Revision for class x

Biology -Life sciences

Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions
selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Q.1. Assertion (A) : Plants lack excretory organs.
Reason (R) : Plants usually absorb essential nutrients.
Answer (b)
Q.2. Assertion (A) : In anaerobic respiration, one of the end product is alcohol.
Reason (R) : There is an incomplete breakdown of glucose.
Answer (a)
Q.3. Assertion (A) : In plants there is no need of specialised respiratory organs.
Reason (R) : Plants do not have great demands of gaseous exchange.
Answer (a)
Q.4. Assertion (A) : Bile is essential for digestion of lipids.
Reason (R) : Bile juice contains enzymes.
Answer (c)
Q.5. Assertion (A) : Carbohydrate digestion mainly takes place in small intestine.
Reason (R) : Pancreatic juice contains the enzyme lactase.
Answer (c)
Q.6. Assertion (A) : Aerobic respiration requires less energy as compared to anaerobic respiration.
Reason (R) : Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell.
Answer (d)
Q.7. Assertion (A): Arteries are thick-walled and elastic in nature.
Reason (R) : Arteries have to transport blood away from the heart.
Answer (b)
Q.8. Assertion (A) : Human heart is four-chambered.
Reason (R) : Vena cava is the only artery that supplies deoxygenated blood to the heart.
Answer (c)
Q.9. Assertion (A): Energy is required to carry out different life processes.
Reason (R) : Energy is obtained in the form of ATP in the mitochondria.
Answer (a)
Q.10. Assertion (A): Rings of cartilage are present in the throat,
Reason (R) : These ensure that the air-passage does not collapse
Answer (a)
Q.11. Assertion (A): Pyruvate is a six-carbon molecule
Reason (R) : It is prepared in the cytoplasm as the first step to cellular respiration
Answer (d)
Q.12. Assertion (A): Molecular movements are needed for life.
Reason (R): Body structures made up of these molecules need continuous repair and maintenance
Answer (a)
Q.13. Assertion (A): Diffusion does not meet high energy requirements of multi-cellular organisms
Reason (R) : Diffusion is a fast process but occurs at the surface of the body.
Answer (c)
Q.14. Assertion (A): The opening and closing of the pore is a function of the guard cells.
Reason (R) : Stomatal pores are the site for exchange of gases by diffusion.
Answer (b)
Q.15. Assertion (A): The purpose of making urine is to filter out undigested food from intestine
Reason (R): Kidneys filter the waste and produce urine,
Answer (d)
Q.16. Assertion (A): The inner lining of the small intestine has numerous finger-like projections called villi.
Reason (R) : The villi increase the surface area for absorption.
Answer (a)
Q.17. Assertion (A): In human beings, the respiratory pigment is haemoglobin
Reason (R) : It is a type of protein which has high-affinity carbon dioxide.
Answer (c)
Q.18. Assertion : The plants store some of the waste products in their body parts.
Reason: Raphides are the solid waste products of plants.
Answer (b)
Q.19. Assertion : The movement of water and dissolved salts in xylem is always upwards.
Reason: ‘The upward movement of water is due to low pressure created by transpiration.
Answer (a)
Q.20. Assertion : Photosynthesis takes place in green parts of the plants.
Reason: Photosynthesis always takes place in leaves.
Answer (c)
Q.21. Assertion: The average number of heart beat of a person at rest is about 80 per minute.
Reason: One contraction and relaxation of the heart constitutes a complete heart beat.
Answer (d)
Q.22. Assertion : Ureters are the tubes which carry urine from kidneys to the bladder.
Reason: Urine is stored in the urethra.
Answer (c)
Q.23. Assertion : Ventricles have thicker walls than auricles.
Reason: Ventricles have to pump blood into various organs with great pressure
Answer (a)
Q.24. Assertion : Capillaries are the thinnest blood vessels.
Reason: Capillaries connect the branches of arteries and veins.
Answer (b)
Q.25. Assertion : Blood takes up oxygen from the alveolar air and release CO2 during exchange.
Reason: ‘The concentration of O, is more in alveolar air.
Answer (b)
Q.26. Assertion: The large intestine is the largest part of the alimentary canal.
Reason: Tiger has a shorter small intestine, than herbivores.
Answer (d)
Q.27. Assertion : Most of the living organisms carry out aerobic respiration.
Reason: Mitochondria is the site of aerobic respiration in the cell.
Answer (b)
Q.28. Assertion : The Bowman’s capsule and the tubule together make a nephron.
Reason : The function of tubule is to allow the selective reabsorption of substances like glucose, amino
acids, urea, salts and water into the blood capillaries.
Answer (c)
Q.29. Assertion : Pancreatic juice digests starch, proteins and fats.
Reason: Pancreatic juice contains digestive enzymes like pancreatic amylase, trypsin and lipase.
Answer (a)
Q.30. Assertion: The accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles causes muscle cramps.
Reason: During vigorous physical exercise leg muscles respire anaerobically.
Answer (a)
Q.31. Assertion : Phloem helps in translocation of food from the leaves.
Reason: Phloem provides mechanical support to plant.
Answer (c)
Q.32. Assertion : Trachea does not collapse, when there is no air in it.
Reason : Trachea is supported by cartilage.
Answer (a)
Class 10 Science Chapter - Heredity and Evolution
Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions
selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Q.1. Assertion(A): A geneticist crossed two pea plants and got 50% tall and 50% dwarf in the progeny.
Reason (R) : One plant was heterozygous tall and the other was dwarf.
Answer: (a)
Q.2. Assertion(A) : Variations are seen in offspring produced by sexual reproduction.
Reason (R) : DNA molecule generated by replication is not exactly identical to original DNA.
Answer: (a)
Q.3. Assertion(A) : Mutation is sudden change in the genetic material.
Reason (R) : Variation is useful for the survival of species over time.
Answer: (b)
Q.4. Assertion(A): Mendel selected the pea plant for his experiments.
Reason (R) : Pea plant is cross-pollinating and has unisexual flowers.
Answer: (a)
Q.5. Assertion(A): The sex of a child is determined by the mother.
Reason (R) : Humans have two types of sex chromosomes: XX and XY.
Answer: (d)
Q.6. Assertion(A) : Evolution is an extremely slow process.
Reason (R) : New characters are accumulated in an organism during its lifetime.
Answer: (c)
Q.7. Assertion(A) : According to Darwin, all organisms compete with each other for existence.
Reason (R) : During the struggle for existence there is survival of the fittest.
Answer: (b)
Q.8. Assertion(A) : Geographical isolation cannot be a major factor in speciation of an asexually
reproducing organism.
Reason (R) : Asexually reproducing organisms do not require any other organism for reproduction.
Answer: (a)
Q.9. Assertion : In humans, height is a trait which shows variation.
Reason: Some humans are very tall, some have medium height whereas others are short heighted.
Answer: (b)
Q.10. Assertion : Accumulation of variation in a species increases the chances of its survival in changing
environment.
Reason : Accumulation of heat resistance in some bacteria ensure their survival even when temperature in
environment rises too much.
Answer: (b)
Q.11. Assertion : Traits like tallness and dwarfness in pea plant are inherited independently.
Reason: When a homozygous tall pea plant is crossed with dwarf pea plant, medium sized pea plant is
obtained in F, generation.
Answer: (c) Traits like tallness and dwarfness in pea plant are inherited independently and when a
homozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a dwarf pea plant, only tall pea plants are obtained in F1
generation.
Q.12. Assertion : Pea plant is considered ideal for hybridisation experiments.
Reason: Pea is self pollinating plant with short life cycle and bears visible contrasting traits.
Answer: (a) Mendel chose pea plants for studying inheritance because of number of reasons. Pea plants are
self pollinating which enables them to produce next generation of plants easily, also purelines could be
