Ionic Equilibrium Part-04

Ionic Equilibrium DPP-01

1. No. of total ions and resultant total charge in Ba(NO3)2

(1) Five and +1
(2) Five and –1
(3) 0 and 0
(4) 3 and 0

𝟐
2. If [𝐇 + ] = × 10–4 then find pH?
𝟑
(1) 2.7
(2) 4.176
(3) 2
(4) 1

3. For which, dilution law is applicable?

(1) NaCl
(2) NaOH
(3) CH3COONa
(4) CH3COOH

4. Degree of ionisation of water at 25oC is:

(1) 1.8 × 10–9 %
(2) 1.8 × 10–7 %
(3) 1.8 × 10–3 %
(4) 1.8 × 10–12 %

5. What should be the number of H+ ions in 10 mL of distilled water, if the number of H + ions in 1 L is
6.023 × 1016
(1) 6.023 × 1024
(2) 6.023 × 1014
(3) 6.023 × 1013
(4) 6.023 × 1020

6. If pure water has pkw =13.36 at 50ºC, the pH of pure water will be–
(1) 6.68
(2) 7.0
(3) 7.13
(4) 6.0

 Digital [1]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-04

7. How many H+ ions are present in 1 ml of a solution whose pH is 13?

(1) 10–16
(2) 6.022 × 1013
(3) 6.022 × 107
(4) 6.022 × 1023

8. The pH of solutions A, B, C and D are 9.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 5.5 respectively. The most acidic solution is–
(1) D
(2) C
(3) A
(4) B

9. Which of the following is the weakest acid?

(1) Phenol (Ka = 1.3 × 10–10)
(2) Hydrocyanic acid (Ka = 4.9 × 10–10)
(3) Acetic acid (Ka = 1.8 × 10–5)
(4) Benzoic acid (Ka = 6.5 × 10–5)

10. Which of the following is the strongest base?

(1) C6H5NH2 (pKb = 9.42)
(2) C6H5NHCH3 (pKb = 9.15)
(3) C6H5N(CH3)2 (pKb = 8.94)
(4) C6H5NHC2H5 (pKb = 8.89)

11. Which of the following on ionization would give concentration of anion equal to 3C?
(1) AB
(2) AB2
(3) AB3
(4) A2B

12. A solution has pOH equal to 13 at 298 K. The solution will be:
(1) highly acidic
(2) highly basic
(3) moderately basic
(4) unpredictable

 Digital [2]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-04

Answer Key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Answer 4 2 4 2 2 1 3 4 1 4 3 1

SOLUTIONS DPP-01

1. Ba(NO3)2 → Ba+2 + 2NO3–

2 
2. pH = – log [H+] = – log   10−4 
3 
2
= –[log + log 10–4 ]= – [ log 2 – log 3 – 4]
3
= – [ 0.3010 – 0.4771 – 4] = 4.176

3. Dilution law is applicable for weak electrolyte

4. H2O  H+ + OH–

[H+] = C
10−7
= = 1.8 × 10–9
55.5
%  = 1.8 × 10–7%

6.023×1016 ×10
5. Number of H+ ions in 10 mL distilled water = = 6.023 × 1014
1000

pk w 13.36
6. pH = = = 6.68
2 2

7. pH = 13
– log [H+] = 13
[H+] = 10–13 mol/L
1000mL solution contains 10–13 × 6.023 × 1023 H+ ions
1mL solution contains 6.023 × 107 H+ ions

1
8. Acidic strength ∝
pH
pH of B = 2.5 (most acidic solution)

9. Lower the value of Ka, weaker the acid

phenol [K a = 1.3 × 10−10 ]

1
10. Basic strength ∝
pk b
For C6 H5 NHC2 H5 (pK b = 8.89)

 Digital [3]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-04

11. AB3 A+3 + 3B–

C 0 0
C– C 3C

12. pOH = 13
or pH =1
1
Acidic strength ∝
pH
For pH = 1, highly acidic solution.

