Revised Format

PHYSICS PROJECT
Topic- To observe refraction and lateral

deviation of a beam of light incident obliquely
on a glass slab.
By
-
-
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We express our gratitude to our physics teacher Ms.

_________________who gave us the golden
opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic
refraction and lateral deviation which helped us to do
the research work and learn new concepts.
We would also like to thank our parents and our friends

who helped in completing this project within the limited
time frame.
CERTIFICATE
This id to certify that the students of Class _________,

___________________ have successfully completed the
research project on refraction under the guidance of
___________________ during the year _____________
in partial fulfilment of Physics Practical Examination
conducted by AISSCE, New Delhi.
( Signature of external examiner)
( Signature of subject teacher)

INDEX
 Introduction
 Aim of project
 Theory/Principle
 Apparatus used
 Construction
 Procedure
 Conclusions
 Precautions
 Bibliography
INTRODUCTION
Refraction is the bending of light (it also happens with sound, water and other
waves) as it passes from one transparent substance into another.
This bending by refraction makes it possible for us to have lenses,
magnifying glasses, prisms and rainbows. Even our eyes depend upon this
bending of light. Without refraction, we wouldn’t be able to focus light
onto our retina.
Causes of Refraction
Change of Speed Results in Change in Direction
A light ray refracts whenever it travels at an
angle into a medium of different refractive
index. This change in speed results in a
change in direction. As an example, consider
air travelling into water. The speed of light
decreases as it continues to travel at a
different angle.
Refraction of light in glass is shown in the
figure above. When light travels from air
into glass, the light slows down and
changes direction slightly. When light
travels from a less dense substance to a
denser substance, the refracted light bends more towards the normal line.
If the light wave approaches the boundary in a direction that is
perpendicular to it, the light ray doesn’t refract in spite of the change in
speed.
AIM OF THE PROJECT
To observe refraction and lateral deviation of

a beam of light incident obliquely on a glass
slab.
THEORY
When a ray of light (PQ) incident on the face AB of glass slab, then it bends
towards the normal since refraction takes place from rarer to denser medium.
The refracted ray (QR) travel along straight line and incident on face DC of
slab and bends away from the normal since refraction takes place from
denser to rarer medium. The ray (RS) out through face DC is called emergent
ray.
From the following diagram

1. The incident ray is parallel to the emergent ray i.e. i = e.
1. The emergent ray is laterally deviated from its original path (incident ray)
by a distance d = t sec r sin (i – r).
APPARATUS USED
 White paper sheet
 Drawing pins
 Drawing board
 Glass slab
 Pencil
 Scale
 Rubber
PROCEDURE
Fix a white paper sheet by drawing pins on a drawing board. Take a
glass slab and put it symmetrically in the middle of the paper and
mark its boundary ABCD.
Draw a normal at point Q on face AB and draw a line PQ making an
angle i with the normal. PQ will represent an incident ray. Fix two
pins at points 1 and 2 on the line PQ at distances 1 cm or more
between themselves.
See images of these pins through face DC and fix two more pins at
points 3 and 4 (1 cm or more apart) such that these two pins cover
the images of first two pins, all being along a straight line. Remove
the glass slab. Draw straight line RS through points 3 and 4 to
represent emergent ray. Join QR to represent refracted ray.
Draw normal at point R on face DC and measure angle e. It comes
to be equal to angle i. Produce PQ forward to cut DC at T. Draw TU
perpendicular to RS. TU measures lateral displacement d. Now take
another set for different angle of incident and measure the lateral
displacement.
CONCLUSIONS
 Angle of incidence (i) = Angle of emergence (e).
 The lateral displacement increases with the
increase in the thickness of the slab.
 The lateral displacement increases with the
angle of incidence (i).
PRECAUTIONS
 The glass slab should be perfectly rectangular with

all its faces smooth.
 The drawing board should be soft so that pins can
be easily fixed on it.
 The angle of incidence should lie between 30° and
60°.
 All pins base should lie in straight line.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
o https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:Refraction_through_a_rectangular_glass_slab.
png
o https://www.learncbse.in/ncert-solutions-for-
class-12/
o http://www.olabs.edu.in/?pg=topMenu&id=40
o http://physics.mercer.edu/labs/manuals/
manualEMlab/ReflectionRefraction.pdf

Revised Format

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Revised Format

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Revised Format

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

PHYSICS PROJECT

Topic- To observe refraction and lateral

We express our gratitude to our physics teacher Ms.

We would also like to thank our parents and our friends

This id to certify that the students of Class _________,

( Signature of external examiner)

( Signature of subject teacher)

AIM OF THE PROJECT

To observe refraction and lateral deviation of

From the following diagram

 The glass slab should be perfectly rectangular with

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.