easily obtained. Due to short life cycle, many generations of pea plants can be produced in a comparatively
short span of time. Also pea plants shows a number of clear cut visible contrasting traits like tall and dwarf
height, round and winkled seeds, etc.
Q.13. Assertion : Monohybrid cross deals with inheritance of one pair of contrasting characters.
Reason: Dihybrid cross deals with inheritance of two pairs of contrasting characters.
Answer: (b)
Q.14. Assertion : When pea plants (pureline) having round yellow seeds are crossed with pureline plants
having wrinkled green seeds, then all pea plants obtained in F, generation bear wrinkled green seeds.
Reason: Round and yellow seeds are dominant to wrinkled and green seeds.
Answer: (d)
Q.15. Assertion: If blood group of both mother and father is O then the blood group of children will also be
O.
Reason: Blood group in humans is determined by many alleles of a gene viz. IA, IB, I0.
Answer: (b)
Q.16. Assertion: In some reptiles, the temperature at which fertilised egg is incubated before hatching plays
a role in determining sex of offspring.
Reason: In turtle, high incubation temperature above 33°C leads to development of female offspring
whereas in lizards high incubation temperature results in male offspring.
Answer: (b)
Q.17. Assertion : In humans, male (or father) is responsible for sex of the baby which is born.
Reason: Y chromosomes are present in only male gametes or sperms.
Answer: (a)
Q.18. Assertion: If mother is homozygous for black hair and father has red hair then their child can inherit
black hair.
Reason: Gene for black hair is recessive to gene for red hair in humans.
Answer: (c)
Q.19. Assertion : Selfing of a plant for several generations helps plant breeders to obtain pure breeding
varieties.
Reason: Pure breeding plants are heterozygous for many traits.
Answer: (c)
Q.20. Assertion : A tall plant which always produces tall offsprings is considered heterozygous for height
and is represented by genotype (Tt).
Reason: A tall plant which always produces tall offspring is homozygous dominant and will always produce
only one type of gamete (T).
Answer: (d)
Q.21. Assertion : A geneticist crossed two plants and got 50% tall and 50% dwarf progenies.
Reason: This cross follows Mendelian law as one of the parent plant might be heterozygous.
Answer: (b)
Q.22. Assertion : A heterozygous tall plant when crossed with homozygous dwarf plant will produce tall
and
dwarf plants in the ratio of 3:1.
Reason : A heterozygous tall plant will produce two types of gametes, i.e., one with T and other with t
whereas homozygous dwarf plant produce all gametes with t only.
Answer: (d)
Q.23. Assertion : In human males all the chromosomes are perfectly paired except X and Y chromosomes.
Reason: X and Y are sex chromosomes.
Answer: (a)
Q.24. Assertion: A child which has inherited X chromosome from father will develop into a girl child.
Reason: Girl child inherits X chromosome from father and Y chromosome from mother.
Answer: (c)
Q.25. Assertion : Genes present in every cell of an organism control the traits of the organisms.
Reason: Gene is specific segment of DNA occupying specific position on a chromosome.
Answer: (b)
Q.26. Assertion : In grasshoppers, females are heterogametic and males are homogametic.
Reason: In grasshoppers, male has only one sex chromosome (XO) whereas the female has sex
chromosomes
(XX).
Answer: (d)
Q.27. Assertion : Round green seeds in pea can be represented by RRyy of Rryy.
Reason: Round yellow seeds and green wrinkled seeds are parental combinations whereas round green and
wrinkled yellow are recombinants.
Answer: (b)
Q.28. Assertion: If mother has two dominant alleles for black hair and father has two recessive alleles for
blonde hair then their child will inherit one dominant allele from mother and one recessive allele from father
and will have black hair.
Reason: Progeny inherits one genes for each trait from its parents but the trait shown by progeny depends
on inherited alleles
Answer: (a)

Chapter Life Processes.

Question 1:
Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v).
All living cells need nutrients, O, and other essential substances. Also, the waste and harmful substances
need to be removed continuously for healthy functioning of cells. So, a well developed transport system is
mandatory for living organisms. Complex organisms have special fluids within their bodies to transport such
materials. Blood is the most commonly used body fluid by most of the higher organisms. Lymph also helps
in the transport of certain substances.
(i) Which of the following does not exhibit phagocytic activity?
(a) Monocytes
(b) Neutrophils
(c) Basophil
(d) Macrophage
Answer: (c)
(ii) Amount of blood corpusles in changed in dengue fever. One of the common symptoms observed in
people infected with dengue fever is
(a) significant decrease in RBC count
(b) significant decrease in WBC count
(c) significant decrease in platelets count
(d) significant increase in platelets count.
Answer: (c)
(iii) Why are WBCs called soldiers of the body?
(a) They are capable of squeezing out of blood capillaries.
(b) They are manufactured in bone marrow.
(c) They fight against disease causing germs.
(d) They have granular cytoplasm with lobed nucleus.
Answer: (c)
(iv) Name the blood cells, whose reduction in number can cause clotting disorder, leading to excessive
loss of blood from the body.
(a) Erythrocytes
(b) Neutrophils
(c) Leucocytes
(d) Thrombocytes
Answer: (d)
(v) Which of the following is the correct feature of lymph?
(a) It is similar to the plasma of blood, but is colourless and contains less proteins.
(b) It is similar to the WBCs of blood, but is colourless and contain more proteins.
(c) It is similar to the RBCs of blood and red in colour.
(d) It contains more fats.
Answer: (a)
Assertion and Reason Questions for Class 10
The Human Eye and Colourful World.
Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions
selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Q.1. Assertion(A) : White light is dispersed into its seven-colour components by a prism.
Reason (R) : Different colours of light bend through different angles with respect to the incident ray as they
pass through a prism.
Answer(a)
Q.2. Assertion(A) : The phenomenon of scattering of light by the colloidal particles gives rise to Tyndall
effect.
Reason (R): The colour of the scattered light depends on the size of the scattering particles.
Answer(b)
Q.3. Assertion(A): A normal human eye can clearly see all the objects beyond certain minimum distance.
Reason (R) : The human eye has capacity of adjusting the focal length of eye lens.
Answer(a)
Q.4. Assertion(A) : A rainbow is sometimes seen in the sky in rainy season only when observer’s back is
towards the Sun.
Reason (R) : Internal reflection in the water droplets cause dispersion and the final rays are in backward
direction.
Answer(a)
Q.5. Assertion (A) : Myopia is the defect of the eye in which only nearer objects are seen by the eye.
Reason (R) : The eye ball is elongated.
Answer(a)
Q.6. Assertion(A): Hypermetropia is the defect of the eye in which only farther objects are seen.
Reason (R) : Hypermetropia is corrected by using converging lens.
Answer(b)
Q.7. Assertion(A) : Danger signals are made of red colour.
Reason (R) : Velocity of red light in air is maximum, so signals are visible even in dark.
Answer(c)
Q.8. Assertion(A): The sky looks dark and black instead of blue in outer space.
Reason (R) : No atmosphere containing air in the outer space to scatter sunlight.
Answer(a)
Q.9. Assertion (A): The stars twinkle, while the planets do not.
Reason (R) : The stars are much bigger in size than the planets.
Answer(b)
Q.10. Assertion(A): The Sun appears flattened at sunrise and sunset.
Reason (R) : The apparent flattering of the Sun’s disc at sunrise and sunset is due to atmospheric refraction.
Answer(a)
Q.11. Assertion (A) : Blue colour of sky appears due to scattering of blue colour.
Reason (R) : Blue light has longer wavelength.
Answer(c)

Assertion and Reason Questions for Class 10

How Do Organisms Reproduce?
Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions
selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Q.1. Assertion(A) : Asexual reproduction is a primitive type of reproduction.
Reason (R) : Asexual reproduction involves only mitotic cell division.
Answer(a)
Q.2. Assertion(A) : Spores are unicellular bodies.
Reason (R) : The parent body simply breaks up into smaller pieces on maturation.
Answer(c)
Q.3. Assertion(A) : Clones are offspring of an organism formed by asexual reproduction.
Reason (R) : Clones have exact copies of DNA as their parent.
Answer(b)
Q.4. Assertion(A) : Colonies of yeast multiply in sugar solution.
Reason (R) : Sugar is made of sucrose which provides energy for sustaining all life activities.
Answer(a)
Q.5. Assertion(A): Pollen grains from the carpel stick to the stigma of stamen.
Reason (R) : The fertilised egg cells grow inside the ovules and become seeds.
Answer(d)
Q.6. Assertion(A) : The offspring produced by sexual reproduction is likely to adjust better in
environmental fluctuation.
Reason (R) : During the fusion of gametes there is mixing of genetic material from two parents.
Answer(a)
Q.7. Assertion(A) : Growth hormone stimulates the growth of different body parts.
Reason (R) : Gonadotropins stimulate the production of sex hormones.
Answer(b)
Q.8. Assertion(A): Testes lie in penis outside the body.
Reason (R) : Sperms require temperature lower than the body temperature for development
Answer(d)