 Digital [4]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-05

Ionic Equilibrium DPP-02

1. Review the equilibrium and choose the correct statement 𝐇𝐂𝐥𝐎𝟒 + 𝐇𝟐 𝐎 ⇌ 𝐇𝟑 𝐎+ + 𝐂𝐥𝐎−
𝟒
(1) HClO4 is the conjugate acid of H2O
(2) H3O+ is the conjugate base of H2O
(3) H2O is the conjugate acid of H3O+
(4) ClO−
4 is the conjugate base of HClO4

2. The conjugate base of 𝐍𝐇𝟐 − is

(1) NH3
(2) NH2–
(3) NH4+
(4) N3–

3. In the equilibrium
𝐂𝐇𝟑 𝐂𝐎𝐎𝐇 + 𝐇𝐅 ⇌ 𝐂𝐇𝟑 𝐂𝐎𝐎𝐇𝟐 + + 𝐅 −
(1) F– is the conjugate acid of CH3COOH
(2) F– is the conjugate base of HF
(3) CH3COOH is the conjugate acid of CH 3COOH2+
(4) CH3COOH2+ is the conjugate base of CH3COOH

4. The conjugate acid of 𝐇𝐏𝐎𝟐−

𝟑 is
(1) H3PO4
(2) H3PO3
(3) H2 PO−
3
(4) PO3−
4

5. The conjugate acid of O–2 ion is:

(1) O2+
(2) H+
(3) H3O+
(4) OH–

+
6. The conjugate base of (CH3)2 𝐍𝐇𝟐 is:
(1) CH3NH2
(2) (CH3)2N+
(3) (CH3)2N
(4) (CH3)2NH

 Digital [1]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-05

7. The Ka for a weak acid HX is 10–6, then the ionisation constant of X– will be:
(1) 10–6
(2) 10–8
(3) 10–14
(4) 10–4

 Digital [2]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-05

Answer Key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Answer 4 2 2 3 4 4 2

SOLUTIONS DPP-02

1. HClO4 + H2 O  H3 O+ + ClO−
4

2. NH2−  NH −2 + H +

3. CH3 COOH + HF  CH3 COOH2+ + F − . HF gives H+ to CH3COOH. So F– is a conjugate base of HF.

−
4. H2 PO3−  H + + HPO23
Conjugate acid

5.

6.

Kw
7. Kb =
Ka
10−14
= = 10–8
10−6

 Digital [3]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-06

Ionic Equilibrium DPP-03

1. Find out the value of  of 10–2 M NH4OH solution if [OH–] = 10–3.

(1) 0.1%
(2) 10%
(3) 1%
(4) 5%

2. For 10–3 M CH3COOH solution if Ka = 10–5 then pH is:

(1) 12
(2) 14
(3) 4
(4) 1

3. For 10–3 M H3PO3 if  = 10% then find out the value of pH?
(1) 3.7
(2) 4.7
(3) 5
(4) 2

4. What would be [H+] of 0.006 M benzoic acid (Ka = 6 × 10–5)

(1) 0.6 × 10–4
(2) 6 × 10–4
(3) 6 × 10–3
(4) 3.6 × 10–4

5. Find out Ka for 10–2 M HCN acid, having pOH 10:

(1) Ka = 10–4
(2) Ka = 10–2
(3) Ka = 10–5
(4) Ka = 10–6

6. If Ka of HCN = 4 × 10–10, then the pH of 2.5 × 10–1 M HCN (aq) is:

(1) 4.2
(2) 4.7
(3) 0.47
(4) 5.0

 Digital [1]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-06

7. The pH of a 0.1 M formic acid, which is 0.1% dissociated is equal to 4. What will be the pH of another
weak monobasic acid (same concentration) which is 1% dissociated?
(1) 2
(2) 3
(3) 1
(4) 4

 Digital [2]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-06

Answer Key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Answer 2 3 1 2 4 4 2

SOLUTIONS DPP-03

1. [OH–] = C
10−3
10–3 = 10–2  or  = = 10–1 or  = 0.1
10−2
 % = 10%

2. [H+] = √K a × C
= √10−5 × 10−3 = √10−8
[H+] = 10–4
pH = –log (10–4) = 4

3. Normality = M × V.F. = 10–3 × 2 = 2 × 10–3

[H+] = C = 2 × 10–3 × 0.1 = 2 × 10–4
pH = – log [H+] = – log (2 × 10–4) = – log 2 – log 10–4 = – 0.3010 + 4 = 3.7

4. [H + ] = √K a × C
= √6 × 10−5 × 6 × 10−3
= 6 × 10–4

5. pOH = 10
pH = 14 – pOH
pH = 14 − 10

 pH = 4
 [H+] = 10–4
[H + ] = √K a × C
[H + ]2
K a =
C
[10−4 ]2
Ka =
10−2
K a = 10−6

1 1
6. pH = − logK a − log C
2 2
1 1
=− log(4 × 10−10 ) − log(2 5 × 10−2 )
2 2
1 1
= (− log 4 + 10 log 1 0) + (− log 25 + 2 log 10)
2 2
1 1
= (−0.6 + 10) + (−1.4 + 2)
2 2
= +4.7 + 0.3
=5

 Digital [3]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-06

7. [H + ] = C
= 10−1 × 10−2
∵ [H + ] = 10−3
∴ pH = 3

 Digital [4]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-09

Ionic Equilibrium DPP-04

1. If 100 mL of pH = 3 and 400 mL of pH = 3 is mixed, what will be the pH of the mixture

(1) 3.2
(2) 3.0
(3) 3.5
(4) 2.8

2. The pH of solution is increased from 3 to 6. Its H + ion concentration will be:

(1) Reduced to half
(2) Doubled
(3) Reduced by 1000 times
(4) Increased by 1000 times

3. The pH of the solution produced when an aqueous solution of strong acid pH 5 is mixed with equal
volume of an aqueous solution of strong acid of pH 3 is:
(1) 3.3
(2) 3.5
(3) 4.5
(4) 4.0

4. An aqueous solution of HCl is 10–9 M HCl. The pH of the solution should be:
(1) 9
(2) Between 6 and 7
(3) 7
(4) Unpredictable

5. 0.001 N KOH solution has the pH:

(1) 10–1
(2) 3
(3) 11
(4) 2

6. The pH of the solution containing 10 mL of a 0.1M NaOH and 10 mL of 0.05M H 2SO4 would be
(1) Zero
(2) 1
(3) >7
(4) 7

 Digital [1]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-09

7. The pH of a 10–10 M NaOH solution is nearest to:

(1) 10
(2) 7
(3) 4
(4) –10

8. The pH of a 0.02 M ammonia solution which is 5% ionised will be:

(1) 2
(2) 11
(3) 5
(4) 7

9. 8 g NaOH and 4.9 g H2SO4 are present in one litre of the solution. What is its pH?
(1) 1
(2) 13
(3) 12
(4) 2

10. What is the quantity of NaOH present in 250 cc of the solution, so that it gives a pH = 13?
(1) 10–13 g
(2) 10–1 g
(3) 1.0 g
(4) 4.0 g

 Digital [2]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-09

Answer Key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Answer 2 3 1 2 3 4 2 2 2 3

SOLUTIONS DPP-04

1. N1 = [H + ] = 10− pH = 10−3 , V1 = 100mL

N2 = 10−3 , V2 = 400mL
N1 V1 + N2 V2
N3 =
V1 + V2
10−3 × 100 + 10−3 × 400
N3 =
500
[H + ] = N3 = 10−3
 pH = − logH + = − log 1 0−3
pH = 3

2. pH1 = 3, [H + ]1 = 10−3
pH2 = 6, [H + ]2 = 10−6
H+ ion concentration reduced 1000 times

N1 V1 +N2 V2
3. N3 =
V1 +V2
−5
10 + 10−3
N3 =
2
10−3
=
2
[H+] = N3 = 5 × 10–4
pH = – log [H+]
=4 – log 5
= 4 – 0.7
pH = 3.3

4. [H+] = 10–9 (From HCl) + 10–7 (From H2O)

 10–7 (10–2 + 1)

[H+] = 1.001 × 10–7

pH = –log [H+] = 7 – log 1.001 = 7 – 0.0004
pH  6.9

Between 6 to 7
5. [OH–] = 10–3
pOH = 3
pH = 14 – pOH
= 14 – 3
= 11

6. milli equivalent of H+ ion = N × V

= M × v.f × V

 Digital [3]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-09

= 0.05 × 2 × 10 = 1
milli equivalent of OH–= 0.1 × 10 = 1
milli equivalent of H+ = milli equivalent of OH–
 pH = 7

7. [OH–] = 10–10 from NaOH, [OH–] 10–7 from water.

 [OH–] = 10–7 + 10–10
= 10–7 (1 + 0.001)
= 1.001 × 10–7
pOH = 7 – log 1.001 = 7 – 0.0004
pOH  6.9
 pH = 7.1
Nearest to 7

8. [OH–] = C
= 0.02 × 5 × 10–2
[OH–] = 10–3
pOH = 3
pH = 14 – pOH = 14 – 3 = 11

8 1
9. nOH− = =
40 5
4.9 1
nH+ = ×2=
98 10
1 1
nOH− = −
5 10
nOH− = 0.1
0.1
[OH − ] = = 0.1
1
pOH = 1
pH = 13

