Dạng 3: Causes(reasons), Effects & Solutions(Measures)

MỞ BÀI (2 câu)
+ In recent years, (the) … has become an increasingly popular trend in many countries. There are a
number of reasons behind this tendency and I would argue that it has a serious/ negative/positive
impact on society. Discussed below are several causes as well as solutions of this issue.

+ In recent years, (the) … has become one of the most worrying problems in many countries.
There are a number of reasons for this trend, which is having a significant impact on .... This
essay intends to delve into the causes of this situation.( and suggest some ways to alleviate the
problem.

THÂN BÀI
*Trình bày lý do hoặc nguyên nhân
- Câu chủ đề
+ It can be noted that there are some vital reasons why … .The first and foremost cause of this is
due to the fact that……
+ Another reason is that….
+Furthermore/Moreover/ What is more,
*Trình bày hậu quả/ảnh hưởng (effects/ impacts/ influences)
+ The effects of this trend on society are potentially grave. Firstly, …
→ For example, … →As a result, Consequently,…

+ Secondly, … →Therefore, … → For instance, …

+ Finally...
→ Additionally,

*Trình bày giải pháp (solutions/measures)

+There are some solutions that should be taken into consideration. The first measure should be
implemented is that .........................

+ The second solution that can be carried out is that ...................

+ Another significant solution may be that…….

KẾT BÀI

+ In conclusion, the above-mentioned facts have outlined causes as well as solutions of ………… when people
evaluate the impacts of this issue. It is a controversial issue. People should apply the above solutions to prevent
this phenomenon from happening.

TOPICS

Causes(reasons), Effects & Solutions(Measures)

Topic 1: Nowadays, young people tend to change their jobs in offices in corporations to start up a
business. This is a trend of young people, especially in big cities of Vietnam. What are the reasons?

Topic 2: Children obesity has become one of the most serious problems in many countries. In 2012,
nearly one out of five US kids was obese. Childhood obesity has both immediate and long term effects
on children health and society. There are a number of reasons causing this problem and each problem
should have a solution. Discuss the causes and solutions.
Topic 3:

Nowadays more and more people decide to have children later in their life. This tendency can be seen
frequently, especially in many developed countries. New data shows that the number of American
women having kids after 35 is continuing to grow. There are some reasons leading to this trend and it
certainly will have great impacts on family life and society. Discuss the reasons, effects and solutions.

Maternity leave

Paternity leave

Topic 4: Human population is growing at a rate of approximately 78 million people per year. Over 7
billion people living on the planet today is estimated to reach between 8 billion by 2050 and up to 15
billion by 2100. According to Steven Jones, head of the biology department at University London,
humans are 100,000 times more than we should be. For this reason, the human population is among the
most pressing environmental issues nowadays. Discuss the effects of human overpopulation.

Natural resources (land, water, forest, fossil fuel)

Waste (mass production)-water pollution, air pollution, global warming-natural disasters
Topic 5: Air pollution is harmful to humans, plants and animals. In most areas, air pollutants are
principally from motor vehicles traffic or the products of power generation. Pollutants from these
sources may not only prove a problem in the mediate vicinity of these sources but can travel long
distances. Discuss the impacts of air pollution and suggest some measures to reduce bad effects.
( alleviate/ mitigate)
Topic 6
In the past it was much more common for people to have a single, simple career path, sometimes even
with just one employer. However, recent years have witnessed a widen spread increase in the change of
jobs of youngsters. Many young jobseekers nowadays are ready to change their jobs for a number of
reasons.
Discuss the reasons young people change their jobs and whether this trend is a positive or negative
development?

Models

Topic 1
Nowadays, young people tend to change their jobs as officers in corporations to start up a business.
This is a trend of young people, especially in big cities of Vietnam. What are the reasons?

Answer

In recent years, career changing trends from working in companies to starting a business have become
an increasingly popular trend and this seems to be an increasingly common trend in big cities of
Vietnam. There are a number of reasons to explain this trend.

The first reason is due to the fact that they have countless opportunities with startups especially in
developing cities where companies can invest in them. As a result, they can achieve a high standard of
living to meet their family's needs. Not only that, but also gain new skills while working on different
startup projects.

Secondly, they feel bored with the work of office workers, meaning that the working environment at the
office does not match their personality. Someone who likes to be a freelancer and is passionate about
business; therefore, they cannot tie them to a company where they have to work 8 hours with
unattractive work.

The final reason is the vibrant working environment. In an office work environment, employees have
to wear uniforms, repeat familiar tasks and be under a lot of pressure from managers. However, when
approaching the spirit of entrepreneurship, they are free to dress, create, and make mistakes without
being scolded by their superiors.

In summary, the reasons mentioned above. it can be clearly seen that the trend of entrepreneurship is
becoming more and more prevalent.

Topic 2
Children become more overweight. Some argue that school should spend more time on physical
education to solve this ? Discuss the reasons and give some possible solutions.
Answer

In recent years , obesity/ being overweight has become an increasingly popular trend among
children. There are a number of reasons for this trend, which has a significant impact on
children’s health. In this essay, I am going to discuss a few of the reasons behind this phenomenon,
and what we can do to address it.

It can be noted that there are some important reasons why children become obese. Firstly ,in
big cities fast food and junk food such as hamburgers, chips, meat balls, fish balls and soft drinks, milk
tea are always available on T.V commercials, in supermarkets, at street food stalls ,so teenagers are
tempted to consume them everyday. As a result , children tend to be obese.
Secondly, it is due to the fact that most young children spend hours playing games on smartphones,
or watching films on televisions, and many of them become addicted to online games and eating
snacks or fast food while watching television, so they lack regular physical exercise or outdoor
activities on a daily basic, which contributes to the increasingly obese problem.

There are some solutions that should be taken into consideration. Firstly, parents should build
a healthy diet and give their children healthy food containing lots of fibre and vitamins. Parents should
control what children eat every meal. Parents should ensure that their children have healthy and
balanced diet, and advise them not to eat too much meat, fatty foods, junk food and fast food.
Secondly, schools should have more after-school activities related to sport or physical activities such as
swimming, football, volleyball clubs or extra-curricular activities for students to participate in and
improve their health.
Additionally, schools should regularly organize sports competitions among students so that they
get involved in them and stay away from of the habit of playing online games or watching too much
television.

In conclusion , there are some reasons causing obesity in children, which have negative impacts on
their health. Parents and schools should apply the above solutions to prevent this phenomenon from
happening.

Topic 3

Nowadays more and more people decide to have children later in their life. This tendency can
be seen frequently, especially in many developed countries. New data shows that the number of
American women having kids after 35 is continuing to grow. There are some reasons leading to
this trend and it certainly will have great impacts on family life and society. Discuss the reasons
and impacts in family life and society ( reasons, effects and solutions)

In recent years, the increase in childbearing age has become a popular trend in many countries. There
are a number of reasons behind this tendency and I would argue that it has a serious impact on
society. In this essay, I am going to discuss a few of the reasons behind this phenomenon.

To begin with, there are several reasons why more and more people decide to have children later in
their life. The first reason is due to the fact that women are increasingly interested in careers. They
want a stable job before having a baby. Instead of doing housework, they can do the same job as men.
The second reason is the financial pressure. The cost of living increases over time. If household
income is not enough, having a new family’s member will lead to a hard situation. Furthermore, if
both wife and husband are too busy with their work, they will not want to have childrens soon.

The effects of this trend on society are potentially serious. Firstly, if this trend continues, the
aging population will appear. In this situation, the young generation will face financial problems and
they can not take care of their parents. Secondly, the more childbearing age of women increases, the
more risky the newborn’s health may get. For illustration, if a woman has kids after 35, the kids will
probably get Down syndrome and the mother easily takes the risk of death while giving birth.

In order to deal with this problem, a number of ways can be applied. The first solution is financial
support. The government should encourage newly married couples to have children by rewarding
giving money to them in order to relieve the burden of childcare. The second solution that should
be implemented is allowing husbands to take paternity leave. If they can take paternity leave, they
will take better care of their wife and their child.

In conclusion, the increase in childbearing age is caused by several factors and this trend might bring
about serious impacts in family life and society. The governments should apply the above solutions to
prevent this phenomenon from continuing.

Topic 6

In the past it was much more common for people to have a single, simple career path,
sometimes even with just one employer. However, recent years have witnessed a widen spread
increase in the change of jobs of youngsters. Many young jobseekers nowadays are ready to
change their jobs for a number of reasons.
Discuss the reasons young people change their jobs and whether this trend is a positive or negative
development?

In recent years, constantly changing jobs the young generation has become an increasingly popular
trend in many countries. There are a number of reasons behind this tendency and I would argue that it
has both positive and negative impact on workers. This essay intends to delve into the cause of this
situation.

There are two main reasons why people are ready to change their job, especially young people.
First and foremost, young people are still seeking their passions. Because most high schools provide
inadequate career guidance for students, so they find it difficult to pursue their right career path. If
they are dissatisfied with a given work, young people will find another job that better suits them.
Secondly, people want to be equipped with a distinct skill set. As different jobs utilize different
knowledge bases, it is advantageous for them to have a variety of professional skills. Therefore, in the
future, when a new job is offered to them, young people will be better prepared for this job.

On the other hand, changing job frequently is considered as a negative development would arise.
Whatever the jobs you are doing, it takes time to establish the kind of meaningful professional
relationship we need to find new job satisfaction. Moreover, it is clear that this phenomenon has a
negative effect on employees as companies are reluctant to hire for uncertainty. Employers often hold
a prejudice against those who frequently alternate employment because they think that person will not
be able to contribute to their company in the long-run term. For example, a report by Forbes in 2011,
70% of American employers will deny “job hopper” as they want their workers to devote themselves
to a company in the long run.

In conclusion, frequently changing jobs in most young people is caused by several factors and this
problem might bring about pros as well as cons influencing on employees. However, I believe that
this trend is a negative development so attempts should be made to maximize the benefits and
minimize the drawbacks.