Control and Coordination

Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions
selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Q.1. Assertion(A) : Insulin regulates blood sugar level.
Reason (R) : Insufficient secretion of insulin will cause diabetes.
Answer(a)
Q.2. Assertion(A) : Animals can react to stimuli in different ways.
Reason (R) : All animals have a nervous system and an endocrine system involving hormones.
Answer(a)
Q.3. Assertion(A): The effect of auxin hormone on the growth of root is exactly opposite to that on a stem.
Reason (R) : Auxin hormone increases the rate of growth in root and decreases the rate of growth in stem.
Answer(c)
Q.4. Assertion(A): A receptor is a specialized group of cells in a sense organ that perceive a particular type
of stimulus.
Reason (R) : Different sense organs have different receptors for detecting stimuli.
Answer(b)
Q.5. Assertion(A): Cyton region of nerve fibre collects information for the brain.
Reason (R): Nerve fibres can either have or lack myelin sheath.
Answer(d)
Q.6. Assertion(A): A nerve impulse is an electrochemical event.
Reason (R) : In a nerve impulse there are changes in the resting potential which spreads down the nerve
fibre.
Answer(a)
Q.7. Assertion(A) : The brain is also known as the central nervous system.
Reason (R) : Central nervous system controls and regulates the voluntary actions.
Answer(d)
Q.8. Assertion(A) : The spinal nerves are 31 in number.
Reason (R) : Spinal nerves only have sensory neurons in them
Answer(c)

Complete the paragraph with the help of words given in the bracket:
(Luteinizing hormone, endometrium of uterus, follicle stimulating hormone, estrogen,
progesterone, corpus luteum)

Growth of follicles present in the ovary occurs under the effect of ………….. This follicle
secretes estrogen. Ovarian follicle along with oocyte grows/regenerates under the effect of
estrogen. Under the effect of ………….., fully grown up follicle bursts, ovulation occurs and
…………….. is formed from remaining part of follicle. It secretes ……………. and ……….
Under the effect of these hormones, glands of ……….. are activated and it becomes ready
for implantation.

Answer:
Growth of follicles present in the ovary occurs under the effect of follicle stimulating
hormone. This follicle secretes estrogen. Ovarian follicle along with oocyte
grows/regenerates under the effect of estrogen. Under the effect of Luteinizing hormone,
fully grown up follicle bursts, ovulation occurs and corpus luteum is formed from remaining
part of follicle. It secretes estrogen and progesterone. Under the effect of these hormones,
glands of endometrium of uterus are activated and it becomes ready for implantation.

What is menstrual cycle? Describe it in brief.

 Menstrual cycle is the events of cyclic changes that takes place with the interval of 28 to 30 days in
mature woman.
 Hormones from pituitary, FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) and LH (Luteinizing Hormone) and
hormones from ovary, estrogen and progesterone control the menstrual cycle.
 Due to influence of FSH, the ovarian follicle grows along with the oocyte that is present in it.
 This growing follicle produces estrogen.
 Under the influence of estrogen, the uterine inner layer called endometrium grows or regenerates. In
the meantime the development of follicle is completed.
 LH from pituitary stimulates the bursting of ovarian follicle and releases the mature oocyte out of the
follicle and the ovarian wall. This process is called ovulation.
 The empty ovarian follicle after the ovulation becomes corpus luteum. Corpus luteum produces
hormone progesterone.
 Under the influence of progesterone, the glands from uterine endometrium start secreting. The
oocyte if fertilized is implanted over this endometrium.
 If oocyte is not fertilized, the corpus luteum becomes a degenerate body called corpus albicans. The
corpus albicans cannot secrete estrogen and progesterone.
 Due to lack of these hormones, the endometrial layer of the uterus collapses. The tissue debris, along
with unfertilized egg is given out through the vagina as menstrual flow. This results in bleeding for
about 5 days.
 If woman is not pregnant, then this menstrual cycle keeps on repeating with regularity.
Give the technical names for the following .
a. Hormones related with male reproductive system.
Answer:
Follicle stimulating hormone and ICSH or Luteinizing hormone secreted by pituitary gland, testosterone
secreted by testis.
b. Hormones secreted by ovary of female reproductive system.
Answer:
Estrogen and progesterone.
c. Types of twins.
Answer:
Monozygotic twins, Siamese twins and Dizygotic twins.
d. Any two sexual diseases.
Answer:
Gonorrhea and Syphilis.
e. Methods of family planning.
Answer:
Copper T, condoms, oral contraceptive pills.