10. pH = 13
pOH = 1
[OH–] = 10–1
mass 1
( ) × = 10−1
Mw V2
mass 1000
× = 10−1
40 250
mass = 1 g

 Digital [4]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-11

Ionic Equilibrium DPP-05

1. When sodium acetate (CH3COONa) is added to aqueous solution of acetic acid (CH 3COOH), the:
(1) pH value becomes zero
(2) pH value remains unchanged
(3) pH value decreases
(4) pH value increases

2. Which of the following salts does not undergo hydrolysis?

(1) KCN
(2) KCl
(3) NH4NO3
(4) FeCl3.6H2O

3. Which of the following salts undergoes anionic hydrolysis?

(1) AlCl3
(2) CuSO4
(3) Na2CO3
(4) NH4Cl

4. For cationic hydrolysis, pH is given by–

1 1 1
(1) pH = pK w + pK a + logC
2 2 2
1 1 1
(2) pH = pK w – pK b – logC
2 2 2
1 1 1
(3) pH = pK w + pK a – pK b
2 2 2
1 1 1
(4) pH = pK w + pK b + logC
2 2 2

5. Aqueous solution of which of the following salts is neutral?

(1) KCl
(2) NH4NO3
(3) NH4CN
(4) NH4OH

 Digital [1]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-11

Answer Key
Question 1 2 3 4 5
Answer 4 2 3 2 1

SOLUTIONS DPP-05

1. pH value increase due to common ion effect.

2. KCl is salt of strong base & strong acid so it does not undergo hydrolysis.

3. Na2CO3 (SB + WA) undergoes anionic hydrolysis

4. For cationic hydrolysis

1 1 1
pH = pK w − pK b − log c
2 2 2

5. Aqueous solution of KCl is neutral

 Digital [2]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-13

Ionic Equilibrium DPP-06

1. What is the pH of 1 M NaCN solution? Ka of HCN = 5 × 10–10, Kw =10–14 mol2 L–2

(1) 2.4
(2) 3.6
(3) 4.8
(4) 11.65

2. Calculate the degree of hydrolysis of a mixture containing 0.2N HA and 0.3N BOH
If Ka = 10–5 and Kb = 10–5
(1) 10–2
(2) 10–3
(3) 10–4
(4) 10–5

3. If pKb for CN– at 25ºC is 4.7. The pH of 0.5M aqueous NaCN solution is:
(1) 12
(2) 10
(3) 11.5
(4) 11

4. A weak acid reacts with strong base, ionisation constant of weak acid is 10 –4. Find out equilibrium
constant for this reaction :-
(1) 10–10
(2) 1010
(3) 10–9
(4) 109

𝐍
5. Degree of Hydrolysis of solution of KCN is (Given Ka = 1.4 × 10–9)
𝟏𝟎𝟎
(1) 2.7 × 10–3
(2) 2.7 × 10–2
(3) 2.7 × 10–4
(4) 2.7 × 10–5

 Digital [1]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-13

Answer Key
Question 1 2 3 4 5
Answer 4 1 3 2 2

SOLUTIONS DPP-06

1 1
1. pH = 7 + pKa + log C
2 2
1 1
pH = 7 + (10 – log 5) + log 1
2 2
1
pH = 7 + (9.3) = 11.65
2

2. Salt is [WA – WB]

KW 10−14
h=√ =√ = √10−14 × 10+10 = √10−4 = 10–2
Ka ×Kb 10−5 ×10−5

3. CN– is a conjugate base of HCN so for conjugate acid-base pair

pKa + pKb = 14
pKa of HCN = 14 – pKb = 14 – 4.7 = 9.3
NaCN is a WASB type of salt
1 1
So, pH = 7 + pK a + log C
2 2
1 1
pH = 7 + (9.3) + log 0.5
2 2
= 11.5

4. Ka = 10–4
K w 10−14
Kh = = = 10−10
Ka 10−4
For HA + BOH  AB + H2O
1 1
K= = = 1010
K h 10−10

Kw 10−14 10−3
5. h= = =
Ka  C  1  1.4
1.4  10−9  
 100 

 Digital [2]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-15

Ionic Equilibrium DPP-07

1. A buffer solution is one which has–

(1) reserved acid
(2) reserved base
(3) almost constant pH
(4) pH equal to 7

2. Which of the following salt solution will act as a buffer?

(1) CH3COONH4 (aq.)
(2) NH4Cl (aq.)
(3) CH3COONa (aq.)
(4) NaCl (aq.)

3. The pH of blood circulating in a human body is maintained around 7.4 by the action of the buffer system:
(1) CH3COOH/CH3COONa
(2) NH4Cl/NH3
(3) H2PO42–
(4) H2CO3/HCO3–

4. For preparing a buffer solution of pH 6 by mixing sodium acetate and acetic acid, the ratio of the
concentration of salt and acid should be (Ka = 10–5)
(1) 1 : 10
(2) 10 : 1
(3) 100 : 1
(4) 1 : 100

5. 1 M NaCl and 1 M HCl are present in an aqueous solution. The solution is

(1) Not a buffer solution with pH < 7
(2) Not a buffer solution with pH > 7
(3) A buffer solution with pH < 7
(4) A buffer solution with pH > 7

6. Components of buffer solution are 0.1M HCN (pka = 9.30) and 0.2 M NaCN. What is the pH of the solution
(1) 9.61
(2) 6.15
(3) 2.0
(4) 4.2

 Digital [1]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-15

7. pH of a solution of 10 ml, 1N sodium acetate and 50 ml, 2N acetic acid (Ka = 1.8 × 10–5), is approximately
(1) 4
(2) 5
(3) 6
(4) 7

 Digital [2]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-15

Answer Key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Answer 3 1 4 2 1 1 1

SOLUTIONS DPP-07

1. Almost constant pH

2. CH3COONH4 (WA + WB) simple buffer

3. H2CO3/HCO3–

4. Ka = 10–5; pH = 6
[Salt] [Salt]
pH = − logK a + log ; 6 = −log10−5 + log
[Acid] [Acid]
[Salt] [Salt]
6 = 5log10 + log ; 6 = 5 + log
[Acid] [Acid]
[Salt] [Salt] 10
log = 6 − 5 = 1; =
[Acid] [Acid] 1

5. It is a neutral solution and its pH < 7.

[Salt]
6. pH = pKa + log
[Acid]
0.2
= 9.30 + log [ ] = 9.30 + 0.3010 = 9.6.
0.1

[Salt]
7. pH = pKa + log
[Acid]
[10]
pH = –log (1.8 × 10–5) + log
[100]
= –log (1.8 + 5) + log 10 –1

= –0.2553 + 5 – 1 = 3.7447 or = 4

 Digital [3]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-16

Ionic Equilibrium DPP-08

1. When 10 ml of 0.1 M acetic acid (pKa = 5.0) is titrated against 10 ml of 0.1M ammonia solution
(pKb = 5.0), the equivalence point occurs at pH
(1) 5.0
(2) 6.0
(3) 7.0
(4) 9.0

2. The pKa of a weak acid is 4.8. What should be the ratio of [Acid]/[Salt] of a buffer if pH = 5.8 is required
(1) 10
(2) 0.1
(3) 1
(4) 2

3. A buffer solution has equal volumes of 0.2 M NH4OH and 0.02 M NH4Cl. The pKb of the base is 5. The pH
is
(1) 10
(2) 9
(3) 4
(4) 7

[𝐒𝐚𝐥𝐭]
4. The pH of a simple sodium acetate buffer is given by pH = pK a + log
[𝐀𝐜𝐢𝐝]
Ka of acetic acid = 1.8 × 10 . If [Salt] = [Acid] = 0.1 M, the pH of the solution would be about
–5

(1) 7
(2) 4.7
(3) 5.3
(4) 1.4

5. A certain buffer solution contains equal concentration of X– and HX. The Kb for X– is 10–10. The pH of the
buffer is
(1) 4
(2) 7
(3) 10
(4) 14
6. How much sodium acetate should be added to a 0.1 M solution of CH 3COOH to give a solution of
pH = 5.5 (pKa of CH3COOH = 4.5)
(1) 0.1 M
(2) 0.2 M
(3) 1.0 M
(4) 10.0 M

 Digital Pvt. Ltd. [1]

Ionic Equilibrium Part-16

7. Which of the following is a buffer:

(1) NaOH + CH3COONa
(2) NaOH + Na2SO4
(3) K2SO4 + H2SO4
(4) NH4OH + CH3COONH4

8. A buffer solution with pH 9 is to be prepared by mixing NH 4Cl and NH4OH. Calculate the number of
moles of NH4Cl that should be added to one litre of 1.0 M NH4OH]. [Kb = 1.8 × 10–5]
(1) 3.4
(2) 2.6
(3) 1.5
(4) 1.8

9. On addition of NaOH to CH3COOH solution, 60% of the acid is neutralised. If pKa of CH3COOH is 4.7 then
the pH of the resulting solution is:
(1) More than 4.7 but less than 5.0
(2) Less than 4.7 but more than 4.0
(3) More than 5.0
(4) Remains unchanged

