Scribd
Upload
3 views

REVIEWER FOR ED 1

The document outlines the nature and principles of human development, detailing processes such as growth, maturation, and the impact of heredity and environment. It discusses the stages of development from prenatal to old age, emphasizing the importance of biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes. Additionally, it introduces key issues in development, including the nature versus nurture debate, and highlights the significance of developmental tasks throughout the lifespan.

Uploaded by

cunananprinceaeron
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views

REVIEWER FOR ED 1

The document outlines the nature and principles of human development, detailing processes such as growth, maturation, and the impact of heredity and environment. It discusses the stages of development from prenatal to old age, emphasizing the importance of biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes. Additionally, it introduces key issues in development, including the nature versus nurture debate, and highlights the significance of developmental tasks throughout the lifespan.

Uploaded by

cunananprinceaeron
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Module 1: Nature and Principles of Development

The Processes and Periods in Development


GROWTH - is the measurable physical increase in size or structure
from conception to maturity, indicated by height, weight, bone size,
and dentition.
The growth rate is rapid during:
a. Prenatal
b. Neonatal
c. Infancy
d. Adolescence
- Slows during childhood
- Minimal during adulthood
Aging in a biological sense, is the deterioration of organisms
(including human beings) that leads inevitably to death.

Development - is the increasing complexity of skills and functions,


reflecting a person's ability to adapt to their environment and the
behavioral aspect of growth.

Maturation - is the genetic development of an individual based on


inherited traits from parents, such as physical attributes.

Heredity - the process of transmitting biological traits


from parents to offspring through genes, the basic
units of heredity

Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) - wherein the child acquires new


skills and information with the help or assistance of an adult.

Environment - refers to all the external physical and social conditions


and events that can affect us, from crowded living quarters to
stimulating social interactions.

Learning is the process through which experience brings


about relatively permanent changes in thoughts, feelings,
or behavior.

Developmental Processes
Biological processes: involve physical changes influenced by
genetics, including brain development, height increases, motor
skills, and puberty.

Cognitive Process: involves changes in the individual's thought,


intelligence, and language.

Socioemotional Process: includes changes in the individual's


relationships with other people, changes in emotions, and changes
in personality.

Life Span Perspectives


- Developmental change throughout adulthood as well as during childhood.
- Human life span currently regarded as 122 years.
Currently 79
year's in the
United States
Characteristics of Development according to the life span
perspectives:
- Development occurs across one’s entire life, or is lifelong.
- Development is multidimensional.
- Development is plastic.
- Development is multidirectional.
- Development is influenced by contextual and socio-cultural
influences.
- Development is multidisciplinary.

Basic Issues in Human Development


1. Assumption About Human Nature

THREE ISSUES INDEVELOPMENT


Each of us has his/her own way of looking at our own and other people’s
development. These paradigms of human development , provide us with a
conceptual framework for understanding ourselves.

Nature versus Nurture - The degree to which human behavior is determined by


genetics/biology (nature) or learned through interacting with the environment
(nurture).

Continuity versus Discontinuity - two competing theories in developmental


psychology that attempt to explain how people change through the course of their
lives, where the continuity theory says that someone changes throughout their
life along smooth course while discontinuity theory instead contends that people
change abruptly
Stability versus Change - Stability implies personality traits present during infancy
endure throughout the lifespan.
Module 2: The Beginning of Life
Life begins from Parental Development and the Birth of the Baby

Parental Development
- Germinal Stage (Week 1) - begins at conception when a sperm and egg join
in your fallopian tube..
- Embryonic Stage (Weeks 3-8) - begins once the zygote is implanted in the
uterine wall until implantation.
- Fetal stage (9th week)- This is when the embryo officially turns into a fetus.

Genetic Foundations of Child Development

- When children are born they come with their own genetic instructions that
influence their own special characteristics at birth throughout the years that
they grow.
- Children inherit genes as we all know but most of their genes are shared
with other children which can give them a common heritage while other
genes contribute to the way they look and act apart from the rest of the
children.

Prenatal Development
- Process that occurs in humans between the time an embryo forms, the
fetus develop and birth.

3 Stages of Prenatal development


Pre-Embryonic stage: Begins with fertilization. (1-2 weeks)
Embryonic Period: Involves the development of the embryo. (3-8 weeks)
Fetal Period: Continues until birth, during which tissues differentiates into special
organs and structures. (9-40 weeks)
FERTILIZATION – CLEAVAGE – BLASTOCYST FORMATION – IMPLANTATION

Factors Affecting Prenatal Development


1. Maternal Nutrition 8. Cigarettes and Tobacco
2. Maternal Health 9. X-ray
3. Drugs 10. Maternal Emotions
4. Insecticides and herbicides 11. Uterine Crowding
5. Heavy Metal 12. Heavy Sedation
6. Caffeine 13. Rh Factor
7. Alcohol 14. Pollution

The Stages of Development


1. Prenatal Stage
2. Infancy
3. Early Childhood
4. Middle Childhood
5. Late Childhood
6. Adolescence
7. Early Adulthood
8. Mature Adulthood
9. Old age
Module 3: Stages in the lifespan
1. Prenatal Period 6. Preadolescent
-from conception to birth or puberty
2. Infancy -from ten or twelve or thirteen or
fourteen years
-from birth to the end of the
second week. 7. Adolescence
3. Babyhood -from thirteen or fourteen to
eighteen years
-from the end of the second week
to the end of the second year. 8. Early adulthood
-from two to six years. -from eighteen to thirty-five years
4. Early childhood 9. Middle Adulthood
5. Late childhood - 35 – 65 yr old
-from six to ten or twelve years. 10. Late adulthood
or Senescence (Old age)
-from sixty-five years to death

Significant Facts about Development


● Early foundation is critical.
● Development follows a definite and predictable pattern.
● All individuals are different.
● Each phase of development has characteristics of behavior
Types of Changes in Development
01
Change in size.
02
Change in proportion.
03
Disappearance of old features.
04
Acquisition of new features

Factors of Development
Maturation is the development or unfolding of traits potentially present in the
individual considering his hereditary endowment.
Learning is the result of activities or day-to-day experiences of the child himself.

Domains of Development
■Physical Development - The growth and skill of development in
the body, including the brain, muscles, and senses.
■Cognitive Development - The development of the ability to think
and reason.
■Psychosocial Development - Describes how a person's personality
develops, and how social skills are learned from infancy through
adulthood.
Developmental task
- The term developmental tasks are introduced by Robert Havighurst in the
1950s Havighurst's educational research did much to advance education in
the United States. Educational theory before Havighurst was
underdeveloped.
Havighurst recognized that each human has twee sources for developmental
tasks. Such as:
•Tasks that arise from physical maturation: Learning to walk, talk, control of
bowel and urine, behaving acceptably to the opposite sex, and adjusting to
menopause
•Tasks that arise from personal values: Choosing an occupation, and figuring out
one's philosophical outlook.
•Tasks that have their source in the pressures of society: Learning to read,
learning to be a responsible citizen.

Developmental task in the life span serves three useful purposes:


• They are guidelines to enable individuals to know what society expects of them.
• They motivate individuals to do that society expects.
• They show individuals what lies ahead an what will be expected of them later

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy