigh the expected beneficial
environmental and social benefits.
6. Asses in an integrated way, all relevant direct, indirect and cumulative environmental and
social risks and impacts throughout the project life cycle, including those specifically
identified in AfDB OSs 2 to 10, as well as contextual issues, such as the prevailing political
economy, which may affect how risks and impacts manifest themselves.
7. Propose suitable, practical, and site-specific enhancement and mitigation measures to avoid,
reduce, mitigate, and compensate/offset the identified impacts with operational details.
8. Conduct meaningful stakeholders’ consultations and analysis to capture the Subproject
affected people and parties’ aspirations, concerns, and recommendations towards the
planned interventions.
9. Carryout alternative analysis and compare various Subproject planning and design options in
terms of their environmental and social consequences.
10. Develop environmental and social management and monitoring plans with institutional
arrangement, human resources, and budget requirement.
11. Develop specific environmental and social requirements and procedures to be included in
contractor’s contract documents.
Further, the details of the various activities and outputs of the ESIA are described in the below
sections.

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ix) 6.2.3 Task 1: Introduction

At the onset of the environmental and social impact assessment study, the following key aspects of
the project should be defined and described in detail.
 The Project background/context
 The objectives of the ESIA
 The scope of the ESIA
 Approach/methodology of the ESIA
 The structure of the ESIA report.

x) 6.2.4. Task 2. Policy, Legislative, Regulatory and Administrative Considerations

The Consultant shall identify and describe the pertinent regulations and standards - both local and
international (Updated Integrated Safeguards System of AfDB, World Bank Safeguard Policies, UN
and equator principles identifying which of these should be triggered), governing the environmental
quality, health and safety, human right, protection of sensitive areas, protection of endangered
species, land use control at the national and local levels and ecological and socio-economic issues.
The examination of the legislation should include the relevant international conventions to which the
governments are signatories as well a gap analysis and how the study shall fill it. All applicable
legislation, regulations, policies and standards in relation to the pre-construction, construction and
operation of the power transmission infrastructure should be highlighted. The consultant shall assess
the relevant government agencies involved in environmental and social management issues, to
ensure that the ESMP will be effectively implemented. Thereafter, the Consultant shall identify the
project activities that should comply with the identified regulations.

xi) 6.2.5. Task 3. Project Description

The project shall be described comprehensively including the following, but not limited to:
 The Ethiopia-South Sudan Project
 The Project development objectives
 The Project components and subcomponents
 The Project environmental and social risks ratings
 The Project beneficiaries
 The Project implementation arrangement
 The specific Subproject
 The location of the Subproject (geographic and administrative locations), with location
map(s)
 Specific site location
 Accessibility of the site
 The Subproject design and its main components
 Construction materials used for construction of various components of the Subproject
including sources of the construction materials (market or own source)
 Machineries to be used during construction and operation of the Subproject
 Energy consumption by the Subproject
 Waste generated from the Subproject
 Human resources requirements during implementation and operation phases

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 Subproject implementation activities (during pre-construction, construction, and

operation/maintenance stages)
 Subproject implementation schedule.
The Subproject description shall form a basis for the ESIA including to establish environmental and
social baseline conditions, identifying and prioritizing key environmental and social issues, and
recommending measures to avoid, reduce, mitigate, and offset the identified impacts.

xii) 6.2.6. Task 4. Environmental and Social Baseline Conditions

Environmental and social baseline conditions against which the Subproject will be implemented shall
be described in detail. The basic environmental and social baseline conditions of the Subproject area
of influence shall include:
 The physical environment (climate, topography, geology/geomorphology, soils, water
resources, land use, land cover, etc.)
 The biological environment (flora, fauna, key biodiversity areas, natural, critical, and
modified habitats)
 The socio-economic environment (demography, ethnic composition, traditionally
underserved communities, social structures, religions, cultural heritages, settlement
patterns/land uses, livelihood strategies, household income and employment, food security,
access to social services and utilities, etc.).
The environmental and social baseline conditions shall be done through desk study and field surveys.
Gaps and reliability of baseline data used for the description shall be identified and indicated in the
assessment. Recommendations on baseline data that should be confirmed or validated shall be
provided.

xiii) 6.2.7. Task 5. Identifying and Analysis of Alternatives

The objective of comparative analysis will be to define the merits and demerits of realistic
alternatives, thereby providing decision makers and the public with a clear basis for choosing
between options. The consultant will assess alternatives that were examined in the course of
developing the proposed project (by the feasibility study) and identify other alternatives which would
achieve the same objective. The Consultant will systematically compare feasible alternatives to the
proposed project site, technology, design, and operation--including the "without project" situation--
in terms of their potential environmental impacts; the feasibility of mitigating these impacts; their
capital and recurrent costs; their suitability under local conditions; and their institutional, training,
and monitoring requirements. For each of the alternatives, the analysis shall quantify the
environmental and social costs and benefits to the extent possible, and attach economic values
where feasible. This will include analysis of (i) costs and benefits of environmental and social impacts;
(ii) costs, benefits, and cost-effectiveness of mitigation measures; and (iii) discussion of impacts that
have not been expressed in monetary values, in quantitative terms where possible (e.g. weight of
volume estimates of pollutants).
 Assesses the alternatives’ feasibility of mitigating the environmental and social impacts; the
capital and recurrent costs of alternative mitigation measures, and their suitability under

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local conditions; and the institutional, training, and monitoring requirements for the
alternative mitigation measures.
 For each of the alternatives, quantifies the environmental and social impacts to the extent
possible, and attaches economic values where feasible.
 The ESIA shall identify (along with the Subproject design team) various Subproject
implementation alternatives including:
 The ‘no-action’ option which considers maintaining the current status quo in the Subproject
area of influence
 The ‘proposed Subproject’ option including all of its technologies, facilities, and activities
 ‘Other options’ to be identified as part of the ESIA which are deemed to achieve the overall
objectives of the Subproject while using different technology, methodology, and facilities.
A multi-criteria approach shall be used for analysis of the identified Subproject alternatives.

xiv) 6.2.8 Task6.: Determination of the potential impacts of the proposed projects

The consultant predicts and assess the environmental and social benefits and negative impacts of the
Project as well as any environmental and social enhancements that may occur. The assessment will
distinguish between positive and negative impacts, direct and indirect impacts, and immediate and
long-term impacts as well as impacts that are unavoidable or irreversible. Wherever possible,
impacts will be described quantitatively, in terms of costs and benefits. For each potential impact,
the consultant should determine the magnitude, the consequences (who it will affect and how), the
probability of reversing the impact, and the probability that the impact can be avoided. Once the
impacts have been analyzed, their significance will be determined, i.e., whether they are acceptable,
require mitigation, or are unacceptable. Potential impacts will include but not limited to:

─ Social and ecological effects of vegetation clearance for the transmission line and substations
(loss of agricultural, forestry and grazing land, population resettlement, impact on flora and
fauna; impact on historic and cultural sites, effects on water resources, etc.).
─ Effects related to construction works: soil erosion; construction spoils (disposal of); sanitary
conditions and health risks associated with construction camp and workers coming into the area;
social and cultural conflicts between imported workers and local people.
─ Impact of altering water supply on urban and rural users.
─ Potential environmental and social impacts by planned and unplanned immigration into the area.
─ Effects of climate change and variability on the planned project during project implementation.
Reference will be made to previous climatic studies undertaken by the AFDB, as well as the AFDB
climate adaptation mainstreaming guidelines,
─ Cumulative impacts and their contribution to the overall cumulative effect.

 The Project beneficial impacts shall be identified including (but not limited to) the following:
 Improved reliability of electric supply
 Improved access to clean and reliable electricity
 Job opportunities and skill development
 Improved standard of living
 Improved security and safety

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 Benefits to education and health facilities

 Environmental benefit
 Poverty reduction
 Strength institution capacity
 Conflict and conflict dynamics
 The Subproject adverse impacts shall be identified including (but not limited to) the following:

i. Environmental
 Air emissions/fugitive dust and ambient air quality impacts
 Impact of loss of soil and land degradation
 Impact on water quality
 Noise and vibration impacts
 Impacts of waste generation and disposal
 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and SF6 impacts
 Impact of hazardous waste
 Impact due to non-hazardous waste
 Impact due to clearing of vegetation cover and disturbance of habitat
 Impact of biodiversity loss
 Bird strikes/collusions and electrocution
 Health effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF)
 Visual impacts

ii. Occupational health and safety

 Physical hazards including (i) rotating and moving equipment/machineries, (ii) noise and
vibration, (iii) electrical hazard, (iv) eye hazards due to flying debris, (v) hazards from hot
works, (vi) traffic accidents from the site traffic and offsite movements of Subproject
vehicles/trucks, (vii) work-at-height, (viii) excavation hazards, (ix) ergonomics, repetitive
motion, manual handling, (x) working environment temperature and illumination, (x) poor
housekeeping, slip, trip, fall
 Chemical hazards including (i) poor air quality, (ii) fire and explosions, (iii) hazardous
chemical
 Biological hazards including (i) exposure to wastewater, (ii) transmittable
diseases/infections
 Special hazard environments such as (i) confined space, (ii) lone and isolated worker

iii. Community health and safety

 Water quality and availability
 Structural safety of Subproject interventions
 Fire risk
 Traffic risk
 Risk from hazardous materials/wastes during transport and disposal
 Transmittable disease and public health impact

iv. Social
 risk of exclusion of vulnerable groups

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 risk of unequal geographic coverage

 unaffordability of electric connections and tariff
 Social conflicts/dissatisfaction on services
 Conflict between local and migrant workers
 Labor influx
 Impact on child labor and young worker
 Inadequacy of consultation and public participation
 Lack of Information about the project and inappropriate disclosure of information
 Risk of GBV/SEA/SH
 Security risk for communities, project workers and the project

V. Risks related to development and operation of ancillary facilities (if any).

 The risks/impacts shall be segregated by Subproject phases, i.e., (i) pre-construction, (ii)
construction, (iii) operation and maintenance, and (iv) decommissioning.
 In addition to the direct and/or indirect impacts, the cumulative impacts (aggregate,
incremental, and synergistic impacts) of Subproject implementation in the Subproject
area of influence shall be comprehensively identified. The cumulative Subproject impacts
shall be distinguished between their national, regional, and local effects.
 The environmental and social impacts shall consider identified challenges during
Subproject planning, design, and implementation.
 The identified environmental and social impacts shall be prioritized based on their risk
significance, magnitude, spatial and temporal extent.

V. Cumulative Impact assessment

 Describe the subprojects sites, its siting, construction schedule, operational features and
other projects and activities that may give rise to cumulative effects. The consultant will use
all the available information including consultation with relevant authorities, ground
information. The cumulative impact assessment will need to sequence planned
developments of the project, and ancillary and local infrastructure. The consultants will need
to propose geographic and temporal boundaries for the CIA based on the screening of
potential impacts on key environmental components. The geographic context should include
administrative, watershed and transboundary context or any other suitable context.
 The consultant is expected to identify key-related contributions to cumulative effects on
selected resources of concern, such as biodiversity, livelihood of local communities, land use,
fragmentation of habitats (add other from project context); Assess the level of cumulative
effects; determine the significance of cumulative effects; provide recommendations: Analyze
reasonable, feasible options for mitigating or avoiding contribution to any significant
cumulative effects, at the project level and at the national level beyond the scope of the
project.

VI. Carbon and Climate Change Assessments

The assessment should include meeting energy needs in the two countries. The environmental cost
analysis of the proposed alternative routes should include calculation of the costs of clearing
standing biomass including the cost of timber, poles and the lost value of carbon sequestration, lost

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biodiversity value of the impacted ecosystems, and the cost associated with the impacts in
conservation areas.

xv) The Consultant should assess the cost of reduction of dependence of South Sudan on
thermal power as a way to indicate the actual economic/financial of the reduction and its
contribution to climate change reduction. This reduction should link with the justification of the
project alternative chosen.

xvi) 6.2.9 Task 7: Formulation of Mitigation Measures

The Consultant will formulate cost-effective measures to mitigate (preventing, minimizing,
compensating or enhancing beneficial impacts) anticipated environmental and social changes and
impacts during project implementation and operation, or further reduce the residual environmental
and social changes inherent in the selected project design and propose optimized alternatives as
necessary. The scope will include technical, social, and institutional measures to be implemented as
integral elements of the project. The measures will inform technical designs of the project
components (under the feasibility study). The extent to which the different mitigation measures will
reduce the scale of impacts arising from the project will be evaluated, and unavoidable residual
impacts identified. The measures will be incorporated in the Environmental and Social Management
Plan (ESMP).

xvii) 6.2.10. Task 8: Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan
The ESIA should develop an environmental and social management plan outlining procedures and
institutional responsibilities to manage the identified impacts. The environmental and social
management plan shall include:
 Potential environmental and social benefits and impacts resulting from Subproject
implementation (identified in the earlier exercise)
 Type, extent, and significance of the benefits and impacts
 Recommended enhancement measures for the beneficial/positive impacts
 Recommended mitigation measures for the adverse impacts to enable the sustainable
implementation and operation of the Subproject
 Location of the mitigation measures within the Subproject setup
 Frequency of mitigation or measures implementation timeframe
 Success indicators for the mitigation measures
 Institutional responsibility for implementation of the enhancement or mitigation measures
 Capacity building recommendations for the institutions
 Estimate of measures implementation budget.
An environmental and social monitoring plan for Subproject implementation and operation shall be
recommended in the ESIA. Main components of the monitoring plan are:
 Potential environmental and social benefits and impacts resulting from Subproject
implementation (identified in the earlier exercise)
 Recommended enhancement and mitigation measures
 Key Subproject parameters or aspects to monitor
 Specific and measurable indicators
 Monitoring location, if applicable
 Measurement methods and/or equipment
 Frequency of monitoring

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 Responsible institutions/parties for monitoring

 Monitoring budget.

xviii) 6.2.11. Task 9: Stakeholder Identification, Consultations, Information Disclosure and

Grievance Redress Mechanism
Stakeholder identification and analysis shall be done as part of the environmental and social impact
assessment with the objective of involving the stakeholders in the decision-making process. The
main tasks include:
 Identify Subproject stakeholders including government bodies/authorities, beneficiary
communities, indigenous people, community leaders, civil society organizations, non-
governmental organizations, women groups, youth groups, academia, etc.
 Disclose Subproject information to the stakeholders
 Consult on stakeholders’ understanding, views, aspirations, and recommendations on the
Subproject
 Recommend ways to integrate the findings of the stakeholder engagement into the Subproject
plan, design, and implementation.
Subproject stakeholders may have grievances during implementation and operation stages and thus
stakeholders should be given a means to voice their grievances and obtain redress. The ESIA shall
device a grievance redress mechanism appropriate to the Subproject and local communities.

xix) 6.2.12. Task 10. Development of Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP)
The ESIA should develop an environmental and social management plan outlining procedures and
institutional responsibilities to manage the identified impacts.

The objective of this task is to describe how the mitigation and other measures to enhance the
benefits of Environmental and social protection will be managed, who will implement them, and
when and where they will be implemented. As part of the ESMP preparation, the consultant will
assess the institutional needs required to implement environmental assessment recommendations
and recommend steps to strengthen or expand them so that the management and monitoring plans
in the environmental assessment can be implemented. The consultant will also prepare a detailed
schedule to monitor the implementation of mitigation measures and the impacts of the project
during construction and operation. The ESMP shall not only include recommendations for actions
and the procedures for their implementation in the short and long term, but must also set out the
costs for its implementation. It should show how management and mitigation methods are phased
with project implementation and when costs will be incurred. The participation of various agencies,
NGO and public organizations constitutes a key element of this study. The Environmental and Social
Management Plan shall be discussed with all the parties concerned. The Consultant will show the
extent of the consultations undertaken in order to obtain the opinion of these
persons/organizations.

Elements to be included in the ESMP will include but not limited to the following:
─ Summary of Potential Impacts
─ Description of Planned Mitigation Measures
─ Description of Planned Environmental and Social Monitoring

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─ Description of Planned Public Consultation Process (including the Grievance Redress Mechanism
GRM)
─ Description of the Responsibilities and Authorities for Implementation of Mitigation
─ Measures and Monitoring Requirements
─ Description of Responsibilities for Reporting and Review
─ Work Plan including staffing chart, proposed schedules of participation by various members of
the project team, and activities and inputs of various government agencies
─ Detailed Cost Estimates
─ Mechanisms for feedback and adjustment

Elements to be included in the Monitoring Program will include but not limited to the following:
─ Realistic sampling program (temporal and spatial)
─ Sampling methods relevant to source
─ Collection of quality data
─ Comparable new data with other relevant data used in environmental assessment
─ Cost-effective data collection
─ Quality control in measurement and analysis
─ Innovations (e.g., in tracing contaminants and automated stations)
─ Appropriate databases
─ Multidisciplinary data interpretation to provide useful information
─ Reporting for internal management and external checks
─ Allowance for, and response to, input from third parties
─ Presentation in the public arena (external assessment).

xx) 6.2.13. Task 11. Capacity Development and Training

For effective implementation of the environmental and social management and monitoring plans,
the existing institutional capacity of the concerned parties shall be assessed and measures to
strengthen their capacities (such as training) shall be recommended and capacity development and
training budget.

xxi) 6.2.14. Task 12. Budget

A summary of an indicative budget accounted for environmental and social management
environmental and social monitoring cost.
 Prepared tables showing itemized cost estimates for all activities, including allowances,
compensation for loss of various properties, and permanently and temporarily affected
properties, cost for support vulnerable group.
 Verify that the indicative land acquisition costs are accurately included, and then review the
calculated monitoring operating costs.
 The cost of re-vegetation
 And other costs.


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xxii) 6.2.15. Task 13. Conclusion and Recommendation

Conclusions shall be drawn from the key findings of the ESIA. Further, the ESIA shall provide
recommendations based on the findings of the assessment. The recommendations shall, among
other points, include:
 Promoting integration and collaboration on environmental and social management by the
various stakeholders participating during the Subproject implementation and operation
 Strengthening institutions responsible for implementation and management of
environmental and social issues
 Capacity building needs for institutions responsible for environmental and social
management
 Dissemination and disclosure of environmental and social information
 Environmental and social requirements and management measures to be included in the
works procurement and contract documents
 Recommendations on other key environmental and social management issues.

xxiii) 6.2.16. Task 14. Preparation of the ESIA Report

The consultant will prepare an Environment and Social Impact Assessment report with the
embedded ESMP, and the below standalone management plans will be submitted separately
 Biodiversity Management Plan (BMP)
 Labor Management Plan (SEP)
 Stakeholder Management Plan (SEP)
 Occupational, community Health and Safety Plan (OCHSMP)
 Security Management Plan (SMP)
The report shall be in the English Language and should be clear and concise. The Annex 1 provides a
guidance and example of the thematic structure of the reports.

xxiv) 6.2.17. Task 15. Approval

The Consultant must submit the final ESIA report with the relevant standalone plans (SEP, BMP, LMP,
OCHSMP and SMP) and disclosed. Before the ESIA documents and management plans are approved
by EPA and the Bank, the consultant is accountable for carrying out any changes that the clients
(Ethiopia & South Sudan), authorities, may request, and they must keep working until there are no
bank and EPA objections.

(xv).6.3. ESIA Methodology and Approach

The Consultant will be expected to employ the most effective methodology and standards to achieve
results with optimal national stakeholder involvement. In addition, the Consultant will be expected
to: (i) collect most data from review and analysis of existing secondary sources of information such as
assessment reports and various other regional and relevant global publications (iii) Prepare clear,
concise and focused reports and (iii) Ensure reports are delivered in time as per the agreement. A
summary of some available reference documentation is attached as annex 1, for ease of reference.

As a chapter of the ESIA report, the consultant will describe the methods used for conducting the
ESIA (scoping and bounding, impact analysis and public consultation process, etc.). The consultant
will include a public participation plan to include stakeholder identification process, stakeholders

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identified, stages within the ESIA process where stakeholders have participated, and the different
levels of participation used. Identification of impacts will include the identification of the important
environmental components, and selection criteria used for identifying significant impacts (positive
and negative) whenever possible. Significant levels may be determined through the application of
scoring system if the consultant feels that such an approach is warranted. The consultant will employ
environmental economic analysis where applicable, particularly to justify significant impacts to be
mitigated. The following section provides the highlight of the approach and methodology adopted
for the ESIA.

xxv) 6.3.1. Desk review:

The consultant must hold a briefing meeting with client in the first day after signing the contract.
Subsequently, the consultant shall prepare assessment tools, formats, checklists for primary data
collections instruments at all levels (district, regional and federal level). Besides, the consultant will
also systematically review all relevant secondary data (e.g., The GoE financing agreement provisions,
pertinent documents related to Environmental and social issues, Legal frameworks, project Appraisal
Reports, guidelines, project E&S safeguards instruments (ESIA, Updated Integrated Safeguards
System of AfDB requirement, WB environmental and social requirements and pertinent documents).

xxvi) 6.3.2. Site visit:

In consideration of the nature and the location of the potential future conditions and consequences,
the Study area will be identifying. Therefore, the Project area in which implementation will definitely
bring about measurable and sometimes significant direct changes to the physical environment and
ecology, as well as the social and economic conditions. Therefore, the transmission corridor (ROW),
substation, access roads, waste disposal sites, campsites, borrow and quarry sites will be the
principal areas of focus for fieldwork and data collection.
 Detailed Desk-Top Review: For the purpose of conducting RAP document preparation,
the Consultant shall have access to and review the updated feasibility and ESIA Study
Report. The Consultant will collect relevant information, analyze all the reports and data
available, and create RAP documents in accordance with both nationals and Updated
Integrated Safeguards System of AfDB / WB framework requirements.
 Maps and Images: the consultant should use the topographic maps, Satellite images and
area map used to identify and delineate villages, resources and facilities that could
potentially be affected in the proposed scheme and to assess the land use, vegetation
cover, infrastructure, settlements, and other socio-economic activities within the TL
corridor.
 Field Investigation: the field investigation on physical resources, ecological resources,
socio-economic aspects, health, cultural and other values in the project area will be
collect.
 Public Consultations: The consultant should conduct the consultations with various
community members along the proposed Transmission Line Corridor and Substation
area, as well as different stakeholders and local authorities in the project-affected area.
 Description of the Environment and Social Baseline: Information on the existing natural
and socio-economic resources is of fundamental importance for evaluation of
environmental impacts. So, the consultant should collect the baseline data on the

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physical, biological and social, cultural and socio-economic setting of the project will be
assemble, evaluate and present.
 Identification of Environmental and Social Impacts: Key potentially beneficial as well as
adverse impacts on the physical, biological and socio-economic environment associated
with the construction and operation phases of the project will be identify and quantify
where possible.
 Environmental and Social Mitigation and Benefit Enhancement Measures: Feasible and
cost-effective mitigation and benefit enhancement measures that may avoid or reduce
potentially significant adverse environmental impacts to acceptable levels shall be
identified and recommended.

xxvii) 6.3.3. ESIA Report

The Consultant shall prepare Draft ESIA report., which will include an “Executive Summary”, shall
contain clear conclusions as to the project’s environmental and social viability. The consultant will
also prepare non-technical executive summary in English and country language (if any). The
Consultant will indicate the mitigation measures that are required by the Consultant in charge of the
feasibility study and conceptual design.

A. Inception Report:
Two (2) printed copies and two (2) electronic copies of Inception Report shall be submitted,
reflecting the agreed methodology, techniques, schedule, deliverables and an outline of the
proposed contents of the assignment.

B. Draft Report:
Three (3) printed copies of ESIA with standalone Management plans are required with three
(3) soft copies on flash disk to the clients and forwarding to the bank. In a stakeholder
workshop, the consultant must present the ESIA with relevant standalone report (SEP, BMP,
LMP & HSP) and take feedback into account. Deliveries must be based on the client's
priorities.

C. Draft Final Report:

The draft ESIA final report with standalone Management plans will have four (4) printed
copies in addition to four (4) soft copies on flash disk for the client and to send it to Bank. All
issues brought up during stakeholder engagements, as well as the comments of the client
and bank shall be covered in the final report.

D. Final Report:
Each project’s final ESIA report with standalone Management plans will have five (5) printed
copies in addition to five (5) soft copies on flash disk for the clients and to send it to EPA
(Environmental Protection Authority) and Bank. All issues brought up during stakeholder
engagements, as well as the comments of the client and bank shall be covered in the final
report

E. Progress Report:

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The Consultant shall furnish the Clients with a written Weekly Progress Report that
summarizes all aspects of the completed monthly and cumulative work progress. The
objectives of the Progress Report are to:
 Provide a reliable and readily accessible summary record of the project activities with
daily activities performed by each individual at the site and progress of work during
last week with verification of daily task in the site signed by the project's
representative.
 Provide a detailed description of all work actually completed up to the date and
revision to the project schedule required, which shall reflect changes in the critical
path since the date of the last revision.
 Identify issues and problems requiring action by the Client or the Consultant, including
issues of conflicting priorities.

Provide a forecast of the work to be accomplished in the next month and information to help
substantiate the Consultant’s pay request.

The Draft ESIA report with the standalone relevant management plans (Stakeholder Engagement
Plan, Biodiversity Management Plan, Labor Management Plan and Occupational, community Health
and Safety, Security Management Plan) shall be submitted to the JTC and AFDB. It will be produced in
English language. Final ESIA and Management Plans Approval and no objection of Final ESIA with
embedded ESMPs and standalone management plans by the Bank (AfDB) and Get Clearance for ESIA
from EPA/Environmental Protection Authority and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry of South
Sudan within 8 weeks.

6.3.4. Counterpart Staff

The Consultant shall be working with counterpart staff from EEP's and SSEC’s Environment and Social
Affairs Office experts assigned by the client for experience sharing, provide necessary data, and take
advantage of the existing communication of the project area stakeholders.

(xvi).6.4 Scope of Work for RAP

xxviii) 6.4.1. Specific Requirements

Depending on the nature of the impacts foreseen from a project, resettlement plans include steps to
alleviate physical and/or economic displacement. Depending on the nature of the resettlement plan,
projects may use different terminology; for example, if a project simply involves economic
displacement, the resettlement plan may be referred to as a "livelihood plan."

The consultant shall conduct the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) after the actual affected land
check survey is finalized or done.

The RAP will be based on the data and analysis from the affected land check survey and the finding
of the ESIA survey, as well as the legal framework and the stakeholder consultation process. The RAP
describes the measures and procedures for addressing the impacts of involuntary resettlement

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caused by the project, such as the compensation, relocation, income restoration, and social
development of the affected people.

To address the issues related to land acquisition, resettlement, and compensation identified in the
environmental and social assessment, the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) will be proportionate to
the risks and impacts associated with the project. Here's a basic requirment of the plan:
 If the project involves minor land acquisition or restrictions on land use that do not
significantly affect incomes or livelihoods, the plan will establish eligibility criteria for
affected individuals, outline compensation procedures and standards, and include
mechanisms for consultation, monitoring, and addressing grievances.
 If the project results in physical displacement of people, the plan will outline additional
measures necessary for the relocation of those affected.
 If the project leads to economic displacement, meaning significant impacts on livelihoods or
income generation, the plan will include additional measures to improve or restore
livelihoods.
 If the project introduces changes in land use that restrict access to resources in legally
designated parks, protected areas, or other common property resources relied upon by local
communities for their livelihoods, the plan will establish a participatory process to determine
appropriate use restrictions. It will also include mitigation and compensation measures to
address any adverse impacts on livelihoods resulting from these restrictions.
 The plan is based on accurate and reliable information about the proposed project, its
potential impacts on displaced persons and affected groups, feasible mitigation measures,
and the legal and institutional arrangements necessary for effective implementation of
resettlement measures.
 The RAP will reference relevant national legislation in Ethiopia and South Sudan regarding
land acquisition, land access or use restrictions, property loss, compensation, grievance
redress mechanisms, human rights, as well as the World Bank Environmental and Social
Framework and the updated AFDB Environmental and Social Management Guidelines. These
guidelines provide direction for addressing and managing involuntary resettlement,
conducting public consultations, and ensuring transparency through disclosure.
Annex 5 provides a thematic structure for the RAP, serving as guidance for the Consultant's studies.
However, it should be noted that the Consultant remains obligated to conduct the studies in
compliance with the safeguards and guidelines recommended by the African Development Bank and
recognized best practices. The Consultant is also invited to deepen investigations and studies for
aspects and domains that his surveys, enquiries and studies will identify as critical for this particular
project.

xxix) 6.4.2. General

As part of the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) study, the Consultant will undertake the following
important tasks:
1. Engage with affected communities, including host communities, communities’ leaders and
vulnerable groups, as well as relevant stakeholders such as government sectors, civil society
organizations, and non-governmental organizations. The aim is to ensure that these
stakeholders are well-informed and actively involved in decision-making processes related to
the RAP, including the valuation and compensation approaches. This involvement will be

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facilitated through a stakeholder engagement process described in the African Development

Bank's Operational Safeguard 10. The consultation process will be designed to ensure that
the perspectives of women and other vulnerable groups are obtained in a fair and inclusive
manner. It is important to gather their input and consider their interests at every stage of
resettlement planning and implementation.
2. Conduct a census to identify individuals affected by the project, determine land and assets to
be affected, and establish eligibility for compensation and assistance.
3. Analyze host communities in detail to identify potential issues related to accommodating
displaced people. Address these problems to minimize adverse impacts on host communities
and ensure they can benefit from the project and resettlement process.
4. Conduct a gap analysis between Ethiopia's, South Sudan laws and the African Development
Bank's operational policy. Bridge any gaps to ensure compliance with both sets of
requirements.
5. Form a Resettlement Committee and Grievance Redress Committee if not already available.
Strengthen existing committees to effectively handle resettlement issues and address
grievances.
6. Consider the risk of conflicts between host communities and the affected population.
Develop strategies to mitigate and manage potential conflicts.
7. Assess and ensure the presence of a formal and informal grievance mechanism for the
project, in line with AfDB OSs 1 and 10. Assess the accessibility of the grievance mechanism
and propose suitable mechanisms based on specific concerns raised by displaced persons
regarding compensation, relocation, or livelihood restoration.
8. Classify eligibility of affected persons according to Updated Integrated Safeguards System of
AfDB requirements.
9. Establish a cut-off date for determining eligibility.
10. Define roles and responsibilities for financing and implementation, including provisions for
contingency financing to cover unforeseen costs. Establish mechanisms for a timely and
coordinated response to unforeseen circumstances that may hinder progress.
11. Include measures to enable affected persons to improve or restore their incomes or
livelihoods, particularly if their livelihoods or income generation are affected. Consider
gender aspects and the needs of vulnerable segments of communities when determining
entitlements.
12. Develop a resettlement budget and implementation schedule. Determine entitlements for all
categories of affected persons, including host communities.
13. Identify suitable areas for physically displaced people to be resettled, ensuring they are at
least equivalent or better than their previous settlement.
14. Establish procedures for monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the plan.
15. Integrate a community development plan or a plan for historically underserved traditional
communities within the RAPs.
16. Prepare a separate Livelihood Restoration Plan (LRP) and Gender Action Plan (GAP) to
support RAP implementation, aligning with national (Ethiopia & South Sudan) and AfDB
requirements.
Further, the details of the various activities and outputs of the RAP are described in the below
sections.

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6.4.3. Task 1. Description of the project

The consultant will provide a general description of the project and identify the project area.

6.4.4. Task 2. Potential impacts

The consultant will identify:

 Project components or activities that will result in displacement, along with an explanation of
why the acquisition of specific land is required within the project's time frame.
 The area of influence resulted from project components or activities.
 The scope and size of land acquisition, as well as the influence on structures and other fixed
assets.
 Any restrictions on land or natural resource usage or access imposed by the project.
 Alternatives considered to reduce or avoid displacement, as well as the reasons for rejecting
them.
 Mechanisms have been put in place to reduce displacement as much as possible during
project implementation.
6.4.5. Task 3. Objectives

The consultant will describe the main objectives of the resettlement plan.

6.4.6. Task 4. Census survey and baseline socio-economic studies

The consultant will carry out the following:

 Conduct a household-level census to identify and count affected individuals. This will involve
surveying the land, structures, and fixed assets that will be impacted by the project. The
census survey will also serve other important purposes, such as:
 Identifying the socio-economic characteristics of displaced households, including their
production systems, labor, household organization, and baseline information on livelihoods
(including income from formal and informal economic activities) and living standards
(including health status).
 Identifying vulnerable groups or individuals who may require special provisions.
 Identifying public or community infrastructure, property, or services that may be affected.
 Providing a basis for designing and budgeting the resettlement program.
 Establishing a cut-off date to exclude ineligible people from compensation and resettlement
assistance.
 Establishing baseline conditions for monitoring and evaluation purposes.
 Gather information on land tenure and transfer systems, including common property natural
resources that people rely on for their livelihoods, non-title-based usufruct systems (such as
grazing or use of forest areas) governed by local land allocation mechanisms, and any issues
related to different tenure systems in the project area.
 Understand the social interaction patterns in the affected communities, including social
networks and support systems, and how they will be affected by the project.
 Describe the social and cultural characteristics of displaced communities, including formal
and informal institutions (e.g., community organizations, ritual groups, non-governmental

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organizations) that may be relevant to the consultation strategy and the design and
implementation of resettlement activities.
6.4.7. Task 5: Legal Framework

The consultant has to present the relevant national (Ethiopian and South Sudanese) and African
Development Bank (AfDB) operational policy, legal, institutional, and administrative frameworks,
including those related to resettlement, both economic & physical, land acquisition and
compensation. Analyse any gaps in national and AfDB policy and legislative frameworks and
recommend ways to fill them.

The legislative framework should include the following terms:

 The scope of the power of compulsory acquisition and imposition of land use restriction and
the nature of compensation associated with it, in terms of both the valuation methodology
and the timing of payment;
 Applicable legal and administrative procedures, including possible court remedies for
displaced persons, the normal timetable for such procedures, and any related grievance
resolution mechanisms.
 Laws and regulations governing the agencies in charge of carrying out resettlement activities.
6.4.8. Task 6: Eligibility

The consultant will define the displaced persons and criteria for determining their eligibility for
compensation and other resettlement assistance, including relevant cut-off dates. It must also
explain how PAHs are entitled to compensation or alternative forms of support in place of
compensation.

6.4.9. Task 7: Valuation of and compensation for losses

The methodology to be used in valuing losses to determine their replacement cost; and a description
of the proposed types and levels of compensation for land, natural resources and other assets under
local law and such supplementary measures as are necessary to achieve replacement cost for them.

6.4.10. Task 8: Site selection, site preparation, and relocation

When it becomes necessary to physically relocate residents or businesses as part of the project, the
consultant will include in the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) a description of t the alternative
relocation sites considered and explains sites selected, covering:
 Institutional and technical arrangements for identifying and preparing relocation sites,
whether rural or urban, for which a combination of productive potential, locational
advantages, and other factors is better or at least comparable to the advantages of the old
sites, with an estimate of the time needed to acquire and transfer land and ancillary
resources;
 In addition, the consultant will identify and assess Identification and consideration of
opportunities to improve local living standards by supplemental investment (or through
establishment of project benefit-sharing arrangements) in infrastructure, facilities or
services;
 Any measures necessary to prevent land speculation or influx of ineligible persons at the
selected sites;

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 Procedures for physical relocation under the project, including timetables for site
preparation and transfer; and Legal arrangements for regularizing tenure and transferring
titles to those resettled, including provision of security of tenure for those previously lacking
full legal rights to land or structures.
6.4.11. Task 9: Housing, infrastructure, and social services

Plans to provide (or finance local community provision of) housing, infrastructure (e.g., water supply,
feeder roads), and social services (e.g., schools, health services); plans to maintain or provide a
comparable level of services to host populations; and any necessary site development, engineering,
and architectural designs for these facilities shall be provided by the consultant.

6.4.12. Task 10: Environmental protection and management

A description of the boundaries of the planned relocation sites; and an assessment of the
environmental impacts of the proposed resettlement and measures to mitigate and manage these
impacts (coordinated as appropriate with the environmental assessment of the main investment
requiring the resettlement).

6.4.13. Task 11: Community participation

The consultant should identify which key stakeholders are necessary to the RAP and define the
approach for engaging displaced people in the design and implementation of resettlement activities.
A summary of the points of view expressed and how these ideas were included in the resettlement
plan. An evaluation of the resettlement alternatives presented, as well as the decisions made by
displaced people about the options accessible to them; and Institutionalized arrangements for
displaced people to communicate their concerns to project authorities throughout planning and
implementation, as well as measures to ensure that vulnerable groups such as ethnic minorities,
landless people, women, and Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities are adequately
represented.

6.4.14. Task 12: Integration with host populations

The consultant will carry out measures to mitigate the impact of planned relocation sites on any host
communities, including:
 Consultations with host communities and local governments;
 Arrangements for prompt tendering of any payment due the hosts for land or other assets
provided in support of planned relocation sites;
 Arrangements for identifying and addressing any conflict that may arise between those
resettled and host communities; and
 Any measures necessary to augment services (e.g., education, water, health, and production
services) in host communities to meet increased demands upon them, or to make them at
least comparable to services available within planned relocation sites.
6.4.15. Task 13: Grievance (redress) mechanism

The consultant must provide accessible procedures for third-party dispute resolution originating
from displacement or relocation; such grievance mechanisms must consider the availability of court
redress as well as community and traditional dispute resolution mechanisms.

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The mechanism has to define how affected individuals are able to file complaints. To provide equal
access to grievance redress procedures, members of vulnerable groups should be given special
consideration throughout the process.

The RAP must indicate in clear, understandable terms how the GRM would be made available to
PAHs and other stakeholders. A planned monitoring system should be included in the grievance
redress mechanism to ensure that complaints or grievances are resolved. The various ways of
accepting complaints, as well as the steps of the mechanism, should be well defined.

6.4.16. Task 14: Institutional Framework

The consultant has to the identify of agencies responsible for resettlement activities and NGOs/CSOs
that may play a role in project implementation, including providing assistance to displaced people;
An assessment of such agencies' and NGOs'/CSOs' institutional capability; and Any steps proposed to
improve the institutional capacity of agencies and NGOs/CSOs responsible for resettlement
implementation.

6.4.17. Task 15: Implementation schedule

The consultant will plan the implementation schedule. The implementation schedule outlining
estimated dates for displacement as well as estimated start and end dates for all resettlement plan
activities. The timetable should show how resettlement activities are linked to the overall project's
implementation.

6.4.18. Task 16: Costs and budget

The consultant is responsible for developing tables with detailed cost estimates for all resettlement-
related activities, including community development, lost property compensation, PAHs' income
being restored, and population growth, among other contingencies. Estimate land acquisition and
resettlement costs according to the main spending categories. Establish a schedule of expenses,
sources of funding, and plans for the timely transfer of funds for any relocation or resettlement that
may be necessary in locations outside of the responsibility of the implementing agencies; and
Provide a cost estimate for the implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of the RAP.

6.4.19. Task 17: Monitoring and evaluation

The consultant is required to:

 Prepare a monitoring and evaluation plan for EEP's displacement and resettlement activities.
 Determine the responsibilities, timing, and performance monitoring indicators for
resettlement activities to measure inputs, outputs, and outcomes.
 Establish a monitoring and reporting schedule.
 Formats for monitoring and reporting on relocation implementation should be proposed.
 The monitoring and evaluation component of the RAP shall describe requirements for
monitoring implementation, both internally and externally, by a qualified agency
independent of the project office. The scope and frequency of monitoring activities should
be described.

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6.4.20. Task 18: Arrangements for adaptive management

Include provisions for adapting resettlement implementation in response to unanticipated changes in

project conditions, or unanticipated obstacles to achieving satisfactory resettlement outcomes. The
consultant shall consider contingency plans included in the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) to
address unforeseen challenges or circumstances that may arise during the project.

6.4.21. Task 19: Development of Livelihood Restoration and Gender Action Plans

Based on the census, assessments, and consultations with stakeholders, the consultant will develop
livelihood restoration and gender action plans in collaboration with relevant stakeholders, project-
affected persons (PAPs), and vulnerable groups.

