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    LECTURE+-+Earthquake+HAzard

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    LECTURE+-+Earthquake+HAzard

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    1 views22 pages

    LECTURE+-+Earthquake+HAzard

    Uploaded by

    Ahhiii Codm
    n

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    EA RT HQUA KE

    HAZARD
    Quarter 1, Lecture 4
    LEARNING TARGETS

    ✓ Explain the occurrence of earthquake and the


    possible hazards it bring.
    ✓ Identify the safe areas inside and outside the
    house in an event of a disaster like earthquake.
    ✓ Execute properly the things to do before, during
    and after an earthquake.
    ✓ Assess family preparedness in an event of an
    earthquake.
    What happens when the ‘Big One’ hits Metro Manila? |
    Look Through: The Big One
    What is an
    EARTHQUAKE?
    EARTHQUAKE
    ❑ It is the violent shaking of the Earth’s
    surface that is caused by sudden and
    rapid movement of large volume of
    rocks.
    ❑ It is also considered as the most
    destructive among all natural
    resources.
    Philippine
    Earthquake
    Hazard
    Map
    List of active fault in
    the Philippines
    ❑ WEST AND EAST VALLEY
    FAULT
    ❑ WESTERN PHILIPPINE
    FAULT
    ❑ EASTERN PHILIPPINE FAULT
    ❑ SOUTH OF MINDANAO
    FAULT
    ❑ CENTRAL PHILIPPINE
    FAULT
    MAGNITUDE
    AND
    INTENSITY
    MAGNITUDE
    ❑ It is the amount of
    energy released by an
    earthquake.
    ❑ It is fixed and
    measurable using a
    instrument called
    seismograph.
    MAGNITUDE

    ❑ The strength of the


    earthquake can be
    determined using
    the Richter's
    Magnitude Scale .
    INTENSITY
    ❑ It is the qualitative
    description of how
    destructive the
    earthquake is.
    ❑ The intensity of an
    earthquake is based
    on the location of the
    place from the
    epicenter.
    INTENSITY
    ❑ It measure the severity of an earthquake using
    Mercalli Intensity Scale.
    01
    01
    01

    SEISMIC GROUND
    FLOODING
    TSUNAMI
    LIQUEFACTION
    SHAKING

    HAZARD
    01
    01

    SURFACE
    LANDSLIDE
    SEICHE
    FIRE
    RAPTURE
    01 01 01 01

    GROUND
    SHAKING LIQUEFACTION TSUNAMI FLOODING

    01 01 01
    01

    SURFACE SEICHE
    LANDSLIDE FIRE
    RAPTURE
    ❑ It is describes the vibration
    of the ground when an
    earthquake occurs, usually
    recorded in terms of
    01

    intensity.
    ❑ Most of the damage are
    caused by seismic waves
    GROUND passing beneath roads,
    SHAKING building, bridges and other
    structures.
    ❑ It occur when sand or soil
    and groundwater mixed
    during the shaking of a 01

    moderate to strong
    earthquake.
    ❑ Due to the mixing of ground
    water and sand or soil it
    becomes very soft and show LIQUEFACTION
    a properties of a quicksand.
    ❑ It occur because of unstable
    land masses due to
    saturation with water and
    01
    shaking.
    ❑ Landslide includes a wide
    range of ground movement
    such as rock fall, rock slide,
    debris slide and shallow
    LANDSLIDE flow.
    ❑ Magnitude 4.0 can triggered
    a landslide
    ❑ It is earthquake event
    occurs, ground rupture
    happens only at the area
    where the fault zone moves.
    01

    ❑ Surface rupture is not a


    single line with a fixed
    width, but a zone with
    variable width where SURFACE
    fracture developed. These
    are called deformation zones.
    RAPTURE
    ❑ It is refer as tidal wave, that is
    caused by an earthquake occur
    in the crust under the ocean or
    sea than can bring massive
    01 destruction when it reaches the
    land.
    ❑ There are two types of
    tsunami; (1) locally generated
    caused by earthquake nearby

    TSUNAMI tranches, while (2) far-f ield


    tsunami are generated from
    source that are located farther
    from the impact.
    ❑ It is an standing wave in an
    enclosed or partially-enclosed
    body of water. This has been
    observed on lakes, reservoirs,
    01 swimming pool, bays, harbors
    and seas.
    ❑ The standing wave is a
    superposition of waves that
    travels with whole length of

    SEICHE the water are then reflected


    back in the opposite direction.
    ❑ Apart from incessant rain,
    flooding, it can be also be
    result of an earthquake. When
    tsunami hit land, water than 01
    remains can flood the coastal
    area.
    ❑ Another scenario that can
    cause flood is when the dam
    break, the water flowing out
    could cause massive flooding FLOODING
    in the low lying areas.
    ❑A major secondary effect
    associated with earthquake
    has been the possibility of fires
    breaking out after an
    01 earthquake.
    ❑ The possible sources of fire in
    this time are gas line, electrical
    wires, and other utility wires.
    ❑ A perfect example of this is the

    FIRE 1995 Kobe Earthquake in Japan


    where hundreds of fires broke
    out but water was unavailable
    due to broke water mains.

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