Question 8.
Gender of child is determined by the male? partner of couple.
Explain with reasons whether this statement is true or false.
(OR)
“A couple shall have a male child or female child totally depends upon husband”. Prove truthfulness of this
statement with scientific reason.
Answer:

Sex determination in Human being

(1) The statement Gender of child is determined by the male partner of couple is true.
(2) It is clearly seen from the diagram that there are two types of sperms produced by
males. One sperm has a X chromosome while the other has a Y chromosome, apart
from autosomes. The mother on the other hand has all X bearing oocytes. Thus the
sperm that fertilizes the oocyte decides the sex of the child.
(3) If X bearing sperm fertilizes the oocyte, daughter is born and when Y bearing
sperm fertilizes the oocyte, son is born.
(4) Thus father or male partner is responsible for the determination of the sex.
CAN YOU RECALL??????
Question 1.
Which are the important life processes in living organisms?
Answer:
The important life processes in living organisms are respiration, circulation, nutrition, excretion, sensation
and response through nervous system.
Question 2.
Which life processes are essential for production of energy required by body?
Answer:
The oxidation of nutrients that are absorbed in body is done because of oxygen supplied to cells by
respiratory and circulatory system. This helps in liberation of energy. Thus respiration, circulation and
nutrition are the life processes that are essential for production of energy required by body.
Question 3.
Which are main types of cell division? What are the differences?
Answer:
The main types of cell division are mitosis and meiosis. In mitosis, the chromosome number remains the
same. 2 daughter cells are obtained from one cell. In meiosis, the chromosome number is reduced to half.
From one cell, four daughter cells are obtained.
Question 4.
What is the role of chromosomes in cell division?
Answer:
Due to chromosomes, the DNA from parental cells enter into daughter cells. The hereditary, characters are
transmitted to next generation by cell division.
Question 5.
What do we mean by maintenance of species?
Answer:
Maintenance of species means a species undertakes successful reproduction and produces individuals of its
own kind. This keeps the species existing on the earth.
Question 6.
Whether the new organism is genetically exactly similar to earlier one that has produced it?
Answer:
No. The new organism produced from the old one is not genetically exactly similar to the parents. In meiotic
cell division there is crossing over in the homologous chromosomes. This produces genetic recombination.
Thus the new organism is different from the earlier one. However, if the reproduction is of asexual type,
then the young one is exactly similar to the parents.
Question 7.
Who determines whether the two organisms of a species will be exactly similar or not?
Answer:
The type of reproduction, whether it is asexual or sexual, the type of crossing over, the extent of genetic
recombination, etc. determine the similarity among the parent organisms and their, offspring. Based on this
genetic recombination the two organisms of a species do not show exact similarity. However, in case of
monozygotic twins there is exact similarity. In asexual reproduction to there is similarity.
Question 8.
What is the relationship between the cell division and formation of new organism of same species by earlier
existing organism?
Answer:
In the process of reproduction, there is division of chromosomes. Due to cell division, the gametes are
formed. The union of gametes produce new offspring. In sexual reproduction, all these processes take place
due to cell division. In asexual reproduction too there is cell division. Growth of new organism also occurs
due to cell division.
Question 9.
What would have been happened if the male and female gametes had been diploid?
Answer:
Diploid (2n) gametes if united, they will form 4n, i.e. tetraploid variety. Such zygote will show severe
abnormality. The chromosome number will not be maintained.
Question 10.
What would have been happened if any of the cells in nature had not been divided by meiosis?
Answer:
If meiosis does not happen the gametes produced will be diploid. This will create abnormality.
Question 11
Which different hormones control the functions of human reproductive system through chemical
coordination?
Answer:
Pituitary gland secretes FSH and LH. LH is known as ICSH in males, as its function in the male body is
different. From the gonads of male and female, hormones are secreted which are essential for male and
female reproductive functions respectively. These hormones are testosterone secreted from testis in males
and estrogen and progesterone secreted from the ovaries in females. Testosterone is essential for masculinity
as well as for sperm production while female hormones are essential for changes in the female body leading
to motherhood.
Question 12
Which hormones are responsible for changes in human body occurring during onset of sexual maturity?
Answer:
Testosterone in male body and estrogen in female body are responsible for maturity onset changes in human
body.
Question 13
Why has the Government of India enacted the law to fix the minimum age of marriage as 18 in girls and 21
in boys?
Answer:
The full growth of female body is not completed till the age of 18. Till 18 years of age the physical and
emotional maturity is not attained. Therefore, she is not suitable for marriage, sexual relationship and
pregnancy. Similarly, boy attains complete growth only the age of 21. Therefore, to keep individuals and
their progeny safe and healthy the Government of India enacted the law to fix the minimum age of marriage
as 18 in girls and 21 in boys.
Question 14
Which hormone is released from pituitary of mother once the foetal development is completed?
Answer:
The hormone oxytocin is released from the posterior pituitary of mother once the foetal development is
completed.
Question 15
Under the effect of that hormone, which organ of the female reproductive system starts to contract and
thereby birth process (parturition) is facilitated?
Answer:
Due to oxytocin, uterus contracts involuntarily and the baby is expelled out. Thus initiation of birth process
is possible due to contractions of uterus.
Question 16
Does the parent cells exist after asexual reproduction-fission?
Answer:
In fission, the parent cell divides into two. This nucleus and cytoplasm, both are divided. Thus, parent cell
does not exist any longer, it is converted into new cells.

