Group 4- PERFORM AN ETHANOL EMULSION TEST FOR FATS AND OILS

The Ethanol emulsion Test is a food test which determines the presence of a
broad group of naturally occurring compounds known as LIPIDS. A cloudy-white
emulsion is a positive result: lipid is present. If the mixture remains clear, there
are no fats present in the sample.
Materials:
 Test tubeS
 Test tube rack
 Ethanol
 Peanut butter, adobo sauce, and vinegar
Procedure:
1. Add the ethanol to the food sample and shake it well.
2. Allow to settle in a test tube rack for 2 minutes for food to dissolve in
ethanol.
3. Empty any clear liquid into a test tube containing 2 cm3 of distilled H2O.
4. Write your observation in table below.
Observation and Interpretation:
 If the solution remains colorless, no emulsion is formed.
 A layer of cloudy white suspension forms at the top of the solution. This is
an emulsion.
 Foods with high lipid content have a higher layer than foods with less.

Results:

Food Samples Colorless (✔) Layer of Cloudy Interpretation

White (Lipid is present/
Suspension (✔) Lipid is not
present)
Peanut butter
Adobo sauce
Vinegar

Guide Questions:
1. What are the food samples that contain lipids?
2. What will form after lipids have been dissolved in ethanol and then added
to water?
3. What is the role of the ethanol in the test?
4. Among the food samples which have a higher layer of emulsion?
Group 1- PERFORM AN IODINE- STARCH TEST

Introduction:
The Iodine-Starch test is a chemical reaction that is used to test for the
presence of starch. The combination of starch and iodine produces an intensely
blue-black color. Food samples that are high in amylose develop a sharper blue-
black color, if no color change is observed, or the reagent remains yellow-brown,
starch is absent.
Materials:
 ½ Teaspoon of sugar, juice, cracker, bread and banana.
 Lugol’s iodine solution (Potassium-iodide solution)
 Dropper
 Test tubes
Procedure:
1. Add a drop of Lugol’s Iodine solution on each food sample.
2. Note that Lugol’s Iodine solution or tincture of iodine changes from yellow-
brown to blue-black in the presence of starch.
3. Write your observation in table below.

Observation and Interpretation:

Color Blue- Blue Green Yellow Orange/

black Green Red
Color 0 + ++ +++ ++++
Interpretatio None Trace Little Moderate Much Sugar
n Sugar Sugar

Results:

Food Samples Color Code Interpretation

Sugar
Juice
Cracker
Bread
Banana

Questions:
1. What are the foods that contain starch, based on the food samples that
you have tested?
2. Which has the highest amount of sugar among food sample that was
involved in the experiment?
3. Which food among the sample does not contain sugar and starch?
4. How do you know if starch is present among the samples?
Group 2- PERFORM AN ETHANOL EMULSION TEST FOR FATS AND OILS
The Ethanol emulsion Test is a food test which determines the presence of a
broad group of naturally occurring compounds known as LIPIDS. A cloudy-white
emulsion is a positive result: lipid is present. If the mixture remains clear, there
are no fats present in the sample.
Materials:
 Test tube
 Test tube rack
 Ethanol
 Water, palm oil, juice and coffee
Procedure:
5. Add the ethanol to the food sample and shake it well.
6. Allow to settle in a test tube rack for 2 minutes for food to dissolve in
ethanol.
7. Empty any clear liquid into a test tube containing 2 cm3 of distilled H2O.
8. Write your observation in table below.
Observation and Interpretation:
 If the solution remains colorless, no emulsion is formed.
 A layer of cloudy white suspension forms at the top of the solution. This is
an emulsion.
 Foods with high lipid content have a higher layer than foods with less.

Results:

Food Samples Colorless (✔) Layer of Cloudy Interpretation

White (Lipid is present/
Suspension (✔) Lipid is not
present)
Palm oil
Juice
coffee

Guide Questions:
5. What are the food samples that contain lipids?
6. What will form after lipids have been dissolved in ethanol and then added
to water?
7. What is the role of the ethanol in the test?
8. Among the food samples which have a higher layer of emulsion?
Group 3- PERFORM AN IODINE- STARCH TEST

Introduction:
The Iodine-Starch test is a chemical reaction that is used to test for the
presence of starch. The combination of starch and iodine produces an intensely
blue-black color. Food samples that are high in amylose develop a sharper blue-
black color, if no color change is observed, or the reagent remains yellow-brown,
starch is absent.
Materials:
 Coffee, mayonnaise, cornstarch, rice and chocolate
 Lugol’s iodine solution
 Dropper
 Test tubes
Procedure:
1. Add 3 drops of Lugol’s Iodine solution on each food sample.
2. Note that Lugol’s Iodine solution or tincture of iodine changes from yellow
brown to blue or black in the presence of starch.
3. Write your observation in table below.

Observation and Interpretation:

Color Blue- Blue Green Yellow Orange/

black Green Red
Color 0 + ++ +++ ++++
Interpretatio None Trace Little Moderate Much Sugar
n Sugar Sugar

Results:

Food Samples Color Code Interpretation

coffee
mayonnaise
cornstarch
Rice
chocolate

Questions:
1. What are the foods that contain starch, based on the food samples that
you have tested?
2. Which has the highest amount of sugar among food sample that was
involved in the experiment?
3. Which food among the sample does not contain sugar and starch?
4. How do you know if starch is present among the samples?
Food Colorless Layer of Interpretation
Samples (✔) Cloudy (Lipid is present/
White Lipid is not
Suspensio present)
n (✔)
Oil ✔ Lipid is present.
Peanut ✔ Lipid is present
butter
Juice ✔ ✔ Lipid is not
present
Bread You may not Bread is Lipid is not
observe a primarily present or
visible layer composed present in very
of cloudy of low quantities
white carbohydrat
suspension es with only
a small
amount of
fat. As a
result, you
may not
observe a
visible layer
of cloudy
white
suspension
Mayonnaise ✔ Lipid is present
Food Colorless Layer of Interpretation
Samples (✔) Cloudy (Lipid is present/
White Lipid is not
Suspensio present)
n (✔)
Oil ✔ Lipid is present.
Juice ✔ ✔ Lipid is not
present
coffee ✔ Lipid is present

Food Colorless Layer of Interpretation

Samples (✔) Cloudy (Lipid is present/
White Lipid is not
Suspensio present)
n (✔)
Peanut ✔ Lipid is present.
butter
Adobo ✔ Lipid is present
sauce
vinegar ✔ Lipid is not
present