10. A solution contains 0.2M NH4OH and 0.2M NH4Cl. If 1.0 mL of 0.001 M HCl is added to it. What will be
the [OH–] of the resulting solution [Kb = 2 × 10–5]:
(1) 2 × 10–5
(2) 5 × 10–10
(3) 2 × 10–3
(4) None of these

11. If 100 ml of 0.1M acetic acid is mixed with 100ml of 0.05M NaOH, then the pH of solution will be (K a of
acetic acid = 10–5)
(1) 4
(2) 6
(3) 7
(4) 5

12. If 500 ml of 0.1M acetic acid is mixed with 500ml of 0.1M NaOH, then the pH of solution will be (K a of
acetic acid = 10–5)
(1) 7
(2) 8.85
(3) 6.25
(4) 9.85

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Ionic Equilibrium Part-16

Answer Key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Answer 3 2 1 2 1 3 4 4 1 1 4 2

SOLUTIONS DPP-08

1. pKa = – log Ka, pKb = – log Kb

1
pH = − [logK a + logK w − logK b ]
2
1
= − [−5 + log( 1 × 10−14 ) − (−5)]
2
1 1
= − [−5 − 14 + 5] = − (−14) = 7
2 2

[Salt]
2. pH = pK a + log
[Acid]
[Salt] [Salt]
5.8 = 4.8 + log or log = 1.0
[Acid] [Acid]
[Salt]
= antilog 1.0 = 10
[Acid]
[Acid] 1
 = = 0.1
[Salt] 10

[Salt]
3. pOH = pK b + log
[Base]
0.02 1
= 5 + log = 5 + log = 5 + (−1) = 4
0.2 10
pH = 14 – pOH = 14 – 4 = 10

4. [Salt]= 0.1 M, [Acid]= 0.1 M

[Salt]
Ka = 1.8 × 10–5; pH = – log Ka + log
[Acid]
0.1
= –log 1.8 × 10–5 + log = – log 1.8 × 10–5
0.1
pH = 4.7

5. X– + H2O  OH– + HX
[OH − ][HX]
Kb =
[X − ]
HX  H+ + X–
[H + ][X − ]
Ka =
[HX]
 Ka × KB = [H+] [OH–] = Kw = 10–14
Hence Ka = 10–4
Now as [X–] = [HX], PH = pKa = 4.

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Ionic Equilibrium Part-16

[Salt] [Salt]
6. pH = pK a + log ; 5.5 = 4.5 + log
[Acid] [Acid]
[Salt]
log = 5.5 − 4.5 = 1
0.1
[Salt]
= antilog 1 = 10; [Salt] = 1
0.1

7. Buffer is mixture of weak base and its conjugate acid.

[Salt]
8. pOH = −logK b + log
[Base]
[Salt]
pOH = −log[1.8 × 10−5 ] + log
1.0
[Salt] [Salt]
5 = 4.7 + log ; log = 5 − 4.7 = 0.3
1.0 1.0
[Salt]
= Antilog (+0.3); [Salt] = 1.8
1.0

9. CH3COOH + NaOH  CH3COONa + H2O

On addition of NaOH to CH3COOH solution, 60% of the acid is neutralised ie after reaction 40% of acid & 60%
of salt are present which is an acidic buffer solution.
[Salt] 60
pH = pKa + log = 4.7 + log ( ) = 4.88
[Acid] 40

10. g eq. of H+ = N × V2
= 10–3 × 10–3 = 10–6 very small amount does not effect pH of solution
base 0.2
[OH − ] = k b × = 2 × 10−5 ×
salt 0.2
= 2 × 10 –5

11. CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3 COONa + H2O

Millimoles 100 × 0.1 100 × 0.05 100 × 0.05
= 10 5 5
= 10 – 5 LR
= 5 (left)
5
pH = pKa + log ( )
5
pH = pKa = 5

12. CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3 COONa + H2O

Millimoles 500 × 0.1 500 × 0.1
= 50 50 50
_____ _____
50
Concentration of CH3COONa = = 0.05
1000
pH = 7 + ½ pKa + ½ log C
= 7 + ½ (5) + ½ log (0.05)
= 8.85

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Ionic Equilibrium Part-18

Ionic Equilibrium DPP-09

1. If solubility product of the base M(OH)2 is 4 × 10–12, the concentration of M+2 will be
(1) 1 × 10–4
(2) 3 × 10–4
(3) 10–3
(4) 10–1