Livelihood Restoration Plan

If land acquisition or restrictions on land use cause significant economic displacement, a separate
livelihoods restoration plan will be created to provide displaced persons with opportunities to
restore or improve their livelihoods / if a project simply involves economic displacement, the
resettlement plan may be referred to as a "livelihood plan."

The plan includes the following elements:

 Direct land replacement. For those with agricultural livelihoods, the plan provides for an
option to receive replacement land of equivalent productive value, or demonstrates that
sufficient land of equivalent value is unavailable. Where replacement land is available, the
plan describes methods and timing for its allocation to displaced persons.
 Loss of access to land or resources. For those whose livelihood is affected by loss of land or
resource use or access, including common property resources, the plan describes means to
obtain substitutes or alternative resources, or otherwise provides support for alternative
livelihoods.
 Support for alternative livelihoods. For all other categories of economically displaced
persons, the plan describes feasible arrangements for obtaining employment or for
establishing a business, including provision of relevant supplemental assistance including
skills training, credit, licenses or permits, or specialized equipment. As warranted, livelihood
planning provides special assistance to women, minorities or vulnerable groups who may be
disadvantaged in securing alternative livelihoods.
 Consideration of economic development opportunities. The plan identifies and assesses any
feasible opportunities to promote improved livelihoods as a result of resettlement processes.
This may include, for example, preferential project employment arrangements, assessment
and disaggregation of economic and livelihood restoration opportunities by sex, gender or
vulnerability, support for development of specialized products or markets, preferential
commercial zoning and trading arrangements, or other measures. Where relevant, the plan
should also assess the feasibility of prospects for financial distributions to communities, or
directly to displaced persons, through establishment of project-based benefit-sharing
arrangements.
 Transitional support. The plan provides transitional support to those whose livelihoods will
be disrupted. This may include payment for lost crops and lost natural resources, payment of
lost profits for businesses, or payment of lost wages for employees affected by business

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relocation. The plan provides that the transitional support continues for the duration of the
transition period.
The consultant shall ensure that the plan is demonstrated the number of people needed livelihood
restoration with type of assistance, estimated budget and responsible bodies for the implementation
and timeframe.
Gender Action Plan

The Gender Action Plan (GAP) should be developed by considering the specific gender-related
requirements and analyzing the impact of decision-making processes on households' economic and
social livelihoods, particularly concerning the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) and economic
empowerment. The GAP should include the following information:
 Understanding the Gender Situation: Provide an overview of the gender situation and the
risks faced by women, including the risks of gender-based violence (GBV) based on the
typology presented in the World Bank's Good Practice Note on sexual exploitation and abuse
(SEA) and sexual harassment (SH) in investment projects involving major civil works in
Ethiopia and South Sudan.
 Regulatory Framework: Present key regulations related to gender, women's rights, GBV,
sexual exploitation and abuse, and sexual harassment.
 Institutional and Social Review: Review the formal and informal institutional structures and
processes that influence gender outcomes within the project and its setup. This includes
examining gender norms, the role of women in households and communities, land rights,
and women's participation in the workplace.
 Institutional Capacity Review: Assess the capacity and constraints within relevant institutions
to address gender concerns and considerations effectively.
 Risk Assessment: Include the results of the World Bank's SEA/SH risk assessment tool to
identify potential risks related to GBV, SEA, SH and any GBV-related risks through a
workforce entering the community.
 GBV baseline data /cases of the affected area and GBV service providers that are accessible
in the project area.
 Prevention and Mitigation Measures: Outline measures to prevent and mitigate GBV, SEA,
and SH risks. This includes assigning staff resources with specific roles and responsibilities,
establishing indicators, setting a timeline, and estimating the budget required.
 Access to Employment Opportunities: Ensure measures are in place to provide women with
access to employment opportunities and other project benefits.
 Grievance Mechanism: Describe the grievance mechanism, including the protocol for
reporting grievances, the roles and responsibilities of those involved, and the service
providers for GBV incidents.
 Monitoring and Supervision: Define the frequency and indicators for monitoring the
implementation of the GAP, as well as the roles and responsibilities of the parties involved.
 Budget: Present an estimated budget required for implementing the GAP.
The development of the Gender Action Plan should draw insights from relevant WB Good Practice
Notes on Gender. Furthermore, data should be presented separately for Ethiopia and South Sudan,
taking into account the specific contexts of each country.

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6.4.22. Task 20: Synthesize the Reports and Approval

The consultant will prepare draft Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) report, as well as final version.

In addition to the RAP, separate plans for Livelihood Restoration (if applicable) and Gender Action
will be developed and submitted. All comments and feedback from the bank, EEP, and other
stakeholders will be included in the final RAP reports and separate plans. These documents will be
written in English, presented in a clear and concise manner, and formatted according to AfDB
standards and national legislation.

Before a stakeholder workshop with key participants, the draft RAPs must receive clearance from
AfDB. The comments received on the draft will be incorporated into the final reports, which must be
approved by both the Bank and EEP before they are disclosed.

Approval (no objection) from EEP and the Bank is necessary before the final RAP reports and
separate plans can be disclosed on the EEP and AfDB external websites. This approval indicates the
end of the contract between the consultant and EEP.

6.5. RAP Methodology and Approach

The following the approach and methodology adopted for the RAP.

xxx) 6.5.1. Desk review

The consultant shall prepare census, socio economic survey and inventory tools, formats, checklists
for primary data collections instruments at all levels (district, regional and federal level). Besides for
the purpose of conducting and further RAP document preparation, the Consultant shall have access
to and review the updated feasibility and ESIA Study Report. The Consultant will collect relevant
information, analyze all the reports and data available, and create RAP documents in accordance
with both national and AfDB requirements.

xxxi) 6.5.2. Site visit

In consideration of the nature and the location of the potential future conditions and consequences,
the Study area will be identifying. Therefore, area from which people will be moved as well as the
area to which people will be resettled will be the principal areas of focus for fieldwork and data
collection.

 Maps and Images: the consultant should use the topographic maps, Satellite images and
area map used to Mapping—The area from which people will be moved as well as the
area to which people will be resettled should be mapped in detail. The consultant should
prepare a detailed large-scale map (if possible, supported with aerial photography) on
which individual affected households are demarcated (identified with registration
numbers derived from the population census described below) and other socio-
economic activities within the TL corridor. mapping of the project area, affected
households, natural resources, fixed assets, and infrastructure provides the EEP with a
spatial reference or baseline with which to protect the project from claims by people
who move into the affected area after the cut-off date

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 Census: enumerating and collecting basic information on the affected population;

registering the affected population by residence or locality;

 Inventory of Affected Assets and socioeconomic studies: The consultant must

undertake a detailed survey of all losses including income sources. that will result for
each household, enterprise, or community affected by the project. The survey should
account for land acquisition and loss of physical assets as well as loss of income—either
temporary or permanent—resulting from displacement of household members from
employment or income-generating resources. Assets held collectively, such as livestock
grazing areas, and community structures should be recorded separately.

 Analysis of Surveys and Studies: Analysis of the data collected in the census, assets
inventory, and socioeconomic studies

 Public Consultations: The consultant should conduct the consultations with various
community members including Affected People, vulnerable group , community leaders
along the proposed Transmission Line Corridor and Substation area, as well as different
stakeholders and local authorities in the project-affected area concerning mitigation of
effects , the RAP strategy for livelihood restoration, development Opportunities,
grievance mechanism, GBV-related risks through a workforce entering the community,
the best ways to communicate with them .

xxxii) 6.5.3 RAP Report

The Consultant shall prepare Draft RAP report, which will include the AfDB Rap components. The
consultant will also prepare non-technical executive summary in English and country language/ local
language (if any). The Consultant will indicate the mitigation measures, livelihood assistance and
restoration, community development plan / historically underserved traditional community,
grievance mechanism that are required by AfDB requirement.

1. Inception Report:
Electronic copies of the draft inception report are required. This draft report should reflect the
methodology, techniques, schedule, and deliverables and provide an outline of the proposed content
for the ESIA assignment. Once the draft is reviewed by the client and the bank, the draft report will
be finalized, and electronic copies of the finalized inception report should be submitted.

2. Draft Report:
.
Soft copies of RAP draft report with standalone plans to the clients and forwarding to the bank. In a
stakeholder workshop, the consultant must present the RAP with relevant standalone report (LRP if
applicable/ &GAP) and take feedback into account. Deliveries must be based on the clients’ priorities.

3. Draft Final Report:

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The draft final RAP report with standalone plans will have soft copies for the clients and to send it to
Bank. All issues brought up during stakeholder engagements, as well as the comments of the clients
and bank shall be covered in the final report.

4. Final Report:
Each project’s final RAP report with standalone plans will have four (4) printed copies in addition to
soft copies for the clients and to send it to Bank. All issues brought up during stakeholder
engagements, as well as the comments of the clients and bank shall be covered in the final report.

5. Progress Report:
The Consultant shall furnish the Clients with a written Weekly Progress Report that summarizes all
aspects of the completed monthly and cumulative work progress. The objectives of the Progress
Report are to:
 Provide a reliable and readily accessible summary record of the project activities with
daily activities performed by each individual at the site and progress of work during
last week with verification of daily task in the site signed by the project's
representative.
 Provide a detailed description of all work actually completed up to the date and
revision to the project schedule required, which shall reflect changes in the critical
path since the date of the last revision.
 Identify issues and problems requiring action by the Client or the Consultant, including
issues of conflicting priorities.

Provide a forecast of the work to be accomplished in the next month and information to help
substantiate the Consultant’s pay request.

The Draft RAP report with the standalone relevant plans (Livelihood restoration & Gender Action
plans) shall be submitted to the JTC and AFDB. It will be produced in English language. Final RAP with
Plans Approval and no objection of Final RAP with embedded community development plan/
historically underserved plan and standalone plans (LRP /LP if applicable& GAP) by the Bank (AfDB)
within 12 weeks.

6.5.4. Counterpart Staff

The Consultant will work with counterpart staff from EEP's and SSEC’s experts assigned by the client
for experience and knowledge sharing, as well as to facilitate in establishing communication with the
relevant institutions and data collection.

# Security

The security concern during site visits in South Sudan, shall be arranged by the Government of South
Sudan and the cost Shall be catered for by the consulting firm.

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7. WORKSHOP AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

xxxiii) 7.1 WORKSHOPS

This assignment shall also include a series of workshops as part of the broader consultations and
information dissemination. Workshops with JTC and AFDB Experts will be organized to validate
findings of the progress reports of study. These workshops for review of consultant reports will be
financed by the consultant for the JTC members from Ethiopia and South Sudan and AFDB experts
will finance its own participation costs. The Consultant will meet the cost of its participation in the
workshops.

Ten (10) participants from each country will participate in each workshop whose costs will be
covered by the consultant. Therefore, excluding visa expenses, air tickets (round trip air fare)
between Ethiopia and South Sudan and local transport facility in both countries, the consultant will
allocate a daily allowance of 400 USD for both sides of the clients’ experts. Each country’s
participants costs will be included in the country’s component. The detail cost shall be indicated in
each country’s component offer.

The workshops will be held as follows:

 Inception Reports (4 days to cover both Feasibility Study, ESIA, RAP)

 Draft Reports (5 days to cover both Feasibility Study & ESIA and RAP with the standalone
plans)
 Draft Detailed Design and Tender Documents (3 days)
 Draft Final Reports (3 days to cover both Feasibility Study &ESIA & RAP with the standalone
plans)
The workshops will be held in Ethiopia and South Sudan interchangeably.

At each workshop, the consultants will make PowerPoint presentations and provide concise reports
for discussion. The consultant will be responsible for air tickets (round trip air fare) between Ethiopia
and South Sudan, local transportation facilities, and a daily allowance of 400 USD for the duration of
stay for the workshop participants will also be covered by the Consultant.

For coordination work activities, the Joint Project Manager will travel to South Sudan regularly. The
cost of travel and accommodation for the Joint Project Manager shall be included in the offer divided
equally between Ethiopia and South Sudan component as same as the accommodation package for
experts traveling for workshop between Ethiopia and South Sudan. The Joint Project Manager will
visit South Sudan four (4) times with in the project life time and stays for five (5) days in each travel.

Note: The above-mentioned workshops are different from the expected stakeholder public
consultative meetings and/or workshops to be organized and facilitated by the Consultant in the
project-affected areas for information gathering (as part of Consultant’s fieldwork) and stakeholder
review and comment on draft documents during the course of the assignment.

7.2 TRAINING AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

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The Consultant shall carry out the assignment in a manner to facilitate transferring knowledge and
expertise to the Client Counterparts. In this regard, the client shall nominate counterpart staff, as
required, who shall work with the consultant in the various assignment activities as part of the on-job
training. The assignment shall be planned and carried out in a way that builds in ample time for
knowledge transfer. During the assignment, the Consultant shall maximize the transfer of knowledge
and training of the client with regard to, but not limited to: (i) Load Forecasting; (ii) Least Cost
Generation and Transmission Planning; (iii) Transmission Line Design; (iv) Power Systems
Interconnection steady state and dynamic analysis (v) Power system transient analysis through
software used for the study; (vi) Project Management; (Vii) Climate Change and Adaptation , GHG
estimation , reduction & calculation (Viii) Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for Sustainability Management
and (Ix) Environmental and Social Audit, Monitoring and Evaluation. The consultant’s proposal shall
include a detailed training plan and scope covering both on-job training and at the consultant’s home
office. A consultant submitting a proposal without a detailed and costed training proposal shall be
rejected as non-responsive.