Choose the correct alternative and write that alphabet against the sub-question number:
Question 1.
Pranav and Pritee are twins in your class. They belong to ……….. twins type.
(a) monozygotic
(b) dizyotic
(c) siamese
(d) none of the above
Answer:
(b) dizyotic
Question 2.
Pregnant mother supplies nourishment to her foetus through …………..
(a) breasts
(b) uterus
(c) placenta
(d) ovaries
Answer:
(c) placenta
Question 3.
The length of a sperm is about …………. micrometers.
(a) 400
(b) 5
(c) 60
(d) 600 (July ’19)
Answer:
(c) 60

Write whether the following statements are true or false, with the suitable reason:
Question 1.
Absence of genetic recombination is an advantage whereas fast process is drawback of asexual reproductive
method.
Answer:
False. (Absence of genetic recombination is a drawback whereas fast process is advantage of asexual
reproductive method.)
Question 2.
Prokaryotes show fission which occurs either by mitosis or amitosis.
Answer:
True. (Prokaryotes show fission by both the methods, i.e. mitosis and amitosis.)
Question 3.
There is glucose sugar in the semen.
Answer:
False. (There is fructose sugar in the semen. Glucose is not present in semen.)
Question 4.
Out of 2 – 4 million ova, approximately only 400 oocytes are released up to the age of menopause.
Answer:
True. (During the reproductive span of the woman, from menarche to menopause only one oocyte per one
month is released in the span of 30 to 35 years.)
Question 5.
If the oocyte is fertilized, secretion of estrogen and progesterone stops completely.
Answer:
False. (If the oocyte is not fertilized, there is no need of corpus luteum which secretes progesterone. In
absence of conception, the progesterone is not needed, thus corpus luteum degenerates and forms corpus
albicans
Question 6.
During menstruation there is need of rest along with special personal hygiene.
Answer:
True. (During phase of menstruation there is pain and bleeding in woman. Her body is also susceptible for
infections. There is weakness and hence she needs rest along with special personal hygiene.)
 Find the odd one out:
Question 1.
Circulation, Excretion, Sensation, Reproduction.
Answer:
Reproduction. (All others are processes necessary for survival of the individual.)
Question 2.
Vas eferens, vas deferens, prostate gland, epididymis.
Answer:
Prostate gland. (All others are duct systems in male reproductive system.)
Question 3.
Prostate gland, Bartholin’s gland, Cowper’s gland, Epididymis.
Answer:
Bartholin’s glands. (All others are parts of male reproductive system.)

How to Score 100 in Biology Class 10 ICSE?

1. Thorough Understanding: Understanding the topics thoroughly means reading and comprehending the
concepts from the textbook. ...
2. Regular Revision: ...
3. Practice Papers: ...
4. Diagram Practice: ...
5. Organized Study: ...
6. Marking Important Lines: ...
7. Concept Clarity: ...

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