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16 views3 pages

X-Introduction_to_AI-Handout

Uploaded by

pratham.xbox
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CLASS X

SESSION 2024-25
SUBJECT – ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
HANDOUTS OF INTRODUCTION TO AI

______________________________________________________________________________

What is Intelligence?

It is the ability to understand and adjust to the environment using own abilities and knowledge.

What is AI?

Definition:

 Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines


that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. This can include
learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding.

Key Concepts:

 Machine Learning (ML): A subset of AI that involves training machines to learn from
data and improve their performance over time without being explicitly programmed.
 Neural Networks: Algorithms modeled after the human brain that help machines
recognize patterns and solve complex problems.
 Deep Learning: Deep Learning is a subset of machine learning where artificial neural
networks, algorithms inspired by the human brain, learn from large amounts of data.

Applications of AI:

 Virtual assistants (e.g., Siri, Alexa)


 Self-driving cars
 Facial recognition systems
 Personalized recommendations (e.g., Netflix, Amazon)

Humans are said to be an intelligent species, so what is it that makes us intelligent? According to
researchers, intelligence is the ‘ability to perceive or infer information, and to retain it as
knowledge to be applied towards adaptive behaviours within an environment or context.’

Let us define each term mentioned above to get a proper understanding:

Mathematical Logical Reasoning •A person's ability to regulate, measure, and understand


numerical symbols, abstraction and logic.

Linguistic Intelligence •Language processing skills both in terms of understanding or


implementation in writing or verbally.

Spatial Visual Intelligence •It is defined as the ability to perceive the visual world and the
relationship of one object to another.
Kinesthetic Intelligence •Ability that is related to how a person uses his limbs in a skilled
manner.

Musical Intelligence • This intelligence is about a person's ability to recognize and create
sounds, rhythms, and sound patterns.

Intrapersonal Intelligence •Describes how high the level of self-awareness someone has is.
Starting from realizing weakness, strength, to his own feelings. Existential Intelligence •An
additional category of intelligence relating to religious and spiritual awareness.

Naturalist Intelligence •An additional category of intelligence relating to the ability to process
information on the environment around us.

Interpersonal intelligence •Interpersonal intelligence is the ability to communicate with others


by understanding other people's feelings & influence of the person.

Introduction to AI Ethics

What is AI Ethics?

 AI Ethics involves the study of moral principles and practices that guide the
development and use of AI technologies. It ensures that AI is developed responsibly and
benefits society as a whole.

Key Principles:

 Fairness: Ensuring AI systems are unbiased and treat all individuals equally.
 Transparency: Making AI decision-making processes understandable and clear.
 Accountability: Establishing who is responsible for the actions and decisions made by
AI systems.
 Privacy: Protecting personal data and ensuring it is used ethically.

Bias and Fairness:

 AI systems can inherit biases from the data they are trained on. It's important to ensure
fairness and mitigate bias in AI algorithms.

Privacy:

 AI applications often require large amounts of data, raising concerns about user privacy
and data protection.

Ethical Questions:

1. How can we ensure AI systems are fair and unbiased?


2. What measures can be taken to protect user privacy in AI applications?
Domains of AI

1. Data Science-

Data Science is a field that uses scientific methods, processes, algorithms, and systems to
extract knowledge and insights from structured and unstructured data.

Key Concepts:

1. Data Collection: Gathering data from various sources.


2. Data Cleaning: Removing errors and inconsistencies from data.
3. Data Analysis: Exploring data to find patterns and insights.
4. Data Visualization: Presenting data in a visual format like charts and graphs.
5. Machine Learning: Using algorithms to make predictions or decisions based on data.

Applications of Data Science

Healthcare:

 Predicting disease outbreaks, personalized medicine, patient diagnostics.

Education:

 Personalized learning experiences, predicting student performance, optimizing


curriculums.

Finance:

 Fraud detection, risk management, personalized financial advice.

Retail:

 Customer sentiment analysis, inventory management, sales forecasting.

Sports:

 Performance analysis, injury prediction, game strategy optimization.

2. Natural Language Processing (NLP)

 Definition: The ability of computers to understand, interpret, and respond to human


language.
 Examples: Chatbots, language translation services (Google Translate).

3. Computer Vision

 Definition: The ability of machines to interpret and make decisions based on visual
inputs.
 Examples: Facial recognition systems, medical image analysis.

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