The overseas training will be done at the Consultants home office and will cover Load Forecasting,
Generation Planning, Transmission Planning, Economic & Financial Analysis, Power System network
analysis. The training will be done in to two parts. The first part will cover trainings on Generation
Planning, Transmission Planning, Economic & financial Analysis. The second part of the training will
cover training on power system analysis including but not limited to, power system steady state
analysis, net transfer capacity calculation, dynamic analysis, switching studies, and transient studies.

The duration will be Two Weeks for five (5) Staffs each from EEP and SSEC, for each part of the
training respectively. The training parts shall be arranged at different time. The cost of training
including visa expenses, air tickets (round trip air fare) between Ethiopia and consultant’s home
office and between South Sudan and consultant’s home office, local transportation facilities, and a
daily allowance of 400 USD for the duration of stay for the training participants will be covered by the
Consultant.

7.3 COUNTER PERSONNEL AND KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER

This study is an opportunity to train a number of relevant staff by attaching them to the study as
counterpart staff. The training will be on the job training and shall be conducted during office and the
field investigations. The training shall cover but not limited to the following topics:

i) Load forecasting and market analysis with specific focus on country-to-country

interconnections
ii) Design aspects of High Voltage transmission line and substations
iii) System analysis with specific attention to aspects that affect such as under frequency
schemes, stability studies, contingency studies, Net transfer calculations, dynamic model
development, blackout reconstruction/post incident analysis Importing PSSE model data
to Power Factory/Dig Silent model data and HVDC system modeling etc.
iv) Financial and Economic analysis of transmission and substation projects and project
appraisal methods
v) Environmental and Social Impact data collection and qualitative/quantitative data analysis
with advanced Excel, SPSS, NVIVO, ATLAS.ti/other relevant software
vi) The safeguard requirements of the updated Integrated Safeguard System of African

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Development Bank, the World Bank and the International Finance Corporation, the UN and
Equator Principles.
vii) Resettlement policies and compensation mechanisms
viii) The Healthy, Safety, and Environment (HSE) aspects associated with transmission lines.
Globally recognized Health, Safety & Environmental Qualifications and certify the trainers
by The National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health (NEBOSH).
ix) The LIDAR surveys techniques, or any other survey method chosen, and evaluation in
relation to environmental management
x) Gender and gender-based violence (GBV)
xi) Climate Change and Adaptation, GHG estimation, reduction & calculation
xii) Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for Sustainability Management

8.0 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STUDY

The proposed preparatory work will be implemented by Joint Technical Committee (JTC) composed
of the members from EEP, SSEC and Ministries in charge of Energy in Ethiopia and South Sudan and
AFDB

The JTC already exists and will ensure that the objectives and conditions for the execution of the
study are complied with, and it will be in charge, among others, of ensuring proper information to
the consultant, validating the findings of the study and resolve any issues that might arise during the
execution of the study.

The JTC will also be responsible for procurement of consultant services through AfDB. The JTC will
provide input and approval of TORs and participate in the recruitment of the consultants at
evaluation of bids and negotiation of contracts. The JTC will provide guidance to the work of the
consultancy firms, participating in the various planned workshops, monitoring both the progress of
the study and reviewing reports submitted by the Consultants, and reporting on regular basis to EEP
and SSEC on all aspects of the project.

9.0 FACILITITES TO BE PROVIDED BY THE CONSULTANT

The consultant is expected to provide the following tools as they are stated below for Ethiopia (EEP)
planning team as well as South Sudan (SSEC)planning team.

(xvii). 9.1 Procurement of Computers

The consultant is expected to procure six (6) per each (EEP/SSEC) high computing desktop computers
having two screens display each display can let to visualize two different views at a time with the
most recent specification later than the one mentioned below:

Processor: 12th generation intelRCoreTM19-12900(up to 5.1Ghz with intelR Turbo Boost

Technology, 30MB L3 cache, 16cores, 24threads)

Graphics: NVIDIAR GeForce RTXTM 3080 (8GB GDDR6 dedicated); 32GB DDRS-4000 MHz RAM
(2x16GB)

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Memory: Transfer rates up to 4000MT/s); 4 SODIMM; 2 TB PCleR Gen4 NVMeTM TLC M.2 SSD

Display: 86.36 cm (34II) diagonal, WUHD (5120 X 2160), IPS, three-sided micro-edge, anti-
reflection, 500 nits, 98% DCI-P3

(xviii). 9.2 TRANSPORTATION

The consultant shall provide two vehicles for each country (Ethiopia and South Sudan) for the
exclusive use of the Engineer and Employer site supervision works not having less specification than
the ones mentioned below and the running cost will be covered by the consultant: -

One (1) new diesel engine Hilux pick-up double cab M/T-Basic Grade with four cylinder & Cetane
rating more than 48, have very less CO2 emission, four doors, having not less than 4-cylinder,
transmission type all times 4x4, 5 seating capacity, 5 speed, air conditioned with power steering
(hydraulic), separate front seat, altitude 2700m, higher than 80Litre of fuel tank capacity, Audio
(AM/FM radio cassette, CD player), above 2500CC and as per latest supplier’s standard specifications.

One (1) new diesel engine V6 –Toyota Land Cruiser St. Wagen 300 V6-VX-R, A/T-High grade, 7 seating
capacity, having 6-cylinder, transmission type all times 4x4, Automatic Gear box, having interior
comfort like Radio/MP3, USB, Bluetooth, Apple car play and the likes, vehicle as per latest supplier’s
standard specifications.

10.0 OBLIGATIONS OF THE CONSULTANT FIRM

The Consultant firm shall be entirely responsible for carrying out the study. The firm shall provide
specialists, support staff and logistics necessary for the good execution of the work. The Consultant
shall, for each phase of the study, define in details what activities shall be carried out.

The firm shall set up a virtual project activity room within three weeks of commencement of services
to support seamless consultations, report reviews, and discussion for the efficient functioning of the
supervision team.

The firm shall be entirely responsible for carrying out the study, including the services done by his
sub-consultants. He will provide, but not limited, key experts listed in section 14 and support
essential logistics in terms of quality and quantity for the fulfillment of his tasks. The consultant shall
have a solid background and knowledge in the areas of electric power system planning and
transmission line project evaluations & analysis. Experience in each of these fields shall not be less
than 10 years. In particular, the following experience, expertise and knowledge are required:

i) Conducting feasibility studies of transmission line projects inter-connecting power grids of

contiguous countries,
ii) Conducting power system planning studies for the purpose of cross-border grid
interconnections,
iii) Conducting Power System modeling and analysis for the purpose of cross-border grid
interconnections,

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iv) Carrying out geological and route survey for transmission line projects,
v) Conducting an economic and financial analysis of cross-border transmission inter-connector
projects,
vi) Developing detailed design documents for cross-border transmission inter-connector
projects,
vii) Clear written and spoken English for every key staff proposed for the assignment.

The consultant shall be expected to submit documented evidence and references to support each of
the above required expertise. Consultants are also encouraged to included local professional among
key personnel directly involved in executing the assignment. The Consultant Team should preferably
comprise both male and female experts. The Consultant will take all the necessary measures for the
good execution of the work assigned to him and within the timeframe allocated. The Consultant is
free to add any key expertise he judges essential to perform the assignment.

(xix).10.1 Clearance of the Study from Country Designated Authority

The Government of Ethiopian Environmental Protection Authority's ESIA consultancy service

directive states that in order to carry out an ESIA that complies with the requirements of and obtains
clearance from the authority, the foreign consultant must engage the services of a qualified local
consultant as a subcontractor or joint venture (JV).
On the side of South Sudan, the ESIA consulting firm is required to submit a joint proposal with a
national Environmental firm with experience in the conduct of Environmental and Social Impact
Assessment (ESIA).

Registration and licensing requirement must be checked and fulfilled in both countries. The
consultant shall closely collaborate and exchange data and reports with the consultant in charge of
the feasibility study, conceptual design of the project.

11.0 OBLIGATIONS OF JTC

EEP, SSEC and the line ministries have constituted the JTC that will work closely with the consultant
in coordination of data collection and analysis, site visits, and liaising with other institutions.

JTC shall serve as a liaison between the Consultant, the various agencies and government
departments associated with or interested in the project. The Consultant shall be, however, fully
responsible for collecting data and information from these agencies after paying any necessary
charges. The Consultant shall be given unhindered access to the relevant agencies and territories in
order to carry out the study.

Part of the JTC composed EEP and SSEC social and environment specialists will work closely with the
consultant during data collection and analysis, site visits, and liaising with other national
stakeholders. Data and documentation on power interconnection and other relevant aspects of the
project area which the Client may have will be availed to the consultant; however, the consultant has

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the ultimate responsibility for collecting all the required data and documentation which cannot be
made available by the project from official sources. The Client will: (i) Facilitate in establishing
communication with the relevant institutions, (ii) Liaise and assist the consultant in obtaining any
other information and documents required from other government agencies, which the Client
considers essential for conducting of the assignment, (iii) Provide assistance to obtain work permits
for staff of the Consultant, (and (iv) Arrange consultative meetings and ensure linkage with relevant
national authorities. The Consultant shall operate their own project office and shall bear all
accommodation, local transportation, visas, and other costs necessary to carry out the assignment.

12.0 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE

a) Feasibility Study, Detailed Design and Preparation of Tender Documents

The study will be carried out within a period of nine (9) months starting from the date of
commencement. The summary of the implementation schedule will be as follows:

Table 1: Project duration to submit feasibility study

No. Phase Milestone Duration (Months since

commencement date)
1. I Commencement date of service 0
2. I Inception Report 1.5
3. I Draft Preliminary Design Report 2.5
4. I Final Preliminary Design Report 4.5
5. II Draft Feasibility Report 5.5
6. II Final Feasibility Report and Synopsis Report 6.5
7. III Draft Detailed Design Report 8.0
8. III Final Detailed Design and Tender Documents Report 9.0

b) ESIA study with relevant standalone management plan Reports

The study will be carried out over a maximum period of 8 weeks starting from the date of
commencement, including time for review reports. The summary of the implementation schedule of
the study appears in the following table.

Table 2: Project duration to submit ESIA report

No. Milestone Duration (Months

since
commencement
date)
1. Commencement date of service 0
2. Draft Inception Report 0.25
Final Inception Report (after the comment of the 0.75
Draft)

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3. Draft ESIA with management plans (SEP, BMP, LMP & 1.75
HSP)
4. Draft final ESIA and Management Plans addressing 2.25
Comments from the Clients & Bank
5. Final ESIA and Management Plans 2.75
6. Approval and no objection of Final ESIA with 3
embedded ESMPs and standalone management plans
by the Bank (AfDB) and Get Clearance for ESIA from
EPA/Environmental Protection Authority.

Table 3: Project duration to submit RAP report

No. Milestone Duration (Months

since
commencement
date)
1. Commencement date of service 0
2. Draft Inception Report 0.25
Final Inception Report(after the comment of the Draft) 0.75
3. Draft RAP with standalone plans (LRP & GAP) 2 .75
4. Draft final RAP with Plans addressing Comments from 3.25
the Clients & Bank
5. Final RAP with Plans 3.75
6. Approval and no objection of Final RAP with 4
embedded community development plan/ historically
underserved plan and standalone plans by the Bank
(AfDB)

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During the execution of the studies, the Consultant shall produce Progress Reports on the 10th day of
every month in electronic format (both pdf and editable format by e-mail) to all stakeholders
commencing one month after the submission of the inception report. At the start of the assignment
the JTC, the consultant and AFDB will agree on a schedule of monthly meetings to review the
progress of the assignment. The progress report shall include information on work in progress and
completed, and estimated percent of work completed by task. The percentage of completion of each
task shall be shown computed on weighted average. The overall percentage of completion for the
work shall also be shown. The list of any problems that are causing or may cause delays, including
proposed measures to correct the problems shall also be reported. Reports shall also include a
financial summary indicating amounts invoiced, and disbursements against grant, and such pertinent
details as foreign exchange and local costs;

13.0 PROFILES OF KEY EXPERTS TO BE PROVIDED BY THE CONSULTANT

The key experts listed below are as proposed however; it’s the responsibility of the Consultant to
ensure they have adequate coverage to meet the requirements of the study.

a) Feasibility Study, Detailed Design and Preparation of Tender Documents

Project Manager: Electrical engineer with at least a BSc in engineering and 15 years’ experience
in the design, planning and supervision of power projects and with experience in the
developing countries and must have experience in grid interconnection study projects.

Power System Planner: Electrical engineer with at least a BSc in Electrical Engineering and
specialized in electrical networks with 10 years’ experience in electrical systems
engineering, particularly in networks analysis and grid interconnection studies and power
demand forecast expertise

Generation Planner: Electrical /Electro-mechanical engineer specialized in generation with at least 7

years’ experience in power projects in developing countries and grid interconnection studies

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Substations Design Engineer (2): Electrical engineer and Civil Engineer with at least a BSc and
specialized in stations design. He must have at least 10 years’ experience.

Transmission Line Design Engineer: Electrical engineer with at least a BSc and specialized in the
design of power transmission lines. Must have at least 10 years’ experience, if possible, in the
projects/studies initiated in developing countries and also must have experience in grid
interconnection study projects.

Transmission Line Civil Design Engineer: Engineer with at least a BSc and specialized in civil
engineering, with at least 10 years' experience in major infrastructure projects and particularly in
power transmission lines projects.

SCADA/Tele - Control Engineer: Telecommunications Engineer with at least a BSc and specialized in
SCADA / communication on power lines, having at least 10 years of experience.

Power System Financial & Economic Analyst: must hold an M.A. in finance or in economics and
have at least 10 years’ experience in financial and economic analysis of power projects.