2. The unit of solubility product of silver chromate (Ag2CrO4) will be:

(1) mol2 L–2
(2) mol3 L–3
(3) mol L–1
(4) mol–1 L

3. At a certain temperature, the solubility of the salt A xBy is S moles per litre. The general expression for its
solubility product will be–
(1) Ksp = Xy Yx Sx+y
(2) Ksp = (XY)x+y Sx+y
(3) Ksp = (XxYy) Sx+y
(4) Ksp = Xx Yy Sxy

4. The solubility of silver sulphate is 1.5 × 10–2 mol L–1. The solubility product of the salt will be:
(1) 2.25 × 10–4
(2) 1.35 × 10–5
(3) 1.7 × 10–6
(4) 3.0 × 10–3

5. Given Ksp (AgI) = 8.5 × 10–17. The solubility of AgI in 0.1 M KI solution is:
(1) 0.1 M
(2) 8.5 × 10–16 M
(3) 8.5 × 10–17 M
(4) 8.5 × 10–18 M

6. If ksp of CaF2 in pure water is 1.70 × 10–10, then find the solubility of CaF2 in 0.10M NaF solution:
(1) 1.70 × 10–10
(2) 1.70 × 10–9
(3) 1.70 × 10–8
(4) 0.10

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Ionic Equilibrium Part-18

7. The correct representation of solubility product of SnS2 is:

(1) [Sn4+][S2–]2
(2) [Sn4+][S2–]
(3) [Sn4+][2S2–]
(4) [Sn4+][2S2–]2

8. The solubility of BaSO4 in water, is 2.33 × 10–3 gL–1. Its solubility product will be (molecular weight of
BaSO4 = 233):
(1) 1 × 10–5
(2) 1 × 10–10
(3) 1 × 10–15
(4) 1 × 10–20

9. Solubility of a M2S salt is 3.5 × 10–6 then find out solubility product:
(1) 1.7 × 10–6
(2) 1.7 × 10–16
(3) 1.7 × 10–18
(4) 1.7 × 10–12

10. The solubility product of a sparingly soluble salt AX2 is 3·2 × 10–11. Its solubility (in mol L–1) is:
(1) 3·1 × 10–4
(2) 2 × 10–4
(3) 4 × 10–4
(4) 5·6 × 10–6

11. In which of the following, the solution of AgSCN will be unsaturated:

(1) [Ag+] [SCN–] = Ksp
(2) [Ag+] × [SCN–] < Ksp
(3) [Ag+] × [SCN–] > Ksp
(4) [Ag+] [SCN–]2 < Ksp

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Ionic Equilibrium Part-18

Answer Key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Answer 1 2 3 2 2 3 1 2 2 2 2

SOLUTIONS DPP-09

1. M(OH)2  M+2 + 2OH–

s 2s
Ksp = s (2s) = 4s
2 3

4 × 10–12 = 4s3
s3 = 10–12
s = 10–4 = [M+2]

2. Ag2CrO4  2Ag+ + CrO42–

2s s
Ksp= [Ag ]+ 2
[CrO42–]
= (2s)2 (s)
Ksp = 4s3
mol 3
Unit ( ) or mol3 L–3
L

3. A xB y XA+y + YBx–
xs ys
Ksp = (xs) × (ys)
x y

Ksp= xxyysxsy
Ksp= (XxYy)sx+y

4. Ag2SO4  2Ag+ + SO42–

2s s
Ksp = (2s) s2

= 4s3
= 4 × (1.5 × 10–2)3
= 1.35 × 10–5

5. KI → K+ + I–
0.1 0.1 + s
AgI  Ag+ + I–
s s + 0.1
Ksp (AgI) = s(s + 0.1)  {s <<<1}
8.5 × 10–17 = s × 0.1
s = 8.5 × 10–16 M

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Ionic Equilibrium Part-18

6. NaF → Na+ + F–
0.1 0.1 + 2s
CaF2  Ca +2
+ 2F–
s 2s + 0.1
Ksp = (CaF2) = [Ca ] [F ]
+2 – 2

1.7 × 10–10 = s(2s + 0.1)2 {s <<<0.1}

1.7 × 10–10 = s × 10–2

s = 1.7 × 10–8 M

7. SnS2  Sn+4 + 2S–2

Ksp = [Sn+4] [S–2]2

8. S = 2.33 × 10–3 g/L

S = 10–5 mol/L
Ksp = S2 = 10–10

9. M2S  2M++ S2–

Ksp = (2s)2 (s) = 4s3

Ksp = 4 (3.5 × 10–6)3
Ksp = 171.5 × 10–18
Ksp = 1.7 × 10–16

10. Ksp = 4s3

3.2×10−11
s3 =
4
s = 8 × 10–12
3

s = 2 × 10–4 M

11. AgSCN  Ag+ + SCN–

If Ksp > [Ag+] [SCN–]

Then solution will be unsaturated

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Ionic Equilibrium Part-19

Ionic Equilibrium DPP-10

1. Any precipitate is formed when

(1) Solution becomes saturated
(2) The value of ionic product is less than the value of solubility product
(3) The value of ionic product is equal to the value of solubility product
(4) The value of ionic product is greater than the value of solubility product

2. The precipitate of CaF2 (Ksp = 1.7 × 10–10) is obtained when equal volumes of the following are mixed
(1) 10–4 M Ca2+ + 10–4 M F–
(2) 10–2 M Ca2+ + 10–3 M F–
(3) Both
(4) None of these

4. A litre of solution is saturated with AgCl. To this solution if 1.0 × 10 –4 mole of solid NaCl is added, what
will be the [Ag+], assuming no volume change
(1) More
(2) Less
(3) Equal
(4) Zero

5. A solution which is 10–3 M each in Mn2+, Fe2+, Zn2+ and Hg2+ is treated with 10–16 M sulphide ion. If Ksp of
MnS, FeS, ZnS and HgS are 10–15, 10–23, 10–20 and 10–54 respectively, which one will precipitate first
(1) FeS
(2) MnS
(3) HgS
(4) ZnS

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Ionic Equilibrium Part-19

Answer Key
Question 1 2 3 4
Answer 4 2 2 3

SOLUTIONS DPP-10

1. For precipitation
Ionic Product > Ksp

2. When ionic product is greater than Ksp then precipitation occur

Ksp < 10–2 M Ca2+ + 10–3 M F–

3. AgCl → Ag + + Cl−
x x

After NaCl is added x x +(1 × 10–4)

That is why Ag+ will be less.

4. MgS IP = (10–3) (10–16) = 10–19 < Ksp

FeS IP = (10–3) (10–16) = 10–19 > Ksp
ZnS IP = (10–3) (10–16) = 10–19 > Ksp
HgS IP = (10–3) (10–16) = 10–19 >>> Ksp

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Ionic Equilibrium Part-20

Ionic Equilibrium DPP-11

1. Which act as base in the following according to Arrhenius concept ?

(1) HS– (aq.)
(2) HCO3– (aq.)
(3) Ba(OH)2 (aq.)
(4) Both (1) & (2)

2. In the process: NH3 + NH3  NH2– + NH4+, The nature of ammonia is:

(1) Acidic
(2) Basic
(3) Amphoteric
(4) None

3. Which of the following is a Bronsted acid?

(i) HCN (ii) H2PO4– (iii) NH4+ (iv) HCl
(1) (i), (iii)
(2) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
(3) (ii), (iii)
(4) (i), (iii), (iv)

4. Which of the following is a Bronsted base?

(i) NH3 (ii) CH3NH2 (iii) HCO3– (iv) SO42–
(1) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
(2) (i), (ii)
(3) (i), (ii), (iii)
(4) (i), (iii),(iv)

5. The conjugate acid of amide ion (NH2–) is:

(1) N2H4
(2) NH2OH
(3) NH4+
(4) NH3

6. Which of the following can act both as a Bronsted acid as well as a Bronsted base?
(1) H2SO4
(2) HCO3–
(3) O2–
(4) NH4+

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Ionic Equilibrium Part-20

7. Which of the following Bronsted acid has the weakest conjugate base?
(1) H2O
(2) HCN
(3) HCOOH
(4) HF

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Ionic Equilibrium Part-20

Answer Key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Answer 3 3 2 1 4 2 4

SOLUTIONS DPP-11

1. Ba(OH)2 + H2O → Ba+2 (aq) + 2OH– (aq)

2.

3. According to Bronsted-Lowry concept. Those substance which have tendency to donate H+ by any method in
any solvent are called acid.

4. Those substance which have tendency to accept proton by any method in any solvent are called base.

H+
5. NH2– → NH3
Base conjugate acid

6. H2 CO3 ← HCO–3 → CO–2

3
H+ H+
accept donate

7. Strong acid has weak conjugate base.

HF(strong acid) → H + + F – (weak conjugate base)

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