GIS/Survey Expert: Engineer with at least a BSc and with qualifications in Survey and at least 7 years’
experience in Topography and GIS and major infrastructure projects and particularly in power
transmission lines projects.

Geologist: Engineer with at least a BSc and specialized in geology with at least 7 years’ experience in
major infrastructure projects and particularly in power transmission lines projects.

Power Trade Expert: Must hold a Master’s degree in the relevant field. He must have at least 10
years’ experience in implementation and operation of trans-boundary power projects.

b) ESIA & RAP

The consultant firm shall submit a brief description of the Consultant’s organization and an outline of
the recent experience of the Consultant that is most relevant to the assignment. In the case of a joint
venture, information on similar assignments shall be provided for each partner. For each assignment,
the outline should indicate the names of the Consultant’s Key Experts and Sub-consultants who
participated, the duration of the assignment, the contract amount (total and, if it was done in a form
of a joint venture or a sub-consultancy, the amount paid to the Consultant), and the Consultant’s
role/involvement.
The Consulting Firm must have demonstrated experience as follows:

1. Core Business: Area of Expertise, demonstration of the consultant experience in the energy and
Road sector;
2. Years in Business: Eight (8) or more years in relevant work (Business)
3. Prior experience with assignments of a similar nature: Evidence for the successful completion of
similar assignment for at least two energy projects in Africa.
4. Technical and Managerial Capabilities of the Firm: Demonstrate technical and managerial
capability of the firm including organization and staffing, evidenced by existence of strong and
reliable organizational structure and staffing.

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The firm responsible for proposing required profile (expertise) and qualified staff to undertake the
studies. Experience from similar assignments and from the region is particularly relevant. This will
require strong leadership on the Consultant team in following areas:

 Understanding of the legal and policy framework related to ESIA, compensation,

resettlement assistance, grievance redress, human right, Gender, monitoring and evaluation,
historically underserved traditional communities’ rights and interests

 A systematic method for data collection and analysis sex-disaggregated data, as well as the
ability to deal with data gaps and uncertainties.

 A comprehensive identification and assessment of the potential hazards, impacts, and risks
associated with the project, as well as the mitigation measures and monitoring plans

 Identify the project impacts and the affected population through mapping, census, inventory
of assets, and socioeconomic studies.

 Familiarity with the social, cultural, economic and environmental aspects of the historically
underserved traditional communities situation and aspirations.
 GBV/SEA/SH prevention and mitigation measures and designing gender action plan

 Consult and negotiate with the affected parties and other stakeholders in a participatory and
transparent manner.

 Prepare a budget for ESIA & RAP and an implementation schedule for the RAP

The required key staff specific Educational Qualification and Experience shall be as follows:

Table 5: Key Staff Educational Qualification and Experiences

Role Required Qualification Remark

One Project Manger  The consultants need to have the project For Both ESIA &
manager shall at least have Master’s Degree in RAP studies
Environment Science/ Environmental Engineering /
Environmental Management/ Natural Resource
Management / Ecology / Sociology/ Anthropology/
with 8 years of professional experience in the
related field.
 The expert is required to have specific
experience in preparation of ESIA in energy and
Power projects/ road projects as per national
requirements, and have the knowledge and working
experience in preparation of ESIA and RAP according
to the World Bank’s/AfDB requirements
One Senior  Minimum of BSc degree in Environmental For ESIA study

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Environmentalist science/ Environmental Engineering and Related

fields/ with at least 8 years general experience
 At least 5 years of similar experience in
preparing an ESIA preferably on energy projects.
The consultants (one per country) need to have
knowledge and practical work experience in Senior
Environmentalist the context of country they are being
proposed as the expert for.

Two Senior  Who has expertise in social assessment, For Both ESIA &
Sociologist/ resettlement planning, socioeconomic surveys, RAP studies
Anthropologist/A stakeholder consultation, grievance redress,
resettlement monitoring and evaluation, and institutional capacity
specialist building.
 have experience in World Bank Group/ AfDB
projects
 Minimum of MA/BSc degree or equivalent in
Rural Development/ Sociology/Anthropology with at
least 8 years of general experience,
 At least 5 years of similar experience in
preparing an ESIA preferably on energy projects.
 The consultants (per country) need to have
knowledge and practical work experience in Senior
Sociologist/ Anthropologist the context of country
they are being proposed as the expert for.
One Socio-  who has expertise in conducting For RAP study
economist socioeconomic surveys, analyzing household income
and expenditure data, assessing livelihood impacts
and opportunities, designing income restoration
programs, and conducting poverty and social impact
analysis
 have experience in World Bank Group/ AfDB
projects
 Minimum of BA degree or equivalent in
economics/ sociology/ development studies with at
least 8 years general experience
 At least 5 years of similar experience in
preparing an ESIA and/or RAP preferably on energy
projects.
 The consultants (one per country) need to
have knowledge and practical work experience in
Socio-economist in the context of country they are
being proposed as the expert for.
One Forestry /  Minimum of BSc/BA degree or equivalent in For Both ESIA &
Ecologist forestry/ plant science with at least 6 years general RAP studies

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experience.
 At least 4 years of similar experience in
preparing an ESIA and/or RAP preferably on energy
projects.
 The consultants (one per country) need to
have knowledge and practical work experience in
Forestry / Ecologist the context of country they are
being proposed as the expert for.
One Zoologist  Minimum of BSc/BA degree or equivalent in For ESIA study
Zoology/ Biology/, with at least 6 years general
experience.
 At least 4 years of similar experience in
preparing an ESIA and/or RAP preferably on energy
projects.
 The consultants (one per country) need to
have knowledge and practical work experience in
Zoologist the context of country they are being
proposed as the expert for.

One Gender Expert  Minimum of a BA Degree in Sociology and For both ESIA &
/ A gender Anthropology in a relevant discipline with a RAP study
specialist qualification in Gender Studies, GBV/SEA Studies,
Women Studies with more than five (5) years of
professional experience in the related field. The
consultant shall have proven experience in gender
assessments, gender analysis and GBV/SEA and
Gender mainstreaming. Experience in Gender
Mainstreaming within the energy sector/ road is
highly desirable. Experience in GBV/SEA is
mandatory.
 The consultants (one per country) need to have
knowledge and practical work experience in Gender
the context of country they are being proposed as
the expert for.
One OHS Expert  Minimum BSc Degree in Occupational Health and For ESIA study
Safety, Environmental Health and related disciplines,
at least 5 years for relevant experience in Health and
Safety,
 preparation and implementation of Health and
Safety Management
 Plan and carrying out Health and Safety
management and monitoring preferably on energy
projects.
 The consultants (one per country) need to have
knowledge and practical work experience in OHS

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expert the context of country they are being

proposed as the expert for.
Two Data  Minimum of the BSc/BA degree or equivalent For Both ESIA &
Management in Data Management / Statistic / Computer science RAP studies
Specialist with at least 5 years of professional experience.
 The consultants (per country) need to have
knowledge and practical work experience in data
management.
one GIS  Minimum of MA/BSc degree or equivalent in For Both ESIA &
Expert/Land use GIS/ Development Studies or other relevant field RAP studies
expert/ with at least 5 years of professional experience.
 The consultants (per country) need to
have knowledge and practical work experience in
GIS and land use.

one Surveyor Minimum of diploma or equivalent in survey with at For Both ESIA &
least 7 years of professional experience. The RAP studies
consultants (one per country) need to have
knowledge and practical work experience in survey.
Climate change  Masters degree with a minimum of 6 years of For ESIA study
expert general professional experience /BA with at least 8
years of professional experience is required in the
fields of on climate science, environment and
climate change management, environmental
sciences and related studies.
 A minimum of 5 years of experience in
preparing ESIA that align with national requirements
and the standards set by the World Bank /AfDB is
required, preferably with a focus on electric power/
road projects.

 Expertise in climate modeling, greenhouse gas

emissions and the impacts of climate change on
ecosystems and communities, assessment of the
potential environmental impacts of development
projects, including climate change-related risks and
vulnerabilities, analysis of the project's carbon
footprint and climate resilience and development of
mitigation and adaptation measures, climate
economics includes calculating the costs of clearing
biomass, estimating carbon sequestration values,
evaluating biodiversity impacts, fragility assessments
and assessing the economic implications of reducing
dependence on thermal power. Have knowledge on
relevant climate change frameworks, such as

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national emission reduction targets, international

climate agreements such as Paris Agreement and
local climate action plans.

Qualification of the Consultant

The Consultant should demonstrate past experience in conducting ESIAs and RAP for the
development of high voltage transmission lines and road projects for the last eight years and have
experience in World Bank Group/ AfDB projects. The team will be led by a Senior Environmental
Assessment Specialist/ Senior Sociologist or resettlement specialist with a clear strategic
understanding of project objectives from a regional and multipurpose perspective. The areas of
expertise required include: environmental and social impact assessment, resettlement plan,
grievance mechanisms, gender assessments, gender analysis and GBV/SEA, terrestrial ecology, public
health, and public consultation. The Consultant may optimize their personnel to demonstrate the
competences required for the assignment. The personnel of the Consultant should have a wide
practical experience in the areas mentioned. The use of regional experts among the core personnel is
required.

Proposals should indicate how the funds will be best utilized to achieve the objectives of the
assignment. Whilst all of the Consultant’ costs incurred in their participation, supporting the
arrangement and running of national and regional workshops must be included in the consultant’s
financial proposal, the costs of holding the workshops themselves (costs of venue, participants’
expenses such as transport and accommodation, materials etc.) will be met by the Client and should
not be included in the Consultant’s financial proposals. The costs of all other consultations, meetings
etc. required by the Consultant to adequately complete the assignment must be included in the
financial proposals.

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14.0 UTILITIES ORGANOGRAM

(xx).14.1 EEP organization structure

(xxi).14.1.1 HIGH LEVEL STRUCTURE OF ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER (EEP)

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(xxii).14.2 SSEC Organogram

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15.0 SIMPLIFIED PROJECT DIAGRAM

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16. Project Organization Structure

ANNEX 1: THEMATIC STRUCTURE OF THE ESIA

This Appendix is provided as a guidance for the Consultant for conducting the studies and for
establishing the ESIA report. It only gives an example of the structure of the ESIA report but does not
limit the scope of the studies to the listed subjects, the Consultant remaining responsible for including,
developing and deepening other aspects and domains that his surveys, enquiries and studies will
identify as critical for the particular project.

Executive Summary:
This section shall present in a non-technical language a concise summary of the ESIA Report including
the baseline conditions; the alternatives considered; mitigation/enhancement measures; monitoring
program; consultations with stakeholders; capabilities of environmental and social units and actions to
strengthen those capacities; and cost implications.

Introduction
The Introduction shall indicate the purpose of the ESIA, present an overview of the proposed project to
be assessed, as well as the project’s purpose and needs. It shall also briefly mention the contents of the
ESIA Report and the methods adopted to complete the assessment.

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Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework

This chapter concerns the policy, legal and administrative framework within which the ESIA is carried
out. It presents the relevant environmental and social policies of the national (in South Sudan) legal
requirements and related constraints (e.g., practices that may discriminate or exclude any stakeholder
group) relevant to the project. It provides information on the environmental requirements of any co-
financiers, and identifies relevant international environmental/social agreements to which the 2
countries are signatories.

Project Description and Justification

The first part of this chapter shall describe the proposed project and its geographic, ecological, social,
economic and temporal context: project location, various project components, capacity, construction
activities, facilities, staffing, working conditions, availability and source of raw materials, production
methods, products, schedule of works, land tenure, land use system, potential beneficiaries, affected
groups (directly and indirectly), and offsite investments that may be required. It shall at least include a
map showing the project location and area of influence.
The project justification should be based on combined economic, environmental and social
assessments. To this end, this chapter shall describe the current situation in the sectors concerned by
the project, explain the problems or the needs to be satisfied and present the constraints associated
with the project implementation. The technical features of the project (layout, location of main works,
capacities and size, technical and operational specifications, etc…) will derive from the Feasibility
Studies performed by the technical Consultant, thus requiring that both Consultants exchange, discuss
and harmonize the findings of their respective studies and activities

Description of the Project Environment

This chapter shall first determine the limits of the study area that shall be defined in order to
encompass all project direct and indirect impacts. The description and analysis of the physical,
biological and human conditions shall address relevant environmental and social issues within this area,
including any changes anticipated before project implementation.
Within the human environment, key issues that shall be considered include population characteristics
and trends, revenue disparities, gender differences, health problems, natural resource access and
ownership, land use patterns and civil society organisation level. A particular attention shall be given to
the rare, threatened, sensitive or valorised environmental and social components.
The information presented shall be relevant to decisions about project location, design, operations as
well as environmental and social management. Maps, figures and tables shall be included in this
chapter to better illustrate the various environmental and social components.

Project Alternatives
This part of the ESIA Report consists in analysing the various feasible alternatives of the project,
including the "without project" option and the option of replacing the project with other investments in
the project area to satisfy and achieve the same objectives. The selected alternative shall be the most
environmentally and socially sustainable, taking into account the technical and economic feasibility.

Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation/Enhancement Measures

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This chapter presents a detailed analysis of beneficial and adverse impacts of various components of
the selected project alternative on the physical, biological and human (social, cultural and economic)
environments. The long-list of impacts and concerns of different relevance below will serve as a check
list for the assessment of E&S impacts.
- Increase in economic activity and employment;
- Induced development due increased access to electricity;
- Possible disruption of existing activities;
- Possible disruption of social set up, including gender relations
- Loss of livelihood for those who are living and/or cultivating the land in the right of way;
- Development of additional skills for those taking advantage of new opportunities;
- Uncertainty and increased perturbations due to a lack of information and communication;
- Development of new infrastructures;
- Increased pressures on existing social services due to migration and resettlement;
- Degradation of air quality by dust, heavy machinery atmospheric emissions and waste
disposal and increase in ambient noise during the construction period;
- Soil compaction and erosion during construction;
- Soil destabilisation as a result of excavation;
- Destruction of ecosystems of particular interest;
- Degradation of ecologically sensitive areas;
- Loss of biodiversity;
- Destruction of vegetation;
- Loss of forest products (fuel wood, timber, non- timber forest products, medicinal plants);
- Disruption of wildlife migrations;
- Increase in poaching due to non-resident workers;
- Loss of sites of cultural, archaeological or historical importance;
- Loss of productive land and natural resources;
- Derangement of livestock grazing and traditional agriculture;
- Insufficient arable land to satisfy subsistence agricultural needs;
- Loss of territory for local populations;
- Changes in land uses, access and rights, that can lead to social conflicts;
- Social conflicts associated with the venue of migrant workers and new settlers (divorces,
ethnic tension, etc.);
- Degradation of the visual quality of the landscape due to land clearing, construction works,
new infrastructures, etc.
- Health and safety impacts;
- Etc.
The methodology of assessment, based on a rigorous scientific method, shall be first presented. Then
all environmental and social, direct and indirect, short and long-term, temporary and permanent
impacts shall be described and assessed, indicating their importance level and their probability of
occurrence. The importance level may be assessed on the basis of the nature, extent, intensity and
duration of the impact, as well as on the sensitivity of the concerned environmental and social
components and perceptions of the public. Irreversible or unavoidable impacts shall be clearly
identified. Cumulative effects shall also be addressed taking into account other projects or actions
planned in the study area.

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Appropriate mitigation measures shall be identified to prevent, minimise, mitigate or compensate for
adverse environmental and/or social impacts. Moreover, enhancement measures shall be developed in
order to improve project environmental and social performance. Roles and responsibilities to
implement measures shall be clearly defined. The cost of the measures shall be estimated, including
the cost for environmental and social capacity building and gender mainstreaming, if necessary.
Residual impacts shall be presented.
The below long-list is meant to serve as a guiding check-list for the assessment of E&S impacts and
mitigation measures.
- Give preference to local employment (men and women) and local inputs (food, basic
material) to the extent possible;
- Offer appropriate compensations or alternative income opportunities to men and women
having a reduced access to or losing productive means;
- Ensure that the poor and other vulnerable groups can continue to safely satisfy their basic
needs;
- Provide adversely affected people, men and women, with the training required to benefit
from new opportunities;
- Plan information, education and communication activities during and after project
implementation to increase awareness of all users (men and women) on safety measures
that shall be followed;
- Before construction, consult concerned ministries to verify the adequacy of current and
proposed infrastructures;
- Involve the population (men and women) in the maintenance and management of new
infrastructures to ensure their sustainability;
- Ensure adequate social services, including drinking water supplies and sanitation facilities, for
addressing the basic needs of the local populations, non-resident workers and migrants;
- Assist social service administrations in coordinating their efforts to offer additional services
and improve service delivery if required;
- Promote safety net measures to protect the poor and other vulnerable groups against a
service price increase;
- Establish quality control for water supplies and sanitation facilities;
- Near the residential areas, avoid noisy works after regular working hours;
- Maintain vehicles and machinery in good condition in order to minimize gas emissions and
noise;
- Use dust and noise attenuators, such as vegetation hedges along transport corridors in order
to minimize noise and the aerial transport of dust;
- Plan and set up on-site sanitary facilities for the disposal of wastewater;
- Maintain vehicles, machinery and equipment in good condition in order to avoid leaks and
spill of hazardous materials (hydrocarbons, chemical products, etc.);
- Ensure a safe management of hazardous materials (hydrocarbons, chemical products, etc.);
- Take all precautions during the refueling of vehicles and machinery, and forbid the refueling
near water bodies;
- Avoid areas sensitive to erosion;
- Carry out the construction works in the dry season;
- Limit the circulation of heavy machinery to minimal areas;

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- Avoid establishing access roads along steep slopes; instead, locate the access roads
perpendicularly or diagonally to the slope;
- Use existing borrow pits rather than creating new ones; after the works, restore borrow pits
by stabilising slopes and facilitating vegetation regeneration;
- Stabilise the soils in order to reduce potential erosion;
- At the end of construction works, level off the soils and facilitate vegetation re-generation;
- Design the project by taking into account ecosystems of particular interest and ecologically
sensitive areas;
- Protect equal areas of ecosystems of particular interest to offset losses;
- Minimise the length of work in ecologically sensitive areas;
- Design the project by taking into account wildlife reproduction areas and migration corridors;
- Do not carry out any work in reproduction areas during the reproduction periods;
- Before construction, carry out an archaeological search in the potential areas containing
artefacts and preserve discovered artefacts;
- Negotiate with traditional authorities the preservation of important cultural, religious,
historical and aesthetic sites and resources and agree on potential compensation for the
communities;
- During construction, ensure an archaeological surveillance in the potential areas containing
artefacts and in case of a discovery, advise the concerned authorities;
- Involve traditional authorities in monitoring cultural, religious, historical and aesthetic sites
and resources during the various phases of the project;
- Provide equivalent or better housing and accompanying facilities to involuntarily displaced
men and women in accordance with consultation results;
- Plan adequate settlement areas with appropriate housing and services (water and sanitation)
for non-resident workers and their families;
- Provide temporary food supplies to involuntarily displaced men and women, as needed;
- Provide complementary training /support to men and women to facilitate adjustment during
the transition period;
- In accordance with priorities of displaced men and women, ensure appropriate funding for
resettlement as well as for productive land compensation to men and women owning or
occupying/cultivating the land;
- Take into account the various land uses while designing the project in order to minimise the
loss of land, particularly productive land;
- Involve traditional authorities in the design of the project, particularly in siting settlements
and in defining flooded areas;
- Wherever possible, compensate the loss of land by protecting an equivalent land area in the
region;
- Offer compensation or alternative revenue opportunities to men and women loosing land
and/or productive means, e.g. to owners and those occupying/cultivating the land;
- Develop alternative grazing areas to compensate for those lost;
- Integrate land management priorities into land planning instruments to take into account
various land uses;

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Environmental Hazard Management

This chapter shall describe the security measures and propose a preliminary contingency plan for the
construction and operation phases of the project (possible contingency situations, major actions to
properly react to accidents, responsibilities and means of communications).
The ESIA shall include an analysis of the technological accident risk: identification of hazard and
potential consequences, estimation of the consequences’ magnitude and frequency, and risk
estimation and evaluation.
The main risks of the project are related to:
- Health impacts (HIV and sexually transmitted infections; and Injuries). Activities associated
with construction works such as the manipulation of fuel, waste and hazardous materials;
- Changes in land and water uses, access and rights, that can lead to social conflicts;
- Social conflicts associated with the venue of migrant workers and new settlers (divorces,
ethnic tension, etc.);
- Etc.
In order to prevent or minimise these hazards, appropriate risk management measures shall be
designed and implemented.

Environmental and Social Monitoring Plan

The first section of this chapter shall describe the surveillance measures aiming at ensuring that the
proposed mitigation and enhancement measures are effectively implemented. The second section
concerns the environmental and social monitoring activities designed to measure and evaluate the
project impacts on some key environmental and social components of concern and to implement
remedial measures, if necessary. Indicators, roles and responsibilities shall be clearly defined. The cost
of the program shall be estimated, including the cost for environmental and social capacity building if
necessary.

Public Consultations
This chapter shall summarise the actions undertaken to consult the groups affected by the project, as
well as other concerned key stakeholders including Civil Society Organisations. The Consultant should
establish a consultation mechanism with local administrative authorities and traditional authorities to
ensure that their views are considered during the planning and implementation phases. Men, women
and youth should have the opportunity to organise themselves in groups representing their collective
interests. The detailed record of the consultation meetings shall be presented in annex to the ESIA
Report.

Environmental and Social Management Plan/ESMP

This section shall present management measures including actions, roles and responsibilities,
timeframes, monitoring and cost of implementation:

Institutional Capacities and Strengthening plan:

This section shall outline the adequacy of the institutional capacity within the project implementing
agency to oversee the implementation of the ESMP. This institutional capacity shall be strengthened to
improve the implementing agency’s function with regard to environmental and social management
Budget:

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A summary of an indicative budget accounted for environmental and social management,

environmental and social monitoring if applicable for a capacity building shall be presented.

Conclusion
The Conclusion shall specify the environmental and social acceptability of the project, taking into
account the impacts and measures identified during the assessment process. It shall also identify any
other condition or external requirement for ensuring the success of the project.

Annexes
 List of the professionals and organisations having contributed to the preparation of the ESIA
Report;
 List of consulted documents, including project-related reports;
 Baseline data referred to in the Report;
 Record of consultation meetings with primary and secondary stakeholders;
 The specific studies prepared in the framework of the ESIA;
 Any other document that the Consultant considers useful for substantiating the ESIA study results.

ANNEX 2: Sample out line of Stakeholder Engagement Plan

Executive Summary
1Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Project Information
1.3 Project Location
1.4 Principles of Stakeholder Engagement
2 Legal and other Requirements
2.1 National Regulatory Framework
2.2 AfDB’s Compliance Requirements
3 Project Stakeholder
3.1 Stakeholder Identification
3.2 Stakeholder Profiling and Analysis
3.3 Facilitating Participation of Women and Vulnerable Groups
4 Stakeholder Engagement Programmes
4.1 Purpose and Goal
4.2 Information Disclosure and Dissemination Program
4.3 Disclosure and Dissemination
4.4 Information Disclosure and Dissemination at National, Regional and Local
Levels
4.4.1 Type and Sources of Information
4.4.2 Methods of Disclosure and Dissemination
4.5 Stakeholder Consultation and Participation Program
5 Roles and Responsibilities
5.1 Ethiopia Electric Power
5.2 Contractor
5.3 Community Relation Team
6 Grievance Management Mechanisms

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6.1 Purpose and Scope

6.2 Grievance Resolution Procedure
7 Monitoring and Reporting
7.2 Monitoring
7.3 Reporting
8 Management Function
9 Indicative Budgets

ANNEX 3: Sample Template of Labor Management Plan

Table of Contents
0. Executive summary
0.1 Background
0.2 Objectives of the LMP
0.3 Scope and purpose
0.4 Project Information
0.5 Policy, Legal and Institutional Framework
0.6 Overview of Labour use in the Project
0.7 Human Resources Policy
0.8 Workers’ Grievance Management Mechanism
0.9 Induction and Monitoring
1. Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Objectives of the LMP
1.3 Scope and purpose 2
1.4 Project Approach to Labour and Working Conditions Management Plan
1.5 Project Location
1.6 Project Description
1.7 The Report Structure
2. Overview of Labour use in the Project
2.1 Number of Project Workers
2.2 Characteristics of Project Workers
2.3 Type of Workers
2.3.1 Direct workers
2.3.2 Contracted Workers
2.3.3 Non-Employee Workers
2.3.4 Migrant Workers
2.4 Contract Workers: Terms and Conditions
2.5 Timing of Labor Requirements
3. Assessment of key Potential Labour Risks
3.1 Key Labour Risks
4. Brief overview of Labour Legislation: Terms & Conditions
4.1 Constitution of the FDRE
4.2 Terms and Conditions
4.3 Labour Proclamation (Proclamation No 1156/2019)
4.3.1 Employment of Project Workers

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4.3.2 Contract of Employment

4.3.3 Determination of Wages, Deductions and Benefits
4.3.4 Hours of Work
4.3.5 Rest per Week
4.3.6 Annual Leave
4.3.7 Working condition of women and young
4.4 Labor Proclamation No. 377/ 2003 16
5. Brief Overview of Labour Legislation on Occupational Safety and Health and
Safety (OHS)
5.3 National Occupational Safety and Health Policy and Strategy 25
5.4 AfDB’s OS 5: Labour Conditions, Health and Safety 25
5.5 Institutional and Administrative Framework for Labour Administration in Ethiopia
5.5.1 Federal Level: Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs
5.5.2 Regional /City Administration Levels: Bureaus of Labour and Social Affairs
6. Responsible Staffs During Project Construction
6.1 Ethiopia Electric Power
6.2 Project manager
6.3 Human Resource Manager
6.4 Human Resource Personnel
6.5 HSE Manager
6.6 Contractors and Consultants
7. Policies and Procedures
7.1 Background
7.2 Non-discrimination and Equal Opportunity
7.3 Child Labour
7.4 Forced Labour
7.5 Recruitment process
7.5.1 Selection Process
7.5.2 Contract Signature
7.6 Compensation
7.7 Working Conditions and terms of employment
7.7.1 Working hours and attendance
7.7.2 Leave
7.8 Occupational Health and Safety
7.9 Disciplinary measures
7.10 Termination
7.11 Grievance Mechanism
7.12 Workers’ Organizations
7.13 Demobilization
8. Age of Employment
9. Workers’ Grievance Management Mechanism
9.1 Objectives of the Workers’ Grievance Management Mechanism
9.2 Guiding Principles for Grievance Management
9.3 Grievance Resolution Approaches
9.3.1 First step – Informal grievance resolution

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9.3.2 Second step – Formal Grievance Hearing and Resolution

9.3.3 Third step – Appeal
9.3.4 Fifth step – Lawful proceeding
9.4 Grievance Notification
9.5 Grievance Monitoring and Reporting
9.6 Communication of the Plan
9.7 Training and Awareness Creation
9.8 Roles and Responsibilities
10. Contractor Management
10.1 Contractual aspects
10.2 Construction supervision
10.3 International Suppliers
11. Community Workers
12. Primary Supply Workers

Annex 4: Sample Template of Security Management Plan

SMP contains all the procedures and protocols related to security for the project. Building on the
SRA, the SMP describes how and by whom security will be managed and delivered, the resources
required, and the behavior that is expected of security personnel. It should cover their equipment
and responsibilities, as well as the security risks related to security personnel behavior and impacts
on communities outlined in ESS4.

While the SMP should be an actionable and practical document, it is unlikely to be able to address
every possible scenario in detail. Rather, it should outline the project’s general approach to security
and define how security is undertaken and how risks are mitigated. The level of effort in managing
security risks should be commensurate with the level of security risk associated with the project and
its operating context.

SMPs will have the following sections, which will be reviewed at least annually and after any incident,
and updated as needed, throughout the project’s life.
A. OBJECTIVES AND APPROACH

1. Objectives of an SMP.

2. Security policy description, including priorities, roles and responsibilities. If applicable,

describe the relationship between, and relative responsibilities of, project security and other
third-party contractors and affiliated contractors, such as the Engineering, Procurement, and
Construction contractors.

3. Summary of security approach that can be shared with local stakeholders, including link to
the Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) and project grievance mechanism.

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B. STANDARDS and GOOD INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE

C. OVERVIEW OF SECURITY SITUATION

1. Project Setting:

2. Security Risks:

3. Security Arrangements:

D. PHYSICAL SECURITY
E. SECURITY OPERATING PROCEDURES
Provide a brief description of key security operating procedures. Key procedures should include a
brief description of the following:
• Boundary Security—how security will maintain control of the project’s perimeter and channel
people to access-control points.

• Access-Point Operations—the types of checks and screening for both people and vehicles at gates
or other access points. Include entry and exit searches and purpose, and who is subject to them.

• Incident Response—how security will respond to an incident and who is responsible for
responding. Responses should be based on proper and proportional use of force. Describe the role of
public security, including when they are called and by whom, for example, regarding criminal activity.

• Security Patrols—what patrols check and how often.

• Travel Security—(if applicable) any special procedure for off-site travel security.

• Materials Storage and Control—(if applicable) any controls over the transport, inventory, and
maintenance of storage areas for raw materials, equipment, etc. Note that these are stored in
accordance with appropriate national laws and regulations and relevant good international industry
practice, including the World Bank Group Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines.

• Information and Communication—procedures for categorizing, handling, and controlling sensitive

information.

• Firearms Security—project policy regarding firearms on-site, as well as the responsibilities and
procedures for issuing and storing any security firearms, ammunition, and non-lethal weapons. This
should include: location for storage; how weapons are properly secured during storage; records for
issuance; who they may be issued to; safeguarding while in possession of the personnel; and audits.

• Special Situations – There may be instances where large-scale events (e.g., criminal activity,
demonstrations, civil disorder) require interventions by public security which is not specifically
associated with the project. When planning for such events or emergencies, there should be clarity

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on how project security (private or public) passes control over to formal public security (for example,
police, military, emergency responders).

F. SECURITY SUPERVISION AND CONTROL

Management Structure and Responsibility, including overall lines of control, accountability, and
supervision for the security effort; 2. Responsibility for Conducting Security Risk Assessments: Discuss
the responsibilities for conducting risk assessments, who participates in them (e.g., senior
management, community relations team, key stakeholders from communities, etc.), and what the
assessments cover.
Cross-Functional Coordination: Describe interdepartmental coordination, community relations;
human resources, and government relations are important partners in project security. Outline any
planning/coordination activities between security and other departments, which may range from
participation in security risk assessments to weekly meetings.

G. PRIVATE SECURITY MANAGEMENT

Private security’s role is to provide preventive and defensive services, protecting workers, facilities,
equipment, and operations wherever they are located. Private security personnel have no law-
enforcement authority and will not encroach on the duties, responsibilities, and prerogatives
reserved for public security forces. 1. Provision and Composition of the Private Security Personnel: 2.
Contract Provisions: 3. Active Oversight of Contractor Performance: 4. Security Personnel
Background Screening: 5. Security Personnel Equipment: 6. Use of Force by Security Personnel: 7.
Security Personnel Training:
and, where necessary, augment the training through the use of qualified third parties or direct
instruction.

H. PUBLIC SECURITY

Document Public Security Personnel Role: 2. Provision and Composition of the Security Personnel: 3.
Summarize the MoU or agreement for services and request a high-level contact point for security: 4.
Monitor security performance on an ongoing basis; 5. Security Personnel Background Screening:
The project will agree with public security how individuals assigned to the project will be properly
vetted, including how any allegations of past abuses, inappropriate use of force, or other criminal
activity and wrongdoing will be taken into account prior to allowing an individual to be assigned to
the project. 1. Security Personnel Equipment: 2. Security Use of Force: 3. Security Personnel Training:
4. Allegations of Misconduct

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ANNEX 5: THEMATIC STRUCTURE OF RAP

1. Executive Summary: This section shall present in a non-technical language a concise
summary of the RAP Report.
The resettlement action plan (RAP) summary will contain the following as
minimum:

1.1. Compensation Summary Sheet (see template below);

1.2. Brief description of project/subproject/components including activities that

induce resettlement;
1.3. Objectives of the RAP (enumeration of the principles of the national

legislation, and all the additional the AfDB requirements);

1.4. Main socio-economic characteristics of the PAHs living areas;

a. Socio-economic aspects / issues (opportunities, risks, livelihood

vulnerability, etc.) of the project area of influence;
b. Regime / status / constraints of land in the project area of influence;
c. Profiles of actors located/ depending/ living in the project area of
influence of (site, right-of-way, vicinity, buffer zone, etc.).
1.5. Social and economic impacts of the project on the affected people (see also

ESIA findings);
a. Land requirements for the project;
b. Profiles of people affected by resettlement including their vulnerability

levels;
c. Impacts and indirect effects of temporary or permanent loss of land and

source of livelihood.
1.6. Legal and institutional framework for resettlement;

a. Constitutional, legislative and regulatory provisions relating to land

and expropriation procedures (considering the Bank requirements);

b. Institutional framework of the expropriation for public interest /

payment of the compensation; c. Role of the project coordination

unit;
d. Roles and responsibilities of the authorities (Line Ministry, Land
valuation Commission, Ministry of Finance, Ministry in charge of land,

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Local level, etc.) and structures involved in the implementation of the

resettlement plan.
1.7. Compensation Plan

1.8. Right owners, assessment of rights and eligibility

a. Census including the cut-off date, and

Eligibility criteria;
b. Principles and applicable rate;
c. Estimate of actual losses and their compensation;

d. Consultations and negotiations held / conducted;

1.9. Physical relocation measures (current conditions of resettlement sites,

environmental management, integration with host populations, etc.);

1.10. Costs and budget for the full re-installation, including sustainable livelihood

restoration plan, if any;

1.11. Schedule of the Payments and the execution of the Physical Relocation;

1.12. Arbitration / Grievance Redress Mechanism ;

1.13. Monitoring and evaluation of the execution

a. Monitoring Indicator ;
b. Monitoring bodies and their roles;
c. Dissemination of the periodic reports and the
completion audit;
d. Cost of monitoring and evaluation;
1.14. Total cost for the full implementation of the RAP.
Template :

Compensation Summary Sheet

S/No Variables Data
A. General
1 Region/Province/Department …
2 Municipality/District…
3 Village/Suburb …
4 Activity(ies) that trigger resettlement
5 Project overall cost
6 Overall resettlement cost
7 Applied cut-off date (s)
8 Dates of consultation with the people affected by the
project (PAP)

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 Ethiopia South Sudan Electric Grid Interconnection Project 166

9 Dates of the negotiations of the compensation rates / prices

B. Specific information
10 Number of people affected by the project (PAP)
11 Number of Physically displaced
12 Number of economically displaced
13 Number of affected households
14 Number of females affected
15 Number of vulnerable affected
16 Number of major PAP
17 Number of minor PAP
18 Number of total right-owners and beneficiaries
19 Number of households losing their shelters
20 Total area of lost arable/productive lands (ha)
21 Number of households losing their crops and/or revenues
22 Total areas of farmlands lost (ha)
23 Estimation of agricultural revenue lost (USD)
24 Number of building to demolish totally
25 Number of building to demolish totally at 50%
26 Number of building to demolish totally at 25%
27 Number of tree-crops lost
28 Number of commercial kiosks to demolish
29 Number of ambulant/street sailors affected
30 Number of community-level service infrastructures
disrupted or dismantled
31 Number of households whose livelihood restoration is at
risk
…

2. Introduction: The Introduction shall indicate the purpose of the RAP, present an overview of the
proposed project to be assess, as well as the project’s purpose and needs. It shall also briefly
mention the contents of the RAP Report and the methods adopted to complete the study.

3. Description of the project: General description of the project and identification of the project
area.

4. Potential impacts: Identification of project related impacts, chiefly to land acquisition and
restriction to land use;
a) The project component or activities that give rise to resettlement;
b) The zone of impact of such component or activities;
c) The alternatives considered to avoid or minimize resettlement; and
d) The mechanisms established to minimize resettlement, to the extent possible, during
project implementation.

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5. Objectives and studies undertaken: The main objectives of the resettlement program and a
summary of studies undertaken in support of resettlement planning / implementation, e.g.,
census surveys, socio-economic studies, meetings, site selection studies…etc.

6. Regulatory framework: Relevant laws of Ethiopia, relevant policies and procedures, AfDB
Operational Policies.

7. Institutional framework: Political structure, NGOs.

8. Stakeholder engagement: Summary of public consultation and disclosure associated with
resettlement planning, including engagement with affected households, local and/or national
authorities, relevant NGOs and other identified stakeholders, including host communities. This
should include, at a minimum, a list of key stakeholders identified, the process followed
(meetings, focus groups, etc.), issues raised, responses provided, significant grievances (if any)
and plan for ongoing engagement throughout the resettlement implementation process.

9. Socioeconomic characteristics: The findings of socioeconomic studies to be conducted in the

early stages of project preparation and with the involvement of potentially displaced people,
including results of household and census survey, information on vulnerable groups, information
on livelihoods and standards of living, land tenure and transfer systems, use of natural resources,
patterns of social interaction, social services and public infrastructure.

10. Eligibility: Definition of displaced persons and criteria for determining their eligibility for
compensation and other resettlement assistance, including relevant cut-off dates.

11. Valuation of and compensation for losses: The methodology used in valuing losses to determine
their replacement cost; and a description of the proposed types and levels of compensation
under local law and such supplementary measures as are necessary to achieve replacement cost
for lost assets.

12. Magnitude of displacement: Summary of the numbers of persons, households, structures, public
buildings, businesses, croplands, churches, etc., to be affected.

13. Entitlement framework: Showing all categories of affected persons and what options they
were/are being offered, preferably summarized in tabular form.

14. Livelihood restoration measures: The various measures to be used to improve or restore
livelihoods of displaced people.

15. Resettlement sites: Including site selection, site preparation, and relocation, alternative
relocation sites considered and explanation of those selected and impacts on host communities.

16. Housing, infrastructure and social services: Plans to provide (or to finance resettlers' provision
of) housing, infrastructure (e.g., water supply, feeder roads), and social services (e.g., schools,
health services); plans to ensure comparable services to host populations; any necessary site
development, engineering, and architectural designs for these facilities.

17. Grievance procedures: Affordable and accessible procedures for third-party settlement of
" E f f i c i
e n t ,
disputes arising from resettlement; such grievance mechanisms should take into account the
R e l i a b l availability of judicial recourse and community and traditional dispute settlement mechanisms.
e a n d
A f f o r d
a b l e
E l e c t r i
c i t y "
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 " ESS OfS fU
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SeUnD tA ,N Ethiopia South Sudan Electric Grid Interconnection Project 168
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aT bI Ol Ne 18. Organizational responsibilities: The organizational framework for implementing resettlement,
E l e c t r i
including identification of agencies responsible for delivery of resettlement measures and
provision of services; arrangements to ensure appropriate coordination between agencies and
jurisdictions involved in implementation; and any measures (including technical assistance)
needed to strengthen the implementing agencies' capacity to design and carry out resettlement
activities; provisions for the transfer to local authorities or resettlers themselves of responsibility
for managing facilities and services provided under the project and for transferring other such
responsibilities from the resettlement implementing agencies, when appropriate.

19. Implementation schedule: An implementation schedule covering all resettlement activities from
preparation through implementation, including target dates for the achievement of expected
benefits to resettlers and hosts, and implementing the various forms of assistance. The schedule
should indicate how the resettlement activities are linked to the implementation of the overall
project.

20. Costs and budget: Tables showing itemized cost estimates for all resettlement activities,
including allowances for inflation, population growth, and other contingencies; timetables for
expenditures; sources of funds; and arrangements for timely flow of funds, and funding for
resettlement, if any, in areas outside the jurisdiction of the implementing agencies.

21. Monitoring, evaluation and reporting: Arrangements for monitoring of resettlement activities by
the implementing agency, supplemented by independent monitors to ensure complete and
objective information; performance monitoring indicators to measure inputs, outputs, and
outcomes for resettlement activities; involvement of the displaced persons in the monitoring
process; evaluation of the impact of resettlement for a reasonable period after all resettlement
and related development activities have been completed; using the results of resettlement
monitoring to guide subsequent